It's not fair having 12 pairs of legs | Aimee Mullins
エミー・マランスと12組の足
1,156,785 views ・ 2009-03-11
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翻訳: Atsuko Saso
校正: Emily Sakata
00:12
I was speaking to a group of about 300 kids,
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子ども博物館で6~8才の
00:15
ages six to eight, at a children's museum,
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子供300人と話す機会があって
00:17
and I brought with me a bag full of legs,
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ここにあるような義足を
00:21
similar to the kinds of things you see up here,
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カバンいっぱい持って行き
00:23
and had them laid out on a table for the kids.
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机の上に並べたの
00:25
And, from my experience, you know, kids are naturally curious
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子供は本来見知らぬものや
00:29
about what they don't know, or don't understand,
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異質なものに対して
00:31
or is foreign to them.
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好奇心旺盛
00:33
They only learn to be frightened of those differences
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大人が恐怖心を植えつけたり
00:35
when an adult influences them to behave that way,
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失礼がないようにと
00:38
and maybe censors that natural curiosity,
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子供の好奇心を押さえ込んだり
00:41
or you know, reins in the question-asking
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質問を遮ったりするから
00:44
in the hopes of them being polite little kids.
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子供は異質なものを恐れてしまう
00:46
So I just pictured a first grade teacher out in the lobby
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実際先生がはしゃぐ子供たちに言ったわ
00:50
with these unruly kids, saying, "Now, whatever you do,
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「間違ってもエミーさんの足を」
00:53
don't stare at her legs."
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「じろじろ見ないこと」
00:55
But, of course, that's the point.
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でも大切なのはそこ
00:57
That's why I was there, I wanted to invite them to look and explore.
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義足に触れてもらうのが目的
01:00
So I made a deal with the adults
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そこで私は先生にこう持ちかけた
01:04
that the kids could come in without any adults for two minutes
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「2分間だけ子供たちと話がしたい」
01:07
on their own.
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「大人抜きで」
01:09
The doors open, the kids descend on this table of legs,
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扉が開き、子供たちは義足に群がった
01:13
and they are poking and prodding, and they're wiggling toes,
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つついたり、つま先を動かしたり
01:16
and they're trying to put their full weight on the sprinting leg
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短距離走用の義足に
01:18
to see what happens with that.
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全体重をかけてみたり
01:20
And I said, "Kids, really quickly --
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私は尋ねた「今朝ふと思ったの」
01:22
I woke up this morning, I decided I wanted to be able to jump over a house --
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「家を跳び越えてみたいって」
01:26
nothing too big, two or three stories --
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「2、3階建ての家よ」
01:28
but, if you could think of any animal, any superhero, any cartoon character,
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「動物、スーパーヒーロー、アニメキャラ」
01:33
anything you can dream up right now,
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「何でもいいの」
01:35
what kind of legs would you build me?"
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「どんな足なら跳べるかしら」
01:37
And immediately a voice shouted, "Kangaroo!"
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「カンガルー!」と誰かが叫んだ
01:40
"No, no, no! Should be a frog!"
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「だめだめ!カエル!」
01:42
"No. It should be Go Go Gadget!"
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「ガジェット警部がいいよ!」
01:44
"No, no, no! It should be the Incredibles."
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「ちがうよ!Mr.インクレディブルだよ!」
01:46
And other things that I don't -- aren't familiar with.
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私が聞いたことのないものまで
01:49
And then, one eight-year-old said,
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すると8才の子が
01:51
"Hey, why wouldn't you want to fly too?"
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「ねえ、空を飛びたいとは思わないの?」
01:56
And the whole room, including me, was like, "Yeah."
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みんな口をそろえて言ったわ「もちろん!」
01:59
(Laughter)
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(笑)
02:01
And just like that, I went from being a woman
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しつけられた子供の目には
02:04
that these kids would have been trained to see as "disabled"
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障害者として映ったであろう私は
02:08
to somebody that had potential that their bodies didn't have yet.
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今や未知の可能性を秘めた体の持ち主
02:13
Somebody that might even be super-abled.
