Ernesto Sirolli: Want to help someone? Shut up and listen!

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

Prevoditelj: Senzos Osijek Recezent: Ranka Zarkovic

Everything I do, and everything I do professionally --

Sve što radim privatno i poslovano --

my life -- has been shaped

cijeli moj život -- oblikovalo je

by seven years of work as a young man in Africa.

sedam godina rada u Africi za vrijeme mladosti.

From 1971 to 1977 --

Od 1971. do 1977. --

I look young, but I'm not — (Laughter) --

izgledam mlad, ali nisam – (Smijeh) –

I worked in Zambia, Kenya, Ivory Coast, Algeria, Somalia,

Radio sam u Zambiji, Keniji, Obali Bjelokosti, Alžiru i Somaliji

in projects of technical cooperation with African countries.

na projektima tehničke suradnje s afričkim zemljama.

I worked for an Italian NGO,

Radio sam za talijansku nevladinu udrugu

and every single project that we set up in Africa

i svi projekti koje smo započeli u Africi

failed.

propali su.

And I was distraught.

Bio sam uznemiren.

I thought, age 21, that we Italians were good people

S 21 sam godinom mislio da smo mi Talijani dobri ljudi

and we were doing good work in Africa.

i da radimo dobar posao u Africi.

Instead, everything we touched we killed.

Umjesto toga, uništili smo sve što smo dotaknuli.

Our first project, the one that has inspired my first book,

Naš prvi projekt, koji je bio inspiracija za moju prvu knjigu,

"Ripples from the Zambezi,"

„Žuborenje iz Zambezija“,

was a project where we Italians

bio je projekt kojim smo mi Talijani

decided to teach Zambian people how to grow food.

odlučili naučiti Zambijce uzgajati hranu.

So we arrived there with Italian seeds in southern Zambia

Donijeli smo talijansko sjemenje u južnu Zambiju,

in this absolutely magnificent valley

u prekrasnu dolinu

going down to the Zambezi River,

koja se prostire do rijeke Zambezi

and we taught the local people how to grow Italian tomatoes

i naučili smo lokalne stanovnike uzgajati talijansku rajčicu

and zucchini and ...

i tikvice i...

And of course the local people had absolutely no interest

Naravno, lokalno stanovništvo nije pokazalo nikakav interes za to

in doing that, so we paid them to come and work,

pa smo im plaćali da dolaze raditi

and sometimes they would show up. (Laughter)

i ponekad bi se čak i pojavili. (Smijeh)

And we were amazed that the local people,

Bili smo zaprepašteni kako lokalni stanovnici

in such a fertile valley, would not have any agriculture.

u tako plodnoj dolini nisu imali nikakvu poljoprivredu.

But instead of asking them how come they were not

No, umjesto da ih upitamo kako to

growing anything, we simply said, "Thank God we're here." (Laughter)

da ništa ne uzgajaju, jednostavno smo rekli: „Hvala Bogu da smo došli.“ (Smijeh)

"Just in the nick of time to save the Zambian people from starvation."

„Baš u pravi trenutak da spasimo Zambijce od gladovanja.“

And of course, everything in Africa grew beautifully.

Naravno, u Africi je sve predivno raslo.

We had these magnificent tomatoes. In Italy, a tomato

Imali smo veličanstvene rajčice. U Italiji bi rajčica

would grow to this size. In Zambia, to this size.

narasla do ove veličine. U Zambiji do ove.

And we could not believe, and we were telling the Zambians,

Nismo mogli vjerovati, govorili smo Zambijcima:

"Look how easy agriculture is."

„Gledajte kako je poljoprivreda jednostavna.“

When the tomatoes were nice and ripe and red,

Kad su rajčice bile lijepe, zrele i crvene,

overnight, some 200 hippos came out from the river

preko noći je 200 nilskih konja izašlo iz rijeke

and they ate everything. (Laughter)

i pojelo sve. (Smijeh)

And we said to the Zambians, "My God, the hippos!"

