Dave Meslin: The antidote to apathy

105,975 views ・ 2011-04-14

TED


请双击下面的英文字幕来播放视频。

翻译人员: Felix Chen 校对人员: Angelia King
00:15
How often do we hear that people just don't care?
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我们多久会听到
人们说他们毫不在乎?
你多少次被告知
00:20
How many times have you been told
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00:21
that real, substantial change isn't possible
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不可能发生真正的、实质性的变化,
因为多数人都太自私、
00:25
because most people are too selfish,
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太愚蠢或是太懒惰了,
00:27
too stupid or too lazy
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不会试着在他们的社区内有所作为?
00:29
to try to make a difference in their community?
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00:31
I propose to you today that apathy as we think we know it
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我今天想告诉各位,那些我们自以为了解的冷漠
00:34
doesn't actually exist;
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其实并不存在,
00:36
but rather, that people do care,
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相反,人们真的在乎,
00:38
but that we live in a world that actively discourages engagement
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我们生活的世界中,
我们不断地在我们的前方
00:42
by constantly putting obstacles and barriers in our way.
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设置障碍和壁垒以阻碍参与。
00:45
I'll give you some examples of what I mean.
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我会给些例子来做说明。
让我们从市政厅开始。
00:48
Let's start with city hall.
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各位以前见过这类东西么?
00:50
You ever see one of these before?
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这是个报纸广告。
00:52
This is a newspaper ad.
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00:53
It's a notice of a zoning application change for a new office building
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这是份新办公楼区划变更申请的通知
让邻近的人就能知道发生了什么。
00:57
so the neighborhood knows what's happening.
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正如各位所见,这简直没法读。
00:59
As you can see, it's impossible to read.
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需要半道停下来
01:01
You need to get halfway down
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01:02
to even find out which address they're talking about,
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去弄明白他们说的地址是哪儿,
接着往下读,用微小的10号字体
01:05
and then further down, in tiny 10-point font,
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标明了如何才能参与其中。
01:07
to find out how to actually get involved.
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01:09
Imagine if the private sector advertised in the same way --
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想象一下私营机构也用同样的方式广告 --
01:12
if Nike wanted to sell a pair of shoes --
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试想一下,耐克想销售一双鞋
01:14
(Laughter)
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01:15
And put an ad in the paper like that.
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并用这样的广告在报纸上做广告。
01:17
(Applause)
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(掌声)
01:21
Now, that would never happen.
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这永远不会发生。
各位永远不会看到这样的广告,
01:24
You'll never see an ad like that,
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因为耐克是真的想让你们去购买他们的鞋子。
01:26
because Nike actually wants you to buy their shoes,
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01:28
whereas the city of Toronto clearly doesn't want you involved
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然而多伦多市
显然不想你们参与规划过程,
01:31
with the planning process,
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01:32
otherwise their ads would look something like this,
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不然他们的广告应该是这样的 --
基本上所有的信息都清楚地列出来。
01:35
with all the information laid out clearly.
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只要市政府还在发布像这样的通知
01:37
As long as the city's putting out notices like this
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来让人们参与其中,
01:39
to try to get people engaged,
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那么人们当然不会参与。
01:41
then of course people aren't going to be engaged.
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但这不是冷漠;
01:43
But that's not apathy; that's intentional exclusion.
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这是有意地排斥。
01:47
Public space.
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公共空间。
01:48
(Applause)
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(掌声)
01:51
The manner in which we mistreat our public spaces
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我们糟蹋公共空间的行为
对任何类型的进步政治变革来说
01:54
is a huge obstacle towards any type of progressive political change,
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都是一个巨大的障碍。
01:58
because we've essentially put a price tag on freedom of expression.
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因为本质上,我们在言论自由上贴上了价格标签。
02:01
Whoever has the most money gets the loudest voice,
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最有钱的人有最大的发言权,
02:04
dominating the visual and mental environment.
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并支配着视觉和心理环境。
02:06
The problem with this model is there are some amazing messages
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这一观念的问题在于
有些需要传递的很棒的讯息
02:09
that need to be said, that aren't profitable to say.
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是无利可图的。
02:12
So you're never going to see them on a billboard.
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因此,绝不会在布告板上看到它们。
在发展我们与政治变革的关系上,
02:16
The media plays an important role
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02:17
in developing our relationship with political change,
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媒体扮演了一个重要的角色,
02:20
mainly by ignoring politics and focusing on celebrities and scandals,
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主要是通过忽视政治,
专注于名流和丑闻做到这些的。
但甚至他们在讨论重要的政治问题时,
02:25
but even when they do talk about important political issues,
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02:27
they do it in a way that I feel discourages engagement.
