Why people believe weird things | Michael Shermer

3,019,126 views ・ 2008-04-15

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Nathan Jo κ²€ν† : Nakho Kim
00:25
I'm Michael Shermer, director of the Skeptics Society,
0
25000
2532
μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. μ €λŠ” νšŒμ˜λ‘ ν•™νšŒ 회μž₯이며
00:27
publisher of "Skeptic" magazine.
1
27556
1532
'μŠ€μΌ‘ν‹±'지(회의둠자)의 λ°œν–‰μΈμΈ 마이클 μ…”λ¨Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:29
We investigate claims of the paranormal,
2
29112
1913
μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ΄ˆν˜„μƒ, μœ μ‚¬ κ³Όν•™,
00:31
pseudo-science, fringe groups and cults, and claims of all kinds between,
3
31049
3682
μ†Œμˆ˜ κ³Όκ²©νŒŒλ“€κ³Ό μ»¬νŠΈκ΅λ„λ“€μ˜ μ£Όμž₯,
00:34
science and pseudo-science and non-science and junk science,
4
34755
2894
그리고 κ³Όν•™κ³Ό μœ μ‚¬ κ³Όν•™, λΉ„κ³Όν•™, 엉터리 κ³Όν•™,
00:37
voodoo science, pathological science, bad science, non-science,
5
37673
3303
뢀두 κ³Όν•™, 병적 μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ κ³Όν•™, λ‚˜μœ κ³Όν•™, λΉ„κ³Όν•™κ³Ό
00:41
and plain old non-sense.
6
41000
1887
λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 였래된 λ„Œμ„ΌμŠ€λ“€ κ°„, λͺ¨λ“  μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μ˜κ²¬λ“€μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 쑰사해 μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
And unless you've been on Mars recently,
7
42911
1917
그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ΅œκ·ΌκΉŒμ§€ 화성에 μ‚΄λ‹€μ˜€μ‹  것이 μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄
00:44
you know there's a lot of that out there.
8
44852
2018
그런 것듀이 맀우 많이 λ„λ €μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•„μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:46
Some people call us debunkers, which is kind of a negative term.
9
46894
3022
λͺ‡λͺ‡ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 우리λ₯Ό β€˜ν­λ‘œμžβ€™λΌκ³  λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μΌμ’…μ˜ 뢀정적인 μš©μ–΄μ£ .
00:49
But let's face it, there's a lot of bunk.
10
49940
2108
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 인정할 건 μΈμ •ν•©μ‹œλ‹€. ν—ˆν’μ€ 많고
00:52
We are like the bunko squads of the police departments out there --
11
52072
3453
μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ ν—ˆν’λ“€μ„ μ«“μ•„λ‚΄λŠ” κ²½μ°°μ„œμ˜ β€œμ‚¬κΈ° μ „λ‹΄λ°˜β€κ³Ό 같은 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
well, we're sort of like the Ralph Naders of bad ideas,
12
55549
3427
잘λͺ»λœ λ°œμƒλ“€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λž„ν”„ 넀이더(μ—­μ£Ό: λ―Έκ΅­ μ–‘λ‹Ήμ œμ˜ 문제λ₯Ό ν­λ‘œν•œ μ†Œμˆ˜μ§„λ³΄νŒŒ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήν›„λ³΄) 같은 역할을 ν•˜λŠ” 것이죠.
00:59
(Laughter)
13
59000
1230
(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:00
trying to replace bad ideas with good ideas.
14
60254
2722
- 잘λͺ»λœ λ°œμƒλ“€μ„ μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 된 λ°œμƒμœΌλ‘œ λŒ€μ²΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄μ£ .
01:03
I'll show you an example of a bad idea.
15
63000
1863
μ œκ°€ μ•ˆμ’‹μ€ μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄μ˜ ν•œ 예λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
I brought this with me,
16
64887
1158
이걸 가지고 μ™”λŠ”λ°μš”.
01:06
this was given to us by NBC Dateline to test.
17
66069
3907
μ‹œν—˜μ„ μœ„ν•΄ β€˜NBC λ°μ΄νŠΈλΌμΈβ€™μ—μ„œ κ°€μ Έμ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
It's produced by the Quadro Corporation of West Virginia.
18
70000
3286
West Virginia의 Quadro Corporationμ—μ„œ 생산됐죠.
01:13
It's called the Quadro 2000 Dowser Rod.
19
73310
2910
Quadro 2000 λ‹€μš°μ Έ λ‘œλ“œλΌκ³  λΆˆλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
(Laughter)
20
76244
1446
(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:17
This was being sold to high-school administrators for $900 apiece.
21
77714
5262
ν•œ κ°œμ— 900λ‹¬λŸ¬μ”© 고등학ꡐ κ΄€λ¦¬μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ 판맀되고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:23
It's a piece of plastic with a Radio Shack antenna attached to it.
22
83000
4327
Radio Shack μ•ˆν…Œλ‚˜κ°€ λΆ™μ–΄μžˆλŠ” ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹±μœΌλ‘œ 된 쑰그만 λ¬Όκ±΄μΈλ°μš”.
01:27
You could dowse for all sorts of things,
23
87351
1966
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ–΄λ–€ 것이라도 λ‹€μš°μ§•ν•  수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ, 이건 νŠΉλ³„νžˆ
01:29
but this particular one was built to dowse for marijuana
24
89341
3393
학생듀 사물함에 μžˆλŠ” λ§ˆλ¦¬ν™”λ‚˜λ₯Ό λ‹€μš°μ§• ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:32
in students' lockers.
25
92758
1218
01:34
(Laughter)
26
94000
2460
(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:36
So the way it works is you go down the hallway,
27
96484
3545
μž‘λ™ν•˜λŠ” 방식은, λ³΅λ„λ‘œ λ‚΄λ €κ°€μ„œ
01:40
and you see if it tilts toward a particular locker,
28
100053
2999
이것이 νŠΉμ •ν•œ μ‚¬λ¬Όν•¨μœΌλ‘œ κΈ°μš°λŠ” 지λ₯Ό λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€, 그리고 κ·Έ 사물함을 μ—¬μ‹œλ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:43
and then you open the locker.
29
103076
1444
01:44
So it looks something like this.
30
104544
1577
μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” κ±΄λ°μš”.
01:46
I'll show you.
31
106145
1183
μ œκ°€ 보여 λ“œλ¦΄κ»˜μš”.
