Fahad Al-Attiya: A country with no water

Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast

Prevoditelj: Ivo Sluganovic Recezent: Ivan Stamenković

Salaam alaikum.

Selam alejkum (mir s vama).

Welcome to Doha.

Dobrodošli u Dohu.

I am in charge of making this country's food secure.

Ja sam zadužen da hrana u ovoj državi bude sigurna.

That is my job for the next two years,

U sljedeće dvije godine moj je posao

to design an entire master plan,

dizajnirati cijeloviti dugoročni plan

and then for the next 10 years to implement it --

a zatim ga u sljedećih 10 godina implementirati -

of course, with so many other people.

naravno, zajedno s mnogo drugih ljudi.

But first, I need to talk to you about a story, which is my story,

Ali prvo, moram vam ispričati priču koja je moja priča,

about the story of this country that you're all here in today.

priču o zemlji u kojoj ste danas.

And of course, most of you have had three meals today,

I naravno, većina vas je danas jela tri obroka,

and probably will continue to have after this event.

i vjerojatno će jednako nastaviti nakon ovog događaja.

So going in, what was Qatar in the 1940s?

Dakle, počnimo, što je Katar bio u 1940-ima?

We were about 11,000 people living here.

Ovdje je živjelo otprilike 11,000 ljudi.

There was no water. There was no energy, no oil, no cars, none of that.

Nije bilo vode. Nije bilo energije, nafte, auta, ništa od toga.

Most of the people who lived here

Većina od ljudi koji su ovdje živjeli,

either lived in coastal villages, fishing,

živjela je ili u obalnim selima, ribareći

or were nomads who roamed around with the environment trying to find water.

ili su bili nomadi koji su lutali okruženjem pokušavajući

None of the glamour that you see today existed.

pronaći vodu. Ništa od glamura koji danas vidite nije postojalo.

No cities like you see today in Doha or Dubai or Abu Dhabi or Kuwait or Riyadh.

Ni gradovi kakve danas vidite u Dohi, Dubaiju, Abu Dabiju, Kuvajtu ili Rijadu.

It wasn't that they couldn't develop cities.

Nije da tada nisu mogli razviti gradove,

Resources weren't there to develop them.

nisu postojali resursi za razviti ih.

And you can see that life expectancy was also short.

A možete vidjeti i da je očekivano trajanje života bilo kratko.

Most people died around the age of 50.

Većina ljudi umirala je u blizini 50-ih godina.

So let's move to chapter two: the oil era.

Krenimo na drugo poglavlje: doba nafte.

1939, that's when they discovered oil.

1939. godina, tada je nafta otkrivena.

But unfortunately, it wasn't really fully exploited commercially

Nažalost, nije u potpunosti komercijalno iskorištena

until after the Second World War.

do nakon Drugog svjetskog rata.

What did it do?

Što je nafta uzrokovala?

It changed the face of this country, as you can see today and witness.

Promijenila je ovu zemlju iz temelja, što danas možete vidjeti i osjetiti.

It also made all those people who roamed around the desert --

Ovo je, također, sve one ljude koji su lutali pustinjom -

looking for water, looking for food,

tražeći vodu, tražeći hranu,

trying to take care of their livestock -- urbanize.

pokušavajući se brinuti o stoci - urbaniziralo.

You might find this strange,

Ovo vam se može činiti čudnim,

but in my family we have different accents.

ali mi u mojoj obitelji imamo različite naglaske.

My mother has an accent that is so different to my father,

Moja majka ima naglasak koji je vrlo različit od naglaska mog oca,

and we're all a population of about 300,000 people in the same country.

a populacija smo od otprilike 300.000 ljudi u istoj državi.

There are about five or six accents in this country as I speak.

Danas u ovoj zemlji postoje pet ili šest različitih naglasaka.

Someone says, "How so? How could this happen?"

Netko se može pitati: "Kako? Kako se ovo moglo dogoditi?"

Because we lived scattered.

Zato što smo živjeli raspršeno.

We couldn't live in a concentrated way simply because there was no resources.

Nismo mogli živjeti na koncentriranom prostoru jednostavno zato što nije bilo resursa.

And when the resources came, be it oil,

A kada su resursi stigli, bila je to nafta,

we started building these fancy technologies

počeli smo razvijati moderne tehnologije

and bringing people together because we needed the concentration.

i skupljati ljude zajedno jer smo trebali koncentraciju.

People started to get to know each other.

Ljudi su se počeli upoznavati.

And we realized that there are some differences in accents.

I shvatili smo da postoje razlike u naglascima.

So that is the chapter two: the oil era.

Dakle, ovo je poglavlje dva: doba nafte.

