Memory Banda: A Warrior’s Cry Against Child Marriage | TED

140,395 views ・ 2015-07-07

TED


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翻译人员: Quyu Kong 校对人员: Yinchun Rui
00:13
I'll begin today
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我将与大家分享一首诗,
00:14
by sharing a poem
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来开始今天的演讲。
00:16
written by my friend from Malawi,
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这首诗是我在马拉维的朋友,
00:20
Eileen Piri.
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Eileen Piri写的。
00:22
Eileen is only 13 years old,
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Eileen只有十三岁,
00:25
but when we were going through the collection of poetry that we wrote,
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但是我们曾一起阅读
我们自己写的诗集。
00:31
I found her poem so interesting,
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我发现她的诗不仅很有趣,
00:34
so motivating.
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还很能激励他人。
00:36
So I'll read it to you.
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所以我在这里把这首诗读给你们听。
00:38
She entitled her poem "I'll Marry When I Want."
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她把这首诗叫做
《只有当我想结婚时,我才会结婚》
00:42
(Laughter)
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(众人笑。)
00:45
"I'll marry when I want.
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“只有当我想结婚时,我才会结婚。
00:47
My mother can't force me to marry.
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我的母亲不能强迫我结婚,
00:52
My father cannot force me to marry.
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我的父亲也不能强迫我结婚。
00:57
My uncle, my aunt,
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无论是我的叔叔阿姨,
01:00
my brother or sister,
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还是兄弟姐妹,
01:02
cannot force me to marry.
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都不能强迫我结婚。
01:05
No one in the world
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世界上没有任何一个人
01:08
can force me to marry.
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能强迫我结婚。
01:11
I'll marry when I want.
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只有当我只有当我想结婚时,我才会结婚。
01:14
Even if you beat me,
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哪怕你殴打我,
01:17
even if you chase me away,
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哪怕你驱赶我,
01:19
even if you do anything bad to me,
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哪怕你对我做任何坏事,
01:22
I'll marry when I want.
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只有当我想结婚时,我才会结婚。
01:26
I'll marry when I want,
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只有当我想结婚时,我才会结婚,
01:29
but not before I am well educated,
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但不是在我接受过良好教育之前结婚,
01:33
and not before I am all grown up.
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也不是在我完全长大之前结婚。
01:37
I'll marry when I want."
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只有当我想结婚时,我才会结婚。”
01:40
This poem might seem odd,
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这首由13岁女孩写的诗,
01:43
written by a 13-year-old girl,
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也许看起来很奇怪。
01:47
but where I and Eileen come from,
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但是在我和Eileen的家乡,
01:52
this poem, which I have just read to you,
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这首我刚刚都给你们听的诗,
01:55
is a warrior's cry.
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是一种勇士的痛诉。
01:59
I am from Malawi.
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我来自马拉维。
02:03
Malawi is one of the poorest countries,
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马拉维是世界上最穷的国家之一,
02:07
very poor,
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真的非常穷。
02:09
where gender equality is questionable.
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在这里,性别平等是备受质疑的想法。
02:14
Growing up in that country,
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在那样的国家长大,
02:16
I couldn't make my own choices in life.
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我不能为我自己的人生做选择。
02:20
I couldn't even explore
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我甚至不能探索
02:22
personal opportunities in life.
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人生中属于我自己的机会。
02:25
I will tell you a story
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我给大家讲一个故事,
02:27
of two different girls,
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一个两个不同女孩的故事,
02:30
two beautiful girls.
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两个美丽女孩的故事。
02:34
These girls grew up
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这两个女孩成长
02:36
under the same roof.
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在同一屋檐下。
02:38
They were eating the same food.
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她们吃着同样的食物。
02:41
Sometimes, they would share clothes,
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有时,她们分享衣服,
02:44
and even shoes.
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甚至鞋子。
02:46
But their lives ended up differently,
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但她们的人生
02:51
in two different paths.
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走向了截然不同的道路。
02:55
The other girl is my little sister.
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一个女孩是我的妹妹。
02:58
My little sister was only 11 years old
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当我妹妹怀孕时,
03:03
when she got pregnant.
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她只有11岁。
03:08
It's a hurtful thing.
