Sonaar Luthra: Meet the Water Canary

24,310 views ใƒป 2012-01-16

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Oren Szekatch
00:15
Cholera was reported in Haiti
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ื“ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœืจื” ื‘ื”ืื™ื˜ื™
00:17
for the first time in over 50 years
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื”
00:19
last October.
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ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืขื‘ืจ.
00:21
There was no way to predict
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ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ืจืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืช
00:23
how far it would spread through water supplies
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ื›ืžื” ืจื—ื•ืง ื”ื™ื ืชืชืคืฉื˜ ื“ืจืš ืืกืคืงืช ื”ืžื™ื
00:26
and how bad the situation would get.
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ื•ื›ืžื” ื’ืจื•ืข ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื™ืขืฉื”.
00:29
And not knowing where help was needed
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ื•ืœื ืœื“ืขืช ืื™ืคื” ืขื–ืจื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื“ืจื•ืฉื”
00:31
always ensured that help was in short supply
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ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืขื–ืจื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื—ืกืจื”
00:34
in the areas that needed it most.
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ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ.
00:37
We've gotten good at predicting and preparing for storms
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ื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืœืกืขืจื•ืช
00:40
before they take innocent lives
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืœื•ืงื—ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ ื—ืคื™ื ืžืคืฉืข
00:42
and cause irreversible damage,
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ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœื ื–ืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ืคื™ืš,
00:44
but we still can't do that with water,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ืขื ืžื™ื,
00:46
and here's why.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื”.
00:48
Right now, if you want to test water in the field,
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ื›ืจื’ืข, ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื˜ื—,
00:50
you need a trained technician,
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื˜ื›ื ืื™ ืžื™ื•ืžืŸ,
00:52
expensive equipment like this,
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ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื™ืงืจ ื›ืžื• ื–ื”,
00:54
and you have to wait about a day
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ื•ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืขืจืš ื™ื•ื
00:56
for chemical reactions to take place and provide results.
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ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงืจื• ื•ื™ืกืคืงื• ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช.
00:59
It's too slow
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ื–ื” ืื™ื˜ื™ ืžื“ื™
01:01
to get a picture of conditions on the ground
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื‘ืฉื˜ื—
01:03
before they change,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื,
01:05
too expensive to implement
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ื™ืงืจ ืžื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื
01:07
in all the places that require testing.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื”.
01:09
And it ignores the fact that, in the meanwhile,
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืชืขืœื ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”, ืฉื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื,
01:11
people still need to drink water.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืžื™ื.
01:13
Most of the information that we collected on the cholera outbreak
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืืกืคื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœื™ืจื”
01:16
didn't come from testing water;
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ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžื™ื;
01:18
it came from forms like this,
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืžื˜ืคืกื™ื ื›ืžื• ื–ื”,
01:20
which documented all the people
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ืฉืชื™ืขื“ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื
01:22
we failed to help.
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ืฉืœื ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื.
01:24
Countless lives have been saved
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ื—ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืกืคื•ืจ ื ื™ืฆืœื•
01:26
by canaries in coalmines --
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืจื•ืช ืคื—ื --
01:28
a simple and invaluable way
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ื“ืจืš ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ื™ืงืจืช ืขืจืš
01:30
for miners to know whether they're safe.
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ืœื›ื•ืจื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืื ื”ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื.
01:32
I've been inspired by that simplicity as I've been working on this problem
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ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ืฉืจืื” ืžื”ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื–ื•
01:35
with some of the most hardworking and brilliant people I've ever known.
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ืขื ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื”ืžื‘ืจื™ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื”ื›ืจืชื™.
01:38
We think there's a simpler solution to this problem --
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื–ื• --
01:40
one that can be used
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ืื—ื“ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ืฉ
01:42
by people who face conditions like this everyday.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืชื ืื™ื ื›ืžื• ืืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
01:44
It's in its early stages,
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ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื,
01:46
but this is what it looks like right now.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืš ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืจื’ืข.
