A civil response to violence (with English subtitles) | Emiliano Salinas

Translator: Carolina Montero Reviewer: Sebastian Betti

Translator: Tobias Hansen Reviewer: Anders Hjortshøj

My name is Emiliano Salinas

Mit navn er Emiliano Salinas

and I'm going to talk about the role

og jeg vil snakke om rollen,

we members of society play

os medlemmer af samfundet spiller

in the violent atmosphere

i den voldelige stemning,

this country is living in right now.

det her land oplever lige nu.

I was born in 1976.

Jeg er født i 1976.

I grew up in a traditional Mexican family.

Jeg voksede op i en traditionel mexicansk familie

As a child, I had a pretty normal life:

Som barn havde jeg et forholdsvis almindeligt liv:

I would go to school, play with my friends and cousins.

Jeg gik i skole, legede med venner og med mine fætre.

But then my father became President of Mexico

Men så blev min far Mexicos præsident

and my life changed.

og mit liv ændrede sig.

What I'm about to say,

Hvad jeg skal til at sige,

at least some of what I'm about to say,

eller noget af det jeg skal til at sige,

will cause controversy.

vil blive kontroversielt.

Firstly, because I'm the one who's going to say it.

For det første, fordi det er mig, der siger det

And secondly, because what I'm going to say is true,

og for det andet, fordi det er sandt,

and it will make a lot of people nervous

og det vil gøre mange folk nervøse

because it's something we don't want to hear.

fordi det er noget, vi ikke har lyst til at høre.

But it's imperative that we listen

Men det er nødvendigt, at vi lytter

because it's undeniable and definitive.

fordi det er endegyldigt og definitivt.

It will also make members of

Det vil også gøre medlemmer af

criminal organizations nervous

kriminelle organisationer nervøse

for the same reasons.

af de samme grunde.

I'm going to talk about the role

Jeg skal til at snakke om rollen

we members of society play

vi medlemmer af samfundet spiller

in this phenomenon,

i dette fænomen,

and about four different response levels

og om fire forskellige responsniveauer

we citizens have against violence.

vi indbyggere har imod vold.

I know many will find it difficult to separate the fact

Jeg ved mange vil finde det svært at skelne fra det faktum,

that I'm Carlos Salinas de Gortari's son

at jeg er Carlos Salinas de Gortaris søn,

from the fact that I'm a citizen

og det, at jeg er en indbygger

concerned about the country's current situation.

der bekymrer sig om landets situation.

Don't worry.

Tag det roligt.

It's not necessary for understanding

Det er ikke nødvendigt for at forstå

the importance of what I'm going to say.

vigtigheden i det, jeg skal til at sige.

I think we have a problem in Mexico.

Jeg synes vi har et problem i Mexico.

We have a big problem.

Vi har et stort problem.

I think there's consensus on this.

Jeg tror der er enighed omkring det.

No one argues --

Ingen skændes om det --

we all agree there's a problem.

vi er alle enige i, at der er et problem.

What we don't agree on

Hvad vi ikke er enige i

is what the problem actually is.

er hvad problemet egentlig er.

Is it the Zetas? The drug traffickers? The government?

Er det Zetas? Er det narkobaronerne? Regeringen?

Corruption? Poverty? Or is it something else?

Korruptionen? Fattigdommen? Eller noget andet?

I think none of these is the problem.

Jeg tror ikke, at nogen af disse er problemet.

I don't mean they don't deserve attention.

Jeg mener ikke, at de ikke fortjener opmærksomhed.

But we won't be able to take care of any of those things

Men vi vil ikke kunne tage os af disse ting

if we don't solve the real problem

hvis vi ikke først løser det rigtige problem

we have in Mexico first.

vi har i Mexico.

The real problem we have is

Det rigtige problem, vi har, er,

most of us Mexicans, we believe we are victims

at de fleste af os mexicanere, tror på,

of our circumstances.

at vi er vores omstændigheders ofre.

We are a country of victims.

Vi er et land af ofre.

Historically, we've always acted as victims

Historisk set, har vi altid opført os som ofre

of something or somebody.

af noget eller nogen.

We were victims of the Spaniards.

Vi var spaniernes ofre.

Then we were victims of the French.

Så var vi franskmændenes ofre.

Then we were victims of Don Porfirio.

Så var vi Don Porfirios ofre.

Then we were victims of the PRI.

Så var vi PRI's ofre.

Even of Salinas.

Selv af Salinas.

And of El Peje.

Og af El Peje.

And now of the Zetas and the traffickers and the criminals and the kidnappers ...

Og nu af Zetas og narkobaronerne og de kriminelle og kidnapperne ...

Hold on! Wait a minute!

