Jonathan Klein: Photos that changed the world

Translator: Klavdija Cernilogar Reviewer: Matej Divjak

In my industry,

V moji dejavnosti

we believe that images can change the world.

verjamemo, da lahko podobe spremenijo svet.

Okay, we're naive, we're bright-eyed and bushy-tailed.

Prav, naivni smo, pozorni in pripravljeni na vse.

The truth is that we know that the

V resnici vemo, da

images themselves don't change the world,

podobe kot take ne spreminjajo sveta,

but we're also aware that, since the beginning of photography,

zavedamo pa se, da od začetka fotografije

images have provoked reactions in people,

podobe v ljudeh izzivajo reakcije,

and those reactions have caused change to happen.

ki nato sprožajo spremembe.

So let's begin with a group of images.

Začnimo s skupino podob.

I'd be extremely surprised

Zelo bi bil presenečen,

if you didn't recognize many or most of them.

če ne bi prepoznali večine od njih.

They're best described as iconic:

Najlažje jih opišemo kot ikone,

so iconic, perhaps, they're cliches.

tako velike, da so morda že postale klišeji.

In fact, they're so well-known

V bistvu so tako znane,

that you might even recognize them

da bi jih morda prepoznali

in a slightly or somewhat different form.

celo v rahlo drugačni obliki.

(Laughter)

(smeh)

But I think we're looking for something more.

A mislim, da iščemo nekaj več.

We're looking for something more.

Iščemo nekaj več.

We're looking for images that shine

Iščemo podobe, ki brezkompromisno

an uncompromising light on crucial issues,

osvetljujejo bistvena vprašanja,

images that transcend borders, that transcend religions,

podobe, ki presegajo meje in verstva,

images that provoke us

podobe, ki nas razvnamejo,

to step up and do something --

da nekaj naredimo,

in other words, to act.

z drugimi besedami, da se odzovemo.

Well, this image you've all seen.

No, tole podobo ste videli vsi.

It changed our view of the physical world.

Spremenila je naš pogled na fizični svet.

We had never seen our planet from this perspective before.

Nikoli prej nismo videli svojega planeta iz te perspektive.

Many people credit

Veliko ljudi temu pogledu na planet

a lot of the birth of the environmental movement

pripisuje precejšnji del razvoja okoljevarstvenega gibanja,

to our seeing the planet like this

prvič smo namreč planet

for the first time --

videli na tak način,

its smallness, its fragility.

v njegovi majhnosti, krhkosti.

Forty years later, this group, more than most,

Štirideset let kasneje se ta skupina, bolj kot večina ljudi,

are well aware of the destructive power

zaveda uničujoče moči

that our species can wield over our environment.

naše vrste nad našim okoljem.

And at last, we appear to be doing something about it.

In končno se zdi, da na to nekako reagiramo.

This destructive power takes many different forms.

Ta uničujoča moč pride v različnih oblikah.

For example, these images taken by Brent Stirton

Te slike, na primer, ki jih je Brent Stirton

in the Congo.

posnel v Kongu,

These gorillas were murdered, some would even say crucified,

te gorile so umorili, lahko bi celo rekli križali

and unsurprisingly,

in ni presenetljivo,

they sparked international outrage.

da so povzročile mednarodno ogorčenje.

Most recently,

Nedavno

we've been tragically reminded of the destructive power of nature itself

nas je na uničujočo moč narave same

with the recent earthquake in Haiti.

spomnil potres na Haitiju.

Well, I think what is far worse

Mislim pa, da je veliko hujša

is man's destructive power over man.

uničujoča moč človeka nad človekom.

Samuel Pisar, an Auschwitz survivor, said,

Samuel Pisar, preživeli iz Auschwitza, je dejal,

and I'll quote him,

citiram:

"The Holocaust teaches us that nature,

"Holokavst nas uči, da je narava,

even in its cruelest moments,

celo v svojih najbolj krutih trenutkih,

is benign in comparison with man,

nenevarna v primerjavi s človekom,

when he loses his moral compass and his reason."

ko ta izgubi svoj moralni kompas in svoj razum."

There's another kind of crucifixion.

Še ena vrsta križanja je.

The horrifying images from Abu Ghraib

Grozljive podobe iz Abu Ghraiba

as well as the images from Guantanamo

kot tudi tiste iz Guantanama

had a profound impact.

so pustile globok pečat.

The publication of those images,

Objava teh slik,

as opposed to the images themselves,

v nasprotju s slikami samimi,

caused a government to change its policies.

je sprožila spremembo vladne politike.

Some would argue that it is those images

Nekateri bodo trdili, da so te podobe

that did more to fuel the insurgency in Iraq

bolj spodbudile upor v Iraku

than virtually any other single act.

kot katerokoli drugo dejanje.

Furthermore, those images forever removed

Poleg tega so te podobe za vedno odpravile

the so-called moral high ground of the occupying forces.

t.i. moralno večvrednost okupacijskih sil.

Let's go back a little.

Vrnimo se malo nazaj.

In the 1960s and 1970s,

V šestdesetih in sedemdesetih letih

the Vietnam War was basically shown

je bila vojna v Vietnamu tako rekoč

in America's living rooms day in, day out.

dan in noč prisotna v ameriških dnevnih sobah.

