How movies teach manhood | Colin Stokes

Translator: Morton Bast Reviewer: Thu-Huong Ha

Prevodilac: Andrea Jovanovic Lektor: Boško Eraković

You know, my favorite part of being a dad

Znate, moj omiljeni deo očinstva

is the movies I get to watch.

su filmovi koje mogu da gledam.

I love sharing my favorite movies with my kids,

Volim da podelim omiljene filmove sa svojom decom

and when my daughter was four,

i kad mi je ćerka imala četiri godine,

we got to watch "The Wizard of Oz" together.

gledali smo zajedno "Čarobnjak iz Oza".

It totally dominated her imagination for months.

U potpunosti je vladao njenom maštom mesecima.

Her favorite character was Glinda, of course.

Njen omiljeni lik je bila Glinda, naravno.

It gave her a great excuse to wear a sparkly dress

Dao joj je sjajan izgovor da nosi svetlucavu haljinu

and carry a wand.

i štapić.

But you watch that movie enough times,

Znate, ukoliko gledate film dovoljno puta,

and you start to realize how unusual it is.

počnete shvatati koliko je neobičan.

Now we live today, and are raising our children,

Živimo u današnjici i odgajamo svoju decu,

in a kind of children's-fantasy-spectacular-industrial complex.

u nekoj vrsti spektakularnog industrijskog kompleksa dečije fantazije.

But "The Wizard of Oz" stood alone.

Ali "Čarobnjak iz Oza" je stajao sam.

It did not start that trend.

Nije započeo takav trend.

Forty years later was when the trend really caught on,

Četrdeset godina kasnije se trend zaista prihvatio,

with, interestingly, another movie

sa, zanimljivo, drugim filmom

that featured a metal guy

gde jedan metalni lik

and a furry guy

i krznati lik

rescuing a girl by dressing up as the enemy's guards.

spašavali devojku obučeni kao neprijateljski čuvari.

Do you know what I'm talking about? (Laughter)

Da li znate o čemu pričam? (Smeh)

Yeah.

Da.

Now, there's a big difference between these two movies,

Postoji velika razlika između ova dva filma,

a couple of really big differences between "The Wizard of Oz"

nekoliko zaista značajnih razlika između filma "Čarobnjak iz Oza"

and all the movies we watch today.

i svih filmova koje danas gledamo.

One is there's very little violence in "The Wizard of Oz."

Jedna od njih je vrlo malo nasilja u "Čarobnjaku iz Oza".

The monkeys are rather aggressive, as are the apple trees.

Majmuni su agresivni koliko i drveće jabuke.

But I think if "The Wizard of Oz" were made today,

Ali mislim da je "Čarobnjak iz Oza" snimljen danas,

the wizard would say, "Dorothy, you are the savior of Oz

čarobnjak bi rekao: "Doroti, ti si spasilac Oza

that the prophecy foretold.

koga je pročanstvo predskazalo.

Use your magic slippers to defeat

Upotrebi svoje magične cipele da poraziš

the computer-generated armies of the Wicked Witch."

kompjuterski stvorene armije zle veštice."

But that's not how it happens.

Ne dešava se to tako.

Another thing that's really unique about "The Wizard of Oz"

Još jedna stvar koja je zaista jedinstvena kod "Čarobnjaka iz Oza" jeste ta

to me is that all of the most heroic

što su svi herojski,

and wise and even villainous characters

mudri, čak i zli likovi

are female.

ženski likovi.

Now I started to notice this

Ovo sam počeo da zapažam

when I actually showed "Star Wars" to my daughter,

kada sam pokazao "Star Wars" svojo ćerki,

which was years later, and the situation was different.

što je bilo godinama kasnije i situacija je bila drugačija.

At that point I also had a son.

Tad sam imao već i sina.

He was only three at the time.

On je imao samo 3 godine tad.

He was not invited to the screening. He was too young for that.

Nismo mu dozvolili da gleda. Bio je previše mlad za to.

