Ernesto Sirolli: Want to help someone? Shut up and listen!

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

Prevodilac: Ranka Zarkovic Lektor: Milica A.

Everything I do, and everything I do professionally --

Sve što radim, radim profesionalno -

my life -- has been shaped

moj život - je formiralo

by seven years of work as a young man in Africa.

sedam godina koje sam u mladosti proveo radeći u Africi.

From 1971 to 1977 --

Od 1971. do 1977. -

I look young, but I'm not — (Laughter) --

Izgledam mlado, ali nisam - (Smeh) -

I worked in Zambia, Kenya, Ivory Coast, Algeria, Somalia,

Radio sam u Zambiji, Keniji, Obali Slonovače, Alžiru, Somaliji,

in projects of technical cooperation with African countries.

na projektima tehničke saradnje sa afričkim državama.

I worked for an Italian NGO,

Radio sam za italijansku nevladinu organizaciju

and every single project that we set up in Africa

i svaki projekat koji smo počeli u Africi

failed.

je propao.

And I was distraught.

Bio sam izbezumljen.

I thought, age 21, that we Italians were good people

Sa 21 godinom sam mislio da smo mi, Italijani, dobri ljudi

and we were doing good work in Africa.

i da činimo dobro u Africi.

Instead, everything we touched we killed.

Umesto toga, sve što smo dotakli, smo i uništili.

Our first project, the one that has inspired my first book,

Naš prvi projekat, onaj koji me je inspirisao za moju prvu knjigu,

"Ripples from the Zambezi,"

"Talasi iz Zambezija",

was a project where we Italians

je bio projekat u kom smo mi, Italijani,

decided to teach Zambian people how to grow food.

odlučili da naučimo zambijski narod kako da uzgaja hranu.

So we arrived there with Italian seeds in southern Zambia

I tako dođosmo sa italijanskim semenjem u južnu Zambiju

in this absolutely magnificent valley

u jednu veličanstvenu dolinu,

going down to the Zambezi River,

niz reku Zambezi,

and we taught the local people how to grow Italian tomatoes

i učismo lokalno stanovništvo kako da gaji italijanski paradajz

and zucchini and ...

i tikvice i...

And of course the local people had absolutely no interest

Naravno, lokalno stanovništvo nije nimalo zanimalo

in doing that, so we paid them to come and work,

da radi tako nešto, tako da smo im platili da dođu i rade,

and sometimes they would show up. (Laughter)

i ponekad su čak i dolazili. (Smeh)

And we were amazed that the local people,

Bili smo začuđeni kako to da lokalno stanovništvo,

in such a fertile valley, would not have any agriculture.

u tako plodnoj dolini nema nikakvu poljoprivredu.

But instead of asking them how come they were not

Ali umesto da ih pitamo kako to da

growing anything, we simply said, "Thank God we're here." (Laughter)

ne sade ništa, mi smo jednostavno rekli: "Hvala bogu što smo tu." (Smeh)

"Just in the nick of time to save the Zambian people from starvation."

"Taman u poslednjem trenutku da bismo spasili zambijski narod od gladi."

And of course, everything in Africa grew beautifully.

I naravno, sve je u Africi predivno raslo.

We had these magnificent tomatoes. In Italy, a tomato

Imali smo taj predivni paradajz. U Italiji, paradajz

would grow to this size. In Zambia, to this size.

može da poraste do ove veličine. U Zambiji, do ove.

And we could not believe, and we were telling the Zambians,

I nismo mogli da verujemo i govorili smo Zambijcima:

"Look how easy agriculture is."

"Pogledajte kako je poljoprivreda jednostavna."

When the tomatoes were nice and ripe and red,

Kad je paradajz postao zreo i crven,

overnight, some 200 hippos came out from the river

preko noći je negde oko 200 nilskih konja izašlo iz reke

and they ate everything. (Laughter)

i sve pojelo. (Smeh)

And we said to the Zambians, "My God, the hippos!"

I onda smo rekli Zambijcima: "O, bože, nilski konji!"

