What are animals thinking and feeling? | Carl Safina

Translator: Coral Ferreira Reviewer: Serv. de Norm. Lingüística U. de Santiago de Compostela

Have you ever wondered what animals think and feel?

Algunha vez vos preguntastes que pensan e senten os animais?

Comecemos cunha pregunta:

Let's start with a question:

Does my dog really love me, or does she just want a treat?

A miña cadela quéreme ou só quere unha caricia?

Well, it's easy to see that our dog really loves us,

É doado ver que a nosa cadela realmente nos quere.

easy to see, right,

É doado velo, non?

Que está a pasar...

what's going on in that fuzzy little head.

...nesa cabeciña peluda?

What is going on?

Que está a pasar?

Something's going on.

Algo está a pasar.

But why is the question always do they love us?

Por que sempre preguntamos se nos queren?

Why is it always about us?

Por que sempre é sobre nós?

Why are we such narcissists?

Por que somos tan narcisistas?

I found a different question to ask animals.

Atopei outra pregunta para os animais.

Who are you?

Quen sodes?

There are capacities of the human mind

Hai aptitudes da mente humana

that we tend to think are capacities only of the human mind.

que tendemos a crer que só son da mente humana

Pero é certo?

But is that true?

Que fan outros seres con eses cerebros?

What are other beings doing with those brains?

What are they thinking and feeling?

Que pensan e senten?

Is there a way to know?

Hai modo de sabelo?

I think there is a way in.

Creo que o hai.

I think there are several ways in.

Creo que hai moitas maneiras.

We can look at evolution, we can look at their brains

Podemos fixarnos na evolución,

mirar os seus cerebros e ver que fan.

and we can watch what they do.

O primeiro que hai que lembrar: o noso cerebro é herdado.

The first thing to remember is: our brain is inherited.

As primeiras neuronas viñeron das medusas.

The first neurons came from jellyfish.

Jellyfish gave rise to the first chordates.

As medusas orixinaron ós cordados.

The first chordates gave rise to the first vertebrates.

Os cordados orixinaron ós vertebrados.

The vertebrates came out of the sea,

Os vertebrados saíron do mar e aquí estamos.

and here we are.

But it's still true that a neuron, a nerve cell, looks the same

O que é certo é que unha neurona, unha célula nerviosa, parece a mesma

in a crayfish, a bird or you.

nun cangrexo, nun paxaro ou en vós.

What does that say about the minds of crayfish?

Que nos di iso...

...sobre a mente dos cangrexos?

Can we tell anything about that?

Podemos dicir algo?

Well, it turns out that if you give a crayfish

Resulta que...

...se se lle dá a un cangrexo pequenas descargas eléctricas

a lot of little tiny electric shocks

every time it tries to come out of its burrow,

cada vez que tenta saír da súa toba, xerará ansiedade.

it will develop anxiety.

If you give the crayfish the same drug

Se se lle dá ó cangrexo o mesmo medicamento

used to treat anxiety disorder in humans,

usado para tratar a ansiedade nos humanos,

it relaxes and comes out and explores.

reláxase, sae e explora.

How do we show how much we care about crayfish anxiety?

Como amosamos o que nos importa a ansiedade dos cangrexos?

Mostly, we boil them.

Fervéndoos.

(Laughter)

Octopuses use tools, as well as do most apes

Os polbos usan ferramentas,

como os simios, e recoñecen rostros humanos.

and they recognize human faces.

How do we celebrate the ape-like intelligence of this invertebrate?

Como celebramos a intelixencia simiesca destes invertebrados?

Mostly boiled.

Fervéndoos.

If a grouper chases a fish into a crevice in the coral,

Se un mero persegue un peixe ata unha greta no coral,

it will sometimes go to where it knows a moray eel is sleeping

irá onde sabe que hai unha morea durmindo

and it will signal to the moray, "Follow me,"

e diralle á morea "sígueme",

and the moray will understand that signal.

e a morea entenderá ese sinal.

The moray may go into the crevice and get the fish,

A morea pode entrar na greta e coller o peixe,

but the fish may bolt and the grouper may get it.

pero o peixe pode fuxir e o mero atrapalo.

This is an ancient partnership that we have just recently found out about.

Esta é unha antiga colaboración que acabamos de descubrir.

How do we celebrate that ancient partnership?

