Memory Banda: A Warrior’s Cry Against Child Marriage | TED

140,395 views ・ 2015-07-07

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譯者: Marssi Draw 審譯者: Regina Chu
00:13
I'll begin today
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今天我要以
00:14
by sharing a poem
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分享一首詩來開場,
00:16
written by my friend from Malawi,
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作者是我在馬拉威的朋友
00:20
Eileen Piri.
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艾琳.琵里。
00:22
Eileen is only 13 years old,
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艾琳只有 13 歲,
00:25
but when we were going through the collection of poetry that we wrote,
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但當我們逐一細讀 大家合著的詩集時,
00:31
I found her poem so interesting,
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我發現她的詩很有趣,
00:34
so motivating.
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非常啟迪人心。
00:36
So I'll read it to you.
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在此我朗誦給大家聽。
00:38
She entitled her poem "I'll Marry When I Want."
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她的詩題是 《我想結婚的時候才結婚》。
00:42
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
00:45
"I'll marry when I want.
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「我想結婚的時候才結婚。
00:47
My mother can't force me to marry.
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我的母親不能逼迫我結婚。
00:52
My father cannot force me to marry.
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我的父親不能逼迫我結婚。
00:57
My uncle, my aunt,
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我的伯父、阿姨、
01:00
my brother or sister,
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兄弟姊妹
01:02
cannot force me to marry.
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都不能逼迫我結婚。
01:05
No one in the world
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世界上沒有人
01:08
can force me to marry.
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可以逼迫我結婚。
01:11
I'll marry when I want.
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我想結婚的時候才結婚。
01:14
Even if you beat me,
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即使你打我,
01:17
even if you chase me away,
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即使你追著我跑,
01:19
even if you do anything bad to me,
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即使你無所不用其極,
01:22
I'll marry when I want.
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我想結婚的時候才結婚。
01:26
I'll marry when I want,
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我想結婚的時候才結婚,
01:29
but not before I am well educated,
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但要等到我學業有成,
01:33
and not before I am all grown up.
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等到我長大成人。
01:37
I'll marry when I want."
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我想結婚的時候才結婚。」
01:40
This poem might seem odd,
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這首詩聽起來也許奇怪,
01:43
written by a 13-year-old girl,
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由 13 歲女孩所寫,
01:47
but where I and Eileen come from,
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但在我和艾琳的家鄉,
01:52
this poem, which I have just read to you,
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這首我唸給各位聽的詩,
01:55
is a warrior's cry.
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是一位勇士的呼喊。
01:59
I am from Malawi.
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我來自馬拉威,
02:03
Malawi is one of the poorest countries,
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在世界上名列極為貧窮國之一,
02:07
very poor,
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非常窮,
02:09
where gender equality is questionable.
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性別平等在那裡是個大問號。
02:14
Growing up in that country,
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在那個國家成長,
02:16
I couldn't make my own choices in life.
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我不能為自己的人生做決定。
02:20
I couldn't even explore
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我甚至不能探索
02:22
personal opportunities in life.
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自己生命中的機會。
02:25
I will tell you a story
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我和大家分享一個故事,
02:27
of two different girls,
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主角是兩個不同的女孩,
02:30
two beautiful girls.
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兩位漂亮的女孩。
02:34
These girls grew up
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她們在同一個屋簷下長大。
02:36
under the same roof.
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02:38
They were eating the same food.
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吃一樣的食物,
02:41
Sometimes, they would share clothes,
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有時候她們要共用衣服,
02:44
and even shoes.
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就連鞋子也是。
02:46
But their lives ended up differently,
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但她們的生命際遇完全不同,
02:51
in two different paths.
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她們走上不同的道路。
02:55
The other girl is my little sister.
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另一位女孩是我的妹妹。
02:58
My little sister was only 11 years old
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我妹妹才 11 歲大的時候
03:03
when she got pregnant.
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就懷孕了。
03:08
It's a hurtful thing.
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那是讓人很心痛的事。
03:13
Not only did it hurt her, even me.
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不只是讓她心痛,也讓我心痛。
03:16
I was going through a hard time as well.
