Fahad Al-Attiya: A country with no water

150,665 views ใƒป 2013-01-31

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ืžืชืจื’ื: Mark Freehoff ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:15
Salaam alaikum.
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ืกืืœืื ืขืœื™ื›ื•ื. (ืฉืœื•ื ืœื›ื).
00:18
Welcome to Doha.
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ื‘ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืœื“ื•ื—ื”.
00:20
I am in charge of making this country's food secure.
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ืื ื™ ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
00:23
That is my job for the next two years,
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ื–ื• ืžืฉื™ืžืชื™ ืœืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช,
00:25
to design an entire master plan,
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ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืื‘ ืžืงื™ืคื”,
00:28
and then for the next 10 years to implement it --
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ื•ืื– ืœื™ื™ืฉืžื” ื‘ 10 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช --
00:31
of course, with so many other people.
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื.
00:33
But first, I need to talk to you about a story, which is my story,
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ืืš ืงื•ื“ื, ืขืœื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืชื›ื ืขืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื™,
00:38
about the story of this country that you're all here in today.
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ืขืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื–ื• ืฉื‘ื” ืืชื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
00:42
And of course, most of you have had three meals today,
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืจื•ื‘ื›ื ืกืขื“ืชื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื,
00:45
and probably will continue to have after this event.
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ื•ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ืชืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ื–ื”.
00:50
So going in, what was Qatar in the 1940s?
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ืื– ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงื˜ืืจ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-40?
00:54
We were about 11,000 people living here.
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• 11,000 ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงื™ืจื•ื‘ ืฉื—ื™ื• ื›ืืŸ.
00:59
There was no water. There was no energy, no oil, no cars, none of that.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื™ื. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ืœื ื ืคื˜, ืœื ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ืœื ืžื–ื” ื•ืœื ืžื–ื”.
01:06
Most of the people who lived here
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื• ื›ืืŸ
01:07
either lived in coastal villages, fishing,
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ื—ื™ื• ื‘ื›ืคืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฃ ืžื“ื™ื’
01:10
or were nomads who roamed around with the environment trying to find water.
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ืื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืฉื•ื˜ื˜ื• ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ืžื™ื.
01:15
None of the glamour that you see today existed.
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื”ืคืืจ ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื ืื–.
01:19
No cities like you see today in Doha or Dubai or Abu Dhabi or Kuwait or Riyadh.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืขืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื” ืื• ื“ื•ื‘ื™ื™ ืื• ืื‘ื• ื“ื‘ื™ ืื• ืงื•ื•ืื™ื™ื˜ ืื• ืจื™ืื“.
01:24
It wasn't that they couldn't develop cities.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืฉืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืคืชื— ืขืจื™ื.
01:27
Resources weren't there to develop them.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœืคืชื—.
01:29
And you can see that life expectancy was also short.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงืฆืจื”.
01:32
Most people died around the age of 50.
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื• ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื’ื™ืœ 50.
01:33
So let's move to chapter two: the oil era.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืชืงื“ื ืœืคืจืง ื‘': ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื ืคื˜.
01:37
1939, that's when they discovered oil.
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1939, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉื’ื™ืœื• ื ืคื˜.
01:40
But unfortunately, it wasn't really fully exploited commercially
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ืืš ืœืจื•ืข ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื ื•ืฆืœ ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช ื‘ืžืœื•ืื•
01:45
until after the Second World War.
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ืขื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื”.
01:48
What did it do?
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ืžื” ื–ื” ืขืฉื”?
01:50
It changed the face of this country, as you can see today and witness.
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ื–ื” ืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ืคื ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื–ื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืขื™ื“.
01:53
It also made all those people who roamed around the desert --
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ื–ื” ื’ื ื”ื›ืจื™ื— ืืช ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืฉื•ื˜ื˜ื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ --
01:57
looking for water, looking for food,
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ืฉื—ื™ืคืฉื• ืื—ืจ ืžื™ื ื•ืžื–ื•ืŸ,
02:00
trying to take care of their livestock -- urbanize.
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ื•ื ื™ืกื• ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืขื“ืจื™ื”ื -- ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขืจื™ื.
02:04
You might find this strange,
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ืืชื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืžื•ื–ืจ
02:06
but in my family we have different accents.
