What are animals thinking and feeling? | Carl Safina

Prevodilac: Milenka Okuka Lektor: Mile Živković

Have you ever wondered what animals think and feel?

Jeste li se ikad pitali šta životinje misle i osećaju?

Let's start with a question:

Započnimo pitanjem:

Does my dog really love me, or does she just want a treat?

da li me moj pas zaista voli ili samo želi poslasticu?

Well, it's easy to see that our dog really loves us,

Pa, lako je zaključiti da nas naš pas zaista voli,

easy to see, right,

lako je to videti, zar ne,

what's going on in that fuzzy little head.

šta se dešava u toj čupavoj glavici.

What is going on?

Šta se dešava?

Something's going on.

Nešto se dešava.

But why is the question always do they love us?

Ali zašto pitanje uvek glasi: da li nas vole?

Why is it always about us?

Zašto se sve uvek vrti oko nas?

Why are we such narcissists?

Zašto smo toliki narcisi?

I found a different question to ask animals.

Otkrio sam jedno drugo pitanje koje bih pitao životinje.

Who are you?

Ko ste vi?

There are capacities of the human mind

Postoje sposobnosti našeg mozga

that we tend to think are capacities only of the human mind.

koje smatramo isključivo sposobnostima ljudskog mozga.

But is that true?

Međutim, da li je to tačno?

What are other beings doing with those brains?

Šta druga bića rade sa svojim mozgovima?

What are they thinking and feeling?

O čemu misle i šta osećaju?

Is there a way to know?

Postoji li način da saznamo?

I think there is a way in.

Verujem da postoji put do njih.

I think there are several ways in.

Verujem da postoji nekoliko puteva.

We can look at evolution, we can look at their brains

Možemo da posmatramo evoluciju, možemo da posmatramo njihove umove

and we can watch what they do.

i možemo da posmatramo šta rade.

The first thing to remember is: our brain is inherited.

Prvo što moramo da imamo na umu je: naš mozak je nasleđen.

The first neurons came from jellyfish.

Prvi neuroni potiču od meduza.

Jellyfish gave rise to the first chordates.

S meduzama nastaju prve hordate.

The first chordates gave rise to the first vertebrates.

S prvim hordatama nastaju prvi kičmenjaci.

The vertebrates came out of the sea,

Kičmenjaci izlaze iz mora

and here we are.

i eto nas.

But it's still true that a neuron, a nerve cell, looks the same

Ali je i dalje tačno da neuron, nervna ćelija, izgleda identično

in a crayfish, a bird or you.

kod raka, ptice i vas.

What does that say about the minds of crayfish?

Šta nam to govori o umovima rakova?

Can we tell anything about that?

Možemo li bilo šta reći o tome?

Well, it turns out that if you give a crayfish

Pa, ispostavilo se da ako raka izložite

a lot of little tiny electric shocks

mnoštvu sitnih električnih šokova

every time it tries to come out of its burrow,

svaki put kada pokuša da napusti svoju jazbinu,

it will develop anxiety.

razviće anksioznost.

If you give the crayfish the same drug

Ako date raku lek

used to treat anxiety disorder in humans,

koji koriste ljudi pri lečenju poremećaja anksioznosti,

it relaxes and comes out and explores.

rak će da se opusti, izađe i istražuje.

How do we show how much we care about crayfish anxiety?

Kako pokazujemo koliko nam je stalo do račje anksioznosti?

Mostly, we boil them.

Uglavnom ih kuvamo.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Octopuses use tools, as well as do most apes

Hobotnice koriste alate, kao i većina majmuna

and they recognize human faces.

i raspoznaju ljudski lik.

How do we celebrate the ape-like intelligence of this invertebrate?

Kako slavimo majmunoliku inteligenciju ovog beskičmenjaka?

Mostly boiled.

Uglavnom kuvanjem.

If a grouper chases a fish into a crevice in the coral,

Ako groper satera ribu u pukotinu korala,

it will sometimes go to where it knows a moray eel is sleeping

ponekad će da pođe do mesta na kome zna da spava murinka

and it will signal to the moray, "Follow me,"

i signaliziraće murinki: "Sledi me",

and the moray will understand that signal.

a murinka će razumeti taj signal.