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我也經歷了一段艱難時刻。
03:20
As it is in my culture,
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在我的文化背景裡,
03:23
once you reach puberty stage,
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只要到了青春期階段,
03:26
you are supposed to go to initiation camps.
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大家就認為你應該要參加啟蒙營。
03:30
In these initiation camps,
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這些啟蒙營
03:33
you are taught how to sexually please a man.
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會教你要怎麼在性事上取悅男人。
03:36
There is this special day,
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還有一個特別的日子,
03:38
which they call "Very Special Day"
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他們稱為「非常特別日」,
03:41
where a man who is hired by the community
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社區會聘請一名男性
03:44
comes to the camp
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來到營地
03:47
and sleeps with the little girls.
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和小女孩上床。
03:51
Imagine the trauma that these young girls
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想像這些年輕女孩受的創傷
03:53
go through every day.
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日以繼夜不斷上演。
03:58
Most girls end up pregnant.
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很多女孩都懷孕了。
04:01
They even contract HIV and AIDS
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甚至被傳染 人類免疫缺陷病毒和愛滋病,
04:04
and other sexually transmitted diseases.
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以及其它透過性交傳染的疾病。
04:07
For my little sister, she ended up being pregnant.
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而我小妹則是懷孕了。
04:12
Today, she's only 16 years old
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現在她才 16 歲
04:16
and she has three children.
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就有三個孩子了。
04:19
Her first marriage did not survive,
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她的第一段婚姻沒有長久,
04:23
nor did her second marriage.
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第二段也是。
04:26
On the other side, there is this girl.
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而另一位女孩就在這裡,
04:31
She's amazing.
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她很優秀。
04:33
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
04:35
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
04:39
I call her amazing because she is.
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我說她優秀是因為她名符其實,
04:42
She's very fabulous.
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她很傑出。
04:45
That girl is me. (Laughter)
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那個女孩就是我。(笑聲)
04:48
When I was 13 years old,
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我 13 歲的時候,
04:51
I was told, you are grown up,
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也有人跟我說,你成年了,
04:55
you have now reached of age,
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現在你年紀到了,
04:58
you're supposed to go to the initiation camp.
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應該要去參加啟蒙營。
05:01
I was like, "What?
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我就回:「什麼啊?!
05:04
I'm not going to go to the initiation camps."
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我才不要參加那些啟蒙營。」
05:10
You know what the women said to me?
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你知道那女人跟我說什麼嗎?
05:13
"You are a stupid girl. Stubborn.
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「你這女孩真笨又固執,
05:16
You do not respect the traditions of our society, of our community."
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你不尊重我們社會和社區的傳統。」
05:24
I said no because I knew where I was going.
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我說你錯了, 我知道自己的未來是什麼。
05:27
I knew what I wanted in life.
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我知道我的生活要有什麼。
05:31
I had a lot of dreams as a young girl.
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身為青少女,我有很多夢想。
05:36
I wanted to get well educated,
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我想接受良好的教育,
05:39
to find a decent job in the future.
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未來找個好工作。
05:42
I was imagining myself as a lawyer,
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我當時想像自己變成律師,
05:44
seated on that big chair.
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坐在那種很大的椅子上。
05:46
Those were the imaginations that
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那些想像
05:49
were going through my mind every day.
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每天在我腦海裡浮現。
05:52
And I knew that one day,
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我知道總有一天,
05:54
I would contribute something, a little something to my community.
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我會貢獻, 貢獻棉薄之力給我的社區。
05:58
But every day after refusing,
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但拒絕後的每一天,
06:01
women would tell me,
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那些女人就會跟我說:
06:03
"Look at you, you're all grown up. Your little sister has a baby.
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「看看你,你都長大了, 你小妹都有孩子了,
06:06
What about you?"
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你呢?」
06:08
That was the music that I was hearing every day,
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這是每天不斷在我耳邊 重覆播放的魔音。
06:13
and that is the music that girls hear every day
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這是每天不斷在女孩耳邊 重覆播放的魔音,
06:16
when they don't do something that the community needs them to do.
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只要她們拒絕社區的要求 就會聽到一樣的話。
06:23
When I compared the two stories between me and my sister,
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我對照自己和小妹的故事,
06:27
I said, "Why can't I do something?
