The habits of happiness | Matthieu Ricard

Prevoditelj: Ando Saina Recezent: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG

So, I guess it is a result of globalization

Pretpostavljam, kako je rezultat globalizacije da možete pronaći

that you can find Coca-Cola tins on top of Everest

limenke Coca-Cole na vrhu Everesta i budističkog svećenika u Montereyu.

and a Buddhist monk in Monterey.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And so I just came, two days ago, from the Himalayas

I tako, prije dva dana, po vašem ljubaznom pozivu došao sam sa Himalaje.

to your kind invitation.

So I would like to invite you, also, for a while, to the Himalayas themselves.

Stoga, volio bih i ja vas pozvati na Himalaju.

And to show the place where meditators, like me,

Da vam pokažem mjesto gdje meditanti, poput mene,

who began with being a molecular biologist in Pasteur Institute,

koji sam počeo kao molekularni biolog u Pasterovom institutu,

and found their way to the mountains.

i pronašao svoj put u planine.

So these are a few images I was lucky to take and be there.

Ovdje ima nekoliko fotografija koje sam srećom sinimio.

There's Mount Kailash in Eastern Tibet -- wonderful setting.

Ovo je planina Kailash u istočnom Tibetu -- prekrasan prizor.

This is from Marlboro country.

Ovo je iz države Marlboro.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

This is a turquoise lake.

Ovo je Tirkizno jezero.

A meditator.

Meditant.

This is the hottest day of the year somewhere in Eastern Tibet, on August 1.

Ovo je najtopliji dan u godini negdje u istočnom Tibetu, 01. kolovoza.

And the night before, we camped, and my Tibetan friends said,

Noć prije, kampirali smo, moji prijatelj iz Tibeta rekli su

"We are going to sleep outside."

"Spavati ćemo na otvorenom." A ja sam upitao, "Zašto? Imamo dovoljno mjesta u šatoru."

And I said, "Why? We have enough space in the tent."

Rekli su, "Da, ali ljeto je."

They said, "Yes, but it's summertime."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

So now, we are going to speak of happiness.

Sada, govoriti ćemo o sreći.

As a Frenchman, I must say

Kao francuz, moram reći da ima mnogo francuskih intelektualaca

that there are a lot of French intellectuals

koji misle kako sreća nije nimalo zanimljiva.

that think happiness is not at all interesting.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

I just wrote an essay on happiness, and there was a controversy.

Upravo sam napisao esej o sreći, i pojavila se kontroverza.

And someone wrote an article saying,

Netko je napisao članak govoreći, nemojte nam nametati taj prljavi posao sreće.

"Don't impose on us the dirty work of happiness."

(Smijeh)

(Laughter)

"We don't care about being happy. We need to live with passion.

"Nije nas briga biti sretnima. Mi trebamo živjeti stravstveno.

We like the ups and downs of life.

Mi volimo i životne uspone i padove.

We like our suffering because it's so good when it ceases for a while."

Volimo našu patnju, jer dobro je kada se nakratko posustane."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

This is what I see from the balcony of my hermitage in the Himalayas.

Ovo je ono što vidim s balkona mojeg skrovišta na Himalaji.

It's about two meters by three, and you are all welcome any time.

Veličine je dva sa tri metara, i svi ste dobrodošli.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Now, let's come to happiness or well-being.

Ajmo sada na sreću ili blagostanje.

And first of all, you know, despite what the French intellectuals say,

I prije svega, znate, usprkos tome što francuski intelektualci govore,

it seems that no one wakes up in the morning thinking,

čini se kako se nitko ujutro ne budi misleći,

"May I suffer the whole day?"

"Smijem li patiti cijeli dan?"

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Which means that somehow, consciously or not,

Što znači da na neki način -- svjesno ili ne,

directly or indirectly, in the short or the long term,

direktno ili indirektno, u kratkom ili dugom roku,

whatever we do, whatever we hope, whatever we dream --

što god da činimo, čemu god se nadamo, štogod sanjali --

nekako, povezano je uz duboku želju za blagostanjem ili srećom.

somehow, is related to a deep, profound desire for well-being or happiness.