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只是一个很伤人的事。
03:13
Not only did it hurt her, even me.
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这件事不止伤害了她,甚至伤害到了我。
03:16
I was going through a hard time as well.
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我也为此经历了很艰难的时光。
03:20
As it is in my culture,
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在我们的文化中,
03:23
once you reach puberty stage,
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当你到了青春期,
03:26
you are supposed to go to initiation camps.
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你就应该参加启蒙营。
03:30
In these initiation camps,
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在这些启蒙营中,
03:33
you are taught how to sexually please a man.
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你会被教导如何以性取悦男人。
03:36
There is this special day,
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在营中,有一个特殊的日子,
03:38
which they call "Very Special Day"
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营里的人叫它“非常特别的一天”。
03:41
where a man who is hired by the community
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在这一天一个被社区雇佣的男人,
03:44
comes to the camp
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来到营中,
03:47
and sleeps with the little girls.
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和这些小女孩睡觉。
03:51
Imagine the trauma that these young girls
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想象一下这些年轻的姑娘每天
03:53
go through every day.
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都承受着怎样的伤害。
03:58
Most girls end up pregnant.
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许多女孩最后都怀孕了。
04:01
They even contract HIV and AIDS
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她们甚至感染了HIV和艾滋病,
04:04
and other sexually transmitted diseases.
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以及其他性传染病。
04:07
For my little sister, she ended up being pregnant.
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而我的妹妹最后怀孕了。
04:12
Today, she's only 16 years old
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今天,妹妹只有16岁,
04:16
and she has three children.
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但她有三个孩子。
04:19
Her first marriage did not survive,
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她的第一次婚姻和第二次婚姻
04:23
nor did her second marriage.
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都以离婚告场。
04:26
On the other side, there is this girl.
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但另一方面,那另一个女孩,
04:31
She's amazing.
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是令人称奇的。
04:33
(Laughter)
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(众人笑。)
04:35
(Applause)
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(掌声)
04:39
I call her amazing because she is.
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我之所以说她令人称奇,
04:42
She's very fabulous.
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是因为她真的很棒。
04:45
That girl is me. (Laughter)
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另一个女孩就是我。(众人笑。)
04:48
When I was 13 years old,
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当我13岁时,
04:51
I was told, you are grown up,
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我被告知,我已经长大了,
04:55
you have now reached of age,
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已经到了那个年纪了,
04:58
you're supposed to go to the initiation camp.
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应该去那个启蒙营了。
05:01
I was like, "What?
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我大概是这样回答的,“什么!
05:04
I'm not going to go to the initiation camps."
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我是不会去启蒙营的。“
05:10
You know what the women said to me?
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你知道那个女人对我说了什么吗?
05:13
"You are a stupid girl. Stubborn.
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她说,“你是个蠢姑娘。顽固的家伙。
05:16
You do not respect the traditions of our society, of our community."
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你不尊重我们社会,我们社区的传统。”
05:24
I said no because I knew where I was going.
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我说不,因为我知道我的路在哪。
05:27
I knew what I wanted in life.
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我知道我在生活中想要什么。
05:31
I had a lot of dreams as a young girl.
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作为一个年轻的女孩,我有许多梦想。
05:36
I wanted to get well educated,
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我想接受良好的教育,
05:39
to find a decent job in the future.
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以便在未来找到体面的工作。
05:42
I was imagining myself as a lawyer,
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我想象我作为一个律师,
05:44
seated on that big chair.
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坐在一个大椅子上。
05:46
Those were the imaginations that
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这些想象每天都会在我心中浮现。
05:49
were going through my mind every day.
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05:52
And I knew that one day,
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我知道总有一天,
05:54
I would contribute something, a little something to my community.
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我会为我的社区贡献一点东西。
05:58
But every day after refusing,
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但每天,我拒绝那个女人后,
06:01
women would tell me,
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那个女人都会对我说,
06:03
"Look at you, you're all grown up. Your little sister has a baby.
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“看看你,你已经长大了。
你的妹妹都有孩子了,
06:06
What about you?"
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而你呢?”
06:08
That was the music that I was hearing every day,
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那就是我每天听到的曲子,
06:13
and that is the music that girls hear every day
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也是当女孩们没有做社区所要求的事时
06:16
when they don't do something that the community needs them to do.