01:48
(Laughter)
32
108809
1167
(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:50
Well, it has kind of a right-leaning bias.
33
110000
3391
μ–΄, 음, 였λ₯Έμͺ½μœΌλ‘œ κΈ°μš°λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 μžˆλ„€μš”.
μ•„, μ œκ°€ - 이건 κ³Όν•™μ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒ, ν†΅μ œλœ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν• κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
Well, this is science, so we'll do a controlled experiment.
34
113415
2805
ν™•μ‹€νžˆ 이μͺ½μœΌλ‘œ κ°ˆκ±°μ—μš”.
01:56
It'll go this way for sure.
35
116244
1582
01:57
(Laughter)
36
117850
3934
(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:01
Sir, do you want to empty your pockets, please, sir?
37
121808
2526
μ„ μƒλ‹˜, μ£Όλ¨Έλ‹ˆλ₯Ό ν„Έμ–΄λ³΄μ‹œμ£ . λΆ€νƒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
(Laughter)
38
124358
1838
(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:06
So the question was, can it actually find marijuana in students' lockers?
39
126220
3457
μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, 이 물건이 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ μ‚¬λ¬Όν•¨μ—μ„œ λ§ˆλ¦¬ν™”λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ„μˆ˜ μžˆμ„κΉŒμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
And the answer is, if you open enough of them, yes.
40
129701
2598
그리고 λŒ€λ‹΅μ€, μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ λ§Žμ€ 사물함을 μ—°λ‹€λ©΄ - κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
(Laughter)
41
132323
1023
(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:13
(Applause)
42
133370
1606
(λ°•μˆ˜)
02:15
But in science, we have to keep track of the misses, not just the hits.
43
135000
3381
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ³Όν•™μ—μ„œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 맞좘 λΆ€λΆ„λ“€ 만이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ ν‹€λ¦° 뢀뢄듀을 μ«“μ•„λ΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:18
And that's probably the key lesson to my short talk here:
44
138405
3266
그리고 그건 μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ ν•  제 짧은 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ μ€‘μš”ν•œ κ΅ν›ˆμΌν…λ°μš”,
02:21
This is how psychics work, astrologers, tarot card readers and so on.
45
141695
3734
λ°”λ‘œ 심령연ꡬ가 μ΄λ€„μ§€λŠ” λ°©μ‹μ΄λ‚˜ μ μˆ κ°€, νƒ€λ‘œμˆ μ‚¬λ“€μ˜ λ°©μ‹μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:25
People remember the hits and forget the misses.
46
145453
2219
μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 맞좘 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν‹€λ¦° 것은 μžŠμ–΄λ²„λ¦¬μ£ .
02:27
In science, we keep the whole database,
47
147696
1895
κ³Όν•™μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 전체적인 정보λ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν•˜κ³ 
02:29
and look to see if the number of hits somehow stands out
48
149615
2661
μ–΄μ°Œλλ“  μš°μ—°μ— μ˜ν•΄ λ°œμƒν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 총 νšŸμˆ˜λ³΄λ‹€
02:32
from the total number you'd expect by chance.
49
152300
2213
맞좘 νšŸμˆ˜κ°€ λ‘λ“œλŸ¬μ§€λŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
In this case, we tested it.
50
154537
1294
이런 κ²½μš°μ—, 우린 μ‹œν—˜ν•΄λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
We had two opaque boxes:
51
155855
1492
뢈투λͺ…ν•œ λ‘κ°œμ˜ λ°•μŠ€κ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ°μš”,
02:37
one with government-approved THC marijuana, and one with nothing.
52
157371
3634
ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μ •λΆ€κ°€ ν—ˆκ°€ν•œ THC λ§ˆλ¦¬ν™”λ‚˜κ°€ λ“€μ–΄μžˆκ³  λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” 아무것도 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
And it got it 50 percent of the time --
53
161029
1881
50%의 ν™•λ₯ μ„ κ°€μ§€λŠ”λ° -
02:42
(Laughter)
54
162934
1093
- 이건 μ •ν™•νžˆ β€˜λ™μ „λ’€μ§‘κΈ°β€™ν•  λ•Œμ™€ κ°™μ£ .
02:44
which is exactly what you'd expect with a coin-flip model.
55
164051
2925
02:47
So that's just a fun little example here of the sorts of things we do.
56
167000
3991
μ—¬κΈ° μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 일 쀑 μž¬λ°ŒλŠ” ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μž‘μ€ μ˜ˆκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
β€˜Skeptic’은 μ—° 4회 λ°œν–‰λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:51
"Skeptic" is the quarterly publication. Each one has a particular theme.
57
171015
3468
각 νšŒλ§ˆλ‹€ νŠΉμ •ν•œ μ£Όμ œκ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ°, 이건 지λŠ₯의 λ―Έλž˜μ— κ΄€ν•΄ 닀루고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
This one is on the future of intelligence.
58
174507
2074
02:56
Are people getting smarter or dumber?
59
176605
1771
μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 점점 λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•΄μ Έ κ°€λŠ”κ°€ ν˜Ήμ€ λ©μ²­ν•΄μ Έκ°€λŠ”κ°€?
02:58
I have an opinion of this myself because of the business I'm in,
60
178400
3048
μ œκ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 일 νŠΉμ„±μƒ 여기에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„  μ €λ§Œμ˜ μ–΄λ–€ 의견이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ,
03:01
but in fact, people, it turns out, are getting smarter.
61
181472
2667
사싀, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 점차 λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•΄μ Έκ°€λŠ” 걸둜 판λͺ…λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10λ…„λ™μ•ˆ 3 IQν¬μΈνŠΈκ°€ μ˜¬λΌκ°”μ£ .
03:04
Three IQ points per 10 years, going up.
62
184163
2813
03:07
Sort of an interesting thing.
63
187000
1651
ν₯미둜운 μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
With science, don't think of skepticism as a thing, or science as a thing.
64
188675
3547
과학이라면, νšŒμ˜λ‘ μ„ ν˜„μƒμœΌλ‘œ κ°„μ£Όν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ‹œκ³  심지어 κ³Όν•™ μžμ²΄λ„ ν˜„μƒμœΌλ‘œ κ°„μ£Όν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
03:12
Are science and religion compatible?
65
192246
1730
κ³Όν•™κ³Ό 쒅ꡐ가 양립할 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
03:14
It's like, are science and plumbing compatible?
