An ultra-low-cost college degree | Shai Reshef

Prevodilac: Mile Živković Lektor: Dejan Vicai

Želeo bih da podelim sa vama

I would like to share with you a new model of higher education,

novi model visokog obrazovanja,

a model that, once expanded,

model koji će, kada se proširi

can enhance the collective intelligence

moći da poboljša kolektivno znanje

of millions of creative and motivated individuals

miliona kreativnih i motivisanih pojedinaca

koji bi inače bili zapostavljeni.

that otherwise would be left behind.

Pogledajte svet.

Look at the world.

Odaberite mesto i usredsredite se na njega.

Pick a place and focus on it.

You will find humans chasing higher education.

Videćete ljude koji jure za visokim obrazovanjem.

Hajde da upoznamo neke od njih.

Let's meet some of them.

Patrik.

Patrick.

Patrick was born in Liberia to a family of 20 children.

Patrik je rođen u Liberiji

u porodici sa dvadesetoro dece.

Tokom građanskog rata, on i njegova porodica su bili primorani

During the civil war,

he and his family were forced to flee to Nigeria.

da pobegnu u Nigeriju.

There, in spite of his situation,

Uprkos svojoj situaciji,

he graduated high school with nearly perfect grades.

tamo je završio srednju školu sa skoro savršenim ocenama.

He wanted to continue to higher education,

Želeo je da nastavi do visokog obrazovanja,

but due to his family living on the poverty line,

ali pošto je njegova porodica

živela na granici siromaštva,

he was soon sent to South Africa

ubrzo su ga poslali u Južnu Afriku

da radi i šalje novac

to work and send back money to feed his family.

da prehrani svoju porodicu.

Patrick never gave up his dream of higher education.

Patrik nikada nije odustao od svog sna o visokom obrazovanju.

Late at night, after work,

Kasno u noć, nakon posla,

he surfed the net, looking for ways to study.

pretraživao je internet i tražio načine da uči.

Meet Debbie.

Upoznajte Debi.

Debi je iz Floride.

Debbie is from Florida.

Her parents didn't go to college, and neither did any of her siblings.

Njeni roditelji nisu išli na fakultet,

kao ni njena braća i sestre.

Debbie has worked all her life,

Debi je radila ceo život,

pays taxes, supports herself month to month,

plaća porez, izdržava se iz meseca u mesec,

proud of the American dream,

ponosna je na američki san,

a dream that just won't be complete without higher education.

san koji jednostavno neće biti potpun

bez visokog obrazovanja.

But Debbie doesn't have the savings for higher education.

Ali Debi nema ušteđevinu

za visoko obrazovanje.

She can't pay the tuition.

Ne može da plaća školarinu.

Neither could she leave work.

A ne može ni da napusti posao.

Upoznajte Vaela.

Meet Wael.

Wael is from Syria.

Vael je iz Sirije.

He's experiencing firsthand

Lično doživljava

the misery, fear and failure imposed on his country.

patnju, strah i propast

koji su nametnuti njegovoj zemlji.

He's a big believer in education.

Žestoki je vernik u obrazovanje.

He knew that if he could find an opportunity for higher education,

Znao je da kada bi pronašao priliku

za visoko obrazovanje,

an opportunity to get ahead of the rest,

priliku da se izdigne iznad drugih,

da bi imao bolju priliku za opstanak

he has a better chance to survive in a world turned upside down.

u svetu okrenutom naglavačke.

The higher education system

Sistem visokog obrazovanja

failed Patrick, Debbie and Wael,

izdao je Patrika, Debi i Vaela,

exactly as it is failing millions of potential students --

isto kao što izdaje

milione potencijalnih studenata,

millions that graduate high school,

milione koji završe samo srednju školu,

millions that are qualified for higher education,

milione koji su kvalifikovani za visoko obrazovanje,

millions that want to study yet cannot access it for various reasons.

milione koji žele da uče

ali nemaju pristup iz raznih razloga.

First: financial.

Prvo, finansijski.

Universities are expensive; we all know it.

Univerziteti su skupi. Svi to znamo.

In large parts of the world,

U velikom delu sveta,

higher education is unattainable for an average citizen.

visoko obrazovanje je nedostižno

za prosečnog građanina.

This is probably the biggest problem facing our society.

Ovo je verovatno najveći problem

sa kojim se suočava naše društvo.

Higher education stopped being a right for all

Visoko obrazovanje je prestalo da bude svačije pravo

and became a privilege for the few.

i postalo je privilegija nekolicine.

Second: cultural.

Druga stvar je kulturalna.

Učenici koji su kvalifikovani za visoko obrazovanje,

Students who are qualified for higher education

can afford -- want to study -- cannot,

koji žele da uče i mogu to da priušte,

because it is not decent, it is not a place for a woman.

ne mogu to rade jer to nije pristojno,

to nije mesto za ženu.