And the Zambians said, "Yes, that's why we have no agriculture here." (Laughter)

I Zambijci su rekli: "Da, zato se mi ovde ne bavimo poljoprivredom." (Smeh)

"Why didn't you tell us?""You never asked."

"Zašto nam niste rekli?" - "Nikad nas niste pitali."

I thought it was only us Italians blundering around Africa,

Mislio sam da smo samo mi Italijani zabrljali po Africi,

but then I saw what the Americans were doing,

ali onda sam video šta rade Amerikanci,

what the English were doing, what the French were doing,

šta rade Englezi, šta rade Francuzi

and after seeing what they were doing,

i nakon što sam video šta oni rade,

I became quite proud of our project in Zambia.

postao sam prilično ponosan na naš projekat u Zambiji.

Because, you see, at least we fed the hippos.

Jer, vidite, mi smo bar nahranili nilske konje.

You should see the rubbish — (Applause) --

Trebalo bi da vidite otpatke - (Aplauz) -

You should see the rubbish that we have bestowed

Trebalo bi da vidite otpatke koje smo ostavili

on unsuspecting African people.

bezazlenom afričkom narodu.

You want to read the book,

Ako hoćete da pročitate knjigu,

read "Dead Aid," by Dambisa Moyo,

pročitajte "Mrtvu pomoć" od Dambize Mojo,

Zambian woman economist.

zambijske ekonomistkinje.

The book was published in 2009.

Knjiga je izašla 2009.

We Western donor countries have given the African continent

Mi zapadni donatori smo dali afričkom kontinentu

two trillion American dollars in the last 50 years.

dva biliona američkih dolara u poslednjih 50 godina.

I'm not going to tell you the damage that that money has done.

Neću da vam govorim o tome koliku je štetu naneo taj novac.

Just go and read her book.

Dovoljno je da pročitate njenu knigu.

Read it from an African woman, the damage that we have done.

Pročitajte šta kaže Afrikanka o šteti koju smo naneli.

We Western people are imperialist, colonialist missionaries,

Mi zapadnjaci smo imperijalisti, kolonijalisti, misionari

and there are only two ways we deal with people:

i postoje samo dva načina na koja se odnosimo prema narodima:

We either patronize them, or we are paternalistic.

ili ih patronizujemo ili se prema njima odnosimo paternalistički.

The two words come from the Latin root "pater,"

Obe reči vuku koren iz latinskog "pater",

which means "father."

što znači "otac".

But they mean two different things.

Ali su značenja različita.

Paternalistic, I treat anybody from a different culture

Paternalistički se ponašam ako tretiram nekog ko je iz drugačije kulture

as if they were my children. "I love you so much."

kao da je moje dete. "Mnogo te volim".

Patronizing, I treat everybody from another culture

Patronizujem ako tretiram sve iz drugačije kulture

as if they were my servants.

kao da su moje sluge.

That's why the white people in Africa are called "bwana," boss.

Zato bele ljude u Africi zovu "bvana", gazda.

I was given a slap in the face reading a book,

Ošamarila me je knjiga

"Small is Beautiful," written by Schumacher, who said,

"Malo je lepo", koju je napisao Šumaher, koji kaže,

above all in economic development, if people

najvažnije od svega u ekonomskom razvoju je, da ako ljudi

do not wish to be helped, leave them alone.

ne žele da im pomognete, treba da ih pustite na miru.

This should be the first principle of aid.

To bi trebalo da bude prvi princip pomoći.

The first principle of aid is respect.

Prvi princip pomoći je poštovanje.

This morning, the gentleman who opened this conference

Jutros je gospodin koji je otvorio ovu konferenciju

lay a stick on the floor, and said,

stavio štap na pod i rekao:

"Can we -- can you imagine a city

"Možemo li - možete li da zamislite grad

that is not neocolonial?"

koji nije neokolonijalan?"

I decided when I was 27 years old

Kad sam imao 27 godina, odlučio sam

to only respond to people,

da samo odgovaram ljudima,

and I invented a system called Enterprise Facilitation,

i izmislio sam sistem nazvan Olakšavanje preduzetništva,

where you never initiate anything,

u kome nikad ništa ne počinjete,

you never motivate anybody, but you become a servant

nikog ne motivišete, već postajete sluga

of the local passion, the servant of local people

lokalne strasti, sluga lokalnih ljudi

who have a dream to become a better person.

koji sanjaju o tome da postanu bolji ljudi.

