Why the best hire might not have the perfect resume | Regina Hartley

翻译人员: Zhiting Chen 校对人员: 易帆 余

Your company launches a search for an open position.

你的公司发布了一个公开招聘的职位。

The applications start rolling in,

申请表开始滚滚而来，

and the qualified candidates are identified.

合格的候选人已被挑选出来。

Now the choosing begins.

现在开始挑选。

Person A: Ivy League, 4.0, flawless resume,

候选人A：常春藤盟校， 绩点4.0， 完美的履历，

great recommendations.

出色的推荐信。

All the right stuff.

所有好的要素都具备。

Person B: state school, fair amount of job hopping,

候选人B：公立学校毕业， 碾转于各种工作之间，

and odd jobs like cashier and singing waitress.

甚至包括做收银员和唱歌的服务生。

But remember -- both are qualified.

不过请记得—— 两位都是符合要求的。

So I ask you:

所以，我要问问你们：

who are you going to pick?

你们会选择哪一位？

My colleagues and I created very official terms

我和我的同事发明了 一些非常正式的术语，

to describe two distinct categories of candidates.

来描述这两个不同类别的候选人。

We call A "the Silver Spoon,"

我们把 A 称为“含着金钥匙 （直译为‘银汤匙’）的人”，

the one who clearly had advantages and was destined for success.

一个明显具有优势， 而且注定会成功的人。

And we call B "the Scrapper,"

我们把 B 称为“拳击手”，

the one who had to fight against tremendous odds

必须努力冲破重重难关

to get to the same point.

才能实现同样的目标。

You just heard a human resources director refer to people

你们刚刚听到了一个人力资源总监 将应聘者比作

as Silver Spoons and Scrappers --

银汤匙和拳击手——

(Laughter)

（笑声）

which is not exactly politically correct and sounds a bit judgmental.

这听起来在政治上不太正确， 而且还有些武断。

But before my human resources certification gets revoked --

但在我的人力资源证书被吊销前——

(Laughter)

（笑声）

let me explain.

让我来解释一下。

A resume tells a story.

一份简历讲述了一个故事。

And over the years, I've learned something about people

过去的那些年，我了解到

whose experiences read like a patchwork quilt,

那些经历好似拼布床单的人，

that makes me stop and fully consider them

会让我在把他们的简历扔掉前

before tossing their resumes away.

会停下来认真地考虑一下他们。

A series of odd jobs may indicate

一系列杂乱的工作可能意味着

inconsistency, lack of focus, unpredictability.

易变，不专心，难以捉摸。

Or it may signal a committed struggle against obstacles.

或者，它可能标志着 努力挣扎跨越障碍。

At the very least, the Scrapper deserves an interview.

至少，“拳击手”应该得到 一次面试机会。

To be clear,

不过我要强调一下，

I don't hold anything against the Silver Spoon;

我并不排斥“银汤匙”；

getting into and graduating from an elite university

能够被精英大学录取并顺利毕业，

takes a lot of hard work and sacrifice.

同样需要付出很多心血和牺牲。

But if your whole life has been engineered toward success,

但是，如果你的一生 都被设计为走向成功，

how will you handle the tough times?

你要如何应对困难的时刻呢？

One person I hired felt that because he attended an elite university,

一位我曾经雇用过的人认为， 因为他毕业于精英大学，

there were certain assignments that were beneath him,

某些类型的工作对他而言是低下的，

like temporarily doing manual labor to better understand an operation.

比如短时间从事体力劳动 以更好地了解公司运作。

Eventually, he quit.

最终，他离开了。

But on the flip side,

但是，另一方面，

如果你的人生注定失败，

what happens when your whole life is destined for failure

and you actually succeed?

而你却成功了，这是怎么回事呢？

I want to urge you to interview the Scrapper.

我会建议你去面试“拳击手”。

I know a lot about this because I am a Scrapper.

我很了解这些， 因为我自己就是一个“拳击手”。

Before I was born,

在我出生之前，

my father was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia,

我的父亲就被诊断为精神分裂症，

and he couldn't hold a job in spite of his brilliance.

他无法继续工作 尽管他很有才华。

Our lives were one part "Cuckoo's Nest,"

我们的生活就像“飞越疯人院”，

one part "Awakenings"

“无语问苍天”，

和“美丽心灵”的合集。

and one part "A Beautiful Mind."

(Laughter)

（笑声）

I'm the fourth of five children raised by a single mother

我是一位单身母亲五个孩子中的第四个，

in a rough neighborhood in Brooklyn, New York.