But he was the second child,

Ali on je bio drugo dete

and the level of supervision had plummeted. (Laughter)

i nivo nadzora je opao. (Smeh)

So he wandered in,

Ušetao je unutra

and it imprinted on him

i to je na njega imalo uticaj

like a mommy duck does to its duckling,

kao što mama-patka ima na svoje pače

and I don't think he understands what's going on,

i mislim da ne razume šta se dešava,

but he is sure soaking in it.

ali je potpuno obuzet time.

And I wonder what he's soaking in.

Pitam se čime je obuzet.

Is he picking up on the themes of courage

Da li shvata pojmove hrabrosti,

and perseverance and loyalty?

upornosti i lojalnosti?

Is he picking up on the fact that Luke

Da li shvata da se Luk

joins an army to overthrow the government?

priključuje vojsci da bi srušio vladu?

Is he picking up on the fact that

Da li zaključuje

there are only boys in the universe

da postoje samo momci u univerzumu,

except for Aunt Beru, and of course this princess,

izuzev Tetke Beru i naravno, ove princeze

who's really cool, but who kind of waits around through most of the movie

koja je zaista kul ali koja nekako stalno čeka tokom filma

so that she can award the hero with a medal and a wink

da bi mogla da nagradi heroja medaljom i namigne mu

to thank him for saving the universe, which he does

da mu se zahvali što je spasao svemir

by the magic that he was born with?

što on čini magijom sa kojom je rođen.

Compare this to 1939 with "The Wizard of Oz."

Uporedite ovo sa 1939. i "Čarobnjakom iz Oza".

How does Dorothy win her movie?

Kako Doroti pobeđuje?

By making friends with everybody

Tako što se sprijatelji sa svima

and being a leader.

i liderstvom.

That's kind of the world I'd rather raise my kids in --

U takvom svetu želim da odgajam svoju decu -

Oz, right? -- and not the world of dudes fighting,

Oz, je l' tako? - a ne svet momaka u tučama,

which is where we kind of have to be.

u kome nekako i moramo biti.

Why is there so much Force -- capital F, Force --

Zašto ima toliko nasilja, sa velikim N kod nasilja,

in the movies we have for our kids,

u filmovima za našu decu,

and so little yellow brick road?

i tako malo Puteva od žutih cigala?

There is a lot of great writing about the impact

Postoji mnogo sjajnih dela o uticaju

that the boy-violent movie has on girls,

koje imaju filmovi muškog nasilja na devojke,

and you should do that reading. It's very good.

i trebalo bi da ih pročitate. Veoma su dobre.

I haven't read as much on how boys are picking up on this vibe.

Nisam pročitao kako momci shvataju ove poruke.

I know from my own experience that

Znam iz ličnog iskustva da

Princess Leia did not provide the adequate context

Princeza Leja nije dala adekvatan kontekst

that I could have used in navigating the adult world

koji bih mogao upotrebiti u navigaciji sveta odraslih

that is co-ed. (Laughter)

koji je mešovit. (Smeh)

I think there was a first-kiss moment

Znate, postojao je svojevrstan momenat prvog poljupca

when I really expected the credits to start rolling

kad sam zaista očekivao da će početi špica

because that's the end of the movie, right?

jer to je kraj filma, zar ne?

I finished my quest, I got the girl.

Ispunio sam zadatak, dobio sam devojku.

Why are you still standing there?

Zašto još uvek stojiš tu?

I don't know what I'm supposed to do.

Ne znam šta bi trebalo da radim.

The movies are very, very focused on defeating the villain

Filmovi su veoma, veoma fokusirani na pobedu nad zlikovcima

and getting your reward, and there's not a lot of room

i dobijanje nagrade i nema mnogo mesta

for other relationships and other journeys.

za ostale veze i putovanja.

It's almost as though if you're a boy,

To je otprilike kao da, ako ste dečak,

you are a dopey animal,

onda ste blentava životinja,

and if you are a girl, you should bring your warrior costume.

a ako ste devojčica, morate nositi svoj ratnički kostim.