So what you do -- you shut up.

Znači šta radite - ućutite.

You never arrive in a community with any ideas,

Nikad ne dolazite ni u jednu sredinu sa idejama

and you sit with the local people.

i sednete i slušate lokalne ljude.

We don't work from offices.

Mi ne radimo iz kancelarija.

We meet at the cafe. We meet at the pub.

Nalazimo se u kafiću. Nalazimo se u pabu.

We have zero infrastructure.

Nemamo nikakvu infrastrukturu.

And what we do, we become friends,

I šta radimo - postajemo prijatelji

and we find out what that person wants to do.

i saznajemo šta bi te osobe htele da urade.

The most important thing is passion.

Najvažnija od svega je strast.

You can give somebody an idea.

Možete nekome da date ideju.

If that person doesn't want to do it,

Ali ako ta osoba to ne želi da uradi,

what are you going to do?

šta ćete vi uraditi?

The passion that the person has for her own growth

Strast koju osoba ima za svoj sopstveni razvoj

is the most important thing.

je najvažnija od svega.

The passion that that man has for his own personal growth

Strast koju čovek ima za svoj sopstveni lični razvoj

is the most important thing.

je najvažnija od svega.

And then we help them to go and find the knowledge,

I tada im pomažemo da pronađu znanje,

because nobody in the world can succeed alone.

jer niko na svetu ne može da uspe sam.

The person with the idea may not have the knowledge,

Osoba sa idejom možda nema znanja,

but the knowledge is available.

ali znanje je dostižno.

So years and years ago, I had this idea:

Tako sam pre mnogo godina došao na ovu ideju:

Why don't we, for once, instead of arriving in the community

Zašto ne bismo, jednom, umesto da dođemo u neku zajednicu

to tell people what to do, why don't, for once,

i da kažemo ljudima šta da rade, zašto ne bismo, bar jednom,

listen to them? But not in community meetings.

poslušali njih? Ali ne u mesnim sastancima.

Let me tell you a secret.

Dozvolite mi da vam odam tajnu.

There is a problem with community meetings.

Postoji jedan problem sa mesnim sastancima.

Entrepreneurs never come,

Preduzetnici nikad ne dolaze

and they never tell you, in a public meeting,

i nikad vam neće reći, na javnom sastanku,

what they want to do with their own money,

šta žele da rade sa svojim novcem,

what opportunity they have identified.

kakve su prilike pronašli.

So planning has this blind spot.

Tako da planiranje ima tu slepu tačku.

The smartest people in your community you don't even know,

Najpametnije ljude u vašoj zajednici vi čak i ne poznajete,

because they don't come to your public meetings.

jer oni ne dolaze na vaše javne sastanke.

What we do, we work one-on-one,

Mi radimo jedan na jedan,

and to work one-on-one, you have to create

a da biste radili jedan na jedan, morate da stvorite

a social infrastructure that doesn't exist.

socijalnu infrastrukturu koja ne postoji.

You have to create a new profession.

Morate da izmislite novu profesiju.

The profession is the family doctor of enterprise,

Ta profesija je porodični lekar za preduzeća,

the family doctor of business, who sits with you

porodični lekar za poslovanje, koji seda uz vas

in your house, at your kitchen table, at the cafe,

u vašoj kući, za vašim kuhinjskim stolom, u kafiću

and helps you find the resources to transform your passion

i pomaže vam da pronađete izvore da biste pretvorili vašu strast

into a way to make a living.

u vaš način zarade.

I started this as a tryout in Esperance, in Western Australia.

Počeo sam to kao pokušaj u Esperanci, u Zapadnoj Australiji.

I was a doing a Ph.D. at the time,

Radio sam tada na svom doktoratu,

trying to go away from this patronizing bullshit

u pokušaju da se udaljim od tog patronističkog sranja

that we arrive and tell you what to do.

u kom mi dolazimo i kažemo vam šta da radite.