Rekli smo Zambijcima: „Blagi Bože, nilski konji!“,

And the Zambians said, "Yes, that's why we have no agriculture here." (Laughter)

a oni su rekli: „Da, zato ovdje nemamo nikakvu poljoprivredu.“ (Smijeh)

"Why didn't you tell us?""You never asked."

„Zašto nam to niste rekli?“ „Niste pitali.“

I thought it was only us Italians blundering around Africa,

Mislio sam da se samo mi Talijani blamiramo po Africi,

but then I saw what the Americans were doing,

ali tada sam vidio što su radili Amerikanci,

what the English were doing, what the French were doing,

što su radili Englezi, što su radili Francuzi

and after seeing what they were doing,

i nakon što sam vidio što su oni radili,

I became quite proud of our project in Zambia.

postao sam prilično ponosan na naš projekt u Zambiji.

Because, you see, at least we fed the hippos.

Zato što, vidite, bar smo nahranili nilske konje.

You should see the rubbish — (Applause) --

Trebali ste vidjeti otpatke – (Pljesak) –

You should see the rubbish that we have bestowed

Trebali ste vidjeti otpatke koje smo ostavili

on unsuspecting African people.

nedužnim Afrikancima.

You want to read the book,

Ako želite pročitati knjigu,

read "Dead Aid," by Dambisa Moyo,

pročitajte „Mrtvu pomoć“ Dambise Moyo,

Zambian woman economist.

Zambijske ekonomistice.

The book was published in 2009.

Knjiga je objavljenja 2009. godine.

We Western donor countries have given the African continent

Mi, zapadne zemlje donatori afričkom smo kontinentu

two trillion American dollars in the last 50 years.

u posljednjih 50 godina dali dva trilijuna američkih dolara.

I'm not going to tell you the damage that that money has done.

Neću vam govoriti o šteti koju je taj novac nanio.

Just go and read her book.

Samo pročitajte njezinu knjigu.

Read it from an African woman, the damage that we have done.

Pročitajte iz kuta jedne Afrikanke kakvu smo štetu nanijeli.

We Western people are imperialist, colonialist missionaries,

Mi zapadnjaci smo imperijalisti, kolonijalistički misionari,

and there are only two ways we deal with people:

i postoje samo dva načina na koje se odnosimo prema ljudima:

We either patronize them, or we are paternalistic.

Ili ih gledamo s visoka ili se postavljamo zaštitnički.

The two words come from the Latin root "pater,"

Obje riječi na engleskom imaju latinski korijen „pater“,

which means "father."

što znači „otac“.

But they mean two different things.

No, one označavaju dvije različite stvari.

Paternalistic, I treat anybody from a different culture

Zaštitnički se odnosim prema ljudima iz druge kulture

as if they were my children. "I love you so much."

kao da su moja djeca. „Toliko vas volim.“

Patronizing, I treat everybody from another culture

Kad gledam s visoka, tretiram osobe iz druge kulture

as if they were my servants.

kao da su moji sluge.

That's why the white people in Africa are called "bwana," boss.

Zato bijelce u Africi zovu „bwana“, šef.

I was given a slap in the face reading a book,

Dobio sam pljusku čitajući knjigu

"Small is Beautiful," written by Schumacher, who said,

„Maleno je lijepo“, koju je napisao Schumacher, koji je rekao

above all in economic development, if people

da je u gospodarskom razvoju najbitnije da, ako ljudi

do not wish to be helped, leave them alone.

ne žele da im se pomogne, ostavite ih na miru.

This should be the first principle of aid.

To bi trebalo biti prvo načelo pomoći.

The first principle of aid is respect.

Prvo načelo pomoći jest poštovanje.

This morning, the gentleman who opened this conference

Jutros je gospodin koji je otvorio ovu konferenciju

lay a stick on the floor, and said,

položio štap na pod i rekao,

"Can we -- can you imagine a city

„Možete li zamisliti grad

that is not neocolonial?"

koji nije neokolonijalan?“

I decided when I was 27 years old

Kad sam imao 27 godina

to only respond to people,

odlučio sam ljudima samo odgovarati

and I invented a system called Enterprise Facilitation,

i izumio sam sustav pod nazivom Potpora poslovanju,

where you never initiate anything,

u kojem nikad ništa ne inicirate,

you never motivate anybody, but you become a servant

nikad nikog ne motivirate, već postajete sluga

of the local passion, the servant of local people

lokalnog žara, sluga lokalnih ljudi

who have a dream to become a better person.

koji imaju san postati bolje osobe.