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ืืš ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
02:10
My mother has an accent that is so different to my father,
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ื”ื ื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ืื™ืžื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื”ื ื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™,
02:14
and we're all a population of about 300,000 people in the same country.
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ื•ืื ื• ื‘ืกื”"ื› ื› 300,000 ืื™ืฉ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืืจืฅ.
02:19
There are about five or six accents in this country as I speak.
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ื™ืฉื ื ื‘ืขืจืš ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืื• ืฉื™ืฉื” ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืืชื›ื.
02:23
Someone says, "How so? How could this happen?"
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืฉืืœ, "ื›ื™ืฆื“? ืื™ืš ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช?"
02:26
Because we lived scattered.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืคื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ.
02:28
We couldn't live in a concentrated way simply because there was no resources.
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื.
02:33
And when the resources came, be it oil,
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ื•ื›ืฉื‘ืื• ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ื ืคื˜,
02:37
we started building these fancy technologies
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ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
02:40
and bringing people together because we needed the concentration.
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ื•ืœืงื‘ืฅ ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื ื–ืงืงื ื• ืœืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ.
02:44
People started to get to know each other.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืœื” ืืช ืืœื”.
02:46
And we realized that there are some differences in accents.
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ื•ืฉืžื ื• ืœื‘ ืฉื™ืฉื ื ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื‘ื™ื.
02:50
So that is the chapter two: the oil era.
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ืื– ื–ื”ื• ืคืจืง ื‘': ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื ืคื˜.
02:53
Let's look at today.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื.
02:55
This is probably the skyline that most of you know about Doha.
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ื–ื”ื• ื›ื ืจืื” ืงื• ื”ืจืงื™ืข ืฉืจื•ื‘ื›ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื”.
03:00
So what's the population today?
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ื•ืžื” ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื”ื™ื•ื?
03:01
It's 1.7 million people.
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1.7 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื.
03:04
That is in less than 60 years.
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ื–ื” ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืž- 60 ืฉื ื™ื.
03:06
The average growth of our economy is about 15 percent for the past five years.
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ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืจืš 15% ืœื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
03:12
Lifespan has increased to 78.
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ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœืชื” ืœ- 78.
03:15
Water consumption has increased to 430 liters.
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ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืžื™ื™ื ืขืœืชื” ืœ- 430 ืœื™ื˜ืจื™ื.
03:20
And this is amongst the highest worldwide.
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ื•ื–ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
03:23
From having no water whatsoever
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ืžืžื—ืกื•ืจ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ืžื™ื
03:26
to consuming water to the highest degree, higher than any other nation.
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ืขื“ ืœืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื›ืœ ืื•ืžื” ืื—ืจืช.
03:31
I don't know if this was a reaction to lack of water.
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ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื.
03:35
But what is interesting about the story that I've just said?
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ืืš ืžื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืขืชื” ืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ืœื›ื?
03:41
The interesting part is that we continue to grow
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ื”ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื• ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ
03:44
15 percent every year for the past five years without water.
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15% ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ืœื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœืœื ืžื™ื.
03:51
Now that is historic. It's never happened before in history.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™. ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืงืจื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
03:56
Cities were totally wiped out because of the lack of water.
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ืขืจื™ื ื ืžื—ืงื• ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžืคืืช ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื.
04:00
This is history being made in this region.
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
04:02
Not only cities that we're building,
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ืœื ืจืง ืขืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ื‘ื•ื ื™ื,
04:04
but cities with dreams and people who are wishing to be scientists, doctors.
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ืืœื ืขืจื™ื ืขื ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ืขื ื™ื, ืจื•ืคืื™ื.
04:09
Build a nice home, bring the architect, design my house.
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ืชื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืคื”, ืชื‘ื™ื ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœ, ืชื›ื ืŸ ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืช.
04:12
These people are adamant that this is a livable space when it wasn't.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ืžืชืขืงืฉื™ื ืฉื–ื”ื• ืžืจื—ื‘ ืžื—ื™ื” ืžืขืฉื™, ื›ืฉืœื ื›ืš ื”ื™ื”.
04:19
But of course, with the use of technology.
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ืืš ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
04:21
So Brazil has 1,782 millimeters per year of precipitation of rain.
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ืœื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ ื™ืฉ 1,782 ืžื™ืœื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ืฉื ื‘ืฉื ื”.
04:27
Qatar has 74, and we have that growth rate.