News photos brought people face to face

Novičarske fotografije so ljudem prinesle podobe

with the victims of the war: a little girl burned by napalm,

žrtev vojne, deklice, ki jo je zažgal napalm,

a student killed by the National Guard

študenta, ki ga je ubila Nacionalna Garda

at Kent State University in Ohio during a protest.

med protestom na univerzi Kent State v Ohiu.

In fact, these images became

Pravzaprav so te podobe postale

the voices of protest themselves.

glas protesta samega.

Now, images have power

Podobe imajo moč

to shed light of understanding

osvetliti in ponuditi razumevanje

on suspicion, ignorance,

namesto dvoma, neznanja

and in particular -- I've given a lot of talks on this

in posebej - o tem sem že velikokrat govoril,

but I'll just show one image --

a pokazal bom samo eno sliko -

the issue of HIV/AIDS.

o virusu HIV/aidsu.

In the 1980s, the stigmatization of people with the disease

V osemdesetih letih je bila stigmatizacija bolnikov s to boleznijo

was an enormous barrier

ogromna ovira

to even discussing or addressing it.

razpravi o bolezni ali njeni obravnavi.

A simple act, in 1987, of the most famous woman in the world,

Enostavno dejanje iz leta 1987, ene najbolj znanih žensk na svetu,

the Princess of Wales, touching

velške princese, ki se je dotaknila

an HIV/AIDS infected baby

dojenčka, okuženega s HIV/Aidsom,

did a great deal, especially in Europe, to stop that.

je pomembno prispevalo k odstranitvi te ovire, posebej v Evropi.

She, better than most, knew the power of an image.

Ona je bolje od večine drugih poznala moč podobe.

So when we are confronted by a powerful image,

Ko smo torej postavljeni pred močno podobo,

we all have a choice:

imamo izbiro.

We can look away, or we can address the image.

Lahko pogledamo stran ali se z njo soočimo.

Thankfully, when these photos appeared in

Hvalabogu, ko so se te fotografije

The Guardian in 1998,

leta 1998 pojavile v Guardianu,

they put a lot of focus and attention and, in the end, a lot of money

so pozornost in tudi veliko denarja

towards the Sudan famine relief efforts.

usmerile k odpravljanju lakote v Sudanu.

Did the images change the world?

So podobe spremenile svet?

No, but they had a major impact.

Ne, so pa imele velik vpliv.

Images often push us to question our core beliefs

Podobe nas pogosto izzovejo, da preizprašamo svoja temeljna prepričanja

and our responsibilities to each other.

in svojo odgovornost do drug drugega.

We all saw those images after Katrina,

Vsi smo videli te podobe po hurikanu Katrina

and I think for millions of people

in mislim, da so na milijone ljudi

they had a very strong impact.

imele zelo močan vpliv;

And I think it's very unlikely

mislim, da ni zelo verjetno,

that they were far from the minds of Americans

da so bile daleč od misli Američanov,

when they went to vote in November 2008.

ko so šli novembra 2008 na volišča.

Unfortunately, some very important images

Na žalost so nekatere zelo pomembne podobe

are deemed too graphic or disturbing for us to see them.

ocenjene kot preveč nazorne ali moteče, da bi jih videli.

I'll show you one photo here,

Pokazal vam bom eno,

and it's a photo by Eugene Richards of an Iraq War veteran

to je fotografija iraškega vojnega veterana, ki jo je posnel Eugene Richards

from an extraordinary piece of work,

iz izjemnega dela z naslovom "Vojna je osebna",

which has never been published, called War Is Personal.

ki ni bilo nikoli objavljeno.

But images don't need to be graphic

Vendar ni treba, da so podobe nazorne,

in order to remind us of the tragedy of war.

da bi nas spomnile na tragedijo vojne.

John Moore set up this photo at Arlington Cemetery.

John Moore je tole posnel na pokopališču Arlington.

After all the tense moments of conflict

Po vseh napetih trenutkih konflikta

in all the conflict zones of the world,

na vseh konfliktnih območjih po svetu

there's one photograph from a much quieter place

je to fotografija iz mnogo tišjega prostora,

that haunts me still, much more than the others.

ki me še vedno preganja, veliko bolj kot druge.

Ansel Adams said, and I'm going to disagree with him,

Ne strinjam se z Anselom Adamsom, ki je dejal:

"You don't take a photograph, you make it."

"Fotografije ne posnameš, ampak jo narediš."

In my view, it's not the photographer who makes the photo,

Po moje ni fotograf tisti, ki naredi fotografijo,

it's you.

vi ste.

We bring to each image

V vsako podobo

our own values, our own belief systems,

vnesemo svoje vrednote, svoj sistem prepričanj,

and as a result of that, the image resonates with us.

in zaradi tega čutimo povezavo z njo.

My company has 70 million images.

Moje podjetje ima 70 milijonov podob.

I have one image in my office.

V svoji pisarni imam eno samo.

Here it is.

Tole.

I hope that the next time you see

Upam, da boste naslednjič,

an image that sparks something in you,

ko boste videli podobo, ki v vas nekaj sproži,

you'll better understand why,

bolje razumeli, zakaj,

and I know that speaking to this audience,

in vem, da občinstvo, kakršno ste,

you'll definitely do something about it.

boste nanjo zagotovo reagirali.

And thank you to all the photographers.

In hvala vsem fotografom.

(Applause)

(aplavz)