The moray may go into the crevice and get the fish,

Murinka će možda ući u pukotinu i uhvatiti ribu,

but the fish may bolt and the grouper may get it.

ali riba se može izmigoljiti i groper je može uhvatiti.

This is an ancient partnership that we have just recently found out about.

Ovo je drevno partnerstvo koje smo mi tek nedavno otkrili.

How do we celebrate that ancient partnership?

Kako slavimo to drevno partnerstvo?

Mostly fried.

Uglavnom prženjem.

A pattern is emerging and it says a lot more about us

Obrazac se javlja i govori mnogo više o nama

than it does about them.

nego o njima.

Sea otters use tools

Morske vidre koriste alate

and they take time away from what they're doing

i odvajaju vreme kad nešto rade

to show their babies what to do, which is called teaching.

da bi pokazale svojim mladima šta da rade, to se zove podučavanje.

Chimpanzees don't teach.

Šimpanze ne podučavaju.

Killer whales teach and killer whales share food.

Kitovi ubice podučavaju i kitovi ubice dele hranu.

When evolution makes something new,

Kada evolucija stvara nešto novo,

it uses the parts it has in stock, off the shelf,

koristi delove koje već ima u zalihama, na polici,

before it fabricates a new twist.

pre nego što proizvede novi zaokret.

And our brain has come to us

Naš um nam je podaren

through the enormity of the deep sweep of time.

kroz ogromnost dugog protoka vremena.

If you look at the human brain compared to a chimpanzee brain,

Ako posmatrate ljudski mozak, upoređen s šimpanzinim,

what you see is we have basically a very big chimpanzee brain.

primetićete da u suštini imamo veoma veliki šimpanzeći mozak.

It's a good thing ours is bigger, because we're also really insecure.

Dobro je što je naš veći jer smo takođe veoma nesigurni.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

But, uh oh, there's a dolphin,

Ali, o ne, imamo delfine,

a bigger brain with more convolutions.

s većim mozgovima koji imaju više funkcija.

OK, maybe you're saying, all right, well, we see brains,

U redu, možda ćete reći, važi, pa, vidimo mozgove,

but what does that have to say about minds?

ali šta nam to govori o umovima?

Well, we can see the working of the mind

Pa, možemo da vidimo umni rad

in the logic of behaviors.

u logici ponašanja.

So these elephants, you can see,

Dakle, ovi slonovi, kao što vidite,

obviously, they are resting.

očigledno se odmaraju.

They have found a patch of shade under the palm trees

Pronašli su parče hlada ispod palminog drveća,

under which to let their babies sleep,

pod kojim će njihovi mladi da spavaju,

while they doze but remain vigilant.

dok odrasli kunjaju, ali ostaju na oprezu.

We make perfect sense of that image

Taj prizor nam je savršeno jasan,

just as they make perfect sense of what they're doing

baš kao što je i njima savršeno jasno šta rade

because under the arc of the same sun on the same plains,

jer pod svetlošću istog sunca, na istim ravnicama,

listening to the howls of the same dangers,

slušajući urlike istih opasnosti,

they became who they are and we became who we are.

postali su to što jesu, a mi smo postali to što jesmo.

We've been neighbors for a very long time.

Komšije smo već dugo vremena.

No one would mistake these elephants as being relaxed.

Niko ne bi ove slonove greškom nazvao opuštenim.

They're obviously very concerned about something.

Očigledno su veoma zabrinuti zbog nečega.

What are they concerned about?

Zbog čega su zabrinuti?

It turns out that if you record the voices of tourists

Ispostavilo se da ako snimite glasove turista

and you play that recording from a speaker hidden in bushes,

i pustite snimak sa razglasa skrivenog u žbunju,

elephants will ignore it, because tourists never bother elephants.

slonovi će to da ignorišu jer turisti nikad ne uznemiravaju slonove.