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超人にだってなれる
02:15
Interesting.
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おもしろいでしょ
02:17
So some of you actually saw me at TED, 11 years ago.
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私は11年前もこの場に立ちました
02:22
And there's been a lot of talk about how life-changing this conference is
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TEDで人生が変わったという声を
02:26
for both speakers and attendees, and I am no exception.
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何度も耳にしますが、私もそのひとり
02:30
TED literally was the launch pad to the next decade of my life's exploration.
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TEDはその後の人生探求の出発点だった
02:36
At the time, the legs I presented were groundbreaking in prosthetics.
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その時紹介したのが当時画期的とされた義足
02:41
I had woven carbon fiber sprinting legs
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チーターの後肢をモデルに
02:43
modeled after the hind leg of a cheetah,
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炭素繊維で作った
02:45
which you may have seen on stage yesterday.
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短距離走用の義足です
02:47
And also these very life-like, intrinsically painted silicone legs.
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そしてこの本物さながらのシリコンの足
02:53
So at the time, it was my opportunity to put a call out
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従来の医療の枠を越えて
02:57
to innovators outside the traditional medical prosthetic community
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革新者を集め、科学と技術を駆使した
03:01
to come bring their talent to the science and to the art
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義足作りを目指した
03:05
of building legs.
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形、機能、美の価値を
03:07
So that we can stop compartmentalizing form, function and aesthetic,
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別々に追求するのをやめるには
03:12
and assigning them different values.
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いいチャンス
03:14
Well, lucky for me, a lot of people answered that call.
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幸い多くの人が賛同してくれて
03:18
And the journey started, funny enough, with a TED conference attendee --
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TED参加者のチー・パールマンを知ったのもこの頃
03:23
Chee Pearlman, who hopefully is in the audience somewhere today.
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今日も会場にいるはずよ
03:26
She was the editor then of a magazine called ID,
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チーは当時『ID』誌の編集者で
03:29
and she gave me a cover story.
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トップ記事で私を紹介してくれた
03:32
This started an incredible journey.
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これが大きなきっかけとなり
03:35
Curious encounters were happening to me at the time;
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心躍る出会いが次々と生まれた
03:37
I'd been accepting numerous invitations to speak
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チーター義足のデザインについて
03:40
on the design of the cheetah legs around the world.
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世界中から講演依頼が殺到
03:43
And people would come up to me after the conference, after my talk,
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講演の後は男性も女性も
03:46
men and women.
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みんな集まってきた
03:48
And the conversation would go something like this,
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そしてこんな風に言われるの
03:50
"You know Aimee, you're very attractive.
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「エミー 、すごく魅力的だよ」
03:54
You don't look disabled."
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「とても身体障害者に見えない」
03:56
(Laughter)
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私だって
03:57
I thought, "Well, that's amazing,
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そんな風に感じたことないわ
03:59
because I don't feel disabled."
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と心の中で思いながら
04:01
And it really opened my eyes to this conversation
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だけどこの会話で、美しさには探求の余地があることを
04:06
that could be explored, about beauty.
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気づかされました
04:08
What does a beautiful woman have to look like?
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美しい女性ってどんな姿?
04:11
What is a sexy body?
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魅力的な体って?
04:13
And interestingly, from an identity standpoint,
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アイデンティティという視点から
04:15
what does it mean to have a disability?
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障害を持つことにはどんな意味がある?
04:18
I mean, people -- Pamela Anderson has more prosthetic in her body than I do.
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パメラ・アンダーソンの体は人工的でも
04:21
Nobody calls her disabled.
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障害者とは呼ばれないでしょ
04:23
(Laughter)
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(笑)
04:29
So this magazine, through the hands of graphic designer Peter Saville,
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『ID』の記事はグラフィックデザイナーのピーター・サヴィルから
04:33
went to fashion designer Alexander McQueen, and photographer Nick Knight,
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ファッションデザイナーのアレキサンダー・マックイーンと
04:38
who were also interested in exploring that conversation.