Como celebramos esa antiga colaboración?

Mostly fried.

Fritíndoos.

A pattern is emerging and it says a lot more about us

Está xurdindo un patrón que di máis sobre nós

than it does about them.

ca sobre eles.

Sea otters use tools

As londras mariñas usan ferramentas

e sacan tempo do que están a facer

and they take time away from what they're doing

para amosarlles ás crías que facer, ó que se chama ensinanza.

to show their babies what to do, which is called teaching.

Chimpanzees don't teach.

Os chimpancés non ensinan.

Killer whales teach and killer whales share food.

As candorcas ensinan e comparten comida.

When evolution makes something new,

Cando a evolución fai algo novo, usa as pezas que ten,

it uses the parts it has in stock, off the shelf,

sácaas do caixón, antes de dar un novo xiro.

before it fabricates a new twist.

And our brain has come to us

O noso cerebro chegounos

a través dun longo período de tempo.

through the enormity of the deep sweep of time.

If you look at the human brain compared to a chimpanzee brain,

Se comparamos o cerebro humano co do chimpancé,

vemos que temos un gran cerebro de chimpancé.

what you see is we have basically a very big chimpanzee brain.

It's a good thing ours is bigger, because we're also really insecure.

Isto é algo bo para nós, porque somos inseguros.

(Laughter)

But, uh oh, there's a dolphin,

Pero están os golfiños

a bigger brain with more convolutions.

cun cerebro meirande e máis circunvolucións.

OK, maybe you're saying, all right, well, we see brains,

Quizais estades dicindo "vemos cerebros,

but what does that have to say about minds?

pero que teñen que ver

coa mente?"

Well, we can see the working of the mind

Podemos ver o funcionamento da mente

na lóxica do comportamento.

in the logic of behaviors.

So these elephants, you can see,

Estes elefantes, como podedes ver, están a descansar.

obviously, they are resting.

Atoparon sombra

They have found a patch of shade under the palm trees

so unha palmeira baixo a cal dormen as súas crías

under which to let their babies sleep,

while they doze but remain vigilant.

mentres eles sonean, mais vixiantes.

We make perfect sense of that image

Entendemos esa imaxe

just as they make perfect sense of what they're doing

así como eles saben o que fan

porque baixo o mesmo sol nas mesmas chairas

because under the arc of the same sun on the same plains,

listening to the howls of the same dangers,

escoitando os ouveos dos mesmos perigos,

convertéronse no que son e nós no que somos.

they became who they are and we became who we are.

We've been neighbors for a very long time.

Fomos veciños por moito tempo.

No one would mistake these elephants as being relaxed.

Ninguén diría que estes elefantes están relaxados.

They're obviously very concerned about something.

Están moi preocupados por algo.

Que lles preocupa?

What are they concerned about?

It turns out that if you record the voices of tourists

Se gravades as voces dos turistas

and you play that recording from a speaker hidden in bushes,

e as reproducides cun altofalante escondido nuns arbustos,

os elefantes ignorarano porque non os molestan.

elephants will ignore it, because tourists never bother elephants.

Pero se gravades as voces dos pastores

But if you record the voices of herders

who carry spears and often hurt elephants in confrontations at water holes,

que levan lanzas e os feren en enfrontamentos nas áreas de auga,

the elephants will bunch up and run away from the hidden speaker.

os elefantes agruparanse e fuxirán do altofalante oculto.

Not only do elephants know that there are humans,

Non só saben que hai humanos,

saben que hai distintos tipos

they know that there are different kinds of humans,

and that some are OK and some are dangerous.

e que algúns son bos e outros perigosos.

They have been watching us for much longer than we have been watching them.

Estiveron observándonos máis tempo que nós a eles.

They know us better than we know them.

Coñécennos mellor do que nós a eles.

We have the same imperatives:

Temos os mesmos imperativos:

coidar dos nosos bebés, atopar comida, manternos vivos.

take care of our babies, find food, try to stay alive.

Whether we're outfitted for hiking in the hills of Africa

Tanto se nos equipamos para facer sendeirismo

nas montañas de África ou para somerxernos no mar,

or outfitted for diving under the sea, we are basically the same.

somos os mesmos. Somos parentes baixo a pel.

We are kin under the skin.