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也是以一种阻碍参与的方式。
02:30
I'll give you an example.
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我来举个例子:上周的现在杂志 --
02:32
The "Now" magazine from last week: progressive, downtown weekly in Toronto.
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进步者,多伦多市中心每周发行。
这是个封面故事。
02:35
This is the cover story.
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02:36
It's an article about a theater performance,
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它是一篇关于剧场演出的文章,
02:39
and it starts with basic information about where it is,
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以在哪儿演出的基本的信息开始,
02:42
in case you actually want to go and see it after you've read the article --
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在你阅读了这篇文章后,一旦你真的想去看看 --
02:45
where, the time, the website.
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地点,时间,网址一目了然。
02:47
Same with this -- it's a movie review.
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这篇也一样 -- 这是篇电影评论,
02:49
An art review.
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一篇艺术评论,
02:51
A book review -- where the reading is in case you want to go.
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一篇书评 --假若你想去读读,在哪儿能读到。
02:54
A restaurant -- you might not want to just read about it,
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一家餐馆 -- 或许你不仅仅是想读读,
也许你想去那家餐馆美餐一顿。
02:57
maybe you want to go there.
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02:58
So they tell you where it is, the prices, the address, the phone number, etc.
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因此他们告诉你餐馆在哪儿,价格,
地址,电话,等等。
03:02
Then you get to their political articles.
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然后我们看看政治文章。
03:04
Here's a great article about an important election race that's happening.
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这是一篇关于正在进行的重要选举的很好的文章。
论及候选人 -- 写的非常棒 --
03:08
It talks about the candidates, written very well,
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但没有信息,没有寻根问底,
03:10
but no information, no follow-up, no websites for the campaigns,
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没有竞选者的网站,
03:13
no information about when the debates are, where the campaign offices are.
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没有关于辩论时间,竞选办公室的地址等信息。
这另一篇好文章
03:17
Here's another good article,
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03:18
about a new campaign opposing privatization of transit,
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是关于反对交通运输私有化的一场新运动
03:21
without any contact information for the campaign.
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其中没有任何关于这一运动的联系信息。
03:24
The message seems to be
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这似乎表明
03:26
that the readers are most likely to want to eat, maybe read a book,
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读者最有可能想去品尝美食,
或是读一本书,或是看一场电影,但并没在他们的社区中参与活动。
03:29
maybe see a movie, but not be engaged in their community.
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各位也许会认为这是小事,
03:32
You might think this is a small thing, but I think it's important,
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但我认为这很重要,因为这树立了一个榜样
03:35
because it sets a tone
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03:36
and it reinforces the dangerous idea that politics is a spectator sport.
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并且加强了政治是项观赏性活动
这一危险看法。
03:43
Heroes: How do we view leadership?
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英雄:我们怎么看待领导力?
03:45
Look at these 10 movies. What do they have in common?
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看看这10部电影。它们有什么共同之处?
03:48
Anyone?
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有人知道么?
它们中都有被选中的英雄。
03:51
They all have heroes who were chosen.
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有人走到他们面前说,“你就是被选中的那个人。
03:53
Someone came up to them and said, "You're the chosen one.
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这是预言。你必须去拯救世界。”
03:56
There's a prophecy. You have to save the world."
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接着有人动身去拯救世界,因为他们被告知要这么做,
03:58
And then they go off and save the world because they've been told to,
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身边只跟随了几个人。
04:01
with a few people tagging along.
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这让我理解了
04:03
This helps me understand
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04:04
why a lot of people have trouble seeing themselves as leaders --
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为什么许多人很难把自己视为领导者。
04:07
because it sends all the wrong messages about what leadership is about.
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因为关于什么是领导力有太多的错误信息。
英雄式的壮举是集体的努力,
04:11
A heroic effort is a collective effort,
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第一点。
04:13
number one.
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第二点,它不完美;它不是很迷人;
04:15
Number two, it's imperfect; it's not very glamorous,
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它不是突然开始并突然结束的。
04:18
and doesn't suddenly start and suddenly end.
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它是个持续一生的过程。
04:20
It's an ongoing process your whole life.
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但最重要地是,它是自愿的。
04:22
But most importantly, it's voluntary.
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它是自愿的。
04:24
It's voluntary.
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只要我们还在教导我们的孩子
04:26
As long as we're teaching our kids
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04:28
that heroism starts when someone scratches a mark on your forehead,
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英雄事迹从有人在你额头画上标记时开始,
04:31
or someone tells you you're part of a prophecy,
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或是有人告诉你,你是预言的一部分时开始,
他们错过了领导力中最重要的特质,
04:34
they're missing the most important characteristic of leadership,
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而这是来自于内心的。
04:37
which is that it comes from within.