我们在纽约布鲁克林 一个混乱的街区生活。

We never owned a home, a car, a washing machine,

我们从未拥有过一个家， 一辆车，或是一个洗衣机，

and for most of my childhood, we didn't even have a telephone.

在我童年的大部分时间， 我们甚至没有一部电话。

因此我有很强的意愿

So I was highly motivated

to understand the relationship between business success and Scrappers,

去理解生意场的成功 和“拳击手”的关联，

because my life could easily have turned out very differently.

因为我的人生 很容易就会发展出不同的结局。

As I met successful business people

我见过成功的商人，

and read profiles of high-powered leaders,

也阅读过具备出色领导能力的 人的资料，

I noticed some commonality.

我发现了其中的一些共性。

Many of them had experienced early hardships,

他们中的很多人经历过早年的困顿，

anywhere from poverty, abandonment,

可能是贫穷，被抛弃，

death of a parent while young,

亲人的早逝，

to learning disabilities, alcoholism and violence.

也可能是学习障碍， 酗酒和暴力。

The conventional thinking has been that trauma leads to distress,

传统的思维认为创伤会导致痛苦，

and there's been a lot of focus on the resulting dysfunction.

而且还重点强调了失败的结果。

But during studies of dysfunction, data revealed an unexpected insight:

但在我研究这些不成功的案例期间， 得到的数据却揭示了一个出乎意料的结论：

that even the worst circumstances can result in growth and transformation.

即便是最糟的境遇 也能导致成长和转变。

A remarkable and counterintuitive phenomenon has been discovered,

一个显著但有悖常理的 现象已经被发现了，

which scientists call Post Traumatic Growth.

科学家们称之为“创后成长”。

In one study designed to measure the effects of adversity

在一项设计用来衡量 逆境对困苦的孩子

on children at risk,

会产生怎样影响的研究表明，

among a subset of 698 children

在698位参与测试的孩子，

who experienced the most severe and extreme conditions,

在经历了最艰苦严苛的考验后，

fully one-third grew up to lead healthy, successful and productive lives.

他们中的三分之一长大后获得了健康、 成功以及丰富的人生。

In spite of everything and against tremendous odds, they succeeded.

尽管经历了巨大的艰难， 但最后还是成功了。

One-third.

有三分之一这么多。

Take this resume.

看看这份简历。

This guy's parents give him up for adoption.

他被亲生父母抛弃，交由他人收养。

He never finishes college.

他没有完成大学学业。

He job-hops quite a bit,

他在某段时期频繁跳槽，

goes on a sojourn to India for a year,

在印度逗留了一年，

and to top it off, he has dyslexia.

不止如此，他还有阅读障碍。

Would you hire this guy?

你会雇用他吗？

His name is Steve Jobs.

他的名字是史蒂夫·乔布斯。

In a study of the world's most highly successful entrepreneurs,

一个对全球最成功企业家群体的 研究表明，

it turns out a disproportionate number have dyslexia.

相当数量的企业家有阅读障碍。

In the US,

在美国，

35 percent of the entrepreneurs studied had dyslexia.

35%的企业家有阅读障碍。

What's remarkable -- among those entrepreneurs

值得注意的是——这些企业家中

who experience post traumatic growth,

那些经历过创后成长的人，

they now view their learning disability

成功后的他们将这样的学习障碍

as a desirable difficulty which provided them an advantage

看作是值得经历的困难， 这样的困难给予了他们优势，

because they became better listeners and paid greater attention to detail.

他们因此成为更好的听众， 并且更加关注细节。

They don't think they are who they are in spite of adversity,

他们在经历逆境前， 并没有看到自己的潜力，

they know they are who they are because of adversity.

而因为逆境，他们准确地定位了自己。

They embrace their trauma and hardships

他们拥抱伤害和困顿，

as key elements of who they've become,

这是他们成为成功企业家的关键要素，

and know that without those experiences,

他们知道，如果没有这些经历，

they might not have developed the muscle and grit required

他们也许没有办法发展出成功者

to become successful.

需要具备的勇气和毅力。

我有一位同事，因为中国 1966年的文化大革命，

One of my colleagues had his life completely upended

as a result of the Chinese Cultural Revolution in 1966.

他的人生彻底颠覆了。

At age 13, his parents were relocated to the countryside,

在他13岁那年，他的父母被下放农村，

the schools were closed

学校关闭了，

and he was left alone in Beijing to fend for himself until 16,

而他独自在北京谋生， 直到16岁，

when he got a job in a clothing factory.