66
194000
2231
이 말은, κ³Όν•™κ³Ό 배관업이 양립할 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λ¬»λŠ” κ²©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
They're just two different things.
67
196255
1634
이것듀은 μ„œλ‘œ μ™„μ „νžˆ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²ƒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
Science is not a thing. It's a verb.
68
197913
1739
과학은 ν˜„μƒμ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. 과학은 λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
It's a way of thinking about things.
69
199676
1722
ν˜„μƒμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
It's a way of looking for natural explanations for all phenomena.
70
201422
3070
λͺ¨λ“  ν˜„μƒμ— λŒ€ν•œ μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ μ„€λͺ…을 μ°ΎλŠ” λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:24
I mean, what's more likely:
71
204516
1350
제 말은 즉 -
03:25
that extraterrestrial intelligences or multi-dimensional beings
72
205890
3563
외계 지λŠ₯ ν˜Ήμ€ 닀차원적 μ‘΄μž¬κ°€
03:29
travel across vast distances of interstellar space
73
209477
2390
Kansasμ£Ό Puckerbrushλ§ˆμ„μ— μžˆλŠ” λ°₯아저씨 농μž₯에 크둭 써클을 λ‚¨κ²¨μ€ŒμœΌλ‘œμ¨
03:31
to leave a crop circle in Farmer Bob's field in Puckerbrush, Kansas
74
211891
3180
Skeptic.com 히트수λ₯Ό 늘렀주기 μœ„ν•΄ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 거리의 μ„±κ°„ 곡간을 μ—¬ν–‰ν•΄μ„œ 왔을 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:35
to promote skeptic.com, our web page?
75
215095
1810
03:36
Or is it more likely that a reader of "Skeptic" did this with Photoshop?
76
216929
4478
μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄, Skeptic λ…μžκ°€ ν¬ν† μƒΎμœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμ„ 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:41
And in all cases we have to ask --
77
221431
1650
λͺ¨λ“  κ²½μš°μ— 우린 μ§ˆλ¬Έν•΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. -
03:43
(Laughter)
78
223105
1824
(μ›ƒμŒ)
03:44
What's the more likely explanation?
79
224953
2023
- μ–΄λ–€κ²Œ 더 κ·ΈλŸ΄μ‹Έν•œ μ„€λͺ…μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:47
Before we say something is out of this world,
80
227000
2167
λ­”κ°€κ°€ 이 세계λ₯Ό "λ„˜μ–΄μ„ ' 것이라고 λ§ν•˜κΈ° 전에,
03:49
we should first make sure that it's not in this world.
81
229191
2664
우린 λ¨Όμ € 그것이 이 세상 "속"μ—μ„œ λ²Œμ–΄μ§ˆ 수 μ—†μŒμ„ 확인해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
What's more likely:
82
231879
1151
μ•„λ†€λ“œκ°€ 그의 주지사 자리λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄
03:53
that Arnold had extraterrestrial help in his run for the governorship,
83
233054
3326
μ™Έκ³„μ˜ 도움을 쑰금 μ–»μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것이 κ·ΈλŸ΄μ‹Έν• κΉŒμš”,
03:56
or that the "World Weekly News" makes stuff up?
84
236404
2498
μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ World Weekly News(μ—­μ£Ό: μ™Έκ³„μŒλͺ¨λ‘  μ „λ¬Έ κ°€μ‹­μ‹ λ¬Έ)κ°€ μ§€μ–΄λƒˆλ‹€λŠ” 것이 κ·ΈλŸ΄μ‹Έν•œκ°€μš”?
03:58
(Laughter)
85
238926
1389
(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:00
The same theme is expressed nicely here in this Sidney Harris cartoon.
86
240339
4662
그런 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ 일뢀뢄은 - λ˜‘κ°™μ€ μ£Όμ œκ°€ μ—¬κΈ°
μ‹œλ“œλ‹ˆ ν•΄λ¦¬μŠ€ μΉ΄νˆ°μ— 잘 ν‘œν˜„λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
For those of you in the back, it says here: "Then a miracle occurs.
87
245025
3215
μ €κΈ° 뒀에 앉아 계신 뢄듀을 μœ„ν•΄ μ½μ–΄λ“œλ¦¬μžλ©΄, ”그리고 기적이 일어남.
04:08
I think you need to be more explicit here in step two."
88
248264
2712
2λ‹¨κ³„μ—μ„œλŠ” 보닀 λͺ…ν™•ν•œ μ„€λͺ…을 μ’€ ν•΄μ£Όμ…”μ•Ό ν•˜κ² λ„€μš”.”
04:11
This single slide completely dismantles the intelligent design arguments.
89
251000
4496
이 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μŠ¬λΌμ΄λ“œκ°€ β€˜μ§€μ μ„€κ³„λ…ΌμŸβ€™μ„ μ™„μ „νžˆ ν•΄μ²΄ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:15
There's nothing more to it than that.
90
255520
1848
저것 μ΄μƒμ˜ λ‚΄μš©μ€ μ—†μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
04:17
(Applause)
91
257392
1050
(λ°•μˆ˜)
04:18
You can say a miracle occurs,
92
258466
1388
당신은 기적이 일어났닀고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:19
it's just that it doesn't explain anything or offer anything.
93
259878
2966
단지 그건 아무것도 μ„€λͺ…ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” λ‹€λŠ” 것 λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:22
There's nothing to test.
94
262868
1150
그건 아무것도 μ œκ³΅ν•΄μ£Όμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‹œν—˜ν•΄λ³Ό 것도 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:24
It's the end of the conversation for intelligent design creationists.
95
264042
3448
μ§€μ μ„€κ³„μ°½μ‘°λ‘ μžλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” λŒ€ν™”μ˜ λμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:27
And it's true, scientists sometimes throw terms out as linguistic place fillers --
96
267514
4886
반면 - 예, 사싀 κ³Όν•™μžλ“€λ„ λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” ν˜„μƒ μ΄ν•΄μ˜ 빈 곡간듀을 μš°μ„  μ±„μ›Œλ†“κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
κ°œλ…μš©μ–΄λ“€μ„ κ³ μ•ˆν•˜κ³€ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ - μ•”ν‘μ—λ„ˆμ§€λΌλ“ κ°€ μ•”ν‘λ¬Όμ§ˆμ΄λ‚˜ 뭐 그런 것듀 말이죠.
