Jonathan Klein: Photos that changed the world

104,867 views ใƒป 2010-04-13

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Tomer Mozes-Sadeh ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:15
In my industry,
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ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื™
00:17
we believe that images can change the world.
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ืื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื
00:20
Okay, we're naive, we're bright-eyed and bushy-tailed.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืชืžื™ืžื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช.
00:23
The truth is that we know that the
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ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืชืžื•ื ื•ืช
00:25
images themselves don't change the world,
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ืœื‘ื“ืŸ ืœื ืžืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื,
00:27
but we're also aware that, since the beginning of photography,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ื’ื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื›ืš, ืฉื”ื—ืœ ืžืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฆื™ืœื•ื,
00:30
images have provoked reactions in people,
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ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืขื•ืจืจื• ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืื ืฉื™ื,
00:33
and those reactions have caused change to happen.
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ื•ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื• ื’ืจืžื• ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื.
00:36
So let's begin with a group of images.
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ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช.
00:39
I'd be extremely surprised
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ืื ื™ ืื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืคืชืข ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
00:41
if you didn't recognize many or most of them.
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ืื ืœื ืชื–ื”ื• ืืช ืจื•ื‘ืŸ.
00:44
They're best described as iconic:
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืื•ืชืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืกืžืœื™ื,
00:46
so iconic, perhaps, they're cliches.
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ื”ืŸ ื›ื” ืกืžืœื™ื•ืช ืขื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืงืœื™ืฉืื•ืช.
00:49
In fact, they're so well-known
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืŸ ื›ื” ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช
00:51
that you might even recognize them
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ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉื”ืŸ
00:53
in a slightly or somewhat different form.
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ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืงืฆืช ืื—ืจืช.
00:57
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:00
But I think we're looking for something more.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื ื•ืกืฃ.
01:02
We're looking for something more.
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ืื ื• ืื›ืŸ ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื ื•ืกืฃ.
01:04
We're looking for images that shine
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ืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืื—ืจ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืื™ืจื•ืช
01:06
an uncompromising light on crucial issues,
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ื‘ืื•ืจ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชืคืฉืจ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืจื™-ื’ื•ืจืœ,
01:09
images that transcend borders, that transcend religions,
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ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ืชื•ืช,
01:12
images that provoke us
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ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื•
01:14
to step up and do something --
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ืœืฆืืช ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืขืฉื”
01:16
in other words, to act.
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ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืœืคืขื•ืœ.
01:18
Well, this image you've all seen.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช, ืฉื›ื•ืœื›ื ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืจืื™ืชื.
01:21
It changed our view of the physical world.
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ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื ืชื” ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉืœื ื• ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
01:23
We had never seen our planet from this perspective before.
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ืœืคื ื™ื”, ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ื–ืืช.
01:26
Many people credit
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื•ืงืคื™ื ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ื–ืืช
01:28
a lot of the birth of the environmental movement
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืงืจื“ื™ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช
01:30
to our seeing the planet like this
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ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื›ื”,
01:32
for the first time --
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”,
01:34
its smallness, its fragility.
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ืงื˜ืŸ, ืฉื‘ื™ืจ.
01:37
Forty years later, this group, more than most,
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40 ืฉื ื” ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืงื”ืœ ื”ื–ื”, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื—ืจื™ื
01:40
are well aware of the destructive power
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ืžื•ื“ืข ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืœื›ื•ื— ื”ื”ืจืกื ื™
01:42
that our species can wield over our environment.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืžื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
01:45
And at last, we appear to be doing something about it.
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ื•ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ, ื ืจืื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืš.
01:49
This destructive power takes many different forms.
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ื›ื•ื— ื”ืจืกื ื™ ื–ื” ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
01:52
For example, these images taken by Brent Stirton
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉืฆื•ืœืžื” ืข"ื™ ื‘ืจื ื˜ ืกื˜ื™ืจื˜ื•ืŸ
01:55
in the Congo.
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ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ื•,
01:57
These gorillas were murdered, some would even say crucified,
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ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื ืจืฆื—ื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ืืฃ ื ืฆืœื‘ื•,
02:00
and unsurprisingly,
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ืžืคืชื™ืข,
02:02
they sparked international outrage.
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ื”ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ืชื• ื–ืขื ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™.
02:04
Most recently,
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ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”,
02:06
we've been tragically reminded of the destructive power of nature itself
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ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช ืœื›ื•ื— ื”ื”ืจืก ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ืข
02:09
with the recent earthquake in Haiti.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื” ืจืขื™ื“ืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ื‘ื”ืื™ื˜ื™.
02:12
Well, I think what is far worse
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื›ื•ื—ื• ื”ื”ืจืกื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื
02:15
is man's destructive power over man.