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她们每天听到的曲子。
06:23
When I compared the two stories between me and my sister,
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当我比较着我和我妹妹这两个不同的故事时,
06:27
I said, "Why can't I do something?
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我想,为什么我不能做些什么呢?
06:32
Why can't I change something that has happened for a long time
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为什么我不能改变我们社区中
06:37
in our community?"
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这一直发生的状况呢?"
06:39
That was when I called other girls
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这时,我召集了其他女孩,
06:42
just like my sister, who have children,
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像我的妹妹那样都有孩子的女孩。
06:44
who have been in class but they have forgotten how to read and write.
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她们上过学但已经忘记了怎样读书写字。
06:48
I said, "Come on, we can remind each other
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我说,“来吧,我们可以互相提醒,
06:50
how to read and write again,
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怎样再次阅读与书写,
06:52
how to hold the pen, how to read, to hold the book."
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怎样握笔,怎样朗读,怎样拿书。”
06:56
It was a great time I had with them.
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我和她们度过了愉快的时光。
06:59
Nor did I just learn a little about them,
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我不止是对她们多了一点肤浅了解,
07:04
but they were able to tell me their personal stories,
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而是我从她们那听到了她们自己的故事,
07:07
what they were facing every day
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以及作为年轻的母亲每天所面对的事。
07:09
as young mothers.
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07:12
That was when I was like,
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那时我想,
07:14
'Why can't we take all these things that are happening to us
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”为什么我们不能把发生在我们身上的事
07:17
and present them and tell our mothers, our traditional leaders,
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讲述给我们的母亲听,我们传统的领导人听。
07:21
that these are the wrong things?"
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告诉他们这些事是错的呢?”
07:23
It was a scary thing to do,
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这样做还是挺恐怖的,
07:25
because these traditional leaders,
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因为那些传统的领导人
07:27
they are already accustomed to the things
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已经习惯了这样的事。
07:30
that have been there for ages.
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这样的事也发生了很多年了。
07:32
A hard thing to change,
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确实是很难改变,
07:34
but a good thing to try.
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但是不妨一试。
07:37
So we tried.
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于是我们尝试了。
07:39
It was very hard, but we pushed.
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这确实很艰难,但我们挺过去了。
07:42
And I'm here to say that in my community,
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我在这里可以告诉大家,
07:45
it was the first community after girls
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我们的社区是第一个在
07:47
pushed so hard to our traditional leader,
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女孩们不断对这些传统领导人努力后,
07:51
and our leader stood up for us and said no girl has to be married
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领导人站在了我们这边,并宣布
07:55
before the age of 18.
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没有女孩必须在18岁前结婚。
07:57
(Applause)
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(掌声)
08:05
In my community,
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在我的社区中,
08:07
that was the first time a community,
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第一次定下了地方性地法规。
08:09
they had to call the bylaws,
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08:12
the first bylaw that protected girls
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是第一个在我们社区中
08:15
in our community.
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保护女孩的地方法规。
08:18
We did not stop there.
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我们并没有在此止步。
08:19
We forged ahead.
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我们更进一步。
08:22
We were determined to fight for girls not just in my community,
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我们坚信为女孩而战不只限于我的社区,
08:26
but even in other communities.
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而应该也在其他社区中这样做。
08:29
When the child marriage bill was being presented in February,
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在2月份,当童婚法案被提出后时,
08:33
we were there at the Parliament house.
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我们就待在国会大厦。
08:37
Every day, when the members of Parliament were entering,
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每天,当议会成员进入,
08:41
we were telling them, "Would you please support the bill?"
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我们就请求他们,“能请你支持这一法案吗?”
08:44
And we don't have much technology like here,
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我们那没有高科技,
08:49
but we have our small phones.
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但我们有自己的小手机。
08:51
So we said, "Why can't we get their numbers and text them?"
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于是我们想,为什么我们不能得到他们的号码
并向他们发短信呢?
08:56
So we did that. It was a good thing.
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于是我们那样做了。结果很好。
08:59
(Applause)
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(掌声)
09:01
So when the bill passed, we texted them back,
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所以当法案通过时,我们也再发短信,
09:04
"Thank you for supporting the bill."
