Liza Donnelly: Drawing upon humor for change

96,744 views ・ 2011-01-27

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譯者: Shelley Krishna Tsang 審譯者: Fumin Chiu
00:17
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
00:24
I was afraid of womanhood.
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我曾經很怕女性特質。
00:27
Not that I'm not afraid now,
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我不能說我現在不害怕了,
00:29
but I've learned to pretend.
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但我已經學會了偽裝。
00:31
I've learned to be flexible.
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我已經學會了靈活。
00:33
In fact, I've developed some interesting tools
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事實上,我已經開發了一些有趣的工具
00:35
to help me deal with this fear.
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來幫助我對付這種恐懼。
00:37
Let me explain.
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讓我解釋一下。
00:39
Back in the '50s and '60s, when I was growing up,
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早在50年代和60年代,就是我成長的年代,
00:41
little girls were supposed to be kind and thoughtful
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小女孩應該是善良、體貼、
00:43
and pretty and gentle and soft,
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漂亮、溫婉和輕柔的。
00:46
and we were supposed to fit into roles
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而我們應該適應角色
00:48
that were sort of shadowy --
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是有點朦朧。
00:50
really not quite clear what we were supposed to be.
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真的不是很清楚什麼應該是我們。
00:52
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
00:56
There were plenty of role models all around us.
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我們周圍有很多榜樣。
00:58
We had our mothers, our aunts, our cousins, our sisters,
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我們有我們的母親、我們的阿姨、我們的堂表姐妹、姐妹,
01:01
and of course, the ever-present media
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以及,當然,永遠存在的媒體
01:03
bombarding us with images and words,
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用圖像和文字轟炸我們,
01:06
telling us how to be.
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告訴我們應該如何做。
01:09
Now my mother was different.
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而我的母親是不同的。
01:11
She was a homemaker,
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她是一個家庭主婦,
01:13
but she and I didn't go out and do girlie things together,
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但她和我沒有出去一起做娘娘腔的東西。
01:15
and she didn't buy me pink outfits.
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她並沒有給我買粉紅色的衣服。
01:17
Instead, she knew what I needed, and she bought me a book of cartoons.
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相反,她知道我需要什麼,她給我買了漫畫書。
01:20
And I just ate it up.
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而我對它愛不釋手。
01:22
I drew, and I drew,
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我畫了又畫,
01:24
and since I knew that humor was acceptable in my family,
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因為我知道在我家是可以接受幽默的,
01:27
I could draw, do what I wanted to do,
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我可以畫畫,做我想做的事,
01:29
and not have to perform, not have to speak --
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而不用表演、不用說話 --
01:31
I was very shy --
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我曾經很害羞 --
01:33
and I could still get approval.
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而我仍然可以得到認同。
01:36
I was launched as a cartoonist.
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我被推為一個漫畫家。
01:40
Now when we're young,
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正當我們年輕的時候,
01:42
we don't always know. We know there are rules out there,
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我們並不總是知道 -- 我們知道外面有規則,
01:45
but we don't always know --
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但我們並不總是知道 --
01:47
we don't perform them right,
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我們沒有正確執行它們,
01:49
even though we are imprinted at birth
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儘管在我們出生時就存在
01:51
with these things,
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有這些東西,
01:54
and we're told
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我們被告知
01:56
what the most important color in the world is.
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什麼是世界上最重要的顏色。
01:59
We're told what shape we're supposed to be in.
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我們被告知我們應該是什麼形狀。
02:02
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
02:05
We're told what to wear --
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我們被告知應該穿什麼衣服 --
02:07
(Laughter)
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(笑)
02:09
-- and how to do our hair --
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-- 和我們的頭髮應該怎麼辦 --
02:11
(Laughter)
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(笑)
02:16
-- and how to behave.
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-- 還有如何行為舉止。
02:19
Now the rules that I'm talking about
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現在我在說的規則
02:21
are constantly being monitored by the culture.