And so what I did in Esperance that first year

I to što sam uradio u Esperanci te prve godine

was to just walk the streets, and in three days

bilo je jednostavno šetanje po ulicama i u tri dana

I had my first client, and I helped this first guy

sam imao svog prvog klijenta i pomogao sam tom prvom momku

who was smoking fish from a garage, was a Maori guy,

koji je dimio ribu u garaži, bio je Maor

and I helped him to sell to the restaurant in Perth,

i pomogao sam mu da proda restoranu u Pertu,

to get organized, and then the fishermen came to me to say,

da se organizuje i tada su ribari došli kod mene i rekli:

"You the guy who helped Maori? Can you help us?"

"Jesi li ti taj koji je pomogao Maoru? Možeš li da pomogneš i nama?"

And I helped these five fishermen to work together

I pomogao sam toj petorici ribara da zajedno rade

and get this beautiful tuna not to the cannery in Albany

i da ne daju svoju predivnu tunjevinu fabrici za preradu u Albaniju

for 60 cents a kilo, but we found a way

za 60 centi po kilogramu, već smo pronašli način

to take the fish for sushi to Japan for 15 dollars a kilo,

da odvezemo ribu za suši u Japan za 15 dolara po kilogramu

and the farmers came to talk to me, said,

i onda su poljoprivrednici došli do mene i rekli:

"Hey, you helped them. Can you help us?"

"Hej, njima si pomogao. Možeš li da pomogneš i nama?"

In a year, I had 27 projects going on,

U godinu dana sam imao 27 tekućih projekata

and the government came to see me to say,

i vlada je došla da me vidi i rekla:

"How can you do that?

"Kako to uspevaš?"

How can you do — ?" And I said, "I do something very, very, very difficult.

Kako uspevaš - ?" A ja sam rekao: "Radim nešto vrlo, vrlo, vrlo teško.

I shut up, and listen to them." (Laughter)

Ćutim i slušam njih." (Smeh)

So — (Applause) —

I tako - (Aplauz) -

So the government says, "Do it again." (Laughter)

I tako je vlada rekla: "Uradi to opet." (Smeh)

We've done it in 300 communities around the world.

Uradili smo to u 300 zajednica širom sveta.

We have helped to start 40,000 businesses.

Pomogli smo da se započne 40.000 preduzeća.

There is a new generation of entrepreneurs

Postoji čitava nova generacija preduzetnika

who are dying of solitude.

koji umiru od usamljenosti.

Peter Drucker, one of the greatest management consultants in history,

Piter Draker, jedan od najvećih savetnika za menadžment u istoriji,

died age 96, a few years ago.

umro je u svojoj 96. godini, pre nekoliko godina.

Peter Drucker was a professor of philosophy

Piter Draker je bio profesor filozofije

before becoming involved in business,

koji se uključio u poslovanje,

and this is what Peter Drucker says:

i evo šta Piter Draker kaže:

"Planning is actually incompatible

"Planiranje je zapravo nekompatibilno

with an entrepreneurial society and economy."

sa preduzetničkim društvom i ekonomijom."

Planning is the kiss of death of entrepreneurship.

Planiranje je poljubac smrti za preduzetništvo.

So now you're rebuilding Christchurch

I tako sada izgrađujete Krajstčerč,

without knowing what the smartest people in Christchurch

a da ne znate šta najpametniji ljudi u Krajstčerču

want to do with their own money and their own energy.

žele da urade sa svojim novcem i svojom energijom.

You have to learn how to get these people

Morate da naučite kako da ti ljudi

to come and talk to you.

dođu do vas i pričaju sa vama.

You have to offer them confidentiality, privacy,

Morate da im ponudite poverljivost, privatnost,

you have to be fantastic at helping them,

morate da budete fantastični u pomaganju

and then they will come, and they will come in droves.

i u tom slučaju će doći, doći će u gomilama.

In a community of 10,000 people, we get 200 clients.

U zajednici od 10.000 ljudi imamo 200 klijenata.

Can you imagine a community of 400,000 people,

Da li možete da zamislite zajednicu od 400.000 ljudi,

the intelligence and the passion?

svu tu inteligenciju i strast?