So what you do -- you shut up.

Vi, dakle, ušutite.

You never arrive in a community with any ideas,

U zajednicu dolazite bez ikakvih ideja

and you sit with the local people.

i sjedite s lokalnim stanovništvom.

We don't work from offices.

Mi ne radimo iz ureda.

We meet at the cafe. We meet at the pub.

Nalazimo se u kafiću ili u pubu.

We have zero infrastructure.

Nemamo nikakvu infrastrukturu.

And what we do, we become friends,

Mi postajemo prijatelji,

and we find out what that person wants to do.

saznajemo što ta osoba želi raditi.

The most important thing is passion.

Najvažnija je strast.

You can give somebody an idea.

Možete nekome dati ideju.

If that person doesn't want to do it,

Ako ta osoba to ne želi učiniti,

what are you going to do?

što vi tu možete?

The passion that the person has for her own growth

Strast koju osoba ima za svoj vlastiti rast

is the most important thing.

najvažnija je stvar.

The passion that that man has for his own personal growth

Strast koju taj čovjek ima za svojim vlastitim razvojem

is the most important thing.

najvažnija je stvar.

And then we help them to go and find the knowledge,

Mi mu pomažemo da krene i pronađe znanje

because nobody in the world can succeed alone.

jer nitko na svijetu ne može uspjeti sam.

The person with the idea may not have the knowledge,

Osoba s idejom možda nema znanje

but the knowledge is available.

ali to je znanje dostupno.

So years and years ago, I had this idea:

Prije mnogo godina imao sam ovu ideju:

Why don't we, for once, instead of arriving in the community

Zašto ne bismo jednom, umjesto da dođemo u zajednicu

to tell people what to do, why don't, for once,

i govorimo ljudima što da rade,

listen to them? But not in community meetings.

zašto ih ne bismo slušali? No, ne na sastancima zajednice.

Let me tell you a secret.

Da vam otkrijem tajnu.

There is a problem with community meetings.

Postoji problem sa sastancima zajednice.

Entrepreneurs never come,

Poduzetnici nikad ne dođu

and they never tell you, in a public meeting,

i ne kažu vam, na tim javnim sastancima,

what they want to do with their own money,

što žele raditi sa svojim novcem,

what opportunity they have identified.

kakvu su priliku pronašli.

So planning has this blind spot.

Planiranje ima tu slijepu točku.

The smartest people in your community you don't even know,

Najpametnije ljude u svojoj zajednici čak ni ne poznajete

because they don't come to your public meetings.

jer oni ne dolaze na vaše javne sastanke.

What we do, we work one-on-one,

Mi radimo sa svakime pojedinačno,

and to work one-on-one, you have to create

a da bismo to mogli, moramo stvoriti

a social infrastructure that doesn't exist.

društvenu infrastrukturu koja ne postoji.

You have to create a new profession.

Morate stvoriti novo zanimanje.

The profession is the family doctor of enterprise,

To je zanimanje obiteljski liječnik poduzetništva,

the family doctor of business, who sits with you

obiteljski liječnik poslovanja, koji sjedi s vama

in your house, at your kitchen table, at the cafe,

u vašoj kući, za vašim kuhinjskim stolom, na kavi

and helps you find the resources to transform your passion

i pomaže vam pronaći sredstva kojima ćete pretvorili svoju strast

into a way to make a living.

u nešto od čega možete živjeti.

I started this as a tryout in Esperance, in Western Australia.

Počeo sam s ovime, probno, u Esperanceu, u zapadnoj Australiji.

I was a doing a Ph.D. at the time,

U to sam vrijeme pripremao doktorat

trying to go away from this patronizing bullshit

i pokušavao se odmaknuti od tog govora s visoka,

that we arrive and tell you what to do.

od toga da dođemo i govorimo vam što da radite.