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是不斷地被文化監測的。
02:23
We're being corrected,
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我們被糾正。
02:25
and the primary policemen are women,
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而這些基層民警是女性,
02:28
because we are the carriers of the tradition.
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因為我們正是這傳統的繼承者。
02:30
We pass it down from generation to generation.
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我們將它傳遞了一代又一代。
02:34
Not only that --
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此外,
02:36
we always have this vague notion
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我們總是有種模糊的概念
02:38
that something's expected of us.
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有些什麼東西在期望著我們。
02:40
And on top of all off these rules,
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而在所有這些規則之上,
02:43
they keep changing.
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他們不斷發生變化。
02:45
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
02:49
We don't know what's going on half the time,
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我們在一半的時間裡不知道發生了什麼事,
02:52
so it puts us in a very tenuous position.
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所以這讓我們置身於一個非常脆弱的位置。
02:55
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
02:57
Now if you don't like these rules,
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現在,如果你不喜歡這些規則,
02:59
and many of us don't --
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而我們很多人都不喜歡 --
03:01
I know I didn't, and I still don't,
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我知道我之前不喜歡,我仍然不喜歡,
03:04
even though I follow them half the time,
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雖然有一半時間我遵守著它們,
03:06
not quite aware that I'm following them --
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而並不清楚我在遵守它們 --
03:08
what better way than to change them [than] with humor?
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還有什麼比幽默更好的辦法去改變他們?
03:13
Humor relies on the traditions of a society.
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幽默依賴於社會的傳統。
03:16
It takes what we know, and it twists it.
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它將我們所知道的,做了些扭曲。
03:19
It takes the codes of behavior and the codes of dress,
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它隱身於行為守則和社會規範,
03:21
and it makes it unexpected,
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而製造出意外效(笑)果,
03:23
and that's what elicits a laugh.
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而這正是如此 能讓人會心一笑。
03:25
Now what if you put together women and humor?
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現在,如果你把婦女和幽默放在一起會怎樣?
03:28
I think you can get change.
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我想你可以得到改變。
03:30
Because women are on the ground floor,
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因為婦女就是基層,
03:32
and we know the traditions so well,
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而且我們最了解傳統,
03:34
we can bring a different voice to the table.
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我們可以把不同的聲音帶上檯面。
03:36
Now I started drawing
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現在我開始在
03:38
in the middle of a lot of chaos.
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混亂之中畫畫。
03:40
I grew up not far from here in Washington D.C.
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我在離這裡不遠的華盛頓特區長大。
03:42
during the Civil Rights movement, the assassinations,
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歷經民權運動,暗殺事件,
03:45
the Watergate hearings and then the feminist movement,
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水門事件聽證會,然後到女權運動。
03:48
and I think I was drawing,
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而我覺得我是在透過繪畫,
03:50
trying to figure out what was going on.
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試圖找出到底發生了什麼事。
03:52
And then also my family was in chaos,
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然後我的家人也是在一片混亂之中。
03:55
and I drew to try to bring my family together --
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而我用繪畫設法把我的家人放在一起 --
03:58
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
04:03
-- try to bring my family together with laughter.
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-- 用笑聲盡量把我的家人放在一起。
04:06
It didn't work.
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它沒有成功。
04:08
My parents got divorced, and my sister was arrested.
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我的父母離婚了,妹妹被逮捕。
04:11
But I found my place.
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但是我找到屬於我的地方。
04:13
I found that I didn't have to wear high heels,
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我發現我不需要穿高跟鞋,
04:15
I didn't have to wear pink,
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我不需要穿粉紅色,
04:17
and I could feel like I fit in.
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而我能感覺到自己很自在。
04:20
Now when I was a little older, in my 20s,
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當我年紀大一點的時候,20多歲,
04:23
I realized there are not many women in cartooning.
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我意識到沒有太多的婦女在畫漫畫。
04:26
And I thought, "Well, maybe I can break
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我想,“嗯,也許我可以打破
04:28
the little glass ceiling of cartooning,"
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漫畫界的小小玻璃天花板。”
04:30
and so I did. I became a cartoonist.