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ื’ืจื•ืข ืžื›ืš ืœืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ.
02:17
Samuel Pisar, an Auschwitz survivor, said,
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ืกืžื•ืืœ ืคื™ื–ืจ, ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฅ ืืžืจ,
02:20
and I'll quote him,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืฆื˜ื˜ ืื•ืชื•,
02:22
"The Holocaust teaches us that nature,
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"ื”ืฉื•ืื” ืžืœืžื“ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉืื™ืชื ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข,
02:24
even in its cruelest moments,
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉืขืชื ื”ืื›ื–ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
02:27
is benign in comparison with man,
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ืžื—ื•ื•ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืื“ื,
02:30
when he loses his moral compass and his reason."
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืกืจ ื•ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•."
02:33
There's another kind of crucifixion.
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ื”ื ื” ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ืฆืœื™ื‘ื”.
02:36
The horrifying images from Abu Ghraib
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ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœื ืื‘ื•-ืข'ืจื‘
02:38
as well as the images from Guantanamo
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ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืื ื˜ื ืžื•
02:40
had a profound impact.
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ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืžืจื—ื™ืงืช ืœื›ืช.
02:42
The publication of those images,
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ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืœ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื•,
02:44
as opposed to the images themselves,
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ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžืŸ,
02:46
caused a government to change its policies.
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ื’ืจื ืœืžืžืฉืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื•.
02:49
Some would argue that it is those images
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ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืืžืจื• ื›ื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืขืฉื• ื™ื•ืชืจ
02:51
that did more to fuel the insurgency in Iraq
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืจืืง
02:54
than virtually any other single act.
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ืžืืฉืจ ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืื—ืจืช.
02:56
Furthermore, those images forever removed
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ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืงืขืงืขื• ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืฉื”
02:59
the so-called moral high ground of the occupying forces.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
03:02
Let's go back a little.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžืขื˜ ืื—ื•ืจื”.
03:04
In the 1960s and 1970s,
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ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”- 60 ื•ื”- 70,
03:06
the Vietnam War was basically shown
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ืžืœื—ืžืช ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื ืื ื”ื•ืฆื’ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”
03:08
in America's living rooms day in, day out.
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ื‘ืกืœื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืžืฆืืช ื”ื—ืžื” ืขื“ ืฆืืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื”.
03:10
News photos brought people face to face
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ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื
03:13
with the victims of the war: a little girl burned by napalm,
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ืืช ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ื ื’ื™ืขื”, ื™ืœื“ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉื ืฉืจืคื” ืžืคืฆืฆื•ืช ื–ืจื—ืŸ,
03:17
a student killed by the National Guard
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ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ืฉื ื”ืจื’ ืข"ื™ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™
03:19
at Kent State University in Ohio during a protest.
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ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ืงื ื˜ ื‘ืื•ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืคื’ื ื”.
03:22
In fact, these images became
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืคื›ื•
03:24
the voices of protest themselves.
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ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืื” ื‘ืขืฆืžืŸ.
03:26
Now, images have power
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืœืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื›ื•ื—
03:28
to shed light of understanding
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ืœื”ืื™ืจ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื”
03:30
on suspicion, ignorance,
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ื—ืฉื“ื•ืช, ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช,
03:32
and in particular -- I've given a lot of talks on this
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ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ - ื”ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื–ื”
03:34
but I'll just show one image --
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืืจืื” ืจืง ืชืžื•ื ื” ืื—ืช -
03:37
the issue of HIV/AIDS.
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ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก.
03:40
In the 1980s, the stigmatization of people with the disease
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ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-80 ื”ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื” ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื”
03:43
was an enormous barrier
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ื”ื™ื•ื•ืชื” ืžื—ืกื•ื ืจื‘ ืขื•ืฆืžื”
03:45
to even discussing or addressing it.
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ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื•.
03:47
A simple act, in 1987, of the most famous woman in the world,
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ืคืขื•ืœื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”, ื‘1987, ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืข"ื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
03:50
the Princess of Wales, touching
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ื”ื ืกื™ื›ื” ืžื•ื•ื™ืœืก, ืฉืฆื•ืœืžื” ื ื•ื’ืขืช
03:52
an HIV/AIDS infected baby
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ื‘ืชื™ื ื•ืงืช ื—ื•ืœืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก,
03:54
did a great deal, especially in Europe, to stop that.
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ืงื™ื“ืžื” ืจื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ืขืจื•ืช ืžื”ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.
03:57
She, better than most, knew the power of an image.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืจื•ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืชืžื•ื ื”.
04:01
So when we are confronted by a powerful image,
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ืื– ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืชืžื•ื ื” ื—ื–ืงื”
04:03
we all have a choice:
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื‘ืจื™ืจื”.
04:05
We can look away, or we can address the image.
