A civil response to violence (with English subtitles) | Emiliano Salinas

Translator: Carolina Montero Reviewer: Sebastian Betti

Prevodilac: Miloš Mladenović Lektor: Ivana Korom

My name is Emiliano Salinas

Zovem se Emiliano Salinas

and I'm going to talk about the role

i govoriću o ulozi

koju mi članovi društva igramo

we members of society play

in the violent atmosphere

u atmosferi nasilja

this country is living in right now.

u kojoj ova zemlja sada živi.

I was born in 1976.

Rođen sam 1976.

I grew up in a traditional Mexican family.

Odrastao sam u tradicionalnoj meksičkoj porodici.

As a child, I had a pretty normal life:

Kao dete, vodio sam prilično normalan život:

I would go to school, play with my friends and cousins.

išao sam u školu, igrao se sa drugovima i rođacima.

But then my father became President of Mexico

A onda je moj otac posao predsednik Meksika

and my life changed.

i moj se život promenio.

What I'm about to say,

Ono što ću sad reći

at least some of what I'm about to say,

ili u svakom slučaju deo onoga što ću reći,

will cause controversy.

će biti kontraverzno.

Firstly, because I'm the one who's going to say it.

Prvo, zato što sam ja taj koji to govori.

And secondly, because what I'm going to say is true,

A drugo, zato što je ono što ću reći istina

and it will make a lot of people nervous

koja će uznemiriti mnoge ljude

because it's something we don't want to hear.

zato što je to nešto što mi ne želimo da čujemo.

But it's imperative that we listen

Ali najvažnije je da slušamo

because it's undeniable and definitive.

zato što je to što ću reći neosporno i konačno.

It will also make members of

Ja ću takođe uznemiriti

criminal organizations nervous

članove kriminalnih organizacija

for the same reasons.

iz istih razloga.

I'm going to talk about the role

Govoriću o ulozi koju

we members of society play

mi, članovi društva, igramo

in this phenomenon,

u ovoj pojavi

and about four different response levels

i o četiri različita nivoa reakcije

we citizens have against violence.

koje mi građani imamo protiv nasilja.

I know many will find it difficult to separate the fact

Znam da će mnogima biti teško da odvoje činjenicu

that I'm Carlos Salinas de Gortari's son

da sam ja sin Karlosa Salinasa de Gortarija

from the fact that I'm a citizen

od činjenice da sam ja građanin

concerned about the country's current situation.

koji je zabrinut zbog trenutne situacije u zemlji.

Don't worry.

Nemojte da brinete.

It's not necessary for understanding

To nije važno da bi se razumeo

the importance of what I'm going to say.

značaj ovoga što ću reći.

I think we have a problem in Mexico.

Ja mislim da mi imamo problem u Meksiku.

We have a big problem.

Veliki problem.

I think there's consensus on this.

Mislim da oko toga postoji konsenzus.

No one argues --

Niko to ne negira -

we all agree there's a problem.

mi se svi slažemo da postoji problem.

What we don't agree on

Ono oko čega se ne slažemo

is what the problem actually is.

je šta je zapravo taj problem.

Is it the Zetas? The drug traffickers? The government?

Da li su to Zapatiste? Da li šverceri droge? Vlast?

Corruption? Poverty? Or is it something else?

Korupcija? Siromaštvo? Ili nešto drugo?

I think none of these is the problem.

Ja mislim da ništa od ovoga što sam naveo ne predstavlja problem.

I don't mean they don't deserve attention.

Ne mislim pri tom da te stvari ne zaslužuju našu pažnju.

But we won't be able to take care of any of those things

Međutim, mi nećemo moći da učinimo ništa

if we don't solve the real problem

ukoliko prvo ne rešimo osnovni problem

we have in Mexico first.

The real problem we have is

koji mi u Meksiku imamo.

most of us Mexicans, we believe we are victims

Naš osnovni problem je

to što većina nas meksikanaca veruje da smo mi žrtve

of our circumstances.

naših okolnosti.