Ovo je priča nebrojenih žena,

This is the story of countless women in Africa, for example,

na primer u Africi,

prevented from higher education because of cultural barriers.

gde im je sprečeno da se obrazuju

zbog kulturalnih prepreka.

And here comes the third reason:

Evo trećeg razloga:

UNESCO stated that in 2025,

Unesko je izjavio da će 2025.

100 million students will be deprived of higher education,

100 miliona studenata

biti lišeno visokog obrazovanja

simply because there will not be enough seats to accommodate them,

jednostavno jer neće biti dovoljno mesta

da ih primi, da zadovolji potražnju.

to meet the demand.

They will take a placement test, they will pass it,

Polagaće prijemni ispit,

položiće ga,

but they still won't have access, because there are no places available.

ali opet neće imati pristup

jer neće biti slobodnih mesta.

These are the reasons I founded University of the People,

Ovo su razlozi

zašto sam osnovao Univerzitet ljudi,

neprofitni univerzitet bez školarine

a nonprofit, tuition-free, degree-granting university

koji daje diplome,

kako bih pružio alternativu,

to give an alternative,

to create an alternative, to those who have no other;

onima koji drugu nemaju,

an alternative that will be affordable and scalable,

alternativu koja će biti pristupačna

i skalabilna,

an alternative that will disrupt the current education system,

alternativu koja će poremetiti

trenutni sistem školstva,

and open the gates to higher education for every qualified student

otvoriti vrata visokog obrazovanja

svakom kvalifikovanom učeniku

regardless of what they earn, where they live,

bez obzira na njihove prihode, mesto boravka

or what society says about them.

ili šta društvo kaže o njima.

Patrick, Debbie and Wael

Patrik, Debi i Vael

are only three examples out of the 1,700 accepted students

su samo tri primera

od 1700 prihvaćenih učenika

from 143 countries.

iz 143 države.

Mi - (Aplauz) - Hvala vam.

(Applause)

Thank you.

(Applause)

We didn't need to reinvent the wheel.

Nismo morali da ponovo izmislimo točak.

We just looked at what wasn't working

Samo smo pogledali šta ne funkcioniše

and used the amazing power of the Internet

i iskoristili neverovatnu moć interneta

to get around it.

da to zaobiđemo.

We set out to build a model

Krenuli smo da napravimo model

that will cut down almost entirely the cost of higher education.

koji bi skoro sasvim sasekao

troškove visokog obrazovanja

And that's how we did it.

i tako smo to uradili.

First, bricks and mortar cost money.

Prvo, cigle i malter koštaju.

Univerziteti imaju troškove

Universities have expenses that virtual universities don't.

koje virtuelni univerziteti nemaju.

We don't need to pass these expenses on to our students.

Ne moramo da prosleđujemo

ove troškove našim studentima.

Oni ne postoje.

They don't exist.

We also don't need to worry about capacity.

Takođe ne moramo da brinemo o kapacitetu.

There are no limits of seats in virtual university.

Nema ograničenja sedišta

na virtuelnom univerzitetu.

Actually, nobody needs to stand at the back of the lecture hall.

Zapravo niko ne mora da stoji

u pozadini učionice.

Textbooks are also something our students don't need to buy.

Naši studenti takođe ne moraju

da kupuju udžbenike.

By using open educational resources

Koristeći otvorene obrazovne resurse

and the generosity of professors

i darežljivost profesora

who are putting their material up free and accessible,

koji svoje materijale čine

slobodnim i dostupnim,

we don't need to send our students to buy textbooks.

ne moramo da šaljemo svoje studente da kupuju udžbenike.

All of our materials come free.

Svi naši materijali su besplatni.

Even professors,

Čak i profesori,

the most expensive line in any university balance sheet,

najskuplja stvar na bilansu svakog fakulteta,

come free to our students.

za naše studente su besplatni,

Over 3,000 of them,

njih preko 3000,

including presidents, vice chancellors, professors and academic advisers

uključujući predsednike, zamenike kancelara,

profesore i akademske savetnike

from top universities such as NYU, Yale, Berkeley and Oxford,

sa vrhunskih univerziteta poput Univerziteta u Njujorku,

Jejlu, Berkliju i Oksfordu,

came on board to help our students.

pridružili su se da pomognu našim studentima.

Finally, is our belief in peer-to-peer learning.

Konačno, tu je naše verovanje u umreženo učenje.

We use this sound pedagogical model

Koristimo ovaj logičan pedagoški model

to encourage our students from all over the world

da ohrabrimo svoje učenike iz celog sveta

to interact and study together,

da komuniciraju i uče zajedno

and also to reduce the time our professors need

i smanje vreme

koje je našim profesorima potrebno za zadatke.

to labor over class assignments.

Ako je internet od nas napravio globalno selo,

If the Internet has made us a global village,

this model can develop its future leadership.

ovaj model može da razvije njegovo buduće vođstvo.

Look how we do it.

Pogledajte kako mi to radimo.