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“感谢您对法案的支持。”
09:06
(Laughter)
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(众人笑。)
09:07
And when the bill was signed by the president,
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当法案由总统签署,
09:11
making it into law, it was a plus.
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变成法律时,就又是一个进步。
09:14
Now, in Malawi, 18 is the legal marriage age, from 15 to 18.
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现在,在马维拉,18周岁时法定结婚年龄。
是从15周岁改进到18周岁的。
09:20
(Applause)
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(掌声)
09:26
It's a good thing to know that the bill passed,
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知道这法案通过是很令人高兴的,
09:30
but let me tell you this:
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但让我告诉你,
09:33
There are countries where 18 is the legal marriage age,
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在那些18周岁是法定结婚年龄的国家,
09:37
but don't we hear cries of women and girls every day?
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难道我们没有听到女性和女孩每天的啜泣吗?
09:41
Every day, girls' lives are being wasted away.
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每天,女孩的生活都被浪费。
09:47
This is high time for leaders to honor their commitment.
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现在到了领导人们尊重这一事业的时候了。
09:53
In honoring this commitment,
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尊重这一事业,
09:56
it means keeping girls' issues at heart every time.
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意味着每一次都把女孩们的问题放在心上。
10:01
We don't have to be subjected as second,
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我们不想被当作二等公民对待。
10:05
but they have to know that women, as we are in this room,
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但他们应该知道,就像这一屋子中的女人一样,
10:09
we are not just women, we are not just girls,
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我们不只是女人,不只是女孩。
10:13
we are extraordinary.
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我们不同凡响。
10:14
We can do more.
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我们能做到更多。
10:16
And another thing for Malawi,
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另一件事是,
10:19
and not just Malawi but other countries:
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对于马拉维和其他国家来说,
10:22
The laws which are there,
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法律是在那里的。
10:26
you know how a law is not a law until it is enforced?
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但没有被执行的法律就不是法律。
10:32
The law which has just recently passed
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这刚刚被通过的童婚法,
10:35
and the laws that in other countries have been there,
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和其他国家已有的法律
10:38
they need to be publicized at the local level,
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需要在地方级,在社区级,
10:42
at the community level,
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在这些女孩面对的问题突出的地方,
10:44
where girls' issues are very striking.
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广而告之,不断宣传。
10:49
Girls face issues, difficult issues, at the community level every day.
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女孩每天都在社区中面对着很艰难的问题。
10:55
So if these young girls know that there are laws that protect them,
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如果这些女孩知道有法律保护着她们,
11:00
they will be able to stand up and defend themselves
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她们就会站起身来,为自己辩护。
11:03
because they will know that there is a law that protects them.
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因为她们知道有法律能保护她们。
11:09
And another thing I would say is that
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我想说的另一件事是,
11:13
girls' voices and women's voices
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女孩和女性的声音
11:17
are beautiful, they are there,
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是美妙的,就在哪。
11:20
but we cannot do this alone.
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但我们不能只是这样听。
11:23
Male advocates, they have to jump in,
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男性中的支持者也应该站出来,
11:26
to step in and work together.
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一起为此努力。
11:28
It's a collective work.
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这是一个集体性的工作。
11:31
What we need is what girls elsewhere need:
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我们需要的也是其他地方女孩需要的:
11:33
good education, and above all, not to marry whilst 11.
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好的教育,以及最重要的,不在11岁就结婚。
11:42
And furthermore,
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更进一步的是,
11:44
I know that together,
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我知道我们一起,
11:48
we can transform the legal,
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能够改变法律,
11:51
the cultural and political framework
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改变文化和改变政治框架。
11:55
that denies girls of their rights.
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这些否认女孩权利的东西。
11:59
I am standing here today
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我今天站在这,告知大家,
12:04
and declaring that we can end child marriage in a generation.
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我们在一代人的时间里就能禁止童婚。
12:12
This is the moment
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而那时,
12:14
where a girl and a girl, and millions of girls worldwide,
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就是全球数以亿计的女孩,
12:19
will be able to say,
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能够说出,
12:21
"I will marry when I want."
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“只有当我想结婚时,我才会结婚。”
12:25
(Applause)
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(掌声)
12:35
Thank you. (Applause)
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谢谢大家。(掌声)
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