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04:38
It's about following your own dreams, uninvited,
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最重要的是追寻自己的梦想 --
未经邀请地,自发地 --
04:42
and then working with others to make those dreams come true.
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然后与他人一起努力实现这些梦想。
04:45
Political parties: oh, boy.
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政党:哇!
政党能够成为并且应该是
04:48
Political parties could and should be one of the basic entry points
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人们参与政治的
04:52
for people to get engaged in politics.
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基本切入点之一。
04:54
Instead, they've become, sadly,
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相反,它们已经悲哀地成为
缺乏创见的和缺乏创造性的组织
04:57
uninspiring and uncreative organizations
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04:59
that rely so heavily on market research and polling and focus groups
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它们高度依赖市场调查、
投票和
05:03
that they end up all saying the same thing,
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总是能最终达成一致的焦点群体,
05:05
pretty much regurgitating back to us what we already want to hear
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我们总是听到我们想听的,
而不是提出切实大胆创新的观点。
05:09
at the expense of putting forward bold and creative ideas.
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05:11
And people can smell that, and it feeds cynicism.
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人们能感觉到这些,这成了冷嘲热讽。
05:14
(Applause)
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(掌声)
05:20
Charitable status.
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慈善组织:
05:22
Groups who have charitable status in Canada aren't allowed to do advocacy.
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在加拿大,拥有慈善组织的团体不允许拥护某个候选者。
这是个大问题,也是变革的巨大障碍,
05:26
This is a huge problem and a huge obstacle to change,
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05:28
because it means that some of the most passionate and informed voices
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因为这意味着一些最热情的最知情的声音
将完全消失,尤其是在选举期间。
05:32
are completely silenced, especially during election time.
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最后一点,
05:35
Which leads us to the last one, which is: our elections.
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就是我们的选举。
05:38
As you may have noticed,
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各位或许已经注意到了,加拿大的选举完全是个笑话。
05:40
our elections in Canada are a complete joke.
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我们使用落后的系统
05:42
We use out-of-date systems
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05:43
that are unfair and create random results.
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这会产生一些不公平且随意的结果。
加拿大当前正由一个
05:46
Canada's currently led by a party
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05:47
that most Canadians didn't actually want.
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多数加拿大人并不认可的政党领导着。
05:50
How can we honestly and genuinely encourage more people to vote
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当在加拿大投票并不算数时,
05:53
when votes don't count in Canada?
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我们如何能诚实地真诚地鼓励更多的人去投票呢?
把所有这些放在一起
05:56
You add all this up together, and of course people are apathetic.
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人们当然缺乏兴趣。
05:59
It's like trying to run into a brick wall.
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这就像试着玩儿穿墙术。
06:01
Now, I'm not trying to be negative by throwing all these obstacles out
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我现在列举出这些障碍,
说明我们面对的困难并不是想变得消极。
06:05
and explaining what's in our way.
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恰恰相反:我确实认为人们很棒很聪明
06:06
Quite the opposite --
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06:07
I actually think people are amazing and smart and that they do care,
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而且他们真的在乎。
但正如我说过的,我们生活在一个
06:12
but that, as I said, we live in this environment
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06:14
where all these obstacles are being put in our way.
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充满坎坷的环境之中。
06:18
As long as we believe that people, our own neighbors,
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只要我们还在认为人们,我们的邻居,
是自私的、愚蠢的或是懒惰的,
06:22
are selfish, stupid or lazy,
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06:25
then there's no hope.
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就没有希望。
但我们能改变所有这些我所提到的事情。
06:28
But we can change all those things I mentioned.
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我们能敞开市政厅。
06:30
We can open up city hall.
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06:31
We can reform our electoral systems.
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我们能改良我们的选举系统。
06:33
We can democratize our public spaces.
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我们能使我们的公共空间民主化。
06:35
My main message is:
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我的主旨是,
06:37
if we can redefine apathy,
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如果我们重新定义冷漠,
06:39
not as some kind of internal syndrome,
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不把它视作某种内在症状,
06:41
but as a complex web of cultural barriers that reinforces disengagement,
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而是把它视为阻止我们参与的
文化障碍的复杂网络,
06:46
and if we can clearly define, clearly identify what those obstacles are,
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如果我们能清晰地定义它,我们就能清晰地识别出
哪些是障碍,
而后,如果我们能一起协作去除这些障碍,
06:52
and then if we can work together collectively to dismantle those obstacles,
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一切皆有可能。
06:55
then anything is possible.
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谢谢。
06:57
Thank you.
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06:58
(Applause)
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(掌声)
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