We only offer two programs:

Nudimo samo dva programa:

business administration and computer science,

poslovna administracija i informatika,

the two programs most in demand worldwide,

dva programa

koja se najviše traže u svetu,

the two programs that are likeliest to help our students find a job.

dva programa uz koje će naši studenti

najverovatnije naći posao.

When our students are accepted,

Kada su naši studenti primljeni,

they are placed in a small classroom of 20 to 30 students,

smeštamo ih u malu učionicu

sa 20 do 30 učenika kako bi se postarali

to ensure that those who need personalized attention get it.

da oni kojima je potrebna posebna pažnja nju i dobiju.

Moreover, for every nine-week course, they meet a new peer,

Štaviše, za svaki kurs od devet nedelja,

upoznaju novog kolegu,

a whole new set of students from all over the world.

čitavu grupu novih učenika

iz celog sveta.

Every week, when they go into the classroom,

Svake nedelje, kada uđu u učionicu,

they find the lecture notes of the week,

pronaći će beleške za tu nedelju,

the reading assignment, the homework assignment,

zadatak za čitanje, domaći zadatak

and the discussion question, which is the core of our studies.

i pitanje za diskusiju,

što je srž naših studija.

Every week, every student must contribute to the class discussion,

Svake nedelje, svaki student

mora da doprinese diskusiji u učionici

and also must comment on the contribution of others.

i mora da ostavi komentar

na doprinos drugih.

This way, we open our students' minds,

Na ovaj način otvaramo umove naših studenata,

we develop a positive shift in attitude toward different cultures.

razvijamo pozitivnu promenu stava

ka različitim kulturama.

By the end of each week, the students take a quiz,

Do kraja svake nedelje,

studenti polažu test,

hand in their homework,

predaju svoj domaći,

which are assessed by their peers under the supervision of the instructors,

koji pregledaju nijhove kolege

pod nadzorom instruktora,

get a grade, move to the next week.

dobijaju ocenu i prelaze na sledeću nedelju.

By the end of the course, they take the final exam,

Do kraja kursa, polažu finalni ispit,

get a grade, and follow to the next course.

dobijaju ocenu i nastavljaju s drugim kursem.

We open the gates for higher education for every qualified student.

Otvorili smo vrata visokog obrazovanja

za svakog kvalifikovanog studenta.

Every student with a high school diploma,

Svaki učenik sa diplomom srednje škole,

sufficient English and Internet connection

zadovoljavajućim engleskim i internet konekcijom

can study with us.

može da uči kod nas.

We don't use audio, we don't use video.

Ne koristimo video ili zvučne zapise.

Broadband is not necessary.

Nije potreban internet velike brzine.

Any student from any part of the world with any Internet connection

Svaki student iz bilo kog kraja sveta

sa bilo kojom internet konekcijom

can study with us.

može da uči kod nas.

We are tuition free.

Kod nas nema školarine.

Od naših studenata samo tražimo

All we ask our students to cover is the cost of their exams,

da plate troškove svojih ispita,

100 dollars per exam.

100 dolara po ispitu.

A full-time bachelor's degree student taking 40 courses

Student osnovnih studija sa punim fondom

koji ide na 40 kurseva

will pay 1,000 dollars a year,

platiće 1000 dolara godišnje,

4,000 dollars for the entire degree.

4000 dolara za celu diplomu,

And for those who cannot afford even this,

a za one koji ne mogu da priušte ni ovo,

we offer them a variety of scholarships.

nudimo im niz stipendija.

It is our mission that nobody will be left behind

Naša je misija da niko ne ostane zapostavljen

for financial reasons.

iz finansijskih razloga.

With 5,000 students in 2016, this model is financially sustainable.

Sa 5000 studenata u 2016,

ovaj model je finansijski održiv.

Five years ago, it was a vision.

Pre pet godina, to je bila vizija.

Today, it is a reality.

Danas, to je stvarnost.

Last month, we got the ultimate academic endorsement to our model.

Prošlog meseca, dobili smo najbolju

akademsku potvrdu za svoj model.

University of the People is now fully accredited.

Univerzitet ljudi je sada potpuno akreditovan.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Hvala vam.

Thank you.

(Applause)

With this accreditation, it's our time now to scale up.

Sa ovom akreditacijom,

sada je naše vreme da krenemo naviše.

We have demonstrated that our model works.

Prikazali smo da ovaj model funkcioniše.

Pozivam univerzitete, i što je bitnije,

I invite universities and, even more important,

developing countries' governments,

vlade zemalja u razvoju,

da ponove ovaj model,

to replicate this model

da se postaraju da se vrata visokog obrazovanja

to ensure that the gates of higher education will open widely.

široko otvore.

A new era is coming --

Dolazi novo doba,

an era that will witness the disruption of the higher education model

doba gde će se videti

remećenje modela visokog obrazovanja

as we know it today,

kakav postoji danas,

from being a privilege for the few

od privilegije nekolicine

to becoming a basic right, affordable and accessible for all.

do osnovnog prava,

pristupačnog i dostupnog svima.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)