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我自問: 「為什麼我不能做點什麼?
06:32
Why can't I change something that has happened for a long time
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為什麼我不能改變
在我們社區發生很久的事情?」
06:37
in our community?"
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06:39
That was when I called other girls
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當時我就打了幾通電話給其他女生,
06:42
just like my sister, who have children,
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她們就像我妹妹一樣有小孩,
06:44
who have been in class but they have forgotten how to read and write.
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之前一直有上學, 但是已經忘了怎麼讀書寫字。
06:48
I said, "Come on, we can remind each other
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我告訴她們:「來呀, 我們可以幫彼此複習
06:50
how to read and write again,
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怎麼重新讀書和寫字,
06:52
how to hold the pen, how to read, to hold the book."
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怎麼拿筆、讀書和拿書。」
06:56
It was a great time I had with them.
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我和她們共處的那段時光非常美好。
06:59
Nor did I just learn a little about them,
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雖然我只是稍微認識她們而已,
07:04
but they were able to tell me their personal stories,
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但是她們會告訴我她們的故事、
07:07
what they were facing every day
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她們每天碰到的事,
07:09
as young mothers.
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身為人母的事。
07:12
That was when I was like,
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當時我就想:
07:14
'Why can't we take all these things that are happening to us
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「為什麼我們不能把所有 發生在我們身上的事,
07:17
and present them and tell our mothers, our traditional leaders,
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呈現給她們看, 告訴我們的母親、傳統領袖
07:21
that these are the wrong things?"
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這些都是錯的事?」
07:23
It was a scary thing to do,
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要做這件事很恐怖,
07:25
because these traditional leaders,
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因為這些傳統領袖
07:27
they are already accustomed to the things
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都已經習慣
這些幾百年的傳統了。
07:30
that have been there for ages.
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07:32
A hard thing to change,
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改變是難事,
07:34
but a good thing to try.
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但嘗試是好事。
07:37
So we tried.
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因此我們嘗試了。
07:39
It was very hard, but we pushed.
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真的很難,但我們努力推動。
07:42
And I'm here to say that in my community,
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今天我在此告訴大家,
我的社區是第一個
07:45
it was the first community after girls
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女生這麼努力 改變傳統領袖的社區,
07:47
pushed so hard to our traditional leader,
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07:51
and our leader stood up for us and said no girl has to be married
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我們的領袖支持我們, 並宣布女孩若要結婚
07:55
before the age of 18.
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必須年滿 18 歲。
07:57
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
08:05
In my community,
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我的社區
08:07
that was the first time a community,
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是第一個
必須動用地方法的社區,
08:09
they had to call the bylaws,
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08:12
the first bylaw that protected girls
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第一個保護女孩的地方法
08:15
in our community.
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就在我們社區。
08:18
We did not stop there.
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我們沒有就此罷手。
08:19
We forged ahead.
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我們快馬加鞭。
08:22
We were determined to fight for girls not just in my community,
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我們下定決心, 不只要為我們社區的女孩而戰,
08:26
but even in other communities.
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還要為其它社區的女孩而戰。
08:29
When the child marriage bill was being presented in February,
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兒童婚姻法案二月備查時,
08:33
we were there at the Parliament house.
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我們就待在國會。
08:37
Every day, when the members of Parliament were entering,
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每天只要有議員進來,
08:41
we were telling them, "Would you please support the bill?"
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我們就會對他們說: 「可以請你支持法案嗎?」
08:44
And we don't have much technology like here,
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我們沒有很多 跟這裡一樣的科技,
08:49
but we have our small phones.
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但是我們有自己小小的電話。
08:51
So we said, "Why can't we get their numbers and text them?"
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我們想:「何不找出他們的電話號碼, 然後傳簡訊給他們?」
08:56
So we did that. It was a good thing.
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後來我們真的這樣做了,那是好事。
08:59
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
09:01
So when the bill passed, we texted them back,
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法案通過之後,我們再傳簡訊:
09:04
"Thank you for supporting the bill."
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「謝謝你支持法案。」
09:06
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
09:07
And when the bill was signed by the president,
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總統簽署法案之後,
09:11
making it into law, it was a plus.