But if you record the voices of herders

Ali, ako snimite glasove stočara

who carry spears and often hurt elephants in confrontations at water holes,

koji nose koplja i često povređuju slonove u sukobima na pojilima,

the elephants will bunch up and run away from the hidden speaker.

slonovi će se zbiti u gomilu i pobeći će od skrivenog razglasa.

Not only do elephants know that there are humans,

Slonovi ne samo da znaju da postoje ljudi,

they know that there are different kinds of humans,

već znaju da postoje različiti ljudi

and that some are OK and some are dangerous.

i da su neki u redu, a neki su opasni.

They have been watching us for much longer than we have been watching them.

Posmatrali su nas duže nego mi njih.

They know us better than we know them.

Poznaju nas bolje nego mi njih.

We have the same imperatives:

Imamo iste prioritete:

take care of our babies, find food, try to stay alive.

briga o mladima, pronalaženje hrane, preživljavanje.

Whether we're outfitted for hiking in the hills of Africa

Bilo da smo opremljeni za planinarenje po afričkim brdima

or outfitted for diving under the sea, we are basically the same.

ili smo opremljeni za ronjenje u moru, u suštini smo isti.

We are kin under the skin.

Pod kožom smo rod.

The elephant has the same skeleton,

Slon ima isti skelet,

the killer whale has the same skeleton,

kit ubica ima isti skelet

as do we.

kao mi.

We see helping where help is needed.

Vidimo pomoć gde je pomoć potrebna.

We see curiosity in the young.

Vidimo znatiželju kod mladih.

We see the bonds of family connections.

Vidimo spone porodičnih veza.

We recognize affection.

Prepoznajemo naklonost.

Courtship is courtship.

Udvaranje je udvaranje.

And then we ask, "Are they conscious?"

A onda pitamo: "Jesu li svesne?"

When you get general anesthesia, it makes you unconscious,

Kada vam daju totalnu anesteziju, postajete nesvesni,

which means you have no sensation of anything.

što znači da nemate osećaj ni za šta.

Consciousness is simply the thing that feels like something.

Svesnost je prosto nešto što budi osećanja na nešto.

If you see, if you hear, if you feel, if you're aware of anything,

Ako vidite, ako čujete, ako osećate, ako ste svesni bilo čega,

you are conscious, and they are conscious.

svesno ste biće, a životinje su svesne.

Some people say

Neki ljudi kažu,

well, there are certain things that make humans humans,

pa, postoje neke stvari koje ljude čine ljudima,

and one of those things is empathy.

a jedna od tih stvari je empatija.

Empathy is the mind's ability to match moods with your companions.

Empatija je sposobnost razuma da podesi vaša osećanja sa onima oko vas.

It's a very useful thing.

To je veoma korisno.

If your companions start to move quickly,

Ako oni oko vas počnu da se brzo kreću,

you have to feel like you need to hurry up.

primorani ste da osećate potrebu da požurite.

We're all in a hurry now.

Svi sad žurimo.

The oldest form of empathy is contagious fear.

Najstariji vid empatije je zarazni strah.

If your companions suddenly startle and fly away,

Ako se oni oko vas iznenada trgnu i odlete,

it does not work very well for you to say,

nije baš dobro za vas da se pitate:

"Jeez, I wonder why everybody just left."

"Gospode, pitam se što svi odoše."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Empathy is old, but empathy, like everything else in life,

Empatija je stara, ali empatija, kao i sve u životu,

comes on a sliding scale and has its elaboration.

uslovljena je raznim faktorima i ima svoj postepen razvoj.

So there's basic empathy: you feel sad, it makes me sad.

Pa imamo osnovnu empatiju: tužni ste, to me rastužuje.

I see you happy, it makes me happy.

Vidim da ste srećni, to me usrećuje.

Then there's something that I call sympathy,

Potom imamo nešto što zovem saučešćem,

a little more removed:

malo je udaljenije:

"I'm sorry to hear that your grandmother has just passed away.

"Žao mi je što čujem da ti je baka upravo umrla.