Hey, hey! Vent nu lige!

What if none of these things is the problem?

Hvad hvis ingen af disse var problemet?

The problem is not the things we feel victims of.

Problemet er ikke nogen af tingene, vi føler os som ofre af.

The problem is that we play the role of victims.

Problemet er, at vi spiller rollen som offeret.

We need to open our eyes and see that we are not victims.

Vi er nødt til at indse, at vi er ikke offeret.

If only we stopped feeling like victims,

Hvis bare vi ikke havde offermentaliteten,

if we stopped acting as victims,

hvis vi holdt op med at opføre os sådan,

our country would change so much!

ville vores land ændre sig grandiøst.

I'm going to talk about how to go from a society

Jeg vil snakke om, hvordan vi går fra

that acts as a victim of circumstances

at opføre os som vores omstændigheders offer

to a responsible, involved society

til et ansvarligt, involveret samfund

that takes the future of its country in its own hands.

der tager sit lands fremtid i egne hænder.

I'm going to talk about four different levels

Jeg vil snakke om 4 niveauer af

of civil response against violence,

civil reaktion mod vold,

from weakest

fra den svageste

to strongest.

til den stærkeste.

The first level, the weakest level of civil response against violence,

Det første niveau, den svageste form for civil modstand,

is denial and apathy.

er benægtelse og apati.

Today, much of Mexican society is in denial

I dag er meget af det mexicanske samfund i benægtelse

of the situation we're going through.

af den situation vi går igennem.

We want to go on with our daily life

Vi vil videre med vores daglige liv

even though we are not living under normal circumstances.

selv om vi ikke lever under normale omstændigheder.

Daily life in our country is,

Dagligdagen i vores land er,

to say the least,

for at sige det mildt,

under extraordinary, exceptional circumstances.

under exceptionelle omstændigheder.

It's like someone who has a serious illness

Det er som en mand med en fatal sygdom

and pretends it's the flu

der lader som om han er forkølet,

and it will just go away.

som om det bare forsvinder.

We want to pretend that Mexico has the flu.

Vi vil helst tro på, at Mexico er forkølet.

But it doesn't.

Men det er det ikke.

Mexico has cancer.

Mexico har kræft.

And if we don't do something about it,

Og hvis vi ikke gør noget ved det,

the cancer will end up killing it.

vil kræften slå det ihjel.

We need to move Mexican society

Vi må flytte det mexicanske samfund

from denial and apathy

fra benægtelse og apati

to the next level of citizen response,

til det næste niveau af civil modstand,

which is, effectively, recognition.

nemlig anderkendelse.

And that recognition will sow fear --

Og den anderkendelse vil så frygt.

recognizing the seriousness of the situation.

En anderkendelse af situationens alvor.

But, fear is better than apathy

Men frygt er bedre end apati.

because fear makes us do something.

fordi frygt får os til at gøre noget.

Many people in Mexico

En stor andel af borgerne i Mexico

are afraid today.

er bange i dag.

We're very afraid.

Vi er meget bange.

And we're acting out of that fear.

Og vi handler ud fra frygt.

And let me tell you what the problem is

Og lad mig forklare hvad problemet

with acting out of fear --

med at handle ud fra frygt er

and this is the second level of civil response:

-- og det er den civile modstands andet niveau:

fear.

frygt.

Let's think about Mexican streets:

Tænk på mexicanske gader:

they're unsafe because of violence,

De er usikre på grund af vold,

so people stay at home.

så folk bliver hjemme.

Does that make streets more or less safe?

Gør det gaderne mere eller mindre sikre?

Less safe!

mindre sikre!

So streets become more desolate and unsafe,

Så gaderne bliver øde og usikre,

so we stay home more --

Vi bliver endnu mere hjemme --

which makes streets even more desolate and unsafe,

Hvilket gør gaderne endnu mere øde og usikre,

and we stay home even more.

og vi bliver endnu mere hjemme.

This vicious circle ends up with the whole population

Denne onde cirkel opsluger hele befolkningen

stuck inside their houses, scared to death --

fanget i deres hjem, skræmt ud af deres skind --

even more afraid than when we were out on the streets.

mere skræmt end de var ude på gaden.

We need to confront this fear.

Vi bliver nødt til at konfrontere denne frygt.

We need to move Mexican society,

Vi bliver nød til at flytte, mexicansk samfund,

the members of society who are at this level,

samfundets borgere som er ved dette niveau,

to the next level, which is action.

til det næste, som er handling.

We need to face our fears and take back our streets,

Vi må se frygten i øjnene og få vores gader tilbage,

our cities, our neighborhoods.

vores byer, vores nabolag.

For many people, acting involves courage.

For mange betyder handling vrede.