The elephant has the same skeleton,

O elefante ten o mesmo esqueleto,

the killer whale has the same skeleton,

a candorca ten o mesmo esqueleto ca nós.

as do we.

We see helping where help is needed.

Vémolos axudar onde se necesita.

We see curiosity in the young.

Vemos curiosidade no novo.

We see the bonds of family connections.

Vemos os lazos de conexións familiares.

We recognize affection.

Recoñecemos o afecto.

Courtship is courtship.

O cortexo é o cortexo.

And then we ask, "Are they conscious?"

E preguntámonos:

son conscientes?

When you get general anesthesia, it makes you unconscious,

Cando vos poñen anestesia xeral, quedades inconscientes,

which means you have no sensation of anything.

polo que non sentides nada.

A consciencia séntese coma algo.

Consciousness is simply the thing that feels like something.

If you see, if you hear, if you feel, if you're aware of anything,

Se vedes, oídes, sentides, dádesvos conta de algo,

you are conscious, and they are conscious.

sodes conscientes e eles son conscientes.

Algúns din que hai cousas que fan humanos ós humanos

Some people say

well, there are certain things that make humans humans,

and one of those things is empathy.

e unha delas é a empatía.

Empathy is the mind's ability to match moods with your companions.

A empatía é a facultade de comprender o estado anímico dos compañeiros.

It's a very useful thing.

É algo moi útil.

Se os vosos compañeiros se moven rápido,

If your companions start to move quickly,

you have to feel like you need to hurry up.

sentides que necesitades apurarvos. Todos temos présa agora.

We're all in a hurry now.

The oldest form of empathy is contagious fear.

A forma máis antiga de empatía é contaxiar o medo.

If your companions suddenly startle and fly away,

Se os vosos compañeiros se asustan e foxen,

it does not work very well for you to say,

non sería útil pensar

"Jeez, I wonder why everybody just left."

"pregúntome por que todos marcharon".

(Laughter)

A empatía é vella, pero a empatía, como todo na vida,

Empathy is old, but empathy, like everything else in life,

comes on a sliding scale and has its elaboration.

ten distintos graos e a súa elaboración.

So there's basic empathy: you feel sad, it makes me sad.

Está a empatía básica:

se estades tristes, síntome triste. Véxovos felices, síntome feliz.

I see you happy, it makes me happy.

Then there's something that I call sympathy,

Logo está o que chamo simpatía, un pouco máis distante:

a little more removed:

"I'm sorry to hear that your grandmother has just passed away.

sinto que a túa avoa finara.

I don't feel that same grief, but I get it; I know what you feel

Non sinto a mesma dor, pero enténdoa, sei o que sentes e preocúpome.

and it concerns me."

And then if we're motivated to act on sympathy,

E se estamos motivados para reaccionar á simpatía,

I call that compassion.

chámoo compaixón.

Lonxe de ser o que nos fai humanos,

Far from being the thing that makes us human,

human empathy is far from perfect.

a empatía humana está lonxe da perfección.

We round up empathic creatures, we kill them and we eat them.

Reunimos criaturas empáticas, matámolas e comémolas.

Quizais pensedes "son especies diferentes.

Now, maybe you say OK, well, those are different species.

That's just predation, and humans are predators.

Só é depredación e o humano é depredador".

But we don't treat our own kind too well either.

Pero tampouco tratamos ben á nosa propia especie.

Quen parece que só coñece algo sobre o comportamento animal,

People who seem to know only one thing about animal behavior

know that you must never attribute human thoughts and emotions

sabe que non se deben atribuír pensamentos e emocións humanos

to other species.

a outras especies.

Well, I think that's silly,

Creo que é unha parvada,

because attributing human thoughts and emotions to other species

porque atribuír pensamentos e emocións humanos a outras especies

is the best first guess about what they're doing and how they're feeling,

é a mellor e primeira idea sobre o que fan e senten,

because their brains are basically the same as ours.

porque os seus cerebros son os mesmos cós nosos.

They have the same structures.

Teñen as mesmas estruturas.

As mesmas hormonas que crean o estado de ánimo e nos motivan,

The same hormones that create mood and motivation in us

tamén están neses cerebros.

are in those brains as well.

Non é científico dicir que cando teñen fame, cazan

It is not scientific to say that they are hungry when they're hunting

ou que están cansos cando as súas linguas colgan

and they're tired when their tongues are hanging out,

and then say when they're playing with their children

e que cando xogan coas súas crías e están ledos e felices

and acting joyful and happy,

we have no idea if they can possibly be experiencing anything.

non temos nin idea de se están a experimentar algo.