04:32
dark energy or dark matter, something like that --
97
272424
2348
04:34
until we figure out what it is, we'll call it this.
98
274796
2460
그것이 무엇인지 규λͺ…λ˜κΈ° μ „κΉŒμ§€λŠ”, κ·Έλƒ₯ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λΆ€λ₯΄κΈ°λ‘œ ν•˜λŠ”κ±°μ£ .
04:37
It's the beginning of the causal chain for science.
99
277280
2701
과학에 μžˆμ–΄ 인과 μ—°μ‡„μ˜ μ‹œμž‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ§€μ μ„€κ³„μ°½μ‘°λ‘ μžλ“€μ— μžˆμ–΄μ„œλŠ”, 이것은 μ—°μ‡„μ˜ λμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:40
For intelligent design creationists, it's the end of the chain.
100
280005
4075
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 묻게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. -
04:44
So again, we can ask this: what's more likely?
101
284104
2172
04:46
Are UFOs alien spaceships, or perceptual cognitive mistakes, or even fakes?
102
286300
4391
UFOλŠ” 외계 μš°μ£Όμ„ μΈμ§€ μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 지각 μΈμ§€μ˜ 였λ₯˜μΈμ§€, μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ μ•„μ˜ˆ μ†μž„μˆ˜μΈμ§€?
04:50
This is a UFO shot from my house in Altadena, California,
103
290715
3261
이건 Altadena, California에 μžˆλŠ” 우리 μ§‘μ—μ„œ 찍힌 UFOμ‚¬μ§„μΈλ°μš”
04:54
looking down over Pasadena.
104
294000
1976
Pasadenaλ₯Ό 내렀닀보고 있죠.
04:56
And if it looks a lot like a Buick hubcap, it's because it is.
105
296000
3521
그리고 이게 μžλ™μ°¨ 바퀴 휠캑처럼 보인닀면, 그건 μ‹€μ œ 그것이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
04:59
You don't even need Photoshop or high-tech equipment,
106
299545
2738
ν¬ν† μƒΎμ΄λ‚˜ μ΅œμ²¨λ‹¨ μž₯λΉ„
05:02
you don't need computers.
107
302307
1198
컴퓨터도 ν•„μš”μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:03
This was shot with a throwaway Kodak Instamatic camera.
108
303529
3447
이건 일회용 μ½”λ‹₯ μΉ΄λ©”λΌλ‘œ μ°μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
05:07
You just have somebody off on the side with a hubcap ready to go.
109
307000
3096
μ˜†μ— 휠캑이 μ€€λΉ„λœ μ‚¬λžŒ ν•˜λ‚˜λ§Œ 있으면 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:10
Camera's ready -- that's it.
110
310120
1898
μΉ΄λ©”λΌλŠ” μ€€λΉ„ 끝. 그게 λ‹€μ—μš”.
05:12
(Laughter)
111
312042
1437
(μ›ƒμŒ)
05:13
So, although it's possible that most of these things are fake
112
313503
3473
뭐 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 것듀이 κ°€μ§œκ±°λ‚˜ ν™˜μƒ 등일 수 있고
05:17
or illusions or so on, and that some of them are real,
113
317000
3714
κ°œμ€‘μ—” μ§„μ§œλ„ μžˆμ„ κ°€λŠ₯성도 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ,
05:20
it's more likely that all of them are fake, like the crop circles.
114
320738
3133
λ―ΈμŠ€ν„°λ¦¬ 써클처럼 κ·Έλƒ₯ μ „λΆ€ λ‹€ κ°€μ§œμΌ κ°€λŠ₯성이 더 ν½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
On a more serious note, in all of science we're looking for a balance
115
323895
3381
μ’€ 더 μ§„μ§€ν•˜κ²Œ λ§ν•˜μžλ©΄, λͺ¨λ“  κ³Όν•™ λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
05:27
between data and theory.
116
327300
1676
μžλ£Œμ™€ 이둠의 κ· ν˜•μ„ μΆ”κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:29
In the case of Galileo, he had two problems
117
329000
3976
갈릴레였의 경우,
05:33
when he turned his telescope to Saturn.
118
333000
2361
κ·Έκ°€ λ§μ›κ²½μœΌλ‘œ 토성을 κ΄€μ°°ν•  λ•Œ 두가지 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
05:35
First of all, there was no theory of planetary rings.
119
335385
3122
λ¨Όμ €, 행성고리에 λŒ€ν•œ 이둠이 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:38
Second of all, his data was grainy and fuzzy,
120
338531
2193
λ‘˜μ§Έλ‘œλŠ”, κ·Έκ°€ 가진 μžλ£ŒλŠ” λΆˆλΆ„λͺ…ν•˜κ³  또 λͺ¨ν˜Έν–ˆμ£ 
05:40
and he couldn't quite make out what he was looking at.
121
340748
2528
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έκ°€ λ³΄κ³ μžˆλŠ”κ²Œ μ •ν™•νžˆ 뭔지 μ•Œ 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:43
So he wrote that he had seen --
122
343300
1676
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” -
05:45
"I have observed that the furthest planet has three bodies."
123
345000
3507
β€œκ°€μž₯ λ¨Ό 행성은 3개의 μ„±μ²΄λ‘œ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘ŒμŒμ„ κ΄€μ°°ν–ˆλ‹€.” 라고 μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
And this is what he ended up concluding that he saw.
124
348531
2865
그리고 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μžμ‹ μ΄ λ³Έ 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 결둠을 λ‚΄λ Έμ£ .
05:51
So without a theory of planetary rings and with only grainy data,
125
351420
3556
행성고리에 λŒ€ν•œ 이둠이 μ—†κ³  자료 μ—­μ‹œ λΆ€μ •ν™•ν•˜λ©΄
05:55
you can't have a good theory.
126
355000
1918
쒋은 이둠을 μ„ΈμšΈ 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:56
It wasn't solved until 1655.
127
356942
1619
그리고 이 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” 1655년이 λ˜μ–΄μ„œμ•Ό ν•΄κ²°λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:58
This is Christiaan Huygens's book that catalogs all the mistakes
128
358585
3014
이건 Christiaan Huygensκ°€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
06:01
people made trying to figure out what was going on with Saturn.