We are a country of victims.

Mi smo zemlja žrtava.

Historically, we've always acted as victims

Istorijski, mi smo se uvek ponašali kao žrtve

of something or somebody.

nečega ili nekoga.

We were victims of the Spaniards.

Mi smo bili žrtve Španaca.

Then we were victims of the French.

Potom smo bili žrtve Francuza.

Then we were victims of Don Porfirio.

Onda žrtve Don Porfiria.

Then we were victims of the PRI.

Pa onda žrtve PRI-a (Institucionalna Revolucionarna Partija Meksika).

Even of Salinas.

Čak i žrtve Salinasa.

And of El Peje.

I El Pejine.

And now of the Zetas and the traffickers and the criminals and the kidnappers ...

A sada žrtve Zapatista, švercera, kriminalaca i otmičara...

Hold on! Wait a minute!

Stoj! Sačekaj jedan trenutak!

What if none of these things is the problem?

A šta ako nijedna od ovih stvari nije probelm?

The problem is not the things we feel victims of.

Problem nisu stvari kojih smo mi žrtve u našim glavama.

The problem is that we play the role of victims.

Glavni problem je to što mi stalno igramo ulogu žrtve.

We need to open our eyes and see that we are not victims.

Treba da otvorimo oči i uvidimo da mi nismo žrtve.

If only we stopped feeling like victims,

Samo ako bismo uspeli da prestanemo da se osećamo kao žrtve,

if we stopped acting as victims,

i da se ponašamo kao žrtve,

our country would change so much!

naša zemlja bi se duboko promenila!

I'm going to talk about how to go from a society

Ja ću govoriti o načinu na koji treba ići od društva

that acts as a victim of circumstances

koje se ponaša kao žrtva okolnosti

to a responsible, involved society

do odgovornog, angažovanog društva

that takes the future of its country in its own hands.

koje samo odlučuje o svojoj budućnosti.

I'm going to talk about four different levels

Govoriću o četiri različita nivoa

of civil response against violence,

građanskog suprotstavljanja nasilju,

from weakest

od najslabijeg

to strongest.

do najjačeg.

The first level, the weakest level of civil response against violence,

Prvi, najslabiji nivo građanskog suprotsavljanja nasilju

is denial and apathy.

su poricanje i apatija.

Today, much of Mexican society is in denial

Danas, veliki deo meksičkog društva odbija da prihvati

of the situation we're going through.

realnost situacije u kojoj smo.

We want to go on with our daily life

Mi želimo da nastavimo naš svakodnevni život

even though we are not living under normal circumstances.

iako ne živimo pod svakodnevnim okolnostima.

Daily life in our country is,

Stanje svakodnevnog života u našoj zemlji je

to say the least,

u najmanju ruku,

under extraordinary, exceptional circumstances.

vanredno i izuzetno.

It's like someone who has a serious illness

To je kao kad se neko ko ima ozbiljnu bolest

and pretends it's the flu

ponaša kao da je to samo grip

and it will just go away.

i da će jednostavno proći.

We want to pretend that Mexico has the flu.

Mi se ponašamo kao da Meksiko ima grip.

But it doesn't.

Samo što to nije grip.

Mexico has cancer.

Meksiko ima rak.

And if we don't do something about it,

I ako ništa ne preduzmemo,

the cancer will end up killing it.

rak će ubiti Meksiko.

We need to move Mexican society

Mi moramo da promenimo meksičko društvo

from denial and apathy

od stanja samoobmane i apatije

to the next level of citizen response,

do sledećeg nivoa građanske reakcije,

which is, effectively, recognition.

a to je, zapravo, spoznaja realnosti.

And that recognition will sow fear --

Ta spoznaja će prouzrokovati strah -

recognizing the seriousness of the situation.

strah pred ozbiljnošću situacije.

But, fear is better than apathy

Ali strah je bolji od apatije

because fear makes us do something.

jer nas strah tera na akciju.

Many people in Mexico

Mnogi ljudi u Meksiku

are afraid today.

su danas uplašeni.