And so what I did in Esperance that first year

Te prve godine u Esperanceu

was to just walk the streets, and in three days

hodao sam ulicama i za tri sam dana

I had my first client, and I helped this first guy

imao prvog klijenta, pomogao sam tom prvom čovjeku

who was smoking fish from a garage, was a Maori guy,

koji je u garaži dimio ribu, bio je Maor.

and I helped him to sell to the restaurant in Perth,

Pomogao sam mu da to proda nekom restoranu u Perthu,

to get organized, and then the fishermen came to me to say,

da se organizira, a onda su došli ribari i rekli

"You the guy who helped Maori? Can you help us?"

„Ti si pomogao Maoru? Možeš li pomoći i nama?“

And I helped these five fishermen to work together

Pomogao sam petorici ribara da rade zajedno

and get this beautiful tuna not to the cannery in Albany

i prodaju izvrsnu tunu, ali ne tvornici konzervi u Albanyju

for 60 cents a kilo, but we found a way

za 60 centa po kilogramu, već smo našli način

to take the fish for sushi to Japan for 15 dollars a kilo,

da ribu prodamo za sushi u Japan po 15 dolara po kilogramu,.

and the farmers came to talk to me, said,

Zatim su mi došli farmeri i rekli:

"Hey, you helped them. Can you help us?"

„Hej, pomogao si njima. Možeš li pomoći i nama?“

In a year, I had 27 projects going on,

U godinu sam dana imao 27 projekata

and the government came to see me to say,

te mi je vlada došla s pitanjem

"How can you do that?

"Kako to uspijevaš?

How can you do — ?" And I said, "I do something very, very, very difficult.

Kako možeš --?“ Rekao sam: „Radim nešto zaista teško.

I shut up, and listen to them." (Laughter)

Šutim i slušam ih.“ (Smijeh)

So — (Applause) —

Dakle – (Pljesak) –

So the government says, "Do it again." (Laughter)

Dakle, vlada je rekla: „Učini to ponovno.“ (Smijeh)

We've done it in 300 communities around the world.

Učinili smo to u 300 zajednica širom svijeta.

We have helped to start 40,000 businesses.

Pomogli smo pri osnivanju 40.000 tvrtki.

There is a new generation of entrepreneurs

Postoji nova generacija poduzetnika

who are dying of solitude.

koji umiru od samoće.

Peter Drucker, one of the greatest management consultants in history,

Peter Drucker, jedan od najvećih konzultanata za menadžment u povijesti

died age 96, a few years ago.

umro je s 96 godina, prije nekoliko godina.

Peter Drucker was a professor of philosophy

Peter Drucker bio je profesor filozofije

before becoming involved in business,

prije nego se uključio u poduzetništvo,

and this is what Peter Drucker says:

i evo što kaže:

"Planning is actually incompatible

„Planiranje je zapravo nekompatibilno

with an entrepreneurial society and economy."

s poduzetničkim društvom i ekonomijom."

Planning is the kiss of death of entrepreneurship.

Planiranje je poljubac smrti za poduzetništvo.

So now you're rebuilding Christchurch

Tako sada ponovno izgrađujete Christchurch

without knowing what the smartest people in Christchurch

a da ne znate što najpametniji ljudi u Christchurchu

want to do with their own money and their own energy.

žele učiniti s vlastitim novcem i vlastitom energijom.

You have to learn how to get these people

Morate naučiti kako da vam ti ljudi

to come and talk to you.

priđu i razgovaraju s vama.

You have to offer them confidentiality, privacy,

Morate im ponuditi povjerljivost i privatnost,

you have to be fantastic at helping them,

morate biti odlični u pomaganju

and then they will come, and they will come in droves.

i doći će, doći će hrpimice.

In a community of 10,000 people, we get 200 clients.

U zajednici koja ima 10.000 ljudi dobijemo 200 klijenata.

Can you imagine a community of 400,000 people,

Možete li zamisliti zajednicu od 400.000 ljudi,

the intelligence and the passion?

svu tu inteligenciju i strast?

Which presentation have you applauded the most this morning?