129
361623
2962
토성을 규λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” 것에 κ΄€ν•΄ 저지λ₯Έ μ‹€μˆ˜λ“€μ„ 기둝해놓은 μ±…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:04
It wasn't till Huygens had two things:
130
364609
1856
Huygensκ°€ 두 가지λ₯Ό κ°–μΆ”κ³  λ‚˜μ„œμ•Ό κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
06:06
He had a good theory of planetary rings and how the solar system operated,
131
366489
4486
행성고리에 λŒ€ν•œ 쒋은 이둠을 μ„Έμ› κ³ , νƒœμ–‘κ³„κ°€ μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” 방식을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
06:10
and he had better telescopic, more fine-grain data
132
370999
2863
κ²Œλ‹€κ°€, κ·ΈλŠ” 더 λ‚˜μ€ 망원경을 μ‚¬μš©ν•œ 보닀 μ„Έλ°€ν•˜κ³  λͺ…ν™•ν•œ 자료λ₯Ό 톡해
06:13
in which he could figure out that as the Earth is going around faster --
133
373886
3543
μΌ€ν”ŒλŸ¬μ˜ 법칙을 따라 지ꡬ가 토성보닀 더 빨리 κ³΅μ „ν•œλ‹€λŠ”κ±Έ μ•Œμ•„ λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
according to Kepler's Laws -- than Saturn, then we catch up with it.
134
377453
3228
그리고 μ§€κ΅¬λŠ” 토성을 λ”°λΌμž‘μ£ .
06:20
And we see the angles of the rings at different angles, there.
135
380705
3271
μœ„μΉ˜μ— 따라 행성고리λ₯Ό λ‹€λ₯Έ κ°λ„μ—μ„œ 보게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
And that, in fact, turns out to be true.
136
384000
2220
λ°”λ‘œ 그것이 κ²°κ΅­ μ‚¬μ‹€λ‘œ 판λͺ…λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:26
The problem with having a theory is that it may be loaded with cognitive biases.
137
386244
5297
이둠을 μ„Έμš°λŠ”λ° μžˆμ–΄ λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 이둠이 인지적 편견으둜 가득할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:31
So one of the problems of explaining why people believe weird things
138
391565
3267
μ™œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ΄μƒν•œ 것을 λ―ΏλŠ” 지에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” 일의 문제점 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
06:34
is that we have things, on a simple level,
139
394856
2068
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ‹¨μˆœν•œ μˆ˜μ€€μ—μ„œ 보기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:36
and then I'll go to more serious ones.
140
396948
1828
보닀 μ§„μ§€ν•œ 걸둜 λ„˜μ–΄κ°€ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:38
Like, we have a tendency to see faces.
141
398800
1876
예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 얼꡴을 λ³΄λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:40
This is the face on Mars.
142
400700
1776
이건 화성에 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œ μ–Όκ΅΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. -
06:42
In 1976, where there was a whole movement to get NASA to photograph that area
143
402500
4512
1976λ…„μ—λŠ” 이 것이 화성인에 μ˜ν•΄ μ„Έμ›Œμ§„
μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 건좕물이라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
06:47
because people thought this was monumental architecture made by Martians.
144
407036
3916
NASA둜 ν•˜μ—¬κΈˆ 사진을 찍으라고 μš΄λ™μ΄ 일어났죠.
06:50
Here's the close-up of it from 2001.
145
410976
2771
결ꡭ은 뭐... 이것이 2001년에 찍은 κ·Όμ ‘μ‚¬μ§„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:53
If you squint, you can still see the face.
146
413771
2460
μ‹€λˆˆμœΌλ‘œ λ³΄μ‹œλ©΄ μ—¬μ „νžˆ 얼꡴을 보싀 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:56
And when you're squinting,
147
416255
1302
그리고 μ‹€λˆˆμΌ λ•Œ, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•˜λŠ” 행동은
06:57
you're turning that from fine-grain to coarse-grain,
148
417581
3023
λ―Έμ„Έν•œ μž…μžλ₯Ό μ‘°μ•…ν•œ μž…μžλ‘œ λ°”κΎΈλŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:00
so you're reducing the quality of your data.
149
420628
2287
κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 자료의 μ§ˆμ„ λ–¨μ–΄λœ¨λ¦¬κ³  μžˆλŠ”κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:02
And if I didn't tell you what to look for, you'd still see the face,
150
422939
3229
μ œκ°€ λ§Œμ•½ 무엇을 μ°Ύμ•„μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” 지 λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ”λΌλ„ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ—¬μ „νžˆ 얼꡴을 보셨을 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:06
because we're programmed by evolution to see faces.
151
426192
2429
μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 얼꡴을 보도둝 μ§„ν™”ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:08
Faces are important for us socially.
152
428645
2151
얼꡴은 μ‚¬νšŒμ μœΌλ‘œ μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
And of course, happy faces, faces of all kinds are easy to see.
153
430820
3468
λ¬Όλ‘  ν–‰λ³΅ν•œ 얼꡴듀은 λ”μš± κ·Έλ ‡μ£ .
μ˜¨κ°– μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 얼꡴은 λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κΈ° μ‰½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:14
You see the happy face on Mars, there.
154
434312
1896
(μ›ƒμŒ)
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ ν™”μ„±μ—μ„œ ν–‰λ³΅ν•œ 얼꡴을 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:16
(Laughter)
155
436232
1151
07:17
If astronomers were frogs, perhaps they'd see Kermit the Frog.
156
437407
2913
μ²œλ¬Έν•™μžκ°€ κ°œκ΅¬λ¦¬μ˜€λ‹€λ©΄, 그듀은 μ•„λ§ˆ 컀밋(μ—­μ£Ό: 유λͺ… 개ꡬ리 캐릭터)λ₯Ό 봀을 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:20
Do you see him there? Little froggy legs.
157
440344
1953
λ³΄μ΄μ„Έμš”?
07:22
Or if geologists were elephants?
158
442688
2195
μž‘μ€ 개ꡬ리 닀리.
ν˜Ήμ€ μ§€μ§ˆν•™μžλ“€μ΄ 코끼리라면?
07:25
Religious iconography.
159
445736
3240
쒅ꡐ적 λ„μƒν™”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:29
(Laughter)
160
449000
2801
(μ›ƒμŒ)
07:31
Discovered by a Tennessee baker in 1996.