Let's look at today.

Pogledajmo današnju sliku.

This is probably the skyline that most of you know about Doha.

Ovo je krajolik po kojem većina vas vjerojatno zna Dohu.

So what's the population today?

Koja je današnja populacija?

It's 1.7 million people.

Ona iznosi 1.7 milijuna ljudi.

That is in less than 60 years.

Ovo se dogodilo u manje od 60 godina.

The average growth of our economy is about 15 percent for the past five years.

Prosječan rast gospodarstva je približno 15 posto u proteklih pet godina.

Lifespan has increased to 78.

Očekivani životni vijek se produžio na 78.

Water consumption has increased to 430 liters.

Potrošnja vode je porasla na 430 litara po osobi.

And this is amongst the highest worldwide.

I među najvećima je u svijetu.

From having no water whatsoever

Od potpune nestašice vode

to consuming water to the highest degree, higher than any other nation.

do potrošnje na najvišoj razini, višoj od bilo koje druge nacije.

I don't know if this was a reaction to lack of water.

Ne znam je li ovo rezultat nestašice vode.

But what is interesting about the story that I've just said?

Ali što je zanimljivo u priči koju sam upravo ispričao?

The interesting part is that we continue to grow

Zanimljiv dio je što nastavljamo rasti

15 percent every year for the past five years without water.

15 posto svake godine u proteklih pet godina, bez vode.

Now that is historic. It's never happened before in history.

Ovo je nešto povijesno. Nikad se ranije nije dogodilo u povijesti.

Cities were totally wiped out because of the lack of water.

Gradovi su u potpunosti izbrisani zbog nedostatka vode.

This is history being made in this region.

Povijest se piše u ovoj regiji.

Not only cities that we're building,

Ne samo gradovi koje gradimo,

but cities with dreams and people who are wishing to be scientists, doctors.

nego gradovi sa snovima i ljudima koji žele biti znanstvenici, doktori.

Build a nice home, bring the architect, design my house.

Živi, sagradi lijep dom, dovedi arhitekta, dizajniraj kuću.

These people are adamant that this is a livable space when it wasn't.

Ovi ljudi su uporni da je ovo prostor za život, iako nije bio.

But of course, with the use of technology.

Ali naravno, uz korištenje tehnologije.

So Brazil has 1,782 millimeters per year of precipitation of rain.

Brazil ima 1.782 milimetara kiše i padalina godišnje.

Qatar has 74, and we have that growth rate.

Katar ima 74, ali imamo ovakvu stopu rasta.

The question is how.

Pitanje je, kako?

How could we survive that?

Kako smo uspjeli to preživjeti?

We have no water whatsoever.

Uopće nemamo vode.

Simply because of this gigantic, mammoth machine called desalination.

Jednostavno zbog ovog gigantskog, mamutskog stroja zvanog desalinizator.

Energy is the key factor here. It changed everything.

Energija je ovdje ključni faktor. Sve je promijenila.

It is that thing that we pump out of the ground, we burn tons of,

Ona je to što pumpamo iz tla, čega tone spaljujemo,

probably most of you used it coming to Doha.

većina ju je vjerojatno koristila tijekom dolaska u Dohu.

So that is our lake, if you can see it.

To je, dakle, naše jezero, ako ga možete zamisliti.

That is our river.

To je naša rijeka.

That is how you all happen to use and enjoy water.

Tako se dogodilo da svi vi možete koristiti i uživati vodu.

This is the best technology that this region could ever have: desalination.

To je najbolja tehnologija koju ova regija ikad može imati: desalinizacija.

So what are the risks?

Što su rizici?

Do you worry much?

Brine li vas to mnogo?

I would say, perhaps if you look at the global facts,

Rekao bih, pogledate li možda globalne činjenice,

you will realize, of course I have to worry.

shvatit ćete, naravno da se brinem.

There is growing demand, growing population.

Potražnja je sve snažnija, populacija raste,

We've turned seven billion only a few months ago.

A premašili smo sedam milijardi prije tek nekoliko mjeseci.

And so that number also demands food.

Ovaj broj ljudi zahjeva hranu.

And there's predictions that we'll be nine billion by 2050.

Postoje predviđanja da će nas biti devet milijardi do 2050.

So a country that has no water

I zato se zemlja koja nema vode

has to worry about what happens beyond its borders.

mora brinuti što se događa izvan njezinih granica.

There's also changing diets.

Prehrana se također mijenja.

By elevating to a higher socio-economic level,

Porastom na viši socio-ekonomski nivo,

they also change their diet.

ljudi također mijenjaju svoju prehranu.

They start eating more meat and so on and so forth.