As Pascal said, even the one who hangs himself,

Kako je Pascal rekao, čak i onaj koji se objesi,

somehow, is looking for cessation of suffering.

na neki način, teži prekidu patnje -- ne pronalazi drugi način.

He finds no other way.

But then, if you look in the literature, East and West,

Ali onda, ako pogledate u literaturu, istočnu i zapadnu,

you can find incredible diversity of definition of happiness.

možete pronaći nevjerojatnu različitost definicija sreće.

Some people say, I only believed in remembering the past,

Neki ljudi kažu, ja sam vjerovao samo u prisjećanje prošlosti,

imagining the future, never the present.

zamišljanje budućnosti, nikada sadašnjosti.

Some people say happiness is right now;

Neki ljudi kažu kako je sreća upravo sada;

it's the quality of the freshness of the present moment.

kako je to kvaliteta svježine sadašnjeg trenutka.

And that led Henri Bergson, the French philosopher, to say,

I to je navelo Henrija Bergsona, francuskog filozofa, da kaže,

"All the great thinkers of humanity have left happiness in the vague

"Svi veliki mislioci ljudskog roda ostavili su sreću nejasnom

so that each of them could define their own terms."

kako bi ju mogli definirati -- svaki po svojim uvjetima."

Well, that would be fine if it was just a secondary preoccupation in life.

Pa, to bi bilo u redu kada bi to bila samo sekundarna zaokupljenost u životu.

But now, if it is something that is going to determine

Ali sada, ako je to nešto što će odrediti

the quality of every instant of our life,

kvalitetu svakog trenutka našeg života,

then we better know what it is, have some clearer idea.

onda nam je bolje znati što je, i imati jasniju ideju o tome.

And probably, the fact that we don't know that is why, so often,

I vjerojatno, činjenica da ne znamo jest razlog, vrlo često,

although we seek happiness, it seems we turn our back to it.

iako tražimo sreću, da joj okrenemo leđa.

Although we want to avoid suffering,

Iako želimo izbjeći patnju, čini se da trčimo ka njoj.

it seems we are running somewhat towards it.

And that can also come from some kind of confusions.

Do toga može dovesti zbunjenost.

One of the most common ones is happiness and pleasure.

Jedna uobičajena je, između sreće i zadovoljstva.

But if you look at the characteristics of those two,

Ali, ako pogledate karakteristike ovih dvoje,

pleasure is contingent upon time, upon its object,

zadovoljstvo je zavisno o vremenu, objektu, mjestu.

upon the place.

It is something that -- changes of nature.

To je nešto što se po prirodi mijenja.

Beautiful chocolate cake: first serving is delicious,

Prelijepa čokoladna torta: prva porcija je odlična,

second one not so much, then we feel disgust.

druga ne baš toliko, a onda nam se gadi.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

That's the nature of things.

To je priroda stvari: umorimo se.

We get tired.

I used to be a fan of Bach.

Bio sam Bachov obožavatelj. Svirao bih ga na gitari, znate.

I used to play it on the guitar, you know.

I can hear it two, three, five times.

Mogu ga čuti dva, tri, pet puta.

If I had to hear it 24 hours, non-stop, it might be very tiring.

Kada bih ga morao slušati 24 sata, bez prestanka, moglo bi biti jako zamarajuće.

If you are feeling very cold, you come near a fire, it's so wonderful.

Ako vam je hladno, priđete vatri, i to je prelijepo.

After some moments, you just go a little back,

Onda, nakon nekoliko trenutaka, malo se odmaknete, i onda počinje peći.

and then it starts burning.

It sort of uses itself as you experience it.

Na neki način iskorištava samu sebe kako ju vi doživljavate.

And also, again, it can -- also, it's something that you --

I također, opet, može -- također, to je nešto što vi --

it is not something that is radiating outside.

nije nešto što zrači prema vani.