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ืœืงื˜ืืจ 74, ื•ืœื ื• ื™ืฉ ืืช ืงืฆื‘ ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ื.
04:30
The question is how.
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื ืื™ืš.
04:32
How could we survive that?
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ืื™ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืฉืจื•ื“ ืืช ื–ื”?
04:35
We have no water whatsoever.
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
04:37
Simply because of this gigantic, mammoth machine called desalination.
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ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช - ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืขื ืงื™ืช, ื”ื‘ื”ืžืชื™ืช ื”ื ืงืจืื™ืช ื”ืชืคืœื”.
04:44
Energy is the key factor here. It changed everything.
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ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืžืคืชื— ืคื”. ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื ืชื” ื”ื›ืœ.
04:48
It is that thing that we pump out of the ground, we burn tons of,
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืื ื• ืฉื•ืื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืื“ืžื”, ืื ื• ืฉื•ืจืคื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื ื•ืช,
04:52
probably most of you used it coming to Doha.
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ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉืจื•ื‘ื›ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื ื‘ื• ื‘ื‘ื•ืื›ื ืœื“ื•ื—ื”.
04:55
So that is our lake, if you can see it.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ืื’ื ืฉืœื ื•, ืื ืืชื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื•.
04:58
That is our river.
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ื”ื ื” ื”ื ื”ืจ ืฉืœื ื•.
05:00
That is how you all happen to use and enjoy water.
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ื›ืš ื”ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื•ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืžื™ื.
05:05
This is the best technology that this region could ever have: desalination.
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ื–ื• ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’: ื”ืชืคืœื”.
05:12
So what are the risks?
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืžื” ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืช?
05:14
Do you worry much?
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ืืชื ื“ื•ืื’ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื”?
05:16
I would say, perhaps if you look at the global facts,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ, ืื ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ืื•ืœื™ ืขืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
05:20
you will realize, of course I have to worry.
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ืชื‘ื™ื ื•, ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื ืฉืขืœื™ ืœื“ืื•ื’.
05:22
There is growing demand, growing population.
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื’ื•ื‘ืจ, ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื’ื“ืœื”.
05:25
We've turned seven billion only a few months ago.
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ื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืจืง ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.
05:28
And so that number also demands food.
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ื•ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ื’ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืื•ื›ืœ.
05:32
And there's predictions that we'll be nine billion by 2050.
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ื•ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืชืฉืขื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืขื“ 2050.
05:35
So a country that has no water
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืžื™ื
05:38
has to worry about what happens beyond its borders.
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ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”.
05:41
There's also changing diets.
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ื™ืฉื ื ื’ื ื”ืจื’ืœื™ ืื›ื™ืœื” ืžืฉืชื ื™ื.
05:44
By elevating to a higher socio-economic level,
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ืขืงื‘ ืขืœื™ื™ืชื ืœืžืขืžื“ ืกื•ืฆื™ื•-ืืงื•ื ื•ืžื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,
05:48
they also change their diet.
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื• ื’ื ืืช ืชื–ื•ื ืชื.
05:50
They start eating more meat and so on and so forth.
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ื”ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื” ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”.
05:53
On the other hand, there is declining yields
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ืžืื™ื“ืš ื’ื™ืกื, ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืชื ื•ื‘ื”
05:55
because of climate change and because of other factors.
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ืขืงื‘ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืืงืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
05:58
And so someone has to really realize when the crisis is going to happen.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืžืชื”ื•ื•ื”.
06:03
This is the situation in Qatar, for those who don't know.
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ื–ื” ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืงื˜ืืจ, ืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข.
06:07
We only have two days of water reserve.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืจืง ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืžืื’ืจื™ื.
06:10
We import 90 percent of our food,
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ืื ื• ืžื™ื™ื‘ืื™ื 90% ืžื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
06:12
and we only cultivate less than one percent of our land.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืื—ื•ื– ืื—ื“ ืžืื“ืžื•ืชื ื•.
06:16
The limited number of farmers that we have
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ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
06:19
have been pushed out of their farming practices
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ื ื“ื—ืคื• ืืœ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืขื™ืกื•ืงื™ื”ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื
06:22
as a result of open market policy and bringing the big competitions, etc., etc.
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ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ืคืชื•ื— ื•ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืžืชื—ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื›ื•ืœื™, ื•ื›ื•ืœื™.
06:28
So we also face risks.