161
451825
2151
1996년에 Tennessee주의 μ œλΉ΅μ‚¬κ°€ λ°œκ²¬ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:34
He charged five bucks a head to come see the nun bun
162
454000
2477
κ·ΈλŠ” ν…Œλ ˆμ‚¬ μˆ˜λ…€μ˜ λ³€ν˜ΈμΈμ—κ²Œ 정지λͺ…령을 받을 λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€
07:36
till he got a cease-and-desist from Mother Teresa's lawyer.
163
456501
3713
μˆ˜λ…€λͺ¨μ–‘μ˜ 빡을 보러 μ˜€λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 5λ‹¬λŸ¬μ”© λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:40
Here's Our Lady of Guadalupe and Our Lady of Watsonville, just down the street,
164
460238
3738
μ—¬κΈ° κΈΈμ—μ„œ μ’€ λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ κ³Όλ‹¬λ£¨νŽ˜μ˜ μ„±λͺ¨μ™€ μ™“μŠ¨λΉŒμ˜ μ„±λͺ¨κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:44
or is it up the street from here?
165
464000
1604
μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 보면 μ’€ κ°€κΉλ‚˜μš”?
07:45
Tree bark is particularly good because it's nice and grainy, branchy,
166
465628
3348
λ‚˜λ¬΄κ»μ§ˆμ€ λ©‹μ§€κ²Œ κ±°μΉ κ³ , 가지가 우거쑌고
07:49
black-and-white splotchy and you can get the pattern-seeking --
167
469000
3000
ν‘λ°±μ˜ 얼룩이 있고 또 νŒ¨ν„΄μ„ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ 특히 μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:52
humans are pattern-seeking animals.
168
472024
1952
인간은 νŒ¨ν„΄μ„ μ°ΎλŠ” λ™λ¬Όμ΄κ±°λ“ μš”.
07:54
Here's the Virgin Mary on the side of a glass window in Sao Paulo.
169
474000
3563
μ—¬κΈ° μƒνŒŒμšΈλ‘œμ˜ μœ λ¦¬μ°½μ— 동정녀 λ§ˆλ¦¬μ•„κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:57
Here's when the Virgin Mary made her appearance on a cheese sandwich --
170
477587
3414
자, μ—¬κΈ΄ 치즈 μƒŒλ“œμœ„μΉ˜ μœ„μ—μ„œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ„€μš”. -
μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ œκ°€ λΌμŠ€λ² κ°€μŠ€μ˜ ν•œ μΉ΄μ§€λ…Έμ—μ„œ 직접 λ§Œμ Έλ³΄κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:01
which I got to actually hold in a Las Vegas casino --
171
481025
2490
08:03
of course, this being America.
172
483539
1537
λ―Έκ΅­μ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
08:05
(Laughter)
173
485100
1525
(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:06
This casino paid $28,500 on eBay for the cheese sandwich.
174
486649
4327
μΉ΄μ§€λ…ΈλŠ” 치즈 μƒŒλ“œμœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό 사기 μœ„ν•΄ μ˜¨λΌμΈκ²½λ§€μ—μ„œ 28,500λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό μ§€λΆˆν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:11
(Laughter)
175
491000
1976
(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:13
But who does it really look like? The Virgin Mary?
176
493000
2381
근데 μ§„μ§œ λˆ„κ΅¬μ²˜λŸΌ λ³΄μ΄λ‚˜μš”, 동정녀 λ§ˆλ¦¬μ•„?
08:15
(Laughter)
177
495405
1979
(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:17
It has that sort of puckered lips, 1940s-era look.
178
497408
3865
1940λ…„λŒ€ 처럼, μ˜€λ―€λ¦° μž…μˆ μ„ 가지고 μžˆκ΅°μš”.
08:21
Virgin Mary in Clearwater, Florida.
179
501297
1679
Clearwater, Florida에 μžˆλŠ” 동정녀 λ§ˆλ¦¬μ•„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:23
I actually went to see this one.
180
503000
1976
이것을 보러 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ°€λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:25
There was a lot of people there.
181
505000
1834
μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ§Žμ•˜λŠ”λ° - 신념에 μ°¬ 이듀은
08:26
The faithful come in their wheelchairs and crutches, and so on.
182
506858
4652
νœ μ²΄μ–΄λ₯Ό νƒ€κ±°λ‚˜ λͺ©λ°œμ„ μ§šκ³ λΌλ„ μ™”μ£ .
08:31
We went down and investigated.
183
511534
1861
우린 λ‚΄λ €κ°€μ„œ μ‘°μ‚¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:33
Just to give you a size, that's Dawkins, me and The Amazing Randi,
184
513419
3173
크기λ₯Ό κ°€λŠ ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”. 이게 Dawkins(λ¦¬μ²˜λ“œ λ„ν‚¨μŠ€), μ € 그리고 Randi(μ œμž„μŠ€ λžœλ””)μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:36
next to this two, two and a half story-sized image.
185
516616
2413
이 λ‘˜ μ˜†μ— 2.5λ°°λ§Œν•œ μ΄λ―Έμ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:39
All these candles, thousands of candles people had lit in tribute to this.
186
519053
3502
이 λͺ¨λ“  μ΄›λΆˆλ“€, 수천 개의 μ΄›λΆˆλ“€μ΄ 경의λ₯Ό ν‘œν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ°ν˜€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:42
So we walked around the backside, to see what was going on.
187
522579
2805
μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•ŒκΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 우린 λ’€λ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:45
It turns out wherever there's a sprinkler head and a palm tree,
188
525408
3331
μ•Œκ³ λ³΄λ‹ˆ μŠ€ν”„λ§ν΄λŸ¬μ™€ μ•Όμžλ‚˜λ¬΄κ°€ μžˆλŠ” 곳이라면
08:48
you get the effect.
189
528763
1213
μ–΄λ””μ„œλ‚˜ 효과λ₯Ό 보싀 수 μžˆλ”κ΅°μš”.
08:50
Here's the Virgin Mary on the backside, which they started to wipe off.
190
530000
3381
μ—¬κΈ° μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 닦아내기 μ‹œμž‘ν•œ 동정녀 λ§ˆλ¦¬μ•„μ˜ 뒷면이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:53
I guess you can only have one miracle per building.
191
533405
2571
λΉŒλ”©λ§ˆλ‹€ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 기적만 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ„ λ“― ν•˜μ£ .
08:56
(Laughter)
192
536000
3333
(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:59
So is it really a miracle of Mary, or is it a miracle of Marge?