Like, you can feel intense pleasure

Kao, vi možete osjećati intenzivno zadovoljstvo

and some others around you can be suffering a lot.

a neki oko vas mogu patiti.

Now, what, then, will be happiness?

Sada, što je onda, sreća?

And happiness, of course, is such a vague word, so let's say well-being.

I "sreća", naravno, tako je nejasna riječ, pa recimo "blago-stanje".

And so, I think the best definition, according to the Buddhist view,

I također, mislim kako je najbolja definicija, s budističkog stajališta,

is that well-being is not just a mere pleasurable sensation.

da blagostanje nije samo zadovoljavajući osjećaj.

It is a deep sense of serenity and fulfillment.

To je duboki osjećaj spokoja i ispunjenja,

stanje koje prožima i obilježava sva emotivna stanja

A state that actually pervades

and underlies all emotional states,

and all the joys and sorrows that can come one's way.

i sve radosti i jade koje se mogu pojaviti.

For you, that might be surprising.

Za vas, to bi moglo biti iznenađujuće.

Can we have this kind of well-being while being sad?

Možemo li imati to blagostanje dok smo tužni? Pa, zašto ne?

In a way, why not?

Because we are speaking of a different level.

Zato što govorimo o različitoj razini.

Look at the waves coming near the shore.

Pogledajte ove valove koji stižu na obalu.

When you are at the bottom of the wave, you hit the bottom.

Ako ste na dnu vala, udariti ćete o dno.

You hit the solid rock.

Udariti o kamen.

When you are surfing on the top, you are all elated.

Ako daskate na vrhu, ushićeni ste.

So you go from elation to depression -- there's no depth.

Znači idete od ushićenja ka depresiji, nema dubine.

Now, if you look at the high sea,

Ako pogledate duboko more, mogao bi to biti prelijepi, mirni ocean poput zrcala.

there might be beautiful, calm ocean, like a mirror.

There might be storms,

Mogu biti oluje, ali dubina oceana je još uvijek tamo, nepromijenjena.

but the depth of the ocean is still there, unchanged.

So now, how is that?

Pa sada, kako je to moguće?

It can only be a state of being, not just a fleeting emotion, sensation.

Može biti jedino stanje duše, ne samo trepereća emocija, osjećaj.

Even joy -- that can be the spring of happiness.

Čak i radost, to može biti proljeće sreće.

But there's also wicked joy, you can rejoice in someone's suffering.

Ali postoji i zloćudna radost, možete se radovati tuđoj patnji.

So how do we proceed in our quest for happiness?

Kako nastaviti našu potragu za srećom? Često, gledamo vani.

Very often, we look outside.

We think that if we could gather this and that, all the conditions,

Mislimo da ako sakupimo ovo i ono, sve uvjete,

something that we say, "Everything to be happy --

nešto za što kažemo,"Sve kako bi bio sretan --

to have everything to be happy."

imati sve za biti sretan."

That very sentence already reveals the doom, destruction of happiness.

Ta rečenica otkriva usud uništenja sreće.

To have everything.

Imati sve. Ako nešto propustimo, sve se uruši.

If we miss something, it collapses.

And also, when things go wrong, we try to fix the outside so much,

I također, kada stvari krenu naopako pokušamo ispraviti stvar izvana,

but our control of the outer world is limited,

ali naša kontrola nad vanjskim svijetom je ograničena, privremena, i često, prividna.

temporary, and often, illusory.

So now, look at inner conditions.

Sada, pogledajmo unutarnja stanja. Nisu li ona jača?

Aren't they stronger?

Isn't it the mind that translates

Nije li um taj koji prevodi vanjska stanja u sreću i patnju?

the outer condition into happiness and suffering?

And isn't that stronger?

Nije li to jače?

We know, by experience,

Znamo kako, po iskustvu, možemo biti u "malom raju"

that we can be what we call "a little paradise,"

and yet, be completely unhappy within.

a ipak, biti nezadovoljni iznutra.