We go from fear to courage.

Vi går fra frygt til vrede.

They say, "I can't take it anymore.

De siger "Jeg kan ikke tage det mere,

Let's do something about it."

lad os gøre noget."

Recently --

For nyligt -

this is a sensitive figure --

Dette er en følsom statistik -

35 public lynchings have been recorded

35 offentlige udhængninger er blevet talt

so far in 2010

indtil videre i 2010

in Mexico.

i Mexico.

Usually it's one or two a year.

Normalt er det en eller to om året.

Now we're experiencing one every week.

Nu er det en om ugen.

This shows that society is desperate

Det viser at samfundet er desperat.

and it's taking the law into its own hands.

og det tager loven i egen hånd.

Unfortunately, violent action --

Uheldigvis, voldelig handlig --

though action is better than no action --

Handling er dog bedre end ingen handling --

but taking part in it

men at tage del i det

only disguises violence.

gemmer kun volden.

If I'm violent with you

Hvis jeg er voldelig mod dig

and you respond with violence,

og du reagerer med vold,

you become part of the violence

bliver du en del af volden

and you just disguise my violence.

og så skjuler du bare min vold.

So civil action

Så civil handling

is vital,

er livsnødvendig.

but it's also vital to take people

Men det er også vigtigt at tage folk

who are at the level of courage

som er ved vrede

and violent action

og voldelige handlinger

to the next level,

til næste niveau,

which is non-violent action.

hvilket er ikke-voldelig handling

It's pacific, coordinated civil action,

det er pacifistisk, koordineret civil handling,

which doesn't mean passive action.

hvilket ikke betyder passiv handling.

It means it's determined and effective,

det betyder beslutsomt og effektivt,

but not violent.

men ikke voldeligt.

There are examples of this kind of action in Mexico.

Der er eksempler på den slags i Mexico.

Two years ago, in Galena City, Chihuahua,

For to år siden, i Galena City, Chihuahua,

a member of the community was kidnapped,

blev en af byens borgere, Eric Le Barón,

Eric Le Barón.

kidnappet.

His brothers, Benjamín and Julián,

Hans brødre, Benjamín og Julián.

got together with the rest of the community

fandt sammen med resten af samfundet

to think of the best course of action:

for at finde den bedste handling:

to pay the ransom,

at betale løsesummen,

to take up arms and go after the kidnappers

at samle våben og gå efter kidnapperne

or to ask the government for help.

eller at spørge regeringen om hjælp.

In the end, Benjamín and Julián decided

til slut, besluttede Benjamín og Julián sig for,

the best thing they could do

at det bedste de kunne gøre

was to organize the community and act together.

var at organisere lokalsamfundet og handle sammen.

So what did they do?

Så hvad gjorde de?

They mobilized the whole community of Le Barón

De mobiliserede hele Le Baróns samfund,

to go to Chihuahua,

tog til Chihuahua,

where they organized a sit-in

hvor de organiserede en sit-In

in the central park of the city.

I parken midt i byen.

They sent a message to the kidnappers:

De sendte en besked til kidnapperne:

"If you want your ransom come and get it.

"Hvis i vil have jeres løsesum, så kom og hent den.

We'll be waiting for you right here."

Vi venter på jer lige her."

They stayed there.

De blev der.

Seven days later, Eric was set free

Syv dage senere blev Eric sat fri.

and was able to return home.

og kunne vende hjem.

This is an example of what an organized society can do,

Dette er et eksempel på hvad et organiseret samfund kan gøre,

a society that acts.

et samfund der handler.

Of course, criminals can respond.

Selvfølgelig kan kriminelle svare igen.

And in this case, they did.

I dette tilfælde, gjorde de.

On July 7th, 2009,

Den 7. juli, 2009.

Benjamín Le Barón was murdered.

Blev Benjamín Le Barón myrdet.

But Julián Le Barón keeps working

Men Julián Le Barón arbejder videre

and he has been mobilizing communities in Chihuahua

og han har mobiliseret samfund i Chihuahua

for over a year.

i over et år nu.

And for over a year he has known that a price has been put on his head.

Og i over et år, har han vidst at der er en pris på hans hoved.

But he keeps fighting.

Men han kæmper videre.

He keeps organizing.

Han bliver ved med at organisere.

He keeps mobilizing.

Han bliver ved med at mobilisere.

These heroic acts are present all over the country.

Disse heroiske handlinger findes over alt i landet.

With a thousand Juliáns working together,

Med tusinde Julián'er, der arbejder sammen,

Mexico would be a very different country.

ville Mexico være et meget anderledes land.

And they're out there!

Og de er derude!

They just have to raise their hands.

De skal bare løfte hånden i vejret.