There are plenty of exceptions,

Mislim, postoji gomila izuzetaka

and I will defend the Disney princesses in front of any you.

i zaštitiću sve Diznijeve princeze pred bilo kim od vas.

But they do send a message to boys,

Ali oni šalju poruku i dečacima.

that they are not, the boys are not really the target audience.

Dečaci nisu baš ciljna publika.

They are doing a phenomenal job of teaching girls

Oni čine fenomenalan posao podučavajući devojčice

how to defend against the patriarchy,

kako da se zaštite protiv patrijarhata,

but they are not necessarily showing boys

ali ne pokazuju nužno i dečacima

how they're supposed to defend against the patriarchy.

kako bi oni trebalo da se zaštite od patrijarhata.

There's no models for them.

Nema uzora za njih.

And we also have some terrific women

I takođe imamo sjajne žene

who are writing new stories for our kids,

koje pišu nove priče za našu decu

and as three-dimensional and delightful as Hermione and Katniss are,

I koliko god da su trodimenzionalne i izvrsne Hermiona i Katnis,

these are still war movies.

ovo su i dalje ratni filmovi.

And, of course, the most successful studio of all time

I naravno, najuspešniji studio svih vremena

continues to crank out classic after classic,

nastavlja da izbacuje klasik za klasikom,

every single one of them about

u svakom od njih se radi

the journey of a boy, or a man,

o putovanju dečaka ili muškarca

or two men who are friends, or a man and his son,

ili dva muškarca koji su prijatelji ili muškarca i njegovog sina

or two men who are raising a little girl.

ili dva muškarca koji odgajaju devojčicu.

Until, as many of you are thinking, this year,

Do, kao što i mnogi od vas pomišljaju, ove godine

when they finally came out with "Brave."

kad su se konačno pojavili sa filmom "Brave".

I recommend it to all of you. It's on demand now.

Preporučujem svima vama. Ima ga na videu.

Do you remember what the critics said when "Brave" came out?

Sećate se šta su kritičari rekli kad se "Brave" pojavio?

"Aw, I can't believe Pixar made a princess movie."

"Ah, ne mogu da verujem, Piksar je napravio film o princezi".

It's very good. Don't let that stop you.

Veoma je dobar. Ne dozvolite da vas to zaustavi.

Now, almost none of these movies pass the Bechdel Test.

E sad, skoro nijedan od ovih filmova nije položio Bekdel test.

I don't know if you've heard of this.

Ne znam da li ste čuli.

It has not yet caught on and caught fire,

Još nije upalilo,

but maybe today we will start a movement.

ali možda danas pokrenemo pokret.

Alison Bechdel is a comic book artist,

Alison Bekdel je ilustrator stripova

and back in the mid-'80s, she recorded this conversation

i sredinom 80-tih je snimila razgovor vođen

she'd had with a friend about assessing the movies that they saw.

sa jednim prijateljem, o ocenjivanju filmova koje su videli.

And it's very simple. There's just three questions you should ask:

Jako je jednostavno. Samo tri pitanja treba da postavite:

Is there more than one character in the movie

Da li ima više od jednog ženskog lika u filmu

that is female who has lines?

koji ima tekst?

So try to meet that bar.

Dakle, pokušajte da ispunite taj kriterijum.

And do these women talk to each other at any point in the movie?

Da li ove žene pričaju međusobno u filmu?

And is their conversation about something other than

I da li razgovaraju o nečemu drugom

the guy that they both like? (Laughter)

osim o momku koji se obema sviđa? (Smeh)

Right? Thank you. (Applause)

Je l' tako? Hvala vam. (Alpauz)

Thank you very much.

Hvala vam puno.

Two women who exist and talk to each other about stuff.

Dve žene koje postoje i pričaju jedna s drugom o stvarima.

It does happen. I've seen it,

Dešava se. Video sam to

and yet I very rarely see it in the movies

i do sad sam retko viđao u filmovima

that we know and love.

koje znamo i volimo.

In fact, this week I went to see

U stvari, ove nedelje sam otišao da vidim

a very high-quality movie, "Argo."

veoma kvalitetan film, "Argo".