We're very afraid.

Jako smo uplašeni.

And we're acting out of that fear.

I mi reagujemo iz tog straha.

And let me tell you what the problem is

Dozvolite da vam kažem u čemu je problem

with acting out of fear --

sa reagovanjem iz straha -

and this is the second level of civil response:

i ovo je drugi nivo građanske reakcije:

fear.

strah.

Let's think about Mexican streets:

Hajde da govorimo o ulicama u Meksiku:

they're unsafe because of violence,

one su opasne zbog nasilja,

so people stay at home.

pa stoga ljudi ostaju u kućama.

Does that make streets more or less safe?

Da li to čini ulice bezbednijima?

Less safe!

Manje bezbednim!

So streets become more desolate and unsafe,

I tako ulice vremenom postaju sve pustije i sve opasnije,

so we stay home more --

which makes streets even more desolate and unsafe,

te stoga mi ostajemo u kućama još više -

što ulice čini još napuštenijim i opasnijim,

and we stay home even more.

This vicious circle ends up with the whole population

te mi sedimo u kućama još više.

Začarani krug se završi tako što je kompletna populacija

stuck inside their houses, scared to death --

zatvorena u svoje kuće, na smrt preplašena -

even more afraid than when we were out on the streets.

čak i više uplašena nego kad smo još išli ulicama.

We need to confront this fear.

Mi moramo da se suprotstavimo ovom strahu.

We need to move Mexican society,

Moramo da pokrenemo meksičko društvo,

the members of society who are at this level,

članove društva koji su na ovom nivou reakcije,

to the next level, which is action.

na sledeći nivo, a to je akcija.

We need to face our fears and take back our streets,

Mi moramo da se suočimo sa svojim strahovima i preuzmemo natrag naše

our cities, our neighborhoods.

ulice, naše gradove, naše komšiluke.

For many people, acting involves courage.

Za mnoge ljude, 'akcija' podrazumeva bes.

We go from fear to courage.

Mi često idemo od straha do besa.

They say, "I can't take it anymore.

Kaže se: "Ja više ne mogu ovo da trpim.

Let's do something about it."

Hajde da uradimo nešto povodom toga."

Recently --

U poslednje vreme -

this is a sensitive figure --

i ovo je osetljv podatak -

35 public lynchings have been recorded

35 javnih linčovanja je dokumentovano

so far in 2010

samo u 2010. godini do sada

in Mexico.

u Meksiku.

Usually it's one or two a year.

Obično, desi se jedno do dva godišnje.

Now we're experiencing one every week.

Sada, jedno se desi svake nedelje.

This shows that society is desperate

Ovo pokazuje da je društvo u očajanju

and it's taking the law into its own hands.

i da je počelo da uzima zakon u svoje ruke.

Unfortunately, violent action --

Nažalost, nasilna akcija -

though action is better than no action --

iako je bilo kakva akcija bolja nego nikakva -

but taking part in it

učestvovanje u nasilju

only disguises violence.

samo prikriva originalno nasilje.

If I'm violent with you

Ja sam nasilan u odnosu na tebe,

and you respond with violence,

te ti odgovoriš nasiljem,

you become part of the violence

i tako ti postaneš deo nasilja

and you just disguise my violence.

koje za rezultat ima da ti samo zataškaš moje nasilništvo.

So civil action

Stoga, građanska reakcija

is vital,

je od vitalnog značaja,

but it's also vital to take people

ali je takođe od vitalnog značaja da ljude

who are at the level of courage

koji su na nivou besne

and violent action

i nasilničke reakcije

to the next level,

dovedemo do sledećeg nivoa,

which is non-violent action.

a to je nenasilna reakcija.

It's pacific, coordinated civil action,

To je pacifistička, koordinisana građanska akcija,

which doesn't mean passive action.

što ne znači i pasivna akcija.

It means it's determined and effective,

To znači da je akcija odlučna i efektivna,

but not violent.

ali ne i nasilna.

