Fahad Al-Attiya: A country with no water

Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast

Translator: Berina Basic Reviewer: Adisa Ejubovic

Salaam alaikum.

Salaam aleikum (Dobar dan- arp.)

Welcome to Doha.

Dobro došli u Dohu.

I am in charge of making this country's food secure.

Zadužen sam da ova zemlja ima dovoljno hrane.

That is my job for the next two years,

To je moj posao naredne dvije godine,

to design an entire master plan,

da kreiram cjelokupni master plan,

and then for the next 10 years to implement it --

i u narednih 10 godina ga sprovedemo--

of course, with so many other people.

s velikim brojem ljudi, naravno.

But first, I need to talk to you about a story, which is my story,

Ali prvo, moram da vam ispričam priču, koja je moja priča,

about the story of this country that you're all here in today.

priču o zemlji u kojoj ste vi svi danas.

And of course, most of you have had three meals today,

I naravno, većina vas imala je tri obroka danas,

and probably will continue to have after this event.

i najvjerovatnije ćete nastaviti da ih imate i poslije ovog događaja.

So going in, what was Qatar in the 1940s?

Tako da nastavim, šta je Qatar bio 40- tih godina?

We were about 11,000 people living here.

Imali smo oko 11.000 ljudi koji su živjeli ovdje.

There was no water. There was no energy, no oil, no cars, none of that.

Nije bilo vode, električne energije, nafte, automobila, ništa od toga.

Većina ljudi koja je živjela ovdje

Most of the people who lived here

either lived in coastal villages, fishing,

živjela je ili u priobalnim selima, ribareći,

or were nomads who roamed around with the environment trying to find water.

ili nomadski, lutajući uokolo u potrazi za vodom.

None of the glamour that you see today existed.

Nije postojao glamur kakav vidite danas.

No cities like you see today in Doha or Dubai or Abu Dhabi or Kuwait or Riyadh.

Nije bilo gradova poput Dohe, Dubaija, Abu Dhabija, Kuwaita ili Riyadha.

It wasn't that they couldn't develop cities.

Nije da se gradovi nisu mogli razviti.

Resources weren't there to develop them.

Nije bilo potrebnih izvora da ih razviju.

And you can see that life expectancy was also short.

Možete vidjeti da je životni vijek bio također kratak.

Most people died around the age of 50.

Većina ljudi umirala je oko 50 godine.

So let's move to chapter two: the oil era.

Nastavimo ka drugom poglavlju: era nafte.

1939, that's when they discovered oil.

1939. otkrivena je nafta.

But unfortunately, it wasn't really fully exploited commercially

Ali nažalost, otkriće nije u potpunosti komercijalno iskorišteno

until after the Second World War.

sve do svršetka Drugog svjetskog rata.

What did it do?

Čemu je to doprinijelo?

It changed the face of this country, as you can see today and witness.

Promijenilo je lice ove zemlje, kao što možete to vidjeti danas.

It also made all those people who roamed around the desert --

Također je pomoglo ljudima koji su lutali pustinjom-

looking for water, looking for food,

u potrazi za vodom, u potrazi za hranom,

trying to take care of their livestock -- urbanize.

koji su pokušavali voditi brigu o svojoj stoci- da se urbaniziraju.

You might find this strange,

Možda će vam ovo biti čudno,

but in my family we have different accents.

ali u mojoj porodici imali smo više različitih naglasaka.

My mother has an accent that is so different to my father,

Moja majka imala je naglasak koji je bio drugačiji od očevog,

and we're all a population of about 300,000 people in the same country.

a mi smo populacija koja broji 300,000 ljudi u istoj zemlji.

There are about five or six accents in this country as I speak.

Postoji oko pet ili šest naglasaka u ovoj zemlji.

Someone says, "How so? How could this happen?"

Neko se može upitati, "Kako to? Kako se to dogodilo?"

Because we lived scattered.

To je zato što živimo raštrkano.

We couldn't live in a concentrated way simply because there was no resources.

Nismo mogli živjeti koncentrirani na jednom mjestu zbog jer nije bilo resursa.

And when the resources came, be it oil,

I kad su se pojavili resursi, bilo da je to nafta,

we started building these fancy technologies

počeli smo s izgradnjom tih modernih tehnologija

and bringing people together because we needed the concentration.

skupljajući ljude zato što smo trebali tu koncentriranost.

People started to get to know each other.

Ljudi su započeli s upoznavanjem jedni drugih.

And we realized that there are some differences in accents.

I shvatili smo da postoje razlike u naglascima.

So that is the chapter two: the oil era.

To je drugo poglavlje: era nafte.

