Kiran Bedi: How I remade one of India's toughest prisons

Translator: Janka Pazurikova Reviewer: Peter Kačina

Now I'm going to give you a story.

Poviem vám príbeh.

It's an Indian story about an Indian woman and her journey.

Je to indický príbeh o indickej žene a jej ceste.

Let me begin with my parents.

Začnem s mojimi rodičmi.

I'm a product of this

Som dielom tejto

visionary mother and father.

idealistickej matky a otca.

Many years ago, when I was born in the '50s --

Narodila som sa v päťdesiatych rokoch.

'50s and '60s

Päťdesiate a 60. roky

didn't belong to girls in India.

nepatrili v Indii dievčatám,

They belonged to boys.

ale chlapcom.

They belonged to boys who would join business

Patrili chlapcom, ktorý sa zapoja do obchodu

and inherit business from parents,

a zdedia biznis po svojich rodičoch.

and girls would be dolled up to get married.

Z dievčat vychovávali bábiky, aby sa dobre vydali.

My family, in my city,

Moja rodina bola v našom meste --

and almost in the country, was unique.

a takmer v celej krajine -- jedinečná.

We were four of us, not one,

Boli sme štyria súrodenci, nielen ja,

and fortunately no boys.

a našťastie žiadny bratia.

We were four girls and no boys.

Boli sme štyri sestry a žiadni chlapci.

And my parents were part

Moji rodičia boli z dobre zabezpečenej rodiny,

of a landed property family.

ktorá vlastní pozemky.

My father defied his own grandfather,

Môj otec vzdoroval svojmu starému otcovi,

almost to the point of disinheritance,

ktorý ho takmer vydedil,

because he decided to educate

pretože sa rozhodol, že všetky jeho dcéry

all four of us.

dostanú vzdelanie.

He sent us to one of the best schools in the city

Poslal nás do jednej z najlepších škôl v meste

and gave us the best education.

a dal nám najlepšie vzdelanie.

As I've said, when we're born, we don't choose our parents,

Ako som povedala, keď sa narodíme, nevyberáme si rodičov.

and when we go to school, we don't choose our school.

A keď ideme do školy, nevyberáme si školu.

Children don't choose a school.

Deti si školu nevyberajú,

They just get the school which parents choose for them.

chodia do tej, ktorú im vybrali rodičia.

So this is the foundation time which I got.

To bolo obdobie, ktoré ma silne formovalo.

I grew up like this, and so did my other three sisters.

Takto som vyrastala a tak vyrastali aj moje tri sestry.

And my father used to say at that time,

Môj otec v tých časoch vravieval,

"I'm going to spread all my four daughters in four corners of the world."

"Moje štyri dcéry budú v štyroch kútoch zeme."

I don't know if he really meant [that], but it happened.

Neviem, či to myslel vážne, ale stalo sa to.

I'm the only one who's left in India.

Ja jediná som zostala v Indii.

One is a British, another is an American

Jedna je Britka, ďalšia Američanka

and the third is a Canadian.

a ďalšia Kanaďanka.

So we are four of us in four corners of the world.

My štyri sme v štyroch kútoch zeme.

And since I said they're my role models,

Rodičia boli mojím vzorom

I followed two things which my father and mother gave me.

a žila som podľa dvoch vecí, ktoré mi povedali.

One, they said, "Life is on an incline.

Prvá, ktorú povedali : "Život je stále v pohybe,

You either go up,

buď ideš nahor

or you come down."

alebo padáš."

And the second thing, which has stayed with me,

A druhá vec, ktorá sa mi vryla do srdca,

which became my philosophy of life,

a ktorá sa stala filozofiou môjho života,

which made all the difference,

ktorá to všetko spôsobila,

is: 100 things happen in your life, good or bad.

je, v živote sa ti stane sto vecí, dobrých aj zlých.

Out of 100, 90 are your creation.

Z tých 100 je 90 tvojím výtvorom.

They're good. They're your creation. Enjoy it.

Sú dobré. Sú tvojím výtvorom. Teš sa z nich.

If they're bad, they're your creation. Learn from it.

Ak sú zlé, sú tvojím výtvorom. Pouč sa z nich.

Ten are nature-sent over which you can't do a thing.

10 je daných prírodou a ty nemôžeš urobiť nič.