他在服装厂找到了一份工作。

But instead of accepting his fate,

与其接受命运，

he made a resolution that he would continue his formal education.

他决心不如继续完成学业。

Eleven years later, when the political landscape changed,

11年后，政治版图改变了，

he heard about a highly selective university admissions test.

他听说了一个 竞争相当激烈的大学入学考试。

He had three months to learn the entire curriculum

他只有3个月来学习整个初中

of middle and high school.

以及高中的课程。

So, every day he came home from the factory,

于是，每天他从工厂回家后，

took a nap, studied until 4am, went back to work

先睡一小觉，然后学习到凌晨四点， 回去工厂工作，

and repeated this cycle every day for three months.

就这样日复一日过了整整三个月。

He did it, he succeeded.

他做到了，他成功了。

His commitment to his education was unwavering, and he never lost hope.

他继续求学的决心非常坚定， 也从未放弃希望。

Today, he holds a master's degree,

今天，他拥有了硕士学位，

and his daughters each have degrees from Cornell and Harvard.

他的两个女儿则分别毕业于 康奈尔大学和哈佛大学。

Scrappers are propelled by the belief

“拳击手”被信念推动向前进，

that the only person you have full control over is yourself.

相信只有自己才能掌握自己的命运。

When things don't turn out well,

当事情发展并不尽如人意，

Scrappers ask, "What can I do differently to create a better result?"

“拳击手”会问，“我能做些什么别的 来创造一个更好的结果？”

Scrappers have a sense of purpose

“拳击手”有目标意识，

that prevents them from giving up on themselves,

永不放弃自己，

kind of like if you've survived poverty, a crazy father and several muggings,

如果你从贫穷，疯狂的父亲 和数次被抢劫的经历中存活下来，

you figure, "Business challenges? --

你会觉得，“商业挑战？——

（笑声）

(Laughter)

Really?

这还算事儿吗？

Piece of cake. I got this."

太简单了。我能搞定。”

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And that reminds me -- humor.

这不禁让我想起——幽默感。

Scrappers know that humor gets you through the tough times,

“拳击手”知道，幽默能够帮你 度过最艰难的时刻，

and laughter helps you change your perspective.

嘲笑你的人会帮助你 改变对未来的看法。

And finally, there are relationships.

最后，还有人际关系。

People who overcome adversity don't do it alone.

那些克服困难的人 并非一直单打独斗。

Somewhere along the way,

奋斗过程中的某时某刻，

they find people who bring out the best in them

他们会遇到伯乐，以及

and who are invested in their success.

在他们成功的道路上倾囊相助的人。

Having someone you can count on no matter what

不管发生什么事， 总有一个人可以依靠，

is essential to overcoming adversity.

这是克服困境的关键。

I was lucky.

我很幸运。

In my first job after college,

得到大学毕业后的第一份工作时，

I didn't have a car, so I carpooled across two bridges

我还没有车， 所以我与人拼车，跨越两座桥去上班，

with a woman who was the president's assistant.

那位女士当时还是总统助理。

她看到我工作，

She watched me work

and encouraged me to focus on my future

并鼓励我放眼未来，

and not dwell on my past.

不要老是想着过去。

Along the way I've met many people

一路走来我遇到了很多人，

who've provided me brutally honest feedback,

让我懂得了忠言逆耳，

advice and mentorship.

他们都是我的良师益友。

These people don't mind

这些人并不在意

that I once worked as a singing waitress to help pay for college.

我曾经是个为了支付上大学的开销而 唱歌打工的女服务生。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

I'll leave you with one final, valuable insight.

最后再分享一个有价值的见解。

Companies that are committed to diversity and inclusive practices

那些致力于多样化和 包容开放行为的公司

tend to support Scrappers

更愿意去支持“拳击手”，

and outperform their peers.

让他们比同辈更出色。

According to DiversityInc,

《多元化企业》杂志的

a study of their top 50 companies for diversity

一项研究表明，最多元化的50家企业的

outperformed the S&P 500 by 25 percent.

运营表现超越了标准普尔500指数25%。

So back to my original question.

那么回到我最初的问题。

Who are you going to bet on:

你会将赌注放在谁身上：

Silver Spoon or Scrapper?

“银汤匙”还是“拳击手”？

I say choose the underestimated contender,

我会选择被低估的竞争者，

whose secret weapons are passion and purpose.

他/她的秘密武器是激情和决心。

Hire the Scrapper.

请雇用“拳击手”。

(Applause)

（鼓掌）