Let's look at today.

Pogledajmo šta se dešava danas.

This is probably the skyline that most of you know about Doha.

Ovo je najvjerovatnije linija horizonta za koju većina vas zna o Dohi.

So what's the population today?

Kolika je populacija danas?

It's 1.7 million people.

1,7 miliona ljudi.

That is in less than 60 years.

To je u manje od 60 godina.

The average growth of our economy is about 15 percent for the past five years.

Prosječni rast naše ekonomije je 15 posto u posljednjih 5 godina.

Lifespan has increased to 78.

Životni vijek je porastao na 78.

Water consumption has increased to 430 liters.

Potrošnja vode povećana je na 430 litara.

And this is amongst the highest worldwide.

A to je među najvišim u svijetu.

From having no water whatsoever

Od nemanja vode nikako

to consuming water to the highest degree, higher than any other nation.

do konzumiranja vode do najvišeg stepena, višeg od bilo koje druge nacije.

I don't know if this was a reaction to lack of water.

Ne znam je li to reakcija na nedostatak vode.

But what is interesting about the story that I've just said?

Ali šta je zanimljivo u priči koju sam upravo ispričao?

The interesting part is that we continue to grow

Zanimljiv dio je da smo nastavili rasti

15 percent every year for the past five years without water.

15 posto svake godine u posljednjih pet godina bez vode.

Now that is historic. It's never happened before in history.

Sada je to istorija. Nikad se ništa slično nije desilo u istoriji.

Cities were totally wiped out because of the lack of water.

Gradovi su bili potpuno izbrisani zbog nedostatka vode.

This is history being made in this region.

Istorija se stvarala na ovom području.

Not only cities that we're building,

Ne samo gradovi koje smo gradili,

but cities with dreams and people who are wishing to be scientists, doctors.

već gradovi sa snovima i ljudima koji su željeli biti naučnici, doktori.

Build a nice home, bring the architect, design my house.

Izgraditi lijep dom, dovesti arhitektu, dizajnirati moju kuću.

These people are adamant that this is a livable space when it wasn't.

Ovi su ljudi tvrdili da je moguće živjeti na prostoru na kojem to nije bilo moguće.

But of course, with the use of technology.

Ali naravno, uz pomoć tehnologije.

So Brazil has 1,782 millimeters per year of precipitation of rain.

Brazil ima 1.782 milimetara padavina godišnje.

Qatar has 74, and we have that growth rate.

Qatar ima 74, a imamo veću stopu rasta.

The question is how.

Pitanje je kako.

How could we survive that?

Kako možemo preživjeti to?

We have no water whatsoever.

Nemamo vode nikako.

Simply because of this gigantic, mammoth machine called desalination.

Jednostavno zbog ove ogromne, mamutske mašine koja se zove desalinizacija.

Energy is the key factor here. It changed everything.

Energija je ovdje ključni faktor. Ona je sve promijenila.

It is that thing that we pump out of the ground, we burn tons of,

To je ona stvar koju pumpamo iz zemlje, palimo tonu toga,

probably most of you used it coming to Doha.

većina vas to koristi dolaskom u Dohu.

So that is our lake, if you can see it.

To je naše jezero, kako možete vidjeti.

That is our river.

To je naša rijeka.

That is how you all happen to use and enjoy water.

Eto kako se dogodilo da je svi koriste i uživaju u vodi.

This is the best technology that this region could ever have: desalination.

Ovo je najbolja tehnologija koju je ova regija ima: desalinizaciju.

So what are the risks?

Koji su rizici?

Do you worry much?

Da li se brinete mnogo?

I would say, perhaps if you look at the global facts,

Ja bih rekao, možda ak gledate na globalne činjenice,

you will realize, of course I have to worry.

shvatit ćete, naravno moram brinuti.

There is growing demand, growing population.

Postoji rastuća potražnja, rastuća populacija.

We've turned seven billion only a few months ago.

Okrenuli smo sedam milijardi prije samo nekoliko mjeseci.

And so that number also demands food.

Zato ta brojka također zahtjeva hranu.

And there's predictions that we'll be nine billion by 2050.

Tu su pretpostavke da će nas biti devet milijardi do 2050.

So a country that has no water

Zato zemlju koja nema vode

has to worry about what happens beyond its borders.

mora brinuti ono što se dešava van granica.

There's also changing diets.

Također se mijenja i način ishrane.

By elevating to a higher socio-economic level,

Do podizanja na višu društveno- ekonomsku razinu,

they also change their diet.

promjenit će njihovu ishranu.

They start eating more meat and so on and so forth.

