The benefits of good posture - Murat Dalkilinç

16,004,883 views ・ 2015-07-30

TED-Ed


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Prevodilac: Mirjana Čutura Lektor: Tijana Mihajlović
00:07
Has anyone ever told you, "Stand up straight!"
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Da li vam je iko ikada rekao: „Ispravi se!“
00:11
or scolded you for slouching at a family dinner?
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ili vas je prekoreo zbog pogrbljenog sedenja za vreme porodične večere?
00:14
Comments like that might be annoying, but they're not wrong.
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Takvi komentari su možda iritirajući, ali nisu pogrešni.
00:18
Your posture, the way you hold your body when you're sitting or standing,
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Vaše držanje, položaj vašeg tela pri sedenju ili stajanju,
00:22
is the foundation for every movement your body makes,
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je osnova svakog pokreta vašeg tela
00:26
and can determine how well your body adapts to the stresses on it.
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i može odrediti koliko se dobro ono prilagođava na napore.
00:30
These stresses can be things like carrying weight,
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Ovi napori mogu biti stvari kao što su nošenje tereta
00:33
or sitting in an awkward position.
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ili sedenje u čudnom položaju,
00:35
And the big one we all experience all day every day: gravity.
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a veliki napor koji svi doživljavamo ceo dan, svaki dan - gravitacija.
00:41
If your posture isn't optimal,
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Ako vaše držanje nije optimalno,
00:42
your muscles have to work harder to keep you upright and balanced.
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vaši mišići rade napornije
da vas održavaju u uspravnom i uravnoteženom položaju.
00:46
Some muscles will become tight and inflexbile.
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Neki mišići će postati zategnuti i nesavitljivi.
00:49
Others will be inhibited.
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Drugi će biti inhibirani.
00:51
Over time, these dysfunctional adaptations
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Vremenom ova neodgovarajuća prilagođavanja
00:54
impair your body's ability to deal with the forces on it.
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onemogućuju sposobnost vašeg tela da se nosi sa silama koje deluju na njega.
00:58
Poor posture inflicts extra wear and tear on your joints and ligaments,
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Loše držanje prouzrokuje dodatno trošenje vaših zglobova i ligamenata,
01:02
increases the likelihood of accidents,
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što povećava mogućnost da se nezgode dogode
01:05
and makes some organs, like your lungs, less efficient.
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i čini neke organe, kao što su pluća, manje efikasnim.
01:09
Researchers have linked poor posture to scoliosis,
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Istraživači su našli vezu između lošeg držanja i skolioze,
01:12
tension headaches,
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glavobolje
01:13
and back pain,
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i bolova u leđima,
01:15
though it isn't the exclusive cause of any of them.
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iako loše držanje nije jedini uzročnik nijednog od ovih oboljenja.
01:18
Posture can even influence your emotional state
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Vaše držanje može čak da utiče na vaše emocionalno stanje
01:21
and your sensitivity to pain.
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i vašu osetljivost na bol.
01:23
So there are a lot of reasons to aim for good posture.
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Stoga postoji mnogo razloga da težimo da imamo dobro držanje.
01:27
But it's getting harder these days.
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Međutim, to postaje sve teže ovih dana.
01:29
Sitting in an awkward position for a long time can promote poor posture,
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Dugo sedenje u čudnom položaju može da utiče na loše držanje,
01:33
and so can using computers or mobile devices,
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baš kao i korišćenje kompjutera ili mobilnih uređaja
01:37
which encourage you to look downward.
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koji vas teraju da gladate na dole.
01:39
Many studies suggest that, on average, posture is getting worse.
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Mnoga istraživanja tvrde da se, u proseku, naše držanje pogoršava.
01:43
So what does good posture look like?
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Kako izgleda dobro držanje?
01:46
When you look at the spine from the front or the back,
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Kada gledate kičmu spreda ili straga,
01:48
all 33 vertebrae should appear stacked in a straight line.
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sva 33 pršljenja treba da izgledaju
kao da su naslagana jedan na drugi u pravoj liniji.
01:53
From the side, the spine should have three curves:
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Gledano sa strane kičma treba da ima tri krivine:
01:56
one at your neck, one at your shoulders, and one at the small of your back.
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jednu kod vrata, jednu kod ramena i jednu kod lumbalnog dela kičme.
02:01
You aren't born with this s-shaped spine.
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Nismo rođeni sa kičmom u obliku latiničnog slova „s“.
02:03
Babies' spines just have one curve like a "c."
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Kičme beba imaju samo jednu krivinu u obliku latiničnog slova „c“.
02:06
The other curves usually develop by 12-18 months