I don't feel that same grief, but I get it; I know what you feel

Ne osećam tvoj bol, ali ga razumem; znam kako se osećaš

and it concerns me."

i to me dotiče."

And then if we're motivated to act on sympathy,

A ako smo motivisani da reagujemo na saučešće,

I call that compassion.

to nazivam saosećanjem.

Far from being the thing that makes us human,

Pored toga što nije ni blizu onoga što nas čini ljudima,

human empathy is far from perfect.

ljudska empatija je takođe daleko od savršenstva.

We round up empathic creatures, we kill them and we eat them.

Mi zarobljavamo empatična bića, ubijamo ih i jedemo.

Now, maybe you say OK, well, those are different species.

Sad, možda ćete reći, u redu, pa nismo ista vrsta.

That's just predation, and humans are predators.

To je prosto predacija, a ljudi su predatori.

But we don't treat our own kind too well either.

No mi se ne odnosimo ni prema našoj vrsti naročito bajno.

People who seem to know only one thing about animal behavior

Ljudi koji, kako se čini, znaju bar nešto o ponašanju životinja,

know that you must never attribute human thoughts and emotions

znaju da nipošto ne smete da pripisujete ljudske misli i emocije

to other species.

drugim vrstama.

Well, I think that's silly,

Ja to smatram smešnim

because attributing human thoughts and emotions to other species

jer je pripisivanje ljudskih misli i osećanja drugim vrstama

is the best first guess about what they're doing and how they're feeling,

najbolja prva pretpostavka o tome šta rade i kako se osećaju

because their brains are basically the same as ours.

jer su njihovi mozgovi u suštini isti kao naši.

They have the same structures.

Imaju istu strukturu.

The same hormones that create mood and motivation in us

Isti hormoni proizvode raspoloženja i motivaciju kod nas

are in those brains as well.

kao i kod njihovih mozgova.

It is not scientific to say that they are hungry when they're hunting

Nije naučno reći da su gladne kad love

and they're tired when their tongues are hanging out,

i da su umorne kad im jezici vise,

and then say when they're playing with their children

i zatim kažemo kad se igraju s mladima

and acting joyful and happy,

i izgledaju radosno i srećno,

we have no idea if they can possibly be experiencing anything.

da nemamo pojma da li uopšte doživljavaju bilo šta.

That is not scientific.

To nije naučno.

So OK, so a reporter said to me,

U redu, dakle, novinar me je pitao:

"Maybe, but how do you really know that other animals can think and feel?"

"Možda, ali kako uistinu znate da druge životinje mogu da misle i osećaju?"

And I started to rifle through all the hundreds

Te sam počeo da preturam sve te stotine

of scientific references that I put in my book

naučnih referenci koje sam napisao u knjizi

and I realized that the answer was right in the room with me.

i shvatio sam da je odgovor tu ispred mene.

When my dog gets off the rug and comes over to me --

Kada moj pas siđe s tepiha i priđe mi -

not to the couch, to me --

ne kauču, već meni -

and she rolls over on her back and exposes her belly,

i kada se izvrne na leđa i otkrije stomak,

she has had the thought, "I would like my belly rubbed.

ima sledeću misao: "Želim da mi neko češka stomak.

I know that I can go over to Carl,

Znam da mogu da pođem do Karla,

he will understand what I'm asking.

on će razumeti šta želim od njega.

I know I can trust him because we're family.

Znam da mogu da mu verujem jer smo porodica.

He'll get the job done, and it will feel good."

On će obaviti posao i osećaću se dobro."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

She has thought and she has felt,

Ima misao i ima osećanje

and it's really not more complicated than that.

i zaista nije složenije od toga.

But we see other animals and we say, "Oh look, killer whales,

Međutim, vidimo druge životinje i kažemo: "Ah, pogledajte kitove ubice,

wolves, elephants:

vukove, slonove:

that's not how they see it."

oni na to ne gledaju tako."

That tall-finned male is L41.

Taj mužjak s visokim perajem je L41.

He's 38 years old.

Star je 38 godina.

The female right on his left side is L22.