Počinju jesti više mesa i sve što slijedi.

On the other hand, there is declining yields

U drugu ruku, prinosi padaju

because of climate change and because of other factors.

zbog klimatskih promjena i ostalih faktora.

And so someone has to really realize when the crisis is going to happen.

I netko mora zbilja shvatiti kad će se kriza dogoditi.

This is the situation in Qatar, for those who don't know.

Ovo je situacija u Katru, za one koji ne znaju.

We only have two days of water reserve.

Imamo rezervu vode za samo dva dana.

We import 90 percent of our food,

Uvozimo 90 posto naše hrane

and we only cultivate less than one percent of our land.

i obrađujemo manje od jednog postotka naše zemlje.

The limited number of farmers that we have

Ograničeni broj poljoprivrednika koje imamo

have been pushed out of their farming practices

nikad nisu bili izgurani od svojih poljoprivrednih praksi

as a result of open market policy and bringing the big competitions, etc., etc.

kao rezultat otvorenog tržišta i dolaska velikih igrača itd.

So we also face risks.

Zbog toga i nama prijete rizici.

These risks directly affect the sustainability of this nation and its continuity.

Ovi rizici direktno utječu na održivost ove nacije i naš opstanak.

The question is, is there a solution?

Pitanje je: postoji li rješenje?

Is there a sustainable solution?

Postoji li održivo rješenje?

Indeed there is.

Zapravo, postoji.

This slide sums up thousands of pages of technical documents

Ovaj prikaz sažima tisuće stranica tehničkih dokumenata

that we've been working on over the past two years.

na kojima radimo u protekle dvije godine.

Let's start with the water.

Krenimo od vode.

So we know very well -- I showed you earlier -- that we need this energy.

Znamo vrlo dobro - ranije sam vam pokazao - da trebamo energiju.

So if we're going to need energy, what sort of energy?

Ako će nam trebati energija, koji tip energije?

A depletable energy? Fossil fuel?

Iscrpljiva energija? Fosilna goriva?

Or should we use something else?

Ili bismo trebali koristiti nešto drugo?

Do we have the comparative advantage to use another sort of energy?

Imamo li komparativnu prednost u korištenju neke druge verste energije?

I guess most of you by now realize that we do: 300 days of sun.

Pretpostavljam da vas do sada većina shvaća da imamo: 300 dana sunca.

And so we will use that renewable energy to produce the water that we need.

Koristit ćemo ovu obnovljivu energiju da proizvedemo vodu koja nam je potrebna.

And we will probably put 1,800 megawatts of solar systems

Vjerojatno ćemo postaviti 1.800 megavata solarnih sustava

to produce 3.5 million cubic meters of water.

da bismo proizveli 3,5 milijuna kubičnih metara vode.

And that is a lot of water.

A to je mnogo vode.

That water will go then to the farmers,

Ova će voda zatim ići poljoprivrednicima

and the farmers will be able to water their plants,

i poljoprivrednici će moći zalijevati svoje biljke,

and they will be able then to supply society with food.

i bit će u mogućnosti opskrbiti društvo hranom.

But in order to sustain the horizontal line --

Ali kako bi horizontalna linija bila održiva -

because these are the projects, these are the systems that we will deliver --

jer ovo su projekti, ovo su sustavi koje ćemo isporučiti -

we need to also develop the vertical line:

moramo također razviti i vertikalnu liniju:

system sustenance, high-level education, research and development,

održavanje sustava, obrazovanje na visokom nivou, istraživanje i razvoj,

industries, technologies, to produce these technologies for application, and finally markets.

industrija, tehnologije, kako bismo proizveli ove tehnologije za primjenu i konačno za tržišta.

But what gels all of it, what enables it, is legislation, policies, regulations.

Ali ono što pokreće i omogućuje je sve ovo je zakonodavstvo, politike i regulacije.

Without it we can't do anything.

Bez njih, ne možemo ništa.

So that's what we are planning to do.

I to je ono što planiramo učiniti.

Within two years we should hopefully be done with this plan

U sljedeće dvije godine nadamo se završiti s ovim planom

and taking it to implementation.

i prijeći na njegovu implementaciju.

Our objective is to be a millennium city, just like many millennium cities around:

Naš cilj je biti milenijski grad, kao mnogi milenijski gradovi drugdje:

Istanbul, Rome, London, Paris, Damascus, Cairo.

Istanbul, Rim, London, Pariz, Damask, Kairo.

We are only 60 years old, but we want to live forever

Stari smo samo 60 godina, ali želimo živjeti zauvijek

as a city, to live in peace.

kao grad, živjeti u miru.

Thank you very much.

Mnogo vam hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)