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Ostale krivine se obično razviju do perioda između 12 i 18 meseci
02:10
as the muscles strengthen.
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dok mišići ojačavaju.
02:12
These curves help us stay upright and absorb some of the stress
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Ove krivine nam pomažu da stojimo pravo i da apsorbuju neke od napora
02:16
from activities like walking and jumping.
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prouzrokovanih aktivnostima kao što su hodanje i skakanje.
02:19
If they are aligned properly,
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Ako su pravilno poravnane,
02:20
when you're standing up,
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kada stojite
02:22
you should be able to draw a straight line
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treba da možete da povučete pravu liniju
02:24
from a point just in front of your shoulders,
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od tačke tek ispred vaših ramena
02:26
to behind your hip,
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preko tačke iza vaših kukova
02:27
to the front of your knee,
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i tačke ispred vašeg kolena
02:29
to a few inches in front of your ankle.
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do tačke na nekoliko centimetara ispred vašeg zgloba na nozi.
02:32
This keeps your center of gravity directly over your base of support,
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Ovo održava vaš centar gravitacije tačno iznad vašeg potporne osnove,
02:36
which allows you to move efficiently
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što vam omogućava da se krećete efikasnije
02:38
with the least amount of fatigue and muscle strain.
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uz minimalan zamor i mičićni napor.
02:41
If you're sitting, your neck should be vertical,
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Ako sedite, vrat treba da vam bude u vertikalnom položaju,
02:43
not tilted forward.
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a ne nagnut napred.
02:45
Your shoulders should be relaxed with your arms close to your trunk.
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Ramena treba da vam budu opuštena, a ruke blizu tela.
02:49
Your knees should be at a right angle with your feet flat on the floor.
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Kolena treba da vam budu pod pravim uglom, a stopala postavljena ravno na pod.
02:53
But what if your posture isn't that great?
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A šta ako vaše držanje nije baš tako sjajno?
02:56
Try redesigning your environment.
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Probajte da redizajnirate svoju okolinu.
02:59
Adjust your screen so it's at or slightly below eyelevel.
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Prilagodite ekran da bude u nivou očiju ili malo ispod njega.
03:03
Make sure all parts of your body,
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Postarajte se da su vam svi delovi tela,
03:05
like your elbows and wrists, are supported,
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kao što su laktovi i ručni zglobovi,
poduprti uz upotrebu ergonomskih pomagala ako je neophodno.
03:08
using ergonomic aids if you need to.
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03:11
Try sleeping on your side with your neck supported
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Probajte da spavate na strani sa poduprtim vratom
03:14
and with a pillow between your legs.
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i sa jastukom između nogu.
03:16
Wear shoes with low heels and good arch support,
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Nosite cipele sa niskom petom i dobrom potporom za svod stopala
03:20
and use a headset for phone calls.
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i koristite slušalice kada telefonirate.
03:22
It's also not enough to just have good posture.
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Takođe, nije dovoljno imati samo dobro držanje.
03:25
Keeping your muscles and joints moving is extremely important.
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Veoma je važno neprekidno pomerati mišiće i zglobove.
03:30
In fact, being stationary for long periods with good posture
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U stvari, biti dugo nepokretan i imati dobro držanje
03:34
can be worse than regular movement with bad posture.
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može biti gore nego se redovno kretati i imati loše držanje.
03:38
When you do move, move smartly.
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Kada se krećete, radite to pametno.
03:41
Keep anything you're carrying close to your body.
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Držite blizu tela sve što nosite.
03:43
Backpacks should be in contact with your back carried symetrically.
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Rančevi treba da budu naslonjeni na leđa i poravnani.
03:48
If you sit a lot, get up and move around on occassion,
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Ako puno sedite, povremeno ustanite, krećite se
03:52
and be sure to exercise.
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i ne zaboravite da vežbate.
03:54
Using your muscles will keep them strong enough to support you effectively,
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Ako koristite svoje mišiće,
biće dovoljno snažni da vam pružaju efikasnu potporu
03:58
on top of all the other benefits to your joints, bones, brain and heart.
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povrh svih ostalih koristi za zglobove, kosti, mozak i srce.
04:03
And if you're really worried, check with a physical therapist,
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A ako ste zaista zabrinuti, proverite sa svojim fizioterapeutom,
04:07
because yes, you really should stand up straight.
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jer zaista treba da stojite pravo.
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