The Dalai Lama was once in Portugal,

Dalaj Lama je bio jednom u Portugalu,

and there was a lot of construction going on everywhere.

i posvuda se mnogo gradilo.

So one evening, he said, "Look, you are doing all these things,

Jedne je večeri rekao, "Gledajte, vi gradite sve te stvari,

but isn't it nice, also, to build something within?"

ali nije li lijepo, također, izgraditi i nešto iznutra?"

And he said, "[Without] that -- even if you get a high-tech flat

I rekao je, "Osim toga -- čak i ako dobiješ "high-tech" stan

on the 100th floor of a super-modern and comfortable building,

na 100-tom katu super moderne i udobne zgrade,

if you are deeply unhappy within,

ako si duboko nezadovoljan iznutra,

all you are going to look for is a window from which to jump."

sve što ćeš tražiti jest prozor s kojega ćeš se baciti."

So now, at the opposite,

Sada, s druge strane,

we know a lot of people who, in very difficult circumstances,

poznajemo mnogo ljudi koji u teškim okolnostima

manage to keep serenity, inner strength, inner freedom, confidence.

uspijevaju održati vedrinu, unutarnju snagu, unutarnju slobodu, samopouzdanje.

So now, if the inner conditions are stronger --

Sada, ako su unutarnja stanja jača --

of course, the outer conditions do influence,

naravno, vanjska stanja svakako utječu,

and it's wonderful to live longer, healthier,

prelijepo je živjeti dulje, zdravije,

to have access to information, education,

imati pristup informacijama, obrazovanju, moći putovati,

to be able to travel, to have freedom.

biti slobodan, to je jako poželjno.

It's highly desirable.

However, this is not enough.

Kako god, to nije dovoljno, to je samo dodatna pomoć, stanja.

Those are just auxiliary, help conditions.

The experience that translates everything is within the mind.

Doživljaj koji prevodi sve jest u umu.

So then, when we ask oneself

I tako, kada nekoga upitamo kako njegovati stanja za sreću,

how to nurture the condition for happiness,

the inner conditions, and which are those which will undermine happiness.

unutarnja stanja, i koja su ta koja će potkopati sreću.

So then, this just needs to have some experience.

Zato za ovo treba imati iskustva.

We have to know from ourselves, there are certain states of mind

Radi sebe moramo znati, kako postoje određena stanja uma

that are conducive to this flourishing, to this well-being,

koja su pogodna za prosperiranje, za blagostanje,

what the Greeks called eudaimonia, flourishing.

ono što su Grci zvali eudaimonia, cvjetanje.

There are some which are adverse to this well-being.

Ima nekih stanja koja su suprotna tom blagostanju.

And so, if we look from our own experience,

I tako, ako pogledamo iz vlastitog iskustva -

anger, hatred, jealousy, arrogance,

ljutnja, mržnja, ljubomora, arogantnost, opsesivna želja, grabežljivost --

obsessive desire, strong grasping,

they don't leave us in such a good state after we have experienced it.

ne ostavljaju nas u dobrom stanju nakon što smo ih iskusili.

And also, they are detrimental to others' happiness.

I također, ona su štetna za tuđu sreću.

So we may consider that the more those are invading our mind,

Mogli bi pretpostaviti da što više takva stanja napadaju naš um,

and, like a chain reaction,

poput lančane reakcije, to se više osjećamo jadno, i mučno.

the more we feel miserable, we feel tormented.

At the opposite, everyone knows deep within

Suprotno tome, svi duboko u sebi znamo kako jedno nesebično djelo darežljivosti,

that an act of selfless generosity,

if from the distance, without anyone knowing anything about it,

ako s udaljenosti, bez da itko o tome zna,

we could save a child's life, make someone happy.

može spasiti dječji život, nekoga usrećiti.

We don't need the recognition. We don't need any gratitude.

Ne treba nam priznanje. Ne treba nam zahvalnost.

Just the mere fact of doing that

Samo činjenica kako to činimo, ispunjava nas osjećajem prikladnosti duboko u našoj prirodi.

fills such a sense of adequation with our deep nature.