193
539357
3679
이게 정말 λ§ˆλ¦¬μ•„μ˜ κΈ°μ μΌκΉŒμš”, μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ λ§ˆμ§€μ‹¬μŠ¨μ˜ κΈ°μ μΌκΉŒμš”?
09:03
(Laughter)
194
543060
1001
(μ›ƒμŒ)
09:04
And now I'm going to finish up with another example of this,
195
544085
3603
μ˜€λ””μ˜€λ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 예 ν•˜λ‚˜λ§Œ 더 λ“€κ³  λ§ˆμΉ˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:07
with auditory illusions.
196
547712
2777
- ν™˜μ²­μΈλ°μš”.
09:10
There's this film, "White Noise," with Michael Keaton,
197
550513
2526
White Noiseμ΄λΌλŠ” μ˜ν™”κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
Michael Keaton이 μ£Όμ—°ν–ˆλŠ”λ° 죽은 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ 말을 κ±°λŠ” λ‚΄μš©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:13
about the dead talking back to us.
198
553063
2534
09:15
By the way, the whole business of talking to the dead is not that big a deal.
199
555621
3665
μ—¬λ‹΄μ΄μ§€λ§Œ, 죽은 μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ 말을 κ±΄λ„€λŠ”κ±΄ 별 κ±° μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ°ν˜€μ‘Œμ£ .
09:19
Anybody can do it, turns out.
200
559310
1485
09:20
It's getting the dead to talk back that's the really hard part.
201
560819
3088
죽은 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ λ‹€μ‹œ 말을 건넀도둝 ν•˜λŠ”κ²Œ μ§„μ§œ μ–΄λ €μš΄ 일이죠.
(μ›ƒμŒ)
09:23
(Laughter)
202
563931
1098
이 κ²½μš°λŠ” μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ μ „μžκΈ°μ  ν˜„μƒμ†μ— 이런 메세지듀이 숨겨져 μžˆλŠ” 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:25
In this case, supposedly, these messages are hidden in electronic phenomena.
203
565053
3782
09:28
There's a ReverseSpeech.com web page where I downloaded this stuff.
204
568859
3285
이건 ReverseSpeech.comμ—μ„œ λ‹€μš΄λ‘œλ“œ λ°›μ•˜λŠ”λ°μš”.
09:32
This is the most famous one of all of these.
205
572168
3151
이게 μΌλ°˜μž¬μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. - 이런 것듀쀑에 κ°€μž₯ 유λͺ…ν•œ 경우죠.
09:35
Here's the forward version of the very famous song.
206
575343
2801
μ—¬κΈ° 맀우 유λͺ…ν•œ λ…Έλž˜λ₯Ό μΌλ°˜μž¬μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν‹€μ–΄λ³Όκ»˜μš”.
09:38
(Music with lyrics)
207
578168
1071
09:39
If there's a bustle in your hedgerow don't be alarmed now.
208
579263
5158
09:45
It's just a spring clean for the May Queen.
209
585089
3795
09:50
Yes, there are two paths you can go by, but in the long run,
210
590764
4987
09:56
There's still time to change the road you're on.
211
596870
3564
10:01
(Music ends)
212
601514
1580
10:03
Couldn't you just listen to that all day?
213
603733
2611
μš°μ™€, ν•˜λ£¨μ’…μΌ 이걸 λ“£κ³  있으면 μ’‹κ² μ£ ?
(μ›ƒμŒ)
10:06
All right, here it is backwards,
214
606368
1607
자. μ—¬κΈ° λ’€λ‘œ μž¬μƒν•œ κ±°μ—μš”
10:07
and see if you can hear the hidden messages that are supposedly in there.
215
607999
4030
왠지 μžˆμ„ 것 같은 μˆ¨κ²¨μ§„ 메세지λ₯Ό 듀을 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ ν•œ 번 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
10:12
(Music with unintelligible lyrics)
216
612513
6778
10:26
(Lyrics) Satan!
217
626450
1294
10:27
(Unintelligible lyrics continue)
218
627768
6477
10:41
What did you get? Audience: Satan!
219
641934
1620
뭘 λ“€μœΌμ…¨μ£ ?
10:43
Satan. OK, at least we got "Satan".
220
643578
1712
(청쀑: 사탄)
10:45
Now, I'll prime the auditory part of your brain
221
645314
2302
μ‚¬νƒ„μ΄μš”? μ’‹μ•„μš”. 적어도 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 사탄을 λ“€μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
10:47
to tell you what you're supposed to hear, and then hear it again.
222
647640
3437
이제 μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ λ“£κ²Œ 될 것에 λŒ€ν•΄
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 청각을 λ‹΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” λ‘λ‡Œμ˜μ—­μ„ 미리 μ€€λΉ„μ‹œμΌœλ†“κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μ‹œ λ“€μ–΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
10:51
(Music with lyrics)
223
651101
3801
11:17
(Music ends)
224
677673
1086
11:18
(Laughter)
225
678783
1207
(μ›ƒμŒ)
11:20
(Applause)
226
680014
6389
(λ°•μˆ˜)
11:26
You can't miss it when I tell you what's there.
227
686427
2549
뭐가 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λ§μ”€λ“œλ Έμ„ λ•Œ, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ κ·Έκ±Έ 놓칠 μˆ˜κ°€ μ—†μ£ .
11:29
(Laughter)
228
689000
3250
(μ›ƒμŒ)
11:32
I'm going to just end with a positive, nice little story.
229
692274
4035
μ’‹μ•„μš”, 긍정적이고, 멋진 짧은 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‘œ λ§ˆμΉ˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
SkepticsλŠ” λΉ„μ˜λ¦¬μ  κ΅μœ‘λ‹¨μ²΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:36
The Skeptics is a nonprofit educational organization.
230
696333
2845
11:39
We're always looking for little good things that people do.
231
699202
2820
우린 늘 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ ν•˜λŠ” μž‘κ³  쒋은 일을 μ°Ύκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:42
And in England, there's a pop singer.
232
702046
2009
μ˜κ΅­μ— ν•œ νŒκ°€μˆ˜κ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ°.
11:44
One of the top popular singers in England today, Katie Melua.
233
704079
3745
μš”μƒˆ μ˜κ΅­μ—μ„œ 맀우 유λͺ…ν•œ Katie Meluaμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:47
And she wrote a beautiful song.
234
707848
1528
κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ 곑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό 썼죠.