Koju ste prezentaciji jutros najviše pljeskali?

Local, passionate people. That's who you have applauded.

Lokalnim, strastvenim ljudima. Njima ste pljeskali.

So what I'm saying is that

Ono što kažem jest

entrepreneurship is where it's at.

da je poduzetništvo na svom mjestu.

We are at the end of the first industrial revolution --

Na kraju smo prve industrijske revolucije –

nonrenewable fossil fuels, manufacturing --

neobnovljiva fosilna goriva, proizvodnja --

and all of a sudden, we have systems which are not sustainable.

i odjednom imamo sustave koji nisu održivi.

The internal combustion engine is not sustainable.

Motor s unutarnjim izgaranjem nije održiv.

Freon way of maintaining things is not sustainable.

Čuvanje proizvoda pomoću freona nije održivo.

What we have to look at is at how we

Moramo gledati kako možemo

feed, cure, educate, transport, communicate

hraniti, liječiti, obrazovati, prevoziti, komunicirati

for seven billion people in a sustainable way.

sa sedam milijardi ljudi na održiv način.

The technologies do not exist to do that.

Ne postoje tehnologije koje bi to radile.

Who is going to invent the technology

Tko će izumiti tehnologiju

for the green revolution? Universities? Forget about it!

za zelenu revoluciju? Fakulteti? Ma kakvi!

Government? Forget about it!

Vlada? Ni blizu!

It will be entrepreneurs, and they're doing it now.

To će biti poduzetnici i oni to upravo čine.

There's a lovely story that I read in a futurist magazine

U jednom futurističkom časopisu pročitao sam jednu lijepu priču

many, many years ago.

prije mnogo godina.

There was a group of experts who were invited

Radi se o grupi stručnjaka pozvanih

to discuss the future of the city of New York in 1860.

da rasprave o budućnosti New Yorka 1860. godine.

And in 1860, this group of people came together,

1860. godine ta se grupa ljudi sastala

and they all speculated about what would happen

i svi su raspravljali o tome što bi se moglo dogoditi

to the city of New York in 100 years,

s New Yorkom za 100 godina

and the conclusion was unanimous:

i zaključak je bio jednoglasan:

The city of New York would not exist in 100 years.

Grad New York za 100 godina neće postojati.

Why? Because they looked at the curve and said,

Zašto? Zato što su pogledali krivulju i rekli da,

if the population keeps growing at this rate,

ako stanovništvo nastavi rasti tom brzinom,

to move the population of New York around,

da bi se to stanovništvo kretalo New Yorkom,

they would have needed six million horses,

trebalo bi im šest milijuna konja,

and the manure created by six million horses

a izmet koji bi proizvodilo šest milijuna konja

would be impossible to deal with.

ne bi bilo moguće riješiti.

They were already drowning in manure. (Laughter)

Već su se tada utapali u izmetu. (Smijeh)

So 1860, they are seeing this dirty technology

Dakle, 1860. godine vidjeli su tu prljavu tehnologiju

that is going to choke the life out of New York.

koja bi ugušila život u New Yorku.

So what happens? In 40 years' time, in the year 1900,

I, što se dogodilo? 40 godina kasnije, 1900. godine

in the United States of America, there were 1,001

u SAD-u je bila 1001

car manufacturing companies -- 1,001.

tvornica automobila -- 1001.

The idea of finding a different technology

Ideja o pronalasku drugačije tehnologije

had absolutely taken over,

potpuno je dominirala

and there were tiny, tiny little factories in backwaters.

i postojale su malene tvornice u rukavcima.

Dearborn, Michigan. Henry Ford.

Dearborn, Michigan. Henry Ford.

However, there is a secret to work with entrepreneurs.

No, postoji tajna za rad s poduzetnicima.

First, you have to offer them confidentiality.

Prvo, morate im ponuditi povjerljivost.

Otherwise they don't come and talk to you.

U suprotnom vam neće prići i razgovarati s vama.

Then you have to offer them absolute, dedicated,

Zatim im morate ponuditi potpunu, predanu,

passionate service to them.

strastvenu uslugu.