Right? Oscar buzz, doing great at the box office,

Da? Kandidat za Oskara, sjajno prolazi na blagajnama,

a consensus idea of what a quality Hollywood film is.

pokazatelj šta je kvalitetan holivudski film.

It pretty much flunks the Bechdel test.

Ali pada na Bekdel testu.

And I don't think it should, because a lot of the movie,

Ne mislim da bi trebalo, jer većina filma,

I don't know if you've seen it, but a lot of the movie

ne znam da li ste gledali, ali većina filma

takes place in this embassy where men and women

se odigrava u ambasadi gde se muškarci i žene

are hiding out during the hostage crisis.

skrivaju za vreme talačke krize.

We've got quite a few scenes of the men

Imamo nekoliko scena sa muškarcima kako

having deep, angst-ridden conversations in this hideout,

imaju duboke, smirene razgovore u skrovištu

and the great moment for one of the actresses is

i veliki momenat za jednu od glumica je

to peek through the door and say, "Are you coming to bed, honey?"

da virne kroz vrata i kaže: "Dolaziš u krevet, dragi?"

That's Hollywood for you.

To vam je Holivud.

So let's look at the numbers.

Dakle, da pogledamo brojke.

2011, of the 100 most popular movies,

2011., sto najpopularhijih filmova,

how many of them do you think actually have female protagonists?

Šta vi mislite koliko od njih ima zapravo ženske protagoniste?

Eleven. It's not bad.

Jedanaest. Nije loše.

It's not as many percent as the number of women

Nije veliki procenat kao što je broj žena

we've just elected to Congress, so that's good.

koje smo upravo izabrali za Kongres, to je dobro.

But there is a number that is greater than this

Ali postoji broj koji je veći od ovog,

that's going to bring this room down.

koji će iznenaditi ovu salu.

Last year, The New York Times published a study

Prošle godine, Njujork Tajms je objavio studiju

that the government had done.

koju je vlada sprovela.

Here's what it said.

Evo šta kaže.

One out of five women in America

Jedna od pet žena u Americi kaže

say that they have been sexually assaulted some time in their life.

da je bila seksualno zlostavljana nekad u svom životu.

Now, I don't think that's the fault of popular entertainment.

Ne mislim da je to krivica popularne zabave.

I don't think kids' movies have anything to do with that.

Ne mislim da filmovi za decu imaju išta sa tim.

I don't even think that

Čak ni ne mislim da

music videos or pornography are really directly related to that,

muzički spotovi ili pornografija imaju direktnu vezu sa tim,

but something is going wrong,

ali nešto ne ide kako treba

and when I hear that statistic,

i kad čujem tu statistiku,

one of the things I think of is

jedna od stvari na koje pomislim je,

that's a lot of sexual assailants.

to je mnogo seksualnih siledžija.

Who are these guys? What are they learning?

Ko su ovi momci? Šta oni uče?

What are they failing to learn?

Šta ne uspevaju da nauče?

Are they absorbing the story that

Da li oni prihvataju priču

a male hero's job is to defeat the villain with violence

da je posao muškaraca heroja da poraze zlikovca nasiljem

and then collect the reward, which is a woman

i onda pokupe nagradu, a to je žena

who has no friends and doesn't speak?

koja nema prijatelje i ne govori?

Are we soaking up that story?

Da li mi upijamo tu priču?

You know,

Znate,

as a parent with the privilege

kao roditelj sa privilegijom

of raising a daughter

da odgajam ćerku,

like all of you who are doing the same thing,

kao i svi vi koji radite istu stvar,

we find this world and this statistic very alarming

smatramo ovakav svet i ovu statistiku veoma alarmantnom

and we want to prepare them.

i mi želimo da ih pripremimo.