Poćet će jesti puno više mesa i tako dalje i tako dalje.

On the other hand, there is declining yields

S druge strane, tu je pad prinosa

because of climate change and because of other factors.

zbog klimatskih uslova i ostalih faktora.

And so someone has to really realize when the crisis is going to happen.

I neko stvarno mora shvatiti kada će se desiti kriza.

This is the situation in Qatar, for those who don't know.

Ovo je situacija u Qataru, za one koji ne znaju.

We only have two days of water reserve.

Rezervi vode imamo samo za dva dana.

We import 90 percent of our food,

Uvozimo 90 posto hrane,

and we only cultivate less than one percent of our land.

a obrađujemo manje od jedan posto svoje zemlje.

The limited number of farmers that we have

Ograničeni broj poljoprivrednika koje imamo

have been pushed out of their farming practices

istisnut je iz svoje poljoprivredne prakse

as a result of open market policy and bringing the big competitions, etc., etc.

kao rezultat politike otvorenog tržišta i dolaskom veće konkurencije...

So we also face risks.

Suočavamo se s rizicima.

These risks directly affect the sustainability of this nation and its continuity.

Ovi rizici direktno utiču na održivost ovog naroda i njegovog kontinuiteta.

The question is, is there a solution?

Pitanje je, postoji li rješenje?

Is there a sustainable solution?

Postoji li održivo rješenje?

Indeed there is.

Naravno da postoji.

This slide sums up thousands of pages of technical documents

Ovaj slajd sadrži na hiljade stranica tehničke dokumentacije

that we've been working on over the past two years.

na kojoj smo radili u posljednje dvije godine.

Let's start with the water.

Krenimo od vode.

So we know very well -- I showed you earlier -- that we need this energy.

Znamo jako dobro- pokazao sam vam to ranije- da trebamo ovu energiju.

So if we're going to need energy, what sort of energy?

Zato ukoliko nam treba energija, koja je to vrsta energije?

A depletable energy? Fossil fuel?

Ograničena energija? Fosilno gorivo?

Or should we use something else?

Ili treba da koristimo nešto drugo?

Do we have the comparative advantage to use another sort of energy?

Da li imamo komparativne prednosti za korištenje neke druge vrste energije?

I guess most of you by now realize that we do: 300 days of sun.

Pretpostavljam da je većina vas shvatila šta radimo: 300 dana sunca.

And so we will use that renewable energy to produce the water that we need.

I tako ćemo koristiti taj obnovljeni izvor energije da bi proizveli neophodnu vodu.

And we will probably put 1,800 megawatts of solar systems

I vjerovatno ćemo staviti 1.800 megavata solarnog sistema

to produce 3.5 million cubic meters of water.

da bi se proizvello 3,5 miliona kubika vode.

And that is a lot of water.

A to je dosta vode.

That water will go then to the farmers,

Ta voda će ići poljoprivrednicima,

and the farmers will be able to water their plants,

i poljoprivrednici će biti u stanju zalijevati svoje biljke,

and they will be able then to supply society with food.

i onda će biti u stanju društvo snabdjeti hranom.

But in order to sustain the horizontal line --

No, kako bi se održala horizontalna linija-

because these are the projects, these are the systems that we will deliver --

zato što postoje projekti, postoje sistemi koje ćemo mi isporučiti-

we need to also develop the vertical line:

također moramo razviti vertikalnu liniju:

system sustenance, high-level education, research and development,

sistem hrane, visoke razine obrazovanja, istraživanja i razvoja,

industries, technologies, to produce these technologies for application, and finally markets.

industrije, tehnologije, da bi se stvorile ove tehnologije za primjenu I tržištima.

But what gels all of it, what enables it, is legislation, policies, regulations.

No ono što se onemogućava u razvoju jeste legalizacija, politika, propisi.

Without it we can't do anything.

Bez njih ne možemo učiniti ništa.

So that's what we are planning to do.

Dakle, to je ono što planiramo učiniti.

Within two years we should hopefully be done with this plan

Unutar dvije godine nadamo se da ćemo završiti s ovim planom

and taking it to implementation.

i sprovesti ga.

Our objective is to be a millennium city, just like many millennium cities around:

Naš cilj je biti milenijski grad, baš kao mnogi drugi milenijski gradovi:

Istanbul, Rome, London, Paris, Damascus, Cairo.

Istanbul, Rim, London, Paris, Damask, Kairo.

We are only 60 years old, but we want to live forever

Imamo samo 60 godina, ali želimo zauvijek da živimo

as a city, to live in peace.

kao grad, da živimo u miru.

Thank you very much.

Hvala vam najljepša.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)