11:49
It was in the top five in 2005, called, "Nine Million Bicycles in Beijing."
235
709400
5576
"Nine Million Bicycles in Beijing"이라고 2005년에 μƒμœ„ 5μœ„μ•ˆμ— λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:55
It's a love story -- she's sort of the Norah Jones of the UK --
236
715000
3096
μ‚¬λž‘μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μΈλ° - 영ꡭ의 Norah Jones같은 κ°€μˆ˜μ£  -
11:58
about how she much loves her guy,
237
718120
1621
κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μžμ‹ μ˜ λ‚¨μžλ₯Ό μ‚¬λž‘ν•˜λŠ”μ§€
11:59
and compared to nine million bicycles, and so forth.
238
719765
2476
900λ§ŒλŒ€μ˜ μžμ „κ±°μ— λΉ„κ΅ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
12:02
And she has this one passage here.
239
722265
2225
그리고 μ—¬κΈ° λ…Έλž˜μ˜ ν•œ ꡬ절이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:04
(Music)
240
724514
1036
12:05
(Lyrics) We are 12 billion light-years from the edge
241
725574
5771
β™« 우린 λμ—μ„œλΆ€ν„° 120μ–΅ κ΄‘λ…„ λ–¨μ–΄μ Έμžˆμ–΄μš” β™«
β™« 그건 좔츑일 λΏμ΄μ—μš” β™«
12:11
That's a guess,
242
731369
2325
12:13
No one can ever say it's true,
243
733718
3711
β™« λˆ„κ΅¬λ„ 사싀이라고 말 ν• μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μ–΄μš” β™«
12:17
But I know that I will always be with you.
244
737453
4603
β™« ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‚œ μ–Έμ œλ‚˜ λ‹Ήμ‹ κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜λΌλŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œμ•„μš” β™«
λ©‹μžˆμ£ .
12:22
Michael Shermer: Well, that's nice. At least she got it close.
245
742731
2965
적어도 κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ·Όμ ‘ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
12:25
In America it'd be, "We're 6,000 light years from the edge."
246
745720
2923
λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œλΌλ©΄, β€œμš°λ¦¬λŠ” 6μ²œκ΄‘λ…„ λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μžˆμ–΄μš”β€κ°€ 됐을 κ±°μ—μš”.
12:28
(Laughter)
247
748667
1036
(μ›ƒμŒ)
12:29
But my friend, Simon Singh, the particle physicist now turned science educator,
248
749727
3769
그런데 μž…μžλ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžμ˜€λ‹€κ°€ μ§€κΈˆμ€ κ³Όν•™κ΅μœ‘μžκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
12:33
who wrote the book "The Big Bang," and so on,
249
753520
2127
"The Big Bang,"λ“±μ˜ 책을 μ“΄ Simon Singh μ΄λΌλŠ” 제 μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:35
uses every chance he gets to promote good science.
250
755671
2405
κ·ΈλŠ” κΈ°νšŒκ°€ λ‚ λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 된 과학을 ν™λ³΄ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•˜μ£ .
12:38
And so he wrote an op-ed piece in "The Guardian" about Katie's song,
251
758100
3286
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 가디언지에 Katie의 λ…Έλž˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μΉΌλŸΌμ„ μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:41
in which he said, well, we know exactly how far from the edge.
252
761410
5036
μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 사싀 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 우주의 λμ—μ„œ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ •ν™•νžˆ μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:46
You know, it's 13.7 billion light years, and it's not a guess.
253
766470
3818
120, κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ 137μ–΅κ΄‘λ…„ μ •λ„μ—μš”. 그리고 이건 좔츑이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:50
We know within precise error bars how close it is.
254
770312
4264
μ •ν™•ν•œ μ—λŸ¬λ°” λ²”μœ„ λ‚΄μ—μ„œ 거리λ₯Ό μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
12:54
So we can say, although not absolutely true, it's pretty close to being true.
255
774600
3810
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, μ™„μ „νžˆ μ •ν™•ν•œ 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλ„, κ·Έ λ…Έλž˜κ°€ κ½€ 사싀에 가깝닀고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:58
And, to his credit, Katie called him up after this op-ed piece came out, and said,
256
778434
4739
그리고 κ·Έ λ‚΄μš©μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬, KatieλŠ” ν•΄λ‹Ή 글이 λ‚˜μ˜¨ ν›„
κ·Έμ—κ²Œ μ „ν™”λ₯Ό κ±Έμ–΄ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ„ˆλ¬΄ λΆ€λ„λŸ¬μ›Œμš”.
13:03
"I'm so embarrassed. I was in the astronomy club.
257
783197
2371
저도 μ²œλ¬Έν•™ν΄λŸ½ νšŒμ›μ΄μ—ˆλŠ”λ°, 더 잘 ν–ˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν–ˆλ„€μš”.”
13:05
I should've known better."
258
785592
1278
13:06
And she re-cut the song.
259
786894
1222
그리고 κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ…Έλž˜λ₯Ό μž¬νŽΈμ§‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:08
So I will end with the new version.
260
788140
1848
κ·Έ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λ²„μ ΌμœΌλ‘œ λ“€λ €λ“œλ¦¬λ©° λ§ˆμΉ˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:10
(Music with lyrics)
261
790012
1264
β™« 우린 137μ–΅κ΄‘λ…„ λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μžˆμ–΄μš” β™«
13:11
We are 13.7 billion light years
262
791300
2421
13:13
from the edge of the observable universe.
263
793745
3491
β™« κ΄€μΈ‘κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 우주의 λμ—μ„œλΆ€ν„°μš” β™«
β™« 잘 μ •μ˜λœ μ—λŸ¬λ°”μ™€ β™«
13:17
That's a good estimate with well-defined error bars.
264
797260
3769
β™« κ°€μš©ν•œ 정보λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ ν•œ μ–‘μ§ˆμ˜ 좔산이죠 β™«
13:21
And with the available information,
265
801053
3152
β™« λ‚œ μ–Έμ œλ‚˜ λ‹Ήμ‹ κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜μΌκ±°λΌκ³  μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν•΄μš” β™«
13:24
I predict that I will always be with you.
266
804229
4343
13:28
(Laughter)
267
808596
1157
(λ°•μˆ˜)
13:29
How cool is that?
268
809777
1168
μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ©‹μ§‘λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
13:30
(Applause)
269
810969
2031
(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7