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而我就這樣做了;我成為了一個漫畫家。
04:32
And then I thought -- in my 40s I started thinking,
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後來我又想到,在我40多歲的時候,我開始想,
04:35
"Well, why don't I do something?
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“哦,為什麼我不做些什麼呢?
04:37
I always loved political cartoons,
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我一直喜歡政治漫畫,
04:39
so why don't I do something with the content of my cartoons
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為什麼我不用我的漫畫做一些有關的內容
04:42
to make people think about the stupid rules that we're following
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使人們在思考的那些我們一直遵循的愚蠢規則的同時,
04:45
as well as laugh?"
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也會心一笑?“
04:48
Now my perspective
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現在我的觀點
04:50
is a particularly --
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是一個特別 -
04:52
(Laughter)
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(眾笑)
04:54
-- my perspective is a particularly American perspective.
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-- 我的觀點是特別美國的觀點。
04:56
I can't help it. I live here.
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我不能擺脫它。我住在這裡。
04:59
Even though I've traveled a lot,
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儘管我經常旅遊,
05:01
I still think like an American woman.
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我仍然像一個美國女人般思考。
05:03
But I believe that the rules that I'm talking about
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但我相信,那些我說的規則
05:05
are universal, of course --
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是普遍的,當然 --
05:07
that each culture has its different codes of behavior
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這每一種文化都有其不同的行為模式
05:10
and dress and traditions,
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和服飾和傳統,
05:12
and each woman has to deal with these same things
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而每個女人都要處理同樣的這些事,
05:14
that we do here in the U.S.
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像我們在美國這裡做的。
05:16
Consequently, we have.
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因此,我們 --
05:18
Women, because we're on the ground, we know the tradition.
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婦女,因為我們就是基層,我們知道傳統 --
05:21
We have amazing antennae.
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我們有驚人的敏銳度。
05:24
Now my work lately
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我最近的工作
05:26
has been to collaborate with international cartoonists,
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與國際漫畫家合作,
05:28
which I so enjoy,
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這個我很享受。
05:31
and it's given me a greater appreciation
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而它讓我更欣賞
05:33
for the power of cartoons
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用漫畫的力量
05:35
to get at the truth,
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來獲得真相,
05:39
to get at the issues quickly and succinctly.
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迅速和簡潔的獲得問題關鍵。
05:42
And not only that, it can get to the viewer
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不僅如此,它可以傳達給觀眾,
05:44
through not only the intellect, but through the heart.
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不只是經由智識,也同時能深入人心。
05:47
My work also has allowed me to collaborate
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我的工作也使我與
05:50
with women cartoonists from across the world --
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來自世界各地的女漫畫家合作 --
05:52
countries such as Saudi Arabia,
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國家,如沙特阿拉伯、
05:54
Iran, Turkey,
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伊朗、土耳其、
05:56
Argentina, France --
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阿根廷、法國 --
05:58
and we have sat together and laughed
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我們坐在一起,笑著聊天,
06:00
and talked and shared our difficulties.
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共享我們的困難。
06:02
And these women are working so hard to get their voices heard
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而這些婦女很努力的工作讓她們的聲音
06:05
in some very difficult circumstances.
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在一些非常困難的情況下被聽見。
06:08
But I feel blessed to be able to work with them.
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但能夠與她們合作我覺得很幸運。
06:12
And we talk about
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我們還談到
06:14
how women have such strong perceptions,
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為何婦女有如此強烈的看法,
06:16
because of our tenuous position
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因為我們脆弱的地位
06:18
and our role as tradition-keepers,
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和我們作為傳統保持者的角色,
06:21
that we can have the great potential
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我們可以有很大的潛力
06:24
to be change-agents.
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成為可變革推動者。
06:26
And I think, I truly believe,
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我認為,我真的相信,
06:29
that we can change this thing
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我們可以改變這種事情,
06:31
one laugh at a time.
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每次一笑。
06:33
Thank you.
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謝謝。
06:35
(Applause)
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(鼓掌)
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