There are examples of this kind of action in Mexico.

Postoje primeri ovakve akcije u Meksiku.

Two years ago, in Galena City, Chihuahua,

Pre dve godine u gradu Galeani, u provinciji Čivava

a member of the community was kidnapped,

član zajednice je bio otet,

Eric Le Barón.

Erik le Baron.

His brothers, Benjamín and Julián,

Njegova braća, Bendžamin i Hulian,

got together with the rest of the community

su se sastali sa ostatkom zajednice

to think of the best course of action:

da razmatraju najbolji odgovor:

to pay the ransom,

da li da plate ucenu,

to take up arms and go after the kidnappers

ili da uzmu oružje i krenu na kidnapere

or to ask the government for help.

ili da traže pomoć od vlasti.

In the end, Benjamín and Julián decided

Na kraju, Bendžamin i Hulian su odlučili

the best thing they could do

da najbolja stvar koju mogu da učine

was to organize the community and act together.

je da organizuju zajednicu za zajedničku reakciju.

So what did they do?

I šta su oni uradili?

They mobilized the whole community of Le Barón

Mobilisali su celu zajednicu Le Baron

to go to Chihuahua,

da ide u Čivavu,

where they organized a sit-in

gde su organizovali protestno sedenje

in the central park of the city.

u gradskom centralnom parku.

They sent a message to the kidnappers:

Poslali su i poruku kidnaperima:

"If you want your ransom come and get it.

"Ukoliko želite da vam platimo otkup, dođite ovde da ga uzmete.

We'll be waiting for you right here."

Mi ćemo vas čekati ovde."

They stayed there.

I oni su ostali tamo.

Seven days later, Eric was set free

Nedelju dana kasnije, Erik je bio oslobođen

and was able to return home.

i vratio se kući.

This is an example of what an organized society can do,

Ovo je primer šta organizovano društvo može da postigne,

a society that acts.

društvo koje aktivno reaguje.

Of course, criminals can respond.

Naravno, kriminalci mogu da se osvete.

And in this case, they did.

I u ovom slučaju, oni su to i uradili.

On July 7th, 2009,

Sedmog jula 2009. godine,

Benjamín Le Barón was murdered.

Bendžamin Le Baron je ubijen.

But Julián Le Barón keeps working

Ali Hulian Le Baron nastavlja da radi

and he has been mobilizing communities in Chihuahua

mobilišući zajednice širom Čivave

for over a year.

već više od godinu dana.

And for over a year he has known that a price has been put on his head.

I više od godinu dana on zna da je stavljena cena na njegovu glavu.

But he keeps fighting.

Ali on nastavlja da se bori.

He keeps organizing.

Nastavlja da organizuje.

He keeps mobilizing.

Nastavlja da mobiliše.

These heroic acts are present all over the country.

Ovakvih herojskih primera ima u celoj zemlji.

With a thousand Juliáns working together,

Sa hiljadama Huliana koji rade zajedno,

Mexico would be a very different country.

Meksiko bi bio veoma drugačija zemlja.

And they're out there!

Oni postoje!

They just have to raise their hands.

Sve što treba, je da podignu svoje glave.

I was born in Mexico, I grew up in Mexico

Ja sam rođen u Meksiku, odrastao u Meksiku

and along the way, I learned to love Mexico.

i vremenom, naučio sam da volim Meksiko.

I think anyone who has stepped foot on this land --

Mislim da svako ko je zakoračio u ovu zemlju -

not to mention all Mexican people --

a celu Meksičku naciju i da ne pominjem -

will agree that it's not difficult

bi se složio da nije teško

to love Mexico.

voleti Meksiko.

I've traveled a lot

Ja sam dosta putovao

and nowhere else have I found the passion Mexicans have.

i nigde nisam naišao na strast kakvu Meksikanci imaju.

That devotion we feel

Ta odanost koju mi osećamo

for the national football team.

prema našoj nacionalnoj fudbalskoj reprezentaciji.