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ืžืชื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื.
06:31
These risks directly affect the sustainability of this nation and its continuity.
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ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืฉืจื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืžื” ื–ื• ื•ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืชื”.
06:38
The question is, is there a solution?
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื, ื”ืื ื™ืฉื ื• ืคืชืจื•ืŸ?
06:41
Is there a sustainable solution?
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉื ื• ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื?
06:43
Indeed there is.
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ืื›ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื.
06:45
This slide sums up thousands of pages of technical documents
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ืฉืงืฃ ื–ื” ืžืกื›ื ืืœืคื™ ื ื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ื
06:49
that we've been working on over the past two years.
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ืขืœื™ื”ื ืขืžืœื ื• ื‘ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
06:52
Let's start with the water.
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ื”ื‘ื” ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื.
06:53
So we know very well -- I showed you earlier -- that we need this energy.
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ืื– ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ -- ื”ืจืืชื™ ืœื›ื ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ -- ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ื•.
06:57
So if we're going to need energy, what sort of energy?
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ื•ืื ื ื–ื“ืงืง ืœืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ืื™ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”?
07:00
A depletable energy? Fossil fuel?
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ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžืชื›ืœื”? ื“ืœืง ืžืื•ื‘ื ื™ื?
07:02
Or should we use something else?
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ืื• ื”ืื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ?
07:05
Do we have the comparative advantage to use another sort of energy?
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื™ื—ืกื™ ื‘ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืื—ืจ ืฉืœ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”?
07:08
I guess most of you by now realize that we do: 300 days of sun.
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ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื— ืฉืจื•ื‘ื›ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื•: 300 ื™ืžื™ ืฉืžืฉ.
07:12
And so we will use that renewable energy to produce the water that we need.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ื ืฆืœ ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช ื–ื• ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ืœื”ื ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื.
07:17
And we will probably put 1,800 megawatts of solar systems
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ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœ- 1800 ืžื’ื•ื•ืื˜ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืกื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช
07:23
to produce 3.5 million cubic meters of water.
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ืœื™ืฆืจ 3.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ ืžื™ื.
07:25
And that is a lot of water.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื™ื.
07:27
That water will go then to the farmers,
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ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ืœื›ื• ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื,
07:30
and the farmers will be able to water their plants,
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ื•ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืงื•ืช ืืช ื™ื‘ื•ืœื
07:32
and they will be able then to supply society with food.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืกืคืง ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืื•ื›ืœ.
07:36
But in order to sustain the horizontal line --
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ืืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ืงื• ื”ืื•ืคืงื™ --
07:38
because these are the projects, these are the systems that we will deliver --
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ื›ื™ ืืœื” ื”ื ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื, ืืœื” ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ื ืกืคืง --
07:41
we need to also develop the vertical line:
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ืงื• ื”ืื ื›ื™:
07:44
system sustenance, high-level education, research and development,
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ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช, ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื—,
07:49
industries, technologies, to produce these technologies for application, and finally markets.
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ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช, ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช, ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ืฉื•ื ื•ืฉื•ืงื™ ืงืฆื”.
07:54
But what gels all of it, what enables it, is legislation, policies, regulations.
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ืืš ืžื” ืฉืžืื—ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื”, ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืื•ืชื•, ื–ื• ื—ื•ืงื”, ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช, ืคื™ืงื•ื—.
08:01
Without it we can't do anything.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืืœื” ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœื•ื.
08:03
So that's what we are planning to do.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
08:04
Within two years we should hopefully be done with this plan
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ืชื•ืš ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•
08:08
and taking it to implementation.
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ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข.
08:10
Our objective is to be a millennium city, just like many millennium cities around:
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ื™ืขื“ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืจ ืžื™ืœื ื™ื•ื, ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ืขืจื™ ืžื™ืœื ื™ื•ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช:
08:17
Istanbul, Rome, London, Paris, Damascus, Cairo.
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ืื™ืกื˜ื ื‘ื•ืœ, ืจื•ืžื, ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ, ืคืจื™ืก, ื“ืžืฉืง, ืงื”ื™ืจ.
08:24
We are only 60 years old, but we want to live forever
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ืื ื• ืจืง ื‘ื ื™ 60, ืืš ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืขื“
08:28
as a city, to live in peace.
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ื›ืขื™ืจ, ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื•ื.
08:32
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
08:34
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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