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื”ืฆื™ื“ื” ืื• ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœื™ื”.
04:08
Thankfully, when these photos appeared in
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื•
04:10
The Guardian in 1998,
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ื‘ื’ืจื“ื™ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1998,
04:12
they put a lot of focus and attention and, in the end, a lot of money
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ื”ืŸ ื”ืกื™ืชื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื•ืงื•ืก ื•ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘, ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื›ื›ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ ื’ื ื›ืกืฃ,
04:15
towards the Sudan famine relief efforts.
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ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ืžืืžืฅ ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื‘ ื‘ืกื•ื“ืืŸ
04:17
Did the images change the world?
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ื”ืื ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื?
04:19
No, but they had a major impact.
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ืœื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ืŸ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืžื›ืจืขืช.
04:22
Images often push us to question our core beliefs
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ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื“ื•ื—ืคื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
04:24
and our responsibilities to each other.
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ื•ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืœืคื™ ืื—ืจื™ื.
04:27
We all saw those images after Katrina,
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ืงืŸ "ืงื˜ืจื™ื ื”"
04:29
and I think for millions of people
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื,
04:31
they had a very strong impact.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ืŸ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
04:33
And I think it's very unlikely
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ื•ืื ื™ ื’ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืžืื“ ืœื ืกื‘ื™ืจ
04:35
that they were far from the minds of Americans
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ืฉืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ื”ื™ื˜ืฉื˜ืฉื• ื‘ืžื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื
04:37
when they went to vote in November 2008.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื”ืœื›ื• ืœืงืœืคื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2008.
04:41
Unfortunately, some very important images
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ืœืจื•ืข ื”ืžื–ืœ, ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
04:44
are deemed too graphic or disturbing for us to see them.
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื’ืจื•ื˜ืกืงื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžื˜ืœื˜ืœื•ืช ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ืœื ื•.
04:48
I'll show you one photo here,
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ืืจืื” ืœื›ื ืชืžื•ื ื” ืื—ืช,
04:50
and it's a photo by Eugene Richards of an Iraq War veteran
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ื–ืืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื ื™ื•ื’'ื™ืŸ ืจื™ืฆ'ืจื“ืก ืฉื‘ื” ืžืฆื•ืœื ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจ ืžืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื™ืจืืง
04:53
from an extraordinary piece of work,
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ืžืชื•ืš ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ,
04:55
which has never been published, called War Is Personal.
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ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืคื•ืจืกื ื•ื ืงืจื "ืžืœื—ืžื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช."
04:58
But images don't need to be graphic
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ืื‘ืœ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ืจื•ื˜ืกืงื™ื•ืช
05:00
in order to remind us of the tragedy of war.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืคืŸ ื”ื˜ืจื’ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”.
05:02
John Moore set up this photo at Arlington Cemetery.
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ื’'ื•ื”ืŸ ืžื•ืจ ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืจืœื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ.
05:05
After all the tense moments of conflict
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ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืœ ืจื’ืขื™ ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืช,
05:07
in all the conflict zones of the world,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
05:10
there's one photograph from a much quieter place
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ื™ืฉ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืื—ืช ืžืžืงื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืงื˜
05:13
that haunts me still, much more than the others.
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ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื“ืคืช ืื•ืชื™, ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืื—ืจื•ืช.
05:17
Ansel Adams said, and I'm going to disagree with him,
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ืื ืกืœ ืื“ืžืก ืืžืจ ืคืขื, ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœื™ื•,
05:20
"You don't take a photograph, you make it."
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"ืืชื” ืœื ืžืฆืœื ืชืžื•ื ื”, ืืชื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืชืžื•ื ื”."
05:23
In my view, it's not the photographer who makes the photo,
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ืœื“ืขืชื™, ืœื ื”ืฆืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื”,
05:25
it's you.
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ื–ื” ืืชื.
05:27
We bring to each image
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ืื ื• ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืชืžื•ื ื”
05:29
our own values, our own belief systems,
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ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
05:31
and as a result of that, the image resonates with us.
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ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžื”ื“ื”ื“ืช ืœื ื•.
05:34
My company has 70 million images.
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ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ื™ืฉ 70 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช,
05:36
I have one image in my office.
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ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“,
05:39
Here it is.
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ื”ื ื” ื”ื™ื.
05:41
I hope that the next time you see
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืชืจืื•
05:43
an image that sparks something in you,
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ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืžืฆื™ืชื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื›ื,
05:45
you'll better understand why,
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ืชื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžื”,
05:47
and I know that speaking to this audience,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืืชื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืชืขืฉื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืš
05:50
you'll definitely do something about it.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ืคื ื™ ืžื™ ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืคื”.
05:52
And thank you to all the photographers.
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ื•ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืฆืœืžื™ื.
05:54
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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