And we would like to be like that all the time.

I mi bismo htjeli biti takvi cijelo vrijeme.

So is that possible,

Je li to moguće, promijeniti naš način postojanja, transformirati um?

to change our way of being, to transform one's mind?

Aren't those negative emotions, or destructive emotions,

Nisu li te negativne emocije, razarajuće emocije,

inherent to the nature of mind?

inherentne prirodi uma?

Is change possible in our emotions, in our traits, in our moods?

Je li promjena moguća u našim emocijama, u crtama ličnosti, u našem raspoloženju?

For that we have to ask, what is the nature of mind?

Za to saznati, moramo se upitati što je to priroda uma?

And if we look from the experiential point of view,

Ako promatramo s iskustvenog gledišta,

there is a primary quality of consciousness

postoji primarna kvaliteta svijesti,

that's just the mere fact to be cognitive, to be aware.

a to je sama činjenica da smo kognitivni, svjesni.

Consciousness is like a mirror that allows all images to rise on it.

Svijest je poput ogledala koje dozvoljava da se sve slike prikažu na njemu.

You can have ugly faces, beautiful faces in the mirror.

Mogu se prikazati i ružna i lijepa lica u ogledalu.

The mirror allows that, but the mirror is not tainted,

Ogledalo to omogućuje, ali nije oštećeno,

is not modified, is not altered by those images.

nije modificirano, nije promijenjeno prikazom tih slika.

Likewise, behind every single thought

Slično tomu, iza svake misli stoji gola svijest, čista svjesnost.

there is the bare consciousness, pure awareness.

This is the nature.

To je priroda. Ne može se intrizično oštetiti ljutnjom ili ljubomorom jer,

It cannot be tainted intrinsically with hatred or jealousy because then,

if it was always there --

onda, ako bi stalno bilo tako -- poput boje koja pržima čitavu tkaninu --

like a dye that would permeate the whole cloth --

then it would be found all the time, somewhere.

pronalazili bi je cijelo vrijeme negdje.

We know we're not always angry, always jealous, always generous.

Znamo kako nismo uvijek ljutiti, ljubomorni, ljubazni.

So, because the basic fabric of consciousness

Obzirom da je temeljni materijal svijesti

is this pure cognitive quality that differentiates it from a stone,

čista kognitivna kvaliteta koja ju razlikuje od kamena,

there is a possibility for change because all emotions are fleeting.

postoji mogućnost za promjenu jer sve su emocije prolazne.

That is the ground for mind training.

To je temelj za treniranje uma.

Mind training is based on the idea that two opposite mental factors

Treniranje uma bazirano je na ideji da se dva suprotna mentalna čimbenika

cannot happen at the same time.

ne mogu dogoditi istovremeno.

You could go from love to hate.

Možete iz ljubavi prijeći na mržnju.

But you cannot, at the same time, toward the same object,

Ali ne možete, istovremeno, prema istom objektu,

the same person, want to harm and want to do good.

istoj osobi, željeti zlo i dobro.

You cannot, in the same gesture, shake hand and give a blow.

Ne možete, u jednoj gesti, dati ruku i udarac.

So, there are natural antidotes to emotions

Postoje prirodni protuotrovi za emocije

that are destructive to our inner well-being.

koje su razarajuće za naše unutarnje blagostanje.

So that's the way to proceed.

To je način kako dalje. Radovanje nasuprot ljubomori.

Rejoicing compared to jealousy.

A kind of sense of inner freedom

Neka vrsta osjećaja unutarnje slobode u suprotnosti s pohlepom i opsesijom.

as opposite to intense grasping and obsession.

Benevolence, loving kindness against hatred.

Dobročinstvo, miroljubivost nasuprot mržnji.

But, of course, each emotion then would need a particular antidote.

Ali naravno, tada bi svaka emocije trebala poseban protuotrov.

Another way is to try to find a general antidote to all emotions,

Drugi je način pokušati naći opći protuotrov za sve emocije,

and that's by looking at the very nature.

i to gledanjem u samu srž prirode.