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写真家のニック・ナイトに渡った
04:40
So, three months after TED I found myself on a plane
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TEDの3ヶ月後、初のモデル撮影を
04:43
to London, doing my first fashion shoot,
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ロンドンで行いました
04:48
which resulted in this cover --
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それがこの表紙
04:49
"Fashion-able"?
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見出しは「ファッション化?」
04:52
Three months after that, I did my first runway show for Alexander McQueen
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3ヶ月後にはマックイーンのショーでモデルを務め
04:56
on a pair of hand-carved wooden legs made from solid ash.
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トネリコ製の手彫りの義足を履いたら
05:01
Nobody knew -- everyone thought they were wooden boots.
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観客は木のブーツだと勘違い
05:04
Actually, I have them on stage with me:
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これが実物です
05:07
grapevines, magnolias -- truly stunning.
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ブドウのつるとモクレンの見事な美
05:12
Poetry matters.
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詩も大切よ
05:15
Poetry is what elevates the banal and neglected object
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詩は平凡でなおざりになったものを
05:20
to a realm of art.
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芸術に変える
05:22
It can transform the thing that might have made people fearful
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詩は人々が恐れていたものを
05:28
into something that invites them to look,
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興味深くし
05:30
and look a little longer,
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もう少しだけ見てみたい
05:33
and maybe even understand.
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理解したいものに変える
05:35
I learned this firsthand with my next adventure.
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マシュー・バーニーの「クレマスター・サイクル」が
05:39
The artist Matthew Barney, in his film opus called the "The Cremaster Cycle."
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私にそのことを教えてくれた
05:43
This is where it really hit home for me --
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私の義足は履く彫刻なのだと
05:46
that my legs could be wearable sculpture.
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心から痛感した
05:48
And even at this point, I started to move away from the need to replicate human-ness
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そのとき私は人間らしさの復元だけに美の理想を見出す視点から
05:55
as the only aesthetic ideal.
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解放されつつありました
05:57
So we made what people lovingly referred to as glass legs
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「ガラスの脚」として親しまれた義足は
06:01
even though they're actually optically clear polyurethane,
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実はボーリング玉の素材と同じ
06:05
a.k.a. bowling ball material.
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透明なポリウレタン製
06:07
Heavy!
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重いのよ!
06:08
Then we made these legs that are cast in soil
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これは土の中で鋳造した義足
06:10
with a potato root system growing in them, and beetroots out the top,
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ジャガイモとテンサイが根を張ってるわ
06:14
and a very lovely brass toe.
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つま先は真ちゅう
06:16
That's a good close-up of that one.
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これが拡大画像
06:18
Then another character was a half-woman, half-cheetah --
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次は上半身が女性、下半身がチーター
06:20
a little homage to my life as an athlete.
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アスリート人生への感謝の印
06:22
14 hours of prosthetic make-up
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特殊メイクに14時間かけ
06:25
to get into a creature that had articulated paws,
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本格的な足や爪としなやかな尻尾を持つ
06:29
claws and a tail that whipped around,
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生き物になりきりました
06:33
like a gecko.
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ヤモリみたいに
06:35
(Laughter)
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(笑)
06:37
And then another pair of legs we collaborated on were these --
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もう一つ共同制作したのがこちら
06:41
look like jellyfish legs,
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クラゲの足のよう
06:43
also polyurethane.
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これもポリウレタンです
06:45
And the only purpose that these legs can serve,
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映画以外での
06:48
outside the context of the film,
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この足の使い道は
06:51
is to provoke the senses and ignite the imagination.
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感覚に訴え想像力を刺激すること
06:54
So whimsy matters.
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奇抜さも大事よ
06:57
Today, I have over a dozen pair of prosthetic legs
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私は義足を12足以上持ってます
07:03
that various people have made for me,
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多くの人が手がけ
07:05
and with them I have different negotiations of the terrain under my feet,
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それぞれが違った感覚を足もとに与えてくれる
07:09
and I can change my height --
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身長だって変えられる
07:11
I have a variable of five different heights.
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私の身長は5種類
07:13
(Laughter)
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(笑)
07:15
Today, I'm 6'1".