Ženka tik s desna do njega je L22.

She's 44.

Ona ima 44 godine.

They've known each other for decades.

Poznaju se decenijama.

They know exactly who they are.

Oni tačno znaju ko su.

They know who their friends are.

Znaju ko su im prijatelji.

They know who their rivals are.

Znaju ko su im suparnici.

Their life follows the arc of a career.

Njihov život ima usmerenu putanju.

They know where they are all the time.

Sve vreme znaju gde su.

This is an elephant named Philo.

Ovo je slon pod imenom Fajlo.

He was a young male.

Bio je mlad mužjak.

This is him four days later.

Ovo je on četiri dana kasnije.

Humans not only can feel grief, we create an awful lot of it.

Ljudi ne samo da osećaju bol, mi ga užasno mnogo nanosimo.

We want to carve their teeth.

Želimo da rezbarimo njihove zube.

Why can't we wait for them to die?

Zašto ne možemo da sačekamo da umru?

Elephants once ranged from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea

Slonovi su se nekad prostirali od obala Sredozemnog mora

all the way down to the Cape of Good Hope.

sve dole do Rta dobre nade.

In 1980, there were vast strongholds of elephant range

Tokom 1980-ih, slonovi su držali ogromna uporišta

in Central and Eastern Africa.

u centralnoj i istočnoj Africi.

And now their range is shattered into little shards.

A sada su njihova staništa razbijena na sitne krhotine.

This is the geography of an animal that we are driving to extinction,

Ovo je geografija životinje koju teramo u istrebljenje,

a fellow being, the most magnificent creature on land.

bratsko biće, najveličanstvenije biće na kopnu.

Of course, we take much better care of our wildlife in the United States.

Naravno da se bolje brinemo za naše divlje životinje u SAD.

In Yellowstone National Park, we killed every single wolf.

U Nacionalnom parku Jelouston smo pobili sve vukove.

We killed every single wolf south of the Canadian border, actually.

Pobili smo zapravo sve vukove južno od kanadske granice.

But in the park, park rangers did that in the 1920s,

Međutim u parku, rendžeri su to uradili 1920-ih,

and then 60 years later they had to bring them back,

a onda su 60 godina kasnije morali da ih vrate

because the elk numbers had gotten out of control.

jer se broj losova otrgao kontroli.

And then people came.

A onda su došli ljudi.

People came by the thousands to see the wolves,

Došlo je na hiljade ljudi da vidi vukove,

the most accessibly visible wolves in the world.

najpristupačnije vukove za videti u svetu.

And I went there and I watched this incredible family of wolves.

Pa sam otišao tamo i posmatrao jednu neverovatnu porodicu vukova.

A pack is a family.

Čopor je porodica.

It has some breeding adults and the young of several generations.

Imaju nekoliko odraslih za rasplod i mlade različitih generacija.

And I watched the most famous, most stable pack in Yellowstone National Park.

I posmatrao sam najčuveniji, najstabilniji čopor u Jeloustonu.

And then, when they wandered just outside the border,

A onda, kada su odlutali malo preko granice,

two of their adults were killed,

dve odrasle jedinke su ubijene,

including the mother,

uključujući majku,

which we sometimes call the alpha female.

koju ponekad nazivamo alfa ženkom.

The rest of the family immediately descended into sibling rivalry.

Ostatak porodice momentalno zapada u rođačko rivalstvo.

Sisters kicked out other sisters.

Sestre su izbacile druge sestre.

That one on the left tried for days to rejoin her family.

Ova s desna je pokušavala danima da se pridruži porodici.

They wouldn't let her because they were jealous of her.

Nisu joj dozvolile jer su bile ljubomorne na nju.

She was getting too much attention from two new males,

Privlačila je preveliku pažnju dva nova mužjaka,

and she was the precocious one.

te je ona bila dragocena jedinka.

That was too much for them.

To je bilo previše za njih.

She wound up wandering outside the park and getting shot.

Završila je lutajući van parka i ustreljena je.

The alpha male wound up being ejected from his own family.

Alfa mužjak je završio odbačen od sopstvene porodice.

As winter was coming in,

Kako je zima dolazila,

he lost his territory, his hunting support,

izgubio je teritoriju, podršku za lov,

the members of his family and his mate.

članove porodice i svoju partnerku za parenje.

We cause so much pain to them.

Toliko im nanosimo bola.

The mystery is, why don't they hurt us more than they do?

Misterija je zašto nas ne povređuju više nego što inače rade?

This whale had just finished eating part of a grey whale

Ovaj kit je upravo pojeo deo sivog kita

with his companions who had killed that whale.

sa svojim drugovima, koji su ubili tog kita.

Those people in the boat had nothing at all to fear.

Ovi ljudi na brodu nemaju čega da se plaše.

This whale is T20.

Ovaj kit je T20.

He had just finished tearing a seal into three pieces with two companions.

Upravo je sa dva drugara rastrgao foku na tri dela.

The seal weighed about as much as the people in the boat.

Foka je težila koliko i ljudi na brodu.

They had nothing to fear.

Oni nisu imali čega da se plaše.

They eat seals.

Jedu foke.

Why don't they eat us?

Zašto ne jedu nas?

Why can we trust them around our toddlers?

Zašto imamo poverenja u njih i puštamo ih blizu naših beba?

Why is it that killer whales have returned to researchers lost in thick fog

Zašto su se kitovi ubice vratili istraživačima izgubljenim u gustoj magli

and led them miles until the fog parted

i vodili ih kilometrima, dok se magla nije digla,

and the researchers' home was right there on the shoreline?

a dom istraživača je bio odmah tu na morskoj obali?

And that's happened more than one time.

A to se desilo više od jednog puta.

In the Bahamas, there's a woman named Denise Herzing,

Na Bahamima živi žena po imenu Deniz Hercing

and she studies spotted dolphins and they know her.

i ona izučava pegave delfine i oni je poznaju.

She knows them very well. She knows who they all are.

Ona veoma dobro poznaje njih. Zna sve njih pojedinačno.

They know her. They recognize the research boat.

Poznaju je. Prepoznaju istraživački brod.

When she shows up, it's a big happy reunion.

Kada se pojavi, to je veliko srećno okupljanje.

Except, one time showed up and they didn't want to come near the boat,

Osim kad se jednom pojavila, a oni nisu hteli da priđu brodu

and that was really strange.

i to je uistinu bilo čudno.

And they couldn't figure out what was going on

Nisu mogli da shvate o čemu se radi

until somebody came out on deck

sve dok neko nije izašao na palubu

and announced that one of the people onboard had died

i objavio da je jedan član posade umro

during a nap in his bunk.

tokom dremke u svom ležaju.

How could dolphins know that one of the human hearts

Kako su delfini znali da je jedno ljudsko srce

had just stopped?

upravo stalo?

Why would they care?

Zašto bi ih bilo briga?

And why would it spook them?

I zašto bi ih to uplašilo?

These mysterious things just hint at all of the things that are going on

Ove misteriozne stvari samo nagoveštavaju sve što se dešava

in the minds that are with us on Earth

u umovima koji su sa nama na zemlji,

that we almost never think about at all.

o kojima skoro nikad ne mislimo.

At an aquarium in South Africa

U akvarijumu u Južnoj Africi

was a little baby bottle-nosed dolphin named Dolly.

bilo je mladunče kljunastog delfina, po imenu Doli.

She was nursing, and one day a keeper took a cigarette break

Sisala je i jednog dana čuvar je napravio pauzu za cigarete

and he was looking into the window into their pool, smoking.

i posmatrao je kroz prozor unutrašnjost njihovog bazena, pušeći.

Dolly came over and looked at him,

Doli je prišla i pogledala ga,

went back to her mother, nursed for a minute or two,

otišla do majke, sisala minut-dva,

came back to the window

vratila se do prozora

and released a cloud of milk that enveloped her head like smoke.

i oslobodila oblak mleka koji je uokvirio njenu glavu, poput dima.

Somehow, this baby bottle-nosed dolphin

Nekako je ovom mladunčetu kljunastog delfina

got the idea of using milk to represent smoke.

pala na pamet ideja da koristi mleko umesto dima.

When human beings use one thing to represent another,

Kada ljudska bića koriste nešto u značenju nečeg drugog,

we call that art.

mi to zovemo umetnošću.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

The things that make us human

Ono što nas čini ljudima

are not the things that we think make us human.

nije ono što mislimo da nas čini ljudima.

What makes us human is that,

Ono što nas čini ljudima je to

of all these things that our minds and their minds have,

da od svih zajedničkih osobina, koje naši i njihovi umovi imaju

we are the most extreme.

naše su najekstremnije.

We are the most compassionate,

Mi smo najsaosećajnija,

most violent, most creative

najnasilnija, najkreativnija

and most destructive animal that has ever been on this planet,

i najdestruktivnija životinja koja je postojala na planeti

and we are all of those things all jumbled up together.

i mi smo sve te stvari, zbrkane zajedno.

But love is not the thing that makes us human.

Međutim, ljubav nas ne čini ljudima.

It's not special to us.

Nije rezervisana za nas.

We are not the only ones who care about our mates.

Ne marimo samo mi za svoje partnere.

We are not the only ones who care about our children.

Ne marimo samo mi za svoju decu.

Albatrosses frequently fly six, sometimes ten thousand miles

Albatrosi često preleću deset, ponekad 16 hiljada kilometara

over several weeks to deliver one meal, one big meal,

tokom nekoliko nedelja kako bi doneli jedan obrok, jedan veliki obrok

to their chick who is waiting for them.

svom piletu koje ih čeka.

They nest on the most remote islands in the oceans of the world,

Gnezde se na najudaljenijim ostrvima u svetskim okeanima,

and this is what it looks like.

a ta ostrva izgledaju ovako.

Passing life from one generation to the next is the chain of being.

Prenošenje života s kolena na koleno je lanac postojanja.

If that stops, it all goes away.

Ako to stane, sve nestaje.

If anything is sacred, that is, and into that sacred relationship

Ako je nešto sveto, onda je to, a u tu svetu vezu

comes our plastic trash.

upada naš plastični otpad.

All of these birds have plastic in them now.

Sve ove ptice sada u sebi imaju plastiku.

This is an albatross six months old, ready to fledge --

Ovo je albatros star šest meseci, spreman je da dobije perje -

died, packed with red cigarette lighters.

umro je natrpan crvenim upaljačima.

This is not the relationship we are supposed to have

Ovo nije veza koju bi trebalo da imamo

with the rest of the world.

sa ostatkom sveta.

But we, who have named ourselves after our brains,

Ali mi, koji smo se nazvali po svojim mozgovima,

never think about the consequences.

nikada ne razmišljamo o posledicama.

When we welcome new human life into the world,

Kada proslavljamo dolazak novorođenčeta na svet,

we welcome our babies into the company of other creatures.

mi uvodimo naše bebe u društvo drugih bića.

We paint animals on the walls.

Slikamo životinje po zidovima.

We don't paint cell phones.

Ne slikamo mobilne telefone.

We don't paint work cubicles.

Ne slikamo kancelarije.

We paint animals to show them that we are not alone.

Slikamo životinje kako bismo deci pokazali da nismo sami.

We have company.

U društvu smo.

And every one of those animals in every painting of Noah's ark,

I svaka od ovih životinja na svakoj slici Nojeve barke,

deemed worthy of salvation is in mortal danger now,

koja je bila vredna spasavanja, sada se nalazi u smrtnoj opasnosti,

and their flood is us.

a njihov potop smo mi.

So we started with a question:

Dakle, počeli smo pitanjem:

Do they love us?

da li nas vole?

We're going to ask another question.

Postavićemo drugo pitanje.

Are we capable of using what we have

Da li smo u stanju da koristimo ono što imamo

to care enough to simply let them continue?

da marimo taman toliko da im prosto dozvolimo da opstanu?

Thank you very much.

Mnogo vam hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)