Usually, when we feel annoyed, hatred or upset with someone,

Obično, kada se osjećamo iritirano,mrzimo ili smo uznemireni,

or obsessed with something,

ili opsjednuti nečime, um se stalno vraća tom objektu.

the mind goes again and again to that object.

Each time it goes to the object,

Svaki puta kada se vrati, pojačava tu opsesiju ili iritiranost.

it reinforces that obsession or that annoyance.

So then, it's a self-perpetuating process.

To je onda proces koji sam sebe pokreće.

So what we need to look for now is,

Ono gdje bismo trebali gledati, umjesto da gledamo prema vani, jest unutra.

instead of looking outward, we look inward.

Look at anger itself.

Pogledajmo samu ljutnju,

It looks very menacing,

like a billowing monsoon cloud or thunderstorm.

izgleda prijeteće, poput monsunskog oblaka ili grmljavine.

We think we could sit on the cloud,

Mislimo da bismo mogli sjesti na taj oblak, ali kada odemo tamo, to je samo magla.

but if you go there, it's just mist.

Likewise, if you look at the thought of anger,

Slično, ako pogledate misao ljutnje

it will vanish like frost under the morning sun.

nestati će kao mraz pred jutarnjim suncem.

If you do this again and again, the propensity,

Ako to stalno činite, sklonost,

the tendencies for anger to arise again

tendencija ljutnje da se ponovno pojavi

will be less and less each time you dissolve it.

smanjiti će se svaki put kada ju rasplinete.

And, at the end, although it may rise,

I, na kraju, iako bi se mogla pojaviti, samo će preletjeti umom,

it will just cross the mind,

like a bird crossing the sky without leaving any track.

poput ptice koja prelijeće nebom bez da ostavlja trag.

So this is the principal of mind training.

To je princip treniranja uma.

Now, it takes time,

Potrebno je vremena jer trebalo je vremena da se sve te greške u našem umu,

because it took time for all those faults in our mind, the tendencies, to build up,

tendencije, da se nagomilaju, pa će isto tako trebati vremena da ih se rješimo.

so it will take time to unfold them as well.

But that's the only way to go.

Ali to je jedini način.

Mind transformation -- that is the very meaning of meditation.

Transformacija uma, to je pravi smisao meditacije.

It means familiarization with a new way of being,

To znači upoznavanje s novim načinom postojanja,

new way of perceiving things,

novim načinom percipiranja stvari koji je više priklanjanje stvarnosti,

which is more in adequation with reality,

with interdependence, with the stream and continuous transformation,

s međuovisnosti, s tijekom i kontinuiranom transformacijom

which our being and our consciousness is.

što naše biće i naša svijest zapravo jesu.

So, the interface with cognitive science,

Veza sa kognitivnim znanostima,

since we need to come to that, it was, I suppose, the subject of --

obzirom kako se moramo toga dotaknuti, i bilo je, pretpostavljam, subjektom --

we have to deal in such a short time -- with brain plasticity.

moramo u kratkom vremenu obraditi

plastičnost mozga. Za mozak se mislilo da je više-manje nepromjenjiv.

The brain was thought to be more or less fixed.

All the nominal connections, in numbers and quantities,

Za sve veze, u svom zbroju i količini, smatralo se --

were thought, until the last 20 years,

do prije 20 godina, kako su više-manje nepromjenjive kada postanemo odrasle osobe.

to be more or less fixed when we reached adult age.

Now, recently, it has been found that it can change a lot.

U posljednje vrijeme, otkriveno je da se može znatno mijenjati.

A violinist, as we heard, who has done 10,000 hours of violin practice,

Violinistu, kako smo čuli, koji je odradio 10,000 sati prakse,

some area that controls the movements of fingers in the brain changes a lot,

neki dijelovi koji kontroliraju pokrete prstiju u mozgu, znatno su se promijenili,

increasing reinforcement of the synaptic connections.

osnažujući sinaptičke veze.