I was born in Mexico, I grew up in Mexico

Jeg er født i Mexico, jeg voksede op i Mexico

and along the way, I learned to love Mexico.

og hen ad vejen lærte jeg at elske Mexico.

I think anyone who has stepped foot on this land --

Jeg tror at alle, som har sat fod i dette land --

not to mention all Mexican people --

for ikke at snakke om alle Mexicanere --

will agree that it's not difficult

vil være enig i, at det ikke er svært

to love Mexico.

at elske Mexico.

I've traveled a lot

Jeg har rejst meget

and nowhere else have I found the passion Mexicans have.

og ingen steder har jeg mødt den passion mexicanere har.

That devotion we feel

Den hengivenhed vi føler

for the national football team.

for det nationale fodboldhold.

That devotion we show

Den hengivenhed vi viser

in helping victims of disasters,

når vi hjælper ofre for katastrofer,

such as the earthquake in 1985

som jordskælvet i 1985

or this year's floods.

eller oversvømmelserne i år.

The passion with which we've been singing the national anthem

Den passion, når vi synger vores nationalsang

since we were kids.

siden vi var børn.

When we thought Masiosare

Da vi troede Masiosare

was the strange enemy,

var den fremmede fjende.

and we sang, with a childlike heart,

da vi sang, med barnesjæl,

"a soldier in each son."

"en soldat i hver søn."

I think the biggest insult,

Jeg tror den største fornærmelse,

the worst way you can offend a Mexican

den værste måde, du kan støde en mexicaner på,

is to insult their mother.

er at fornærme deres mor.

A mother is the most sacred thing in life.

En mor er det helligste i livet.

Mexico is our mother and today she cries out for her children.

Mexico er vores mor, og i dag græder hun ud til sine børn.

We are going through the darkest moment

Vi går igennem den mørkeste tid

in our recent history.

i vores nyere historie.

Our mother, Mexico, is being violated before our very eyes.

Vores mor, Mexico, bliver skamferet foran vores egne øjne.

What are we going to do?

Hvad har vi tænkt os at gøre?

Masiosare, the strange enemy, is here.

Masiosare, den fremmede fjende, er her.

Where is the soldier in each son?

Hvor er soldaten i hver søn?

Mahatma Gandhi,

Mahatma Gandhi,

one of the greatest civil fighters of all time, said,

en af de største civile forkæmpere gennem tiderne, sagde,

"Be the change you wish to see in the world."

"Vær den forandring du ønsker at se i verden."

Today in Mexico we're asking for Gandhis.

I dag søger Mexico Gandhier.

We need Gandhis.

Vi har brug for Gandhier.

We need men and women who love Mexico

Vi har brug for mænd og kvinder der elsker Mexico

and who are willing to take action.

og som er villige til at handle.

This is a call for every true Mexican

Dette er et kald til hver ægte mexicaner

to join this initiative.

til at deltage i initiativet.

This is a call

Dette er et kald

so that every single thing we love about Mexico --

så at alt, hvad vi elsker ved Mexico --

the festivals, the markets,

festivallerne, markederne,

the restaurants, the cantinas,

restaurenterne, kantinaerne,

the tequila, the mariachis, the serenades,

tequilaen, mariachierne, serenaderne,

the posadas, El Grito, the Day of the Dead,

Posadas, El grito, Día de los Muertos,

San Miguel, the joy, the passion for life,

San Miguel, glæden, passionen for livet,

the fight and everything it means to be Mexican --

kampen og alt hvad det indebærer at være mexicaner --

doesn't disappear from this world.

ikke forsvinder fra denne verden.

We're facing a very powerful opponent.

Vi står mod en magtfuld fjende.

But we are many more.

Men vi er mange flere.

They can take a man's life.

De kan tage en mands liv.

Anyone can kill me,

Enhver kan slå mig ihjel,

or you, or you.

eller dig, eller dig.

But no one can kill

Men ingen kan dræbe

the spirit of true Mexicans.

ånden i den sande mexicaner.

The battle is won,

Kampen er vundet,

but we still have to fight it.

men vi skal stadig kæmpe den.

2000 years ago, the Roman poet Juvenal

for 2000 år siden, sagde den romerske Juvenal

said something that today echoes

noget, der stadig giver genlyd i dag

in the heart of every true Mexican.

i hvert hjerte af hver sande mexicaner.

He said, "Count it the greatest sin

Han sagde, "Kald det den største synd

to prefer life to honor,

at vælge livet fremfor ære,

and for the sake of living

og for overlevelsens sag

to lose what makes life worth living."

at miste alt hvad der gør livet det værd."

Thank you.

Tak.

(Applause)

(Bifald)