That is not scientific.

Iso non é científico.

So OK, so a reporter said to me,

Un xornalista díxome:

como sabes que os animais poden pensar e sentir?

"Maybe, but how do you really know that other animals can think and feel?"

And I started to rifle through all the hundreds

Comecei a buscar nos centos de referencias científicas

of scientific references that I put in my book

que puxen no meu libro

and I realized that the answer was right in the room with me.

e comprendín que a resposta estaba no cuarto comigo.

When my dog gets off the rug and comes over to me --

Cando a miña cadela deixa a alfombra e vén onda min, non ó sofá, a min

not to the couch, to me --

e dá a volta sobre o lombo e expón o seu ventre,

and she rolls over on her back and exposes her belly,

she has had the thought, "I would like my belly rubbed.

ela pensou "quero que me rasquen o ventre.

I know that I can go over to Carl,

Sei que podo ir onda Carl. El entenderá o que lle pido.

he will understand what I'm asking.

I know I can trust him because we're family.

Sei que podo confiar nel porque somos familia.

He'll get the job done, and it will feel good."

Fará o traballo e sentireime ben".

(Laughter)

Ela pensou e sentiu,

She has thought and she has felt,

and it's really not more complicated than that.

e non é máis complicado ca iso.

Pero vemos a outros animais e dicimos:

But we see other animals and we say, "Oh look, killer whales,

"candorcas, lobos, elefantes.

wolves, elephants:

Non o ven así".

that's not how they see it."

That tall-finned male is L41.

Ese macho da aleta alta é L41.

Ten 38 anos.

He's 38 years old.

The female right on his left side is L22.

A femia á súa esquerda é L22.

She's 44.

Ten 44 anos.

They've known each other for decades.

Coñécense desde hai décadas.

They know exactly who they are.

Saben quen son eles.

They know who their friends are.

Saben quen son os seus amigos. Quen son os seus rivais.

They know who their rivals are.

Their life follows the arc of a career.

A súa vida segue unha traxectoria.

They know where they are all the time.

Saben onde están todo o tempo.

This is an elephant named Philo.

Este elefante é Philo.

He was a young male.

Era un macho novo.

This is him four days later.

Este é el catro días despois.

Humans not only can feel grief, we create an awful lot of it.

Os humanos non só sentimos dor,

tamén causamos moita.

We want to carve their teeth.

Queremos tallar os seus dentes.

Why can't we wait for them to die?

Por que non podemos esperar a que morran?

Elephants once ranged from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea

Os elefantes habitaban desde a beira do Mar Mediterráneo

all the way down to the Cape of Good Hope.

ata o cabo de Boa Esperanza.

In 1980, there were vast strongholds of elephant range

En 1980 había grandes redutos de elefantes

in Central and Eastern Africa.

en África central e oriental.

And now their range is shattered into little shards.

E agora o seu hábitat está desfeito en pequenos fragmentos.

This is the geography of an animal that we are driving to extinction,

Esta é a xeografía dun animal

ó que estamos extinguindo,

a fellow being, the most magnificent creature on land.

Un compañeiro, a criatura máis magnífica da terra.

Of course, we take much better care of our wildlife in the United States.

Claro que coidamos máis a nosa fauna nos Estados Unidos.

In Yellowstone National Park, we killed every single wolf.

No Parque Nacional de Yellowstone,

matamos todos os lobos.

We killed every single wolf south of the Canadian border, actually.

Matamos todos os lobos ó sur da fronteira con Canadá.

But in the park, park rangers did that in the 1920s,

Pero no parque, os vixías fixérono nos anos 20

and then 60 years later they had to bring them back,

e 60 anos despois tiveron que traelos,

because the elk numbers had gotten out of control.

porque a poboación de alces estaba descontrolada.

And then people came.

Logo veu a xente.

People came by the thousands to see the wolves,

Miles de persoas viñeron ver os lobos,

the most accessibly visible wolves in the world.

os máis visibles e accesibles do mundo.

And I went there and I watched this incredible family of wolves.

Eu fun alí e vin esta incrible familia. Unha manda é unha familia.

A pack is a family.