So can we do that with human qualities?

Možemo li isto učiniti s ljudskim kvalitetama?

With loving kindness, with patience, with openness?

Miroljubivošću, strpljenjem, otvorenošću?

So that's what those great meditators have been doing.

To je ono što oni veliki meditanti čine.

Some of them who came to the labs,

Neki od njih koji su došli u laboratorije, poput Madisona, Wisconsina ili Berkleya,

like in Madison, Wisconsin, or in Berkeley,

did 20 to 40,000 hours of meditation.

napravili su od 20 do 40,000 sati meditacije.

They do, like, three years' retreat, where they do meditate 12 hours a day.

Oni se, tri godine povuku, i tada meditiraju 12 sati dnevno.

And then, the rest of their life, they will do three or four hours a day.

I onda, do kraja svojeg života, meditiraju 3 do 4 sata dnevno.

They are real Olympic champions of mind training.

Oni su pravi olimpijski pobjednici u treniranju uma.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

This is the place where the meditators -- you can see it's kind of inspiring.

Ovo je mjesto gdje meditanti -- vidite kako je pomalo inspirirajuće.

Now, here with 256 electrodes.

Sada, ovdje s 256 elektroda.

(Smijeh)

(Laughter)

So what did they find?

Što su pronašli? Naravno, istu stvar.

Of course, same thing.

The scientific embargo --

Znanstvena zapreka -- ako je ikad poslan za časopis "Nature"

a paper has been submitted to "Nature," hopefully, it will be accepted.

nadam se, možda će biti prihvaćen.

It deals with the state of compassion, unconditional compassion.

Bavi se stanjem suosjećanja, bezuvjetnog suosjećanja.

We asked meditators, who have been doing that for years and years,

Pitali smo meditante, koji su godinama,

to put their mind in a state where there's nothing but loving kindness,

svoj um usmjeravali u stanje gdje nema ničega osim miroljubivosti --

total availability to sentient being.

poptune dostupnosti svjesnom biću.

Of course, during the training, we do that with objects.

Naravno, za vrijeme treninga, to činimo s objektima.

We think of people suffering, of people we love,

Mislimo o ljudima koji pate, mislimo o ljudima koje volimo,

but at some point, it can be a state which is all pervading.

ali u jednom trenutku, to postaje stanje koje sve prožima.

Here is the preliminary result,

Ovo su preliminarni rezultati, koje mogu pokazati, jer su već bili prikazani.

which I can show because it's already been shown.

The bell curve shows 150 controls,

Bellova krivulja pokazuje 150 ljudi kontrolne skupine, i što se promatra

and what is being looked at

is the difference between the right and the left frontal lobe.

jest razlika u desnom i lijevom frontalnom režnju.

In very short, people who have more activity

Ukratko, ljudi koji imaju više aktivnosti na desnoj strani prefrontalnog korteksa

in the right side of the prefrontal cortex

are more depressed, withdrawn.

više su deprimirani, povućeni -- ne opisuju mnogo pozitivnog afekta.

They don't describe a lot of positive affect.

It's the opposite on the left side:

Suprotno je na lijevoj strani: tendencija ka altruizmu,

more tendency to altruism,

to happiness, to express, and curiosity and so forth.

sreći, izražavanju, znatiželji i slično.

So there's a basic line for people. And also, it can be changed.

Znači postoji temeljna linija za ljude. I može se promijeniti.

If you see a comic movie, you go off to the left side.

Ako gledate komediju, radi vam lijeva strana.

If you are happy about something, you'll go more to the left side.

Ako ste sretni zbog nečega, idete još više u lijevo.

Ako imate napadaj depresije, pomaknuti ćete se prema desnoj strani.

If you have a bout of depression, you'll go to the right side.

Here, the -0.5 is the full standard deviation

Ovdje, -0.5 je puna standardna devijacija

of a meditator who meditated on compassion.

meditanta koji je meditirao o suosjećanju.

It's something that is totally out of the bell curve.

To je skroz izvan Bellovog grafa.