And then you have to tell them the truth about entrepreneurship.

I onda im morate reći istinu o poduzetništvu.

The smallest company, the biggest company,

Bila to najmanja ili najveća tvrtka,

has to be capable of doing three things beautifully:

mora biti sposobna kvalitetno raditi tri stvari:

The product that you want to sell has to be fantastic,

proizvod koji želite prodati mora biti fantastičan,

you have to have fantastic marketing,

morate imati fantastičan marketing

and you have to have tremendous financial management.

i morate imati ogroman financijski menadžment.

Guess what?

Pogodite što?

We have never met a single human being

Na cijelom svijetu još nismo upoznali nikoga

in the world who can make it, sell it and look after the money.

tko može napraviti proizvod, prodati ga i paziti na novac.

It doesn't exist.

Ne postoji.

This person has never been born.

Takva osoba još nije rođena.

We've done the research, and we have looked

Istražili smo i provjerili

at the 100 iconic companies of the world --

u 100 najvećih tvrtki na svijetu –

Carnegie, Westinghouse, Edison, Ford,

Carnegie, Westinghouse, Edison, Ford,

all the new companies, Google, Yahoo.

sve nove tvrtke, Google, Yahoo.

There's only one thing that all the successful companies

Postoji samo jedna stvar koju sve uspješne tvrtke

in the world have in common, only one:

na svijetu imaju zajedničko, samo jedno:

None were started by one person.

Nijednu nije započela samo jedna osoba.

Now we teach entrepreneurship to 16-year-olds

Sada 16-godišnjake poučavamo poduzetništvu

in Northumberland, and we start the class

u Northumberlandu i počinjemo satove

by giving them the first two pages of Richard Branson's autobiography,

tako što im dajemo prve dvije stranice autobiografije Richarda Bransona,

and the task of the 16-year-olds is to underline,

a zadatak tih 16-godišnjaka jest da podcrtaju

in the first two pages of Richard Branson's autobiography

na te prve dvije stranice autobiografije Richarda Bransona

how many times Richard uses the word "I"

koliko puta Richard koristi riječ „ja“,

and how many times he uses the word "we."

a koliko puta riječ „mi“.

Never the word "I," and the word "we" 32 times.

Nijednom riječ „ja“, a riječ „mi“ 32 puta.

He wasn't alone when he started.

Kad je počinjao, nije bio sam.

Nobody started a company alone. No one.

Nitko nije sam osnovao tvrtku. Nitko.

So we can create the community

Dakle, možemo stvoriti zajednicu

where we have facilitators who come from a small business background

u kojoj imamo podupirače koji imaju iskustvo iz malih tvrtki

sitting in cafes, in bars, and your dedicated buddies

i sjede u kafićima i vaše odane prijatelje

who will do to you, what somebody did for this gentleman

koji će za vas učiniti nešto poput onoga što je netko učinio za ovog gospodina

who talks about this epic,

koji priča o ovoj temi,

somebody who will say to you, "What do you need?

netko tko će vam reći, „Što trebaš?

What can you do? Can you make it?

Što možeš proizvesti? Možeš li uspjeti?

Okay, can you sell it? Can you look after the money?"

U redu, možeš li prodati? Možeš li paziti na novac?“

"Oh, no, I cannot do this.""Would you like me to find you somebody?"

„O ne, ne mogu to.“ „Bi li htio da ti nađem nekoga?“

We activate communities.

Mi aktiviramo zajednice.

We have groups of volunteers supporting the Enterprise Facilitator

Imamo grupe volontera koji podržavaju Potporu poslovanju

to help you to find resources and people

kako bi vam pomogli pronaći sredstva i ljude.

and we have discovered that the miracle

Otkrili smo da je čudo

of the intelligence of local people is such

inteligencije lokalnog stanovništva takvo

that you can change the culture and the economy

da možete promijeniti kulturu i ekonomiju

of this community just by capturing the passion,

te zajednice ako samo uhvatite strast,

the energy and imagination of your own people.

energiju i maštu svojih ljudi.

Thank you. (Applause)

Hvala. (Pljesak)