It has some breeding adults and the young of several generations.

Ten adultos reprodutores e novos de varias xeracións.

Vin a manda máis estable e famosa do Parque Nacional de Yellowstone.

And I watched the most famous, most stable pack in Yellowstone National Park.

And then, when they wandered just outside the border,

Cando vagaban fóra da fronteira,

two of their adults were killed,

dous dos seus adultos foron asasinados,

including the mother,

a nai incluída,

which we sometimes call the alpha female.

á que ás veces chamamos femia alfa.

The rest of the family immediately descended into sibling rivalry.

O resto da familia sumiuse nunha rivalidade entre irmáns.

Sisters kicked out other sisters.

As irmás expulsaban a outras irmás.

That one on the left tried for days to rejoin her family.

Esa da esquerda intentou durante días volver coa súa familia.

They wouldn't let her because they were jealous of her.

Non llo permitiron porque tiñan celos.

She was getting too much attention from two new males,

Estaba chamando a atención de dous machos novos

and she was the precocious one.

e ela era a precoz.

That was too much for them.

Iso foi demasiado para elas.

She wound up wandering outside the park and getting shot.

Acabou vagando fóra do parque e recibindo un disparo.

The alpha male wound up being ejected from his own family.

O macho alfa acabou expulsado da súa familia.

As winter was coming in,

Cando chegou o inverno,

he lost his territory, his hunting support,

perdeu o seu territorio, o seu apoio de caza,

the members of his family and his mate.

os membros da súa familia e a súa parella.

We cause so much pain to them.

Causámoslles moita dor.

The mystery is, why don't they hurt us more than they do?

O misterio é

por que non nos fan máis dano?

This whale had just finished eating part of a grey whale

Esta candorca acababa de comer parte dunha foca gris

with his companions who had killed that whale.

cos seus compañeiros, quen a mataran.

Those people in the boat had nothing at all to fear.

Esa xente do bote non tiña nada que temer.

This whale is T20.

Esta candorca é T20.

He had just finished tearing a seal into three pieces with two companions.

Acababa de partir unha foca en tres con dous compañeiros.

The seal weighed about as much as the people in the boat.

A foca pesaba tanto coma a xente do bote.

They had nothing to fear.

Non tiñan nada que temer.

Aliméntanse de focas.

They eat seals.

Why don't they eat us?

Por que non nos comen?

Why can we trust them around our toddlers?

Por que podemos confiarlles os nosos fillos?

Why is it that killer whales have returned to researchers lost in thick fog

Por que as candorcas van por investigadores perdidos na néboa

and led them miles until the fog parted

e os guían durante quilómetros ata que a néboa desaparece

and the researchers' home was right there on the shoreline?

e o seu fogar aparece aí, na costa?

And that's happened more than one time.

Isto pasou máis dunha vez.

In the Bahamas, there's a woman named Denise Herzing,

Nas Bahamas, unha muller, Denise Herzing,

and she studies spotted dolphins and they know her.

estuda os golfiños manchados e eles coñécena.

She knows them very well. She knows who they all are.

Ela coñéceos moi ben. Sabe quen son todos.

They know her. They recognize the research boat.

Eles coñécena. Recoñecen o barco de investigación.

When she shows up, it's a big happy reunion.

Cando aparece, é unha reunión feliz. Agás unha vez, ela chegou

Except, one time showed up and they didn't want to come near the boat,

e eles non querían achegarse, o que era moi raro.

and that was really strange.

And they couldn't figure out what was going on

Non sabían que pasaba ata que alguén saíu a cuberta

until somebody came out on deck

e anunciou que unha das persoas a bordo finara

and announced that one of the people onboard had died

durante unha sesta na súa liteira.

during a nap in his bunk.

How could dolphins know that one of the human hearts

Como sabían os golfiños que un dos corazóns humanos

had just stopped?

acababa de parar?

Why would they care?

Por que lles importaba?

E por que os asustou?

And why would it spook them?

Estes misterios apuntan a todo o que pasa

These mysterious things just hint at all of the things that are going on

in the minds that are with us on Earth

nas mentes que están con nós na Terra

that we almost never think about at all.

sobre as que case nunca pensamos.

At an aquarium in South Africa

Nun acuario en Suráfrica

was a little baby bottle-nosed dolphin named Dolly.

había unha pequena cría de arroaz chamada Dolly.