Which presentation have you applauded the most this morning?

Kojoj prezentaciji ste najviše aplaudirali jutros?

Local, passionate people. That's who you have applauded.

Lokalnim, strastvenim stanovnicima. Njima ste aplaudirali.

So what I'm saying is that

Ono što hoću da kažem je

entrepreneurship is where it's at.

da je preduzetništvo tamo gde jeste.

We are at the end of the first industrial revolution --

Mi se nalazimo na kraju prve industrijske revolucije -

nonrenewable fossil fuels, manufacturing --

neobnovljiva fosilna goriva, proizvodnja -

and all of a sudden, we have systems which are not sustainable.

iznenada, imamo sisteme koji nisu održivi.

The internal combustion engine is not sustainable.

Motor sa unutrašnjim sagorevanjem nije održiv.

Freon way of maintaining things is not sustainable.

Freon za konzervaciju stvari nije održiv.

What we have to look at is at how we

To što moramo da tražimo je kako da

feed, cure, educate, transport, communicate

hranimo, lečimo, prevozimo, komuniciramo,

for seven billion people in a sustainable way.

za sedam milijardi ljudi na održiv način.

The technologies do not exist to do that.

Ne postoji tehnologija koja bi to uradila.

Who is going to invent the technology

Ko će da izmisli tehnologiju

for the green revolution? Universities? Forget about it!

za zelenu revoluciju? Univerziteti? Zaboravite!

Government? Forget about it!

Vlade? Zaboravite!

It will be entrepreneurs, and they're doing it now.

Biće to preduzetnici i oni sada rade na tome.

There's a lovely story that I read in a futurist magazine

Postoji divna priča koju sam pročitao u futurističkom časopisu

many, many years ago.

pre mnogo, mnogo godina.

There was a group of experts who were invited

Bila jednom grupa stručnjaka koja je pozvana

to discuss the future of the city of New York in 1860.

da raspravlja o budućnosti grada Njujorka 1860. godine.

And in 1860, this group of people came together,

I tako 1860., skupila se ta grupa ljudi

and they all speculated about what would happen

i razmišljali su o tome šta će se dogoditi

to the city of New York in 100 years,

gradu Njujorku u sledećih 100 godina

and the conclusion was unanimous:

i zaključak je bio jednoglasan:

The city of New York would not exist in 100 years.

Njujork neće da postoji za 100 godina.

Why? Because they looked at the curve and said,

Zašto? Jer su oni pogledali grafikone i rekli:

if the population keeps growing at this rate,

ako stanovništvo nastavi da raste ovom stopom,

to move the population of New York around,

za prevoz građana Njujorka

they would have needed six million horses,

biće potrebno šest miliona konja

and the manure created by six million horses

i balega koju bi šest miliona konja proizvelo

would be impossible to deal with.

bi bila nerešiv problem.

They were already drowning in manure. (Laughter)

Već tada su se davili u balegi. (Smeh)

So 1860, they are seeing this dirty technology

Tako su 1860. imali viziju te prljave tehnologije

that is going to choke the life out of New York.

kako guši život u Njujorku.

So what happens? In 40 years' time, in the year 1900,

I šta se desilo? Četrdeset godina kasnije, 1900. godine,

in the United States of America, there were 1,001

u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama je bila 1001

car manufacturing companies -- 1,001.

fabrika za proizvodnju automobila - 1001.

The idea of finding a different technology

Ideja za traženjem nove tehnologije

had absolutely taken over,

je potpuno prevagnula

and there were tiny, tiny little factories in backwaters.

i nastajale su male, sićušne fabrike u zabitima.

Dearborn, Michigan. Henry Ford.

Dirborn, Mičigen. Henri Ford.

However, there is a secret to work with entrepreneurs.

Međutim, postoji tajna uspeha poslovanja sa preduzetnicima.

First, you have to offer them confidentiality.

Prvo, morate im ponuditi poverljivost.

Otherwise they don't come and talk to you.

U protivnom neće doći da razgovaraju sa vama.

Then you have to offer them absolute, dedicated,

Osim toga im morate ponuditi potpunu, posvećenu,

passionate service to them.

strasnu uslugu.