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今日は185cm
07:17
And I had these legs made a little over a year ago
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1年前、英国ドーセット州の整形外科で
07:20
at Dorset Orthopedic in England
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作ってもらったものを
07:22
and when I brought them home to Manhattan,
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マンハッタンに持ち帰り
07:24
my first night out on the town, I went to a very fancy party.
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パーティーに行った時のこと
07:26
And a girl was there who has known me for years
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普段173cmの私を知る
07:29
at my normal 5'8".
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長年の友人が
07:31
Her mouth dropped open when she saw me,
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私を見てビックリ
07:33
and she went, "But you're so tall!"
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「すごい背が高いじゃない!」
07:36
And I said, "I know. Isn't it fun?"
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私はすかさず「ねぇ!面白いでしょ?」
07:38
I mean, it's a little bit like wearing stilts on stilts,
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竹馬に竹馬で乗る感覚よ
07:40
but I have an entirely new relationship to door jams
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想定外だったのは
07:43
that I never expected I would ever have.
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ドア枠に頭を打ってしまうこと
07:45
And I was having fun with it.
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それすらも楽しかった
07:48
And she looked at me,
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しかも友人が言うの
07:50
and she said, "But, Aimee, that's not fair."
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「でも、エミーそんなのずるいわ」
07:52
(Laughter)
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(笑)
07:55
(Applause)
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(拍手)
07:57
And the incredible thing was she really meant it.
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ウソみたいだけど友人は本気だった
08:01
It's not fair that you can change your height,
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自由に身長を変えられるなんて
08:03
as you want it.
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ずるいでしょ
08:05
And that's when I knew --
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その瞬間――
08:07
that's when I knew that the conversation with society
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社会の反応がこの10年で
08:10
has changed profoundly
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大きく変わったと
08:12
in this last decade.
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実感した
08:14
It is no longer a conversation about overcoming deficiency.
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もはやハンディは克服するものではなく
08:19
It's a conversation about augmentation.
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プラスに増幅していくもの
08:21
It's a conversation about potential.
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社会は可能性に溢れている
08:25
A prosthetic limb doesn't represent the need to replace loss anymore.
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義肢はもはや失ったものを補うのではない
08:30
It can stand as a symbol that the wearer
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新たに生まれた空間に
08:33
has the power to create whatever it is that they want to create
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装着者が自由な創作を実現する
08:36
in that space.
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力の象徴
08:38
So people that society once considered to be disabled
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身体障害者とされてきた人々は
08:41
can now become the architects of their own identities
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今や自分の個性を演出できるんです
08:46
and indeed continue to change those identities
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自分が秘めた可能性を信じ
08:48
by designing their bodies
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身体をデザインすることにより
08:50
from a place of empowerment.
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新たな個性を生み出し続ける
08:53
And what is exciting to me so much right now
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今、私が心待ちにしているのが
08:58
is that by combining cutting-edge technology --
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ロボットやバイオニクスなどの最先端技術と
09:02
robotics, bionics --
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昔からある詩を
09:04
with the age-old poetry,
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組み合わせることで
09:06
we are moving closer to understanding our collective humanity.
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私たちが人類全体の人間らしさを理解し始めていること
09:12
I think that if we want to discover the full potential
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私たちが持つ人間らしさに最大の可能性を
09:17
in our humanity,
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見出したければ
09:19
we need to celebrate those heartbreaking strengths
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誰もが持っているすばらしい長所や
09:23
and those glorious disabilities that we all have.
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偉大な欠陥を褒め称える必要があります
09:26
I think of Shakespeare's Shylock:
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『ヴェニスの商人』でシャイロックが言ってるでしょ
09:29
"If you prick us, do we not bleed,
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「針で刺せば血が出る」
09:33
and if you tickle us, do we not laugh?"
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「くすぐられれば笑いもする」
09:36
It is our humanity,
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それが私たちの人間らしさであり
09:39
and all the potential within it,
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そこに潜むすべての可能性が
09:41
that makes us beautiful.
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私たちを美しくするのです
09:44
Thank you.
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ありがとうございました
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