We have tools at our disposal like "girl power,"

Imamo sredstva na raspolaganju kao što je žensko zajedništvo

and we hope that that will help,

i nadamo se da će pomoći,

but I gotta wonder, is girl power going to protect them

ali zapitao sam se, da li će ih žensko zajedništvo zaštititi

if, at the same time, actively or passively,

ako u isto vreme, aktivno ili pasivno,

we are training our sons to maintain their boy power?

učimo svoje sinove da održe svoju momačku moć?

I mean, I think the Netflix queue

Mislim, smatram da je lista filmova na Netflixu

is one way that we can do something very important,

jedan od načina da uradimo nešto jako važno.

and I'm talking mainly to the dads here.

I ovde većinom govorim očevima.

I think we have got to show our sons

Mislim da moramo pokazati našim sinovima

a new definition of manhood.

jednu novu definiciju muževnosti.

The definition of manhood is already turning upside down.

Definicija muževnosti se već izobrazila.

You've read about how the new economy

Čitali ste o tome kako nova ekonomija

is changing the roles of caregiver and wage earner.

menja uloge negovatelja i onih koji zarađuju pare.

They're throwing it up in the air.

Svi smo toga svesni.

So our sons are going to have to find some way

Naši sinovi će morati da pronađu neki način

of adapting to this, some new relationship with each other,

prilagođavanja ovome, ovim novim međusobnim odnosima

and I think we really have to show them, and model for them,

i mislim da ih zaista moramo naučiti i pokazati im,

how a real man

kako je pravi muškarac

is someone who trusts his sisters

neko ko veruje svojim sestrama

and respects them, and wants to be on their team,

i poštuje ih i želi da bude u njihovom timu

and stands up against the real bad guys,

i protivi se pravim lošim momcima,

who are the men who want to abuse the women.

a to su muškarci koji žele da zlostavljaju žene.

And I think our job in the Netflix queue

I mislim da je naš zadatak na Netflix listi

is to look out for those movies that pass the Bechdel Test,

da tražimo takve filmove koji su položili Bekdel test,

if we can find them, and to seek out the heroines

ako ih možemo pronaći i da pronađemo heroine,

who are there,

koje postoje,

who show real courage, who bring people together,

koje pokazuju hrabrost, koje spajaju ljude

and to nudge our sons to identify with those heroines

i teraju naše sinove da se poistovete sa tim heroinama

and to say, "I want to be on their team,"

i kažu: "Želim da budem u njihovom timu,"

because they're going to be on their team.

jer će oni biti u njihovom timu.

When I asked my daughter who her favorite character was in "Star Wars,"

Kad sam pitao svoju ćerku ko je njen omiljeni karakter u "Ratovima zvezda",

do you know what she said?

znate šta je rekla?

Obi-Wan.

Obi-Van.

Obi-Wan Kenobi and Glinda.

Obi-Van Kenobi i Glinda.

What do these two have in common?

Šta je kod njih slično?

Maybe it's not just the sparkly dress.

Možda nije samo svetlucava haljina.

I think these people are experts.

Mislim da su ovi ljudi stručnjaci.

I think these are the two people in the movie

Mislim da su upravo oni ti u filmu

who know more than anybody else,

koji znaju više od ostalih

and they love sharing their knowledge with other people

i vole da dele svoje znanje sa drugim ljudima,

to help them reach their potential.

da im pomognu da dostignu svoj potencijal.

Now, they are leaders.

Oni su vođe.

I like that kind of quest for my daughter,

Volim takvu vrstu potrage za svoju ćerku

and I like that kind of quest for my son.

i volim takvu vrstu potrage za svog sina.

I want more quests like that.

Želim više takvih potraga.

I want fewer quests where my son is told,

Želim manje potraga u kojima je mom sinu rečeno

"Go out and fight it alone,"

"Izađi i bori se sam",

and more quests where he sees that it's his job to join a team,

i više potraga u kojima on vidi da je njegov posao da se pridruži timu,

maybe a team led by women,

možda timu koji vode žene,

to help other people become better

da pomogne ljudima da postanu bolji

and be better people,

i da budu bolji ljudi,

like the Wizard of Oz.

kao što je "Čarobnjak iz Oza".

Thank you.

Hvala vam.