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就能納入法律,這更好。
09:14
Now, in Malawi, 18 is the legal marriage age, from 15 to 18.
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現在在馬拉威, 18 歲是合法結婚的年紀,
從 15 歲提高到 18 歲。
09:20
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
09:26
It's a good thing to know that the bill passed,
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知道法案通過是好事,
09:30
but let me tell you this:
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但讓我告訴各位:
09:33
There are countries where 18 is the legal marriage age,
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雖然在很多國家 合法結婚年齡是 18 歲,
09:37
but don't we hear cries of women and girls every day?
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但我們就因此沒有日夜聽見 婦女和女孩哭泣的聲音了嗎?
09:41
Every day, girls' lives are being wasted away.
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每天都有女孩的生命平白浪費。
09:47
This is high time for leaders to honor their commitment.
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現在正是領袖實踐諾言的時候,
09:53
In honoring this commitment,
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實踐諾言
09:56
it means keeping girls' issues at heart every time.
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意謂著時時刻刻 將女孩的議題放在心上。
10:01
We don't have to be subjected as second,
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我們不必然要居次位,
10:05
but they have to know that women, as we are in this room,
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但他們要知道女人 就如同在場的女性,
10:09
we are not just women, we are not just girls,
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我們不只是女人, 我們不只是女孩,
10:13
we are extraordinary.
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我們出類拔萃。
10:14
We can do more.
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我們可以做得更多。
10:16
And another thing for Malawi,
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另一件關於馬拉威的事情,
10:19
and not just Malawi but other countries:
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不只事關馬拉威, 也與其它國家有關:
10:22
The laws which are there,
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我們有現成的法律,
10:26
you know how a law is not a law until it is enforced?
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你知道法律在真正執行前 算不上是法律嗎?
10:32
The law which has just recently passed
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這條法律最近才剛通過,
10:35
and the laws that in other countries have been there,
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而這條法律在其它國家早已實施,
10:38
they need to be publicized at the local level,
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他們需要推展宣傳到全國各地,
10:42
at the community level,
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要讓社區人盡皆知,
10:44
where girls' issues are very striking.
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因為女孩的議題非常重要。
10:49
Girls face issues, difficult issues, at the community level every day.
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每天各個社區 都有女孩的議題、難題。
10:55
So if these young girls know that there are laws that protect them,
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如果年輕女孩知道有法律保護她們,
11:00
they will be able to stand up and defend themselves
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她們就可以起身反抗、保護自己,
11:03
because they will know that there is a law that protects them.
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因為她們知道有法律保護她們。
11:09
And another thing I would say is that
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另一件事是關於
11:13
girls' voices and women's voices
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女孩與女人的聲音
11:17
are beautiful, they are there,
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很美妙,她們已投入其中,
11:20
but we cannot do this alone.
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但是我們不能孤軍奮戰。
11:23
Male advocates, they have to jump in,
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男性提倡者必須投入、
11:26
to step in and work together.
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介入,並共同努力。
11:28
It's a collective work.
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我們需要大家一起合作。
11:31
What we need is what girls elsewhere need:
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其它地方女孩和我們需要的一樣:
11:33
good education, and above all, not to marry whilst 11.
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良好的教育,最重要的是 不在 11 歲就結婚。
11:42
And furthermore,
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此外,
11:44
I know that together,
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我知道只要攜手合作,
11:48
we can transform the legal,
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我們就可以改革法律、
11:51
the cultural and political framework
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文化與政治的框架,
11:55
that denies girls of their rights.
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那些侷限女孩權力的框架。
11:59
I am standing here today
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今天我站在這裡,
12:04
and declaring that we can end child marriage in a generation.
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宣告我們可以在一個世代間 終止兒童婚姻。
12:12
This is the moment
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此時此刻,
12:14
where a girl and a girl, and millions of girls worldwide,
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每一位女孩, 以及全世界無數的女孩,
12:19
will be able to say,
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都可以說:
12:21
"I will marry when I want."
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「我想要結婚的時候才結婚。」
12:25
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
12:35
Thank you. (Applause)
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謝謝。(掌聲)
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