01:49
We call it the Water Canary.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื• ืงื ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื™ื.
01:51
It's a fast, cheap device
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ื–ื” ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ื–ื•ืœ
01:54
that answers an important question:
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ืฉืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืฉืืœื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”:
01:56
Is this water contaminated?
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ื”ืื ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื–ื•ื”ืžื™ื?
01:58
It doesn't require any special training.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื”.
02:01
And instead of waiting for chemical reactions to take place,
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ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ืžื™ืงืœื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงืจื•,
02:04
it uses light.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืื•ืจ.
02:06
That means there's no waiting
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืชื ื”
02:08
for chemical reactions to take place,
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ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ืžื™ื•ืช.
02:10
no need to use reagents that can run out
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ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ืžืจ
02:12
and no need to be an expert
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ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืžื—ื”
02:14
to get actionable information.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื™ื“ืข ื™ืขื™ืœ.
02:17
To test water, you simply insert a sample
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ื, ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ื“ื’ื™ืžื”
02:19
and, within seconds,
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ื•ืชื•ืš ืฉื ื™ื•ืช,
02:21
it either displays a red light, indicating contaminated water,
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ื–ื” ืžืฆื™ื’ ืื• ืื•ืจ ืื“ื•ื, ืฉืžืจืื” ืžื™ื ืžื–ื•ื”ืžื™ื,
02:24
or a green light, indicating the sample is safe.
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ืื• ืื•ืจ ื™ืจื•ืง, ืฉืžืจืื” ืฉื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื™ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื”.
02:26
This will make it possible
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ื–ื” ื™ืืคืฉืจ
02:28
for anyone to collect life-saving information
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ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื
02:31
and to monitor water quality conditions as they unfold.
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ื•ืœื ื˜ืจ ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช.
02:34
We're also, on top of that,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื, ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื–ื”,
02:37
integrating wireless networking
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ืžืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืจืฉืช ืืœื—ื•ื˜ื™ืช
02:40
into an affordable device
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ืœืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื”
02:42
with GPS and GSM.
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ืขื GPS ื•- GSM.
02:44
What that means is that each reading can be automatically transmitted to servers
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ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืงืจื™ืื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื“ืจืช ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ืœืฉืจืชื™ื
02:47
to be mapped in real time.
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ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืคื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช.
02:49
With enough users,
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ืขื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื,
02:51
maps like this will make it possible
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ืžืคื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืืœื” ื™ื’ืจืžื• ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžื ืข
02:53
to take preventive action,
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ืœื”ื”ืคืš ืœืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช,
02:55
containing hazards before they turn into emergencies
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ืœืžื ื•ืข ืกื›ื ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืœืžืงืจื™ ื—ืจื•ื
02:58
that take years to recover from.
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ืฉืœื•ืงื— ืฉื ื™ื ืœื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉ ืžื”ืŸ.
03:00
And then, instead of taking days
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ื•ืื–, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ื™ืงื— ื™ืžื™ื
03:02
to disseminate this information to the people who need it most,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ,
03:04
it can happen automatically.
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™.
03:07
We've seen how distributed networks,
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ืจืื™ื ื• ืื™ืš ืจืฉืชื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช,
03:09
big data and information
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ืžื™ื“ืข ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื™ื“ืข
03:11
can transform society.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.
03:13
I think it's time for us to apply them to water.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื• ืœhื™ืฉื ืืช ื–ื” ืขืœ ืžื™ื.
03:16
Our goal over the next year is to get Water Canary ready for the field
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ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ืงื ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืœืฉื˜ื—
03:18
and to open-source the hardware
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ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืœืงื•ื“ ืคืชื•ื—
03:20
so that anyone can contribute to the development and the evaluation,
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ื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืจื•ื ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืœื”ืขืจื›ื”,
03:23
so we can tackle this problem together.
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ื›ืœ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ื™ื—ื“.
03:25
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
03:27
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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