And then you have to tell them the truth about entrepreneurship.

I morate im odati tajnu preduzetništva.

The smallest company, the biggest company,

I najmanja kompanija i najveća kompanija,

has to be capable of doing three things beautifully:

mora da bude sposobna da savršeno obavi tri stvari:

The product that you want to sell has to be fantastic,

proizvod koji želite da prodate mora da bude fantastičan,

you have to have fantastic marketing,

morate da imate fantastičan marketing

and you have to have tremendous financial management.

i morate da imate strašan finansijski menadžment.

Guess what?

I pogodite šta?

We have never met a single human being

Nikad nećete sresti jednog jedinog čoveka

in the world who can make it, sell it and look after the money.

na svetu koji može da proizvodi, da prodaje i da se bavi novcem.

It doesn't exist.

Ne postoji.

This person has never been born.

Takva osoba još nije rođena.

We've done the research, and we have looked

Obavili smo istraživanje i proučili smo

at the 100 iconic companies of the world --

100 svetski poznatih kompanija -

Carnegie, Westinghouse, Edison, Ford,

Karnegi, Vestinghaus, Edison, Ford

all the new companies, Google, Yahoo.

i nove kompanije, Gugl, Jahu.

There's only one thing that all the successful companies

Postoji samo jedna stvar koja je za sve uspešne svetske

in the world have in common, only one:

kompanije zajednička, samo jedna:

None were started by one person.

nijednu nije pokrenula jedna osoba.

Now we teach entrepreneurship to 16-year-olds

Sada predajemo preduzetništvo šesnaestogodišnjacima

in Northumberland, and we start the class

u Nortamberlendu, a čas počinjemo

by giving them the first two pages of Richard Branson's autobiography,

dajući im prve dve stranice autobiografije Ričarda Brensona,

and the task of the 16-year-olds is to underline,

a zadatak za šesnaestogodišnjake je da podvuku,

in the first two pages of Richard Branson's autobiography

u prve dve stranice autobiografije Ričarda Brensona,

how many times Richard uses the word "I"

koliko je puta Ričard upotrebio reč "ja"

and how many times he uses the word "we."

i koliko je puta upotrebio reč "mi".

Never the word "I," and the word "we" 32 times.

Nijednom reč "ja", a reč "mi" 32 puta.

He wasn't alone when he started.

Nije bio sam kada je počeo.

Nobody started a company alone. No one.

Niko nije sam pokrenuo kompaniju. Niko.

So we can create the community

Tako možemo da stvorimo zajednicu

where we have facilitators who come from a small business background

u kojoj imamo pomagače koji dolaze iz malih poslovnih pozadina,

sitting in cafes, in bars, and your dedicated buddies

sede u kafiću, u baru i postaju vaši predani ortaci

who will do to you, what somebody did for this gentleman

koji će učiniti za vas ono što je neko učinio za ovog gospodina

who talks about this epic,

koji govori o ovom epu,

somebody who will say to you, "What do you need?

neko ko će da vas upita: "Šta ti treba?

What can you do? Can you make it?

Šta možeš da uradiš?

Okay, can you sell it? Can you look after the money?"

Ok, je l' možeš da prodaš? Da li znaš sa novcem?"

"Oh, no, I cannot do this.""Would you like me to find you somebody?"

"Oh ne, ne mogu to da uradim." - "Je l' hoćeš da ti nađem nekoga?"

We activate communities.

Mi aktiviramo zajednice.

We have groups of volunteers supporting the Enterprise Facilitator

Imamo grupe volontera koji podržavaju Olakšavanje preduzetništva

to help you to find resources and people

da bi vam pomogli da pronađete izvore i ljude

and we have discovered that the miracle

i otkrili smo da je čudo

of the intelligence of local people is such

inteligencije lokalnih ljudi takvo

that you can change the culture and the economy

da možete da promenite kulturu i ekonomiju

of this community just by capturing the passion,

te zajednice hvatajući strast,

the energy and imagination of your own people.

energiju i maštu vaših sopstvenih ljudi.

Thank you. (Applause)

Hvala. (Aplauz)