So, I've no time to go into all the different scientific results.

Nemam vremena ići u sve znanstvene detalje.

Hopefully, they will come.

Nadajmo se da će doći.

But they found that -- this is after three and a half hours

Ali otkrili su da -- ovo je nakon tri i pol sata u uređaju za fMRI,

in an fMRI,

it's like coming out of a space ship.

to je kao da izlazite iz svemirskog broda.

Also, it has been shown in other labs --

Također, dokazano je i u drugim laboratorijima --

for instance, Paul Ekman's labs in Berkeley --

na primjer, laboratorij Paula Ekmana na Berkleyu --

that some meditators are able, also,

kako su neki meditanti sposobni, također,

to control their emotional response more than it could be thought.

kontrolirati svoju emocionalnu reakciju više nego što se mislilo.

Like the startle experiments, for example.

Poput eksperimenta zastrašivanja, na primjer.

If you sit a guy on a chair

Ako posjednete čovjeka na stolicu s aparatima koji mjere različite fiziološke pokazatelje

with all this apparatus measuring your physiology,

and there's kind of a bomb that goes off,

i odjednom bomba eksplodira, to je tako instinktivna reakcija da,

it's such an instinctive response that,

in 20 years, they never saw anyone who would not jump.

u 20 godina, nisu vidjeli nikoga tko ne bi poskočio.

Some meditators, without trying to stop it,

Neki meditanti, bez da pokušaju to zaustaviti,

but simply by being completely open,

već bivajući potpuno otvoreni,

thinking that that bang is just going to be a small event like a shooting star,

misle kako će taj događaj biti tako slab poput padanja zvijezde na nebu,

they are able not to move at all.

pa uspijevaju uopće se ne pomaknuti.

So the whole point of that is not, sort of, to make, like,

Smisao svega toga nije napraviti,

a circus thing of showing exceptional beings who can jump, or whatever.

cirkus s ljudima koji poskakuju ili slično.

It's more to say that mind training matters.

Smisao jest pokazati kako je treniranje uma važno. Da to nije luksuz.

That this is not just a luxury.

This is not a supplementary vitamin for the soul.

To nije dodatni vitamin za dušu,

This is something that's going to determine

to je nešto što će odrediti kvalitetu svakog trenutka u našem životu.

the quality of every instant of our lives.

We are ready to spend 15 years achieving education.

Spremni smo potrošiti 15 godina obrazujući se.

We love to do jogging, fitness.

Volimo jogging, tjelovježbu.

We do all kinds of things to remain beautiful.

Činimo svakakve stvari kako bi ostali lijepi.

Yet, we spend surprisingly little time taking care of what matters most --

Ali jako malo vremena potrošimo na ono što je najvažnije:

the way our mind functions --

na način kako naš um funkcionira.

which, again, is the ultimate thing

Koji je, opet, krajnja stvar koja određuje kvalitetu naših doživljaja.

that determines the quality of our experience.

Now, compassion is supposed to be put in action.

Sada, naše suosjećanje moramo staviti u akciju.

That's what we try to do in different places.

To je ono što pokušavamo činiti na raznim mjestima.

Just this one example is worth a lot of work.

Samo ovaj jedan primjer je vrijedan puno rada.

This lady with bone TB, left alone in a tent,

Ova gospođa s koštanom tuberkulozom, ostavljena sama u šatoru, umrijeti će sa svojom jedinom kćeri.

was going to die with her only daughter.

One year later, how she is.

Godinu dana kasnije, evo kako joj je.

Different schools and clinics we've been doing in Tibet.

Različite škole i klinike podučavali smo u Tibetu.

And just, I leave you with the beauty of those looks

Ostavljam vas s ljepotom ovih pogleda

that tells more about happiness than I could ever say.

koji govore o sreći više nego što bih ja ikada mogao reći.

(Laughter)

I skačuči redovnici iz Tibeta.

And jumping monks of Tibet.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Flying monks.

Leteći redovnici.

Hvala vam, najljepša.

Thank you very much.