That devotion we show

Ta odanost koju pokazujemo

in helping victims of disasters,

kad pomažemo žrtvama prirodnih katastrofa,

such as the earthquake in 1985

kao što je bio zemljotres 1985.

or this year's floods.

ili ovogodišnje poplave.

The passion with which we've been singing the national anthem

Strast sa kojom pevamo državnu himnu

since we were kids.

još od detinjstva.

When we thought Masiosare

Kad smo mislili da je Masiosare

was the strange enemy,

čudan neprijatelj

and we sang, with a childlike heart,

i pevali, s čistotom deteta,

"a soldier in each son."

"vojnik u svakom sinu."

I think the biggest insult,

Mislim da je najveća uvreda,

the worst way you can offend a Mexican

najgori način da uvrediš Meksikanca

is to insult their mother.

taj da uverdiš njegovu majku.

A mother is the most sacred thing in life.

Majka je najsvetija stvar u životu.

Mexico is our mother and today she cries out for her children.

Meksiko je naša majka i danas ona zove svoju decu u pomoć.

We are going through the darkest moment

Mi prolazimo kroz najmračniji period

in our recent history.

u našoj nedavnoj istoriji.

Our mother, Mexico, is being violated before our very eyes.

Našu majku, Meksiko, siluju na naše oči.

What are we going to do?

Šta ćemo da uradimo?

Masiosare, the strange enemy, is here.

Masiosare, čudan neprijatelj, je ovde.

Where is the soldier in each son?

A gde je vojnik u svakom sinu?

Mahatma Gandhi,

Mahatma Gandi,

one of the greatest civil fighters of all time, said,

jedan od najvećih boraca za građanska prava svih veremena, kaže:

"Be the change you wish to see in the world."

"Budi sam ta promena koju želiš da vidiš u svetu."

Today in Mexico we're asking for Gandhis.

Danas u Meksiku mi tražimo Gandije.

We need Gandhis.

Nama trebaju Gandiji.

We need men and women who love Mexico

Nama trebaju muškarci i žene koji vole Meksiko

and who are willing to take action.

i koji su spremni da krenu u akciju.

This is a call for every true Mexican

Ovo je poziv svakom pravom Meksikancu

to join this initiative.

da se pridruži ovoj inicijativi.

This is a call

Ovo je poziv

so that every single thing we love about Mexico --

da svaka stvar koju volimo u Meksiku -

the festivals, the markets,

festivali i pijace,

the restaurants, the cantinas,

restorani i kantine,

the tequila, the mariachis, the serenades,

tekila, tamburaši i serenade,

the posadas, El Grito, the Day of the Dead,

posadas, El Grito, Dan Mrtvih,

San Miguel, the joy, the passion for life,

San Miguel, radost, strast za život,

the fight and everything it means to be Mexican --

borba i sve drugo što čini Meksikance -

doesn't disappear from this world.

ne nestane sa ovog sveta.

We're facing a very powerful opponent.

Naš protivnik je veoma moćan.

But we are many more.

Ali nas je mnogo više.

They can take a man's life.

Oni mogu da uzmu ljudski život.

Anyone can kill me,

Bilo ko može da me ubije,

or you, or you.

ti ili ti.

But no one can kill

Ali niko ne može da ubije

the spirit of true Mexicans.

duh pravih Meksikanaca.

The battle is won,

Bitka je dobijena,

but we still have to fight it.

ali mi moramo da je bijemo.

2000 years ago, the Roman poet Juvenal

Pre 2000 godina, rimski pesnik Juvenal

said something that today echoes

je rekao nešto što danas odzvanja

in the heart of every true Mexican.

u srcu svakog pravog Meksikanca.

He said, "Count it the greatest sin

On kaže: "Ubroj u najgore grehe

to prefer life to honor,

jaču želju za životom nego za čašću,

and for the sake of living

jer se tako zarad života

to lose what makes life worth living."

gubi sve što život čini vrednim živeti."

Thank you.

Hvala na pažnji.

(Applause)

Aplauz.