It's like a death of a relative,

Je to napríklad smrť príbuzného

or a cyclone, or a hurricane, or an earthquake.

alebo cyklón, alebo hurikán, alebo zemetrasenie.

You can't do a thing about it.

Nemôžeš s tým nič urobiť.

You've got to just respond to the situation.

Musíš len na tú situáciu nejako odpovedať.

But that response comes out of those 90 points.

Ale tá odpoveď vychádza z tých 90 bodov.

Since I'm a product of this philosophy,

Som výsledkom tejto filozofie

of 90/10,

90 na 10,

and secondly, "life on an incline,"

a tiež toho, že život je stále v pohybe,

that's the way I grew up

a takto som vyrastala --

to be valuing what I got.

vážila som si, čo som mala.

I'm a product of opportunities,

Som výsledkom príležitostí,

rare opportunities in the '50s and the '60s,

zriedkavých príležitostí v 50. a 60. rokoch,

which girls didn't get,

ktoré dievčatá nedostávali.

and I was conscious of the fact that what my parents were giving me

A bola som si vedomá toho, že mi rodičia dávali

was something unique.

niečo výnimočné.

Because all of my best school friends were getting dolled up

Pretože všetky moje kamarátky zo školy boli vychovávané ako bábiky,

to get married with a lot of dowry,

aby ich dobre vydali s bohatým venom,

and here I was with a tennis racket and going to school

zatiaľ čo ja som šla do školy s tenisovou raketou

and doing all kinds of extracurricular activities.

a mala som kopu mimoškolských aktivít.

I thought I must tell you this.

Toto som vám musela povedať.

Why I said this, is the background.

Prečo to bolo pre mňa základom.

This is what comes next.

A toto prišlo potom.

I joined the Indian Police Service as a tough woman,

Vstúpila som do Indickej policajnej služby ako tvrdá žena,

a woman with indefatigable stamina,

žena s neporaziteľnou výdržou,

because I used to run for my tennis titles, etc.

ktorú som získala na tenise.

But I joined the Indian Police Service,

Vstúpila som do polície.

and then it was a new pattern of policing.

Vtedy do polície zavádzali nový systém.

For me the policing stood for power to correct,

Pre mňa znamenala polícia moc napravovať,

power to prevent and power to detect.

moc predchádzať a moc zisťovať.

This is something like a new definition ever given in policing in India --

To bolo niečo nové v definícii polície v Indii --

the power to prevent.

moc predchádzať.

Because normally it was always said, power to detect, and that's it,

Pretože obvykle v nej bola len moc zisťovať,

or power to punish.

prípadne ešte moc trestať.

But I decided no, it's a power to prevent,

Ale ja som si povedala nie, je tam aj moc predchádzať,

because that's what I learned when I was growing up.

pretože to som sa naučila, keď som vyrastala:

How do I prevent the 10 and never make it more than 10?

ako môžem predchádzať tým 10 a postarať sa, aby ich nebolo viac ako 10?

So this was how it came into my service,

Toto som vložila do svojej služby

and it was different from the men.

a tým som sa odlišovala od mužov.

I didn't want to make it different from the men, but it was different,

Nechcela som pracovať inak ako muži, ale moja práca bola iná,

because this was the way I was different.

pretože ja som bola iná.

And I redefined policing concepts in India.

Znovu som definovala koncepty polície v Indii.

I'm going to take you on two journeys,

Vezmem vás na dve cesty,

my policing journey and my prison journey.

moju cestu v polícii a moju cestu vo väzení.

What you see, if you see the title

To čo vidíte, je titulok

called "PM's car held."

"Premiérovo auto zadržané."

This was the first time a prime minister of India

Bolo to prvýkrát, keď dostal premiér Indie

was given a parking ticket.

pokutu za parkovanie.

(Laughter)

(Smiech)

That's the first time in India,

Bolo to prvýkrát v Indii

and I can tell you, that's the last time you're hearing about it.

a hovorím vám, je to poslednýkrát, čo o tom počujete.

It'll never happen again in India,

Už sa to nikdy nestane,

because now it was once and forever.

vtedy to bolo prvý a posledný raz.

And the rule was, because I was sensitive,

Musela som to spraviť, pretože som bola síce citlivá,

I was compassionate, I was