She was nursing, and one day a keeper took a cigarette break

Estaba lactando

e un día un vixiante nun descanso

and he was looking into the window into their pool, smoking.

estaba a mirar pola fiestra á súa piscina, fumando.

Dolly came over and looked at him,

Dolly achegouse e mirouno,

went back to her mother, nursed for a minute or two,

foi onda a nai,

lactou un minuto ou dous

came back to the window

volveu á fiestra

and released a cloud of milk that enveloped her head like smoke.

e soltou unha nube de leite que lle cubriu a cabeza como o fume.

Somehow, this baby bottle-nosed dolphin

Dalgún xeito,

esta cría de arroaz tivo a idea

got the idea of using milk to represent smoke.

de usar leite para representar o fume.

Cando os humanos usan algo para representar outra cousa,

When human beings use one thing to represent another,

we call that art.

chamámolo arte.

(Laughter)

The things that make us human

O que nos fai humanos non é o que cremos que nolo fai.

are not the things that we think make us human.

What makes us human is that,

O que nos fai humanos é que,

de todo o que as nosas mentes e as súas teñen,

of all these things that our minds and their minds have,

we are the most extreme.

nós somos os máis extremos.

We are the most compassionate,

Somos os máis compasivos,

most violent, most creative

os máis violentos, os máis creativos

and most destructive animal that has ever been on this planet,

e o animal máis destrutivo que houbo neste planeta.

and we are all of those things all jumbled up together.

e somos todo iso xunto.

But love is not the thing that makes us human.

Pero o amor non é o que nos fai humanos.

It's not special to us.

Non é especial para nós.

We are not the only ones who care about our mates.

Non somos os únicos

que nos preocupamos polos demais.

We are not the only ones who care about our children.

Non somos os únicos que nos preocupamos

polos nosos fillos.

Albatrosses frequently fly six, sometimes ten thousand miles

Os albatros voan nove, ás veces 16.000 quilómetros

over several weeks to deliver one meal, one big meal,

durante semanas para entregar unha comida,

unha gran comida, ás súas crías que os esperan.

to their chick who is waiting for them.

They nest on the most remote islands in the oceans of the world,

Aniñan nas illas máis remotas dos océanos do mundo

and this is what it looks like.

e así é como son.

Passing life from one generation to the next is the chain of being.

Pasar a vida dunha xeración a outra é a cadea do ser.

If that stops, it all goes away.

Se se para, todo remata.

If anything is sacred, that is, and into that sacred relationship

Se hai algo sagrado, é isto,

e a esa relación sagrada chega o noso lixo de plástico.

comes our plastic trash.

All of these birds have plastic in them now.

Todos estes paxaros teñen plástico neles.

This is an albatross six months old, ready to fledge --

Este é un albatros de seis meses

listo para emplumar, morto, cheo de chisqueiros vermellos.

died, packed with red cigarette lighters.

This is not the relationship we are supposed to have

Esta non é a relación que se supón que temos que ter

with the rest of the world.

co resto do mundo.

But we, who have named ourselves after our brains,

Pero nós, que nos identificamos logo do noso cerebro,

never think about the consequences.

nunca pensamos nas consecuencias.

Cando damos a benvida a un novo humano no mundo,

When we welcome new human life into the world,

damos a benvida ós nosos bebés na compañía doutras criaturas.

we welcome our babies into the company of other creatures.

We paint animals on the walls.

Pintamos animais nas paredes. Non pintamos móbiles.

We don't paint cell phones.

We don't paint work cubicles.

Non pintamos espazos de traballo.

We paint animals to show them that we are not alone.

Pintamos animais para amosarlles que non estamos sós.

We have company.

Temos compañía.

And every one of those animals in every painting of Noah's ark,

E cada un deses animais en cada pintura da arca de Noé,

deemed worthy of salvation is in mortal danger now,

considerados dignos de salvación está en perigo mortal agora,

and their flood is us.

e o seu diluvio somos nós.

So we started with a question:

Comezamos cunha pregunta:

quérennos?

Do they love us?

We're going to ask another question.

Imos facer outra pregunta.

Are we capable of using what we have

Somos capaces de usar o que temos

to care enough to simply let them continue?

para coidalos o suficiente

para deixalos continuar?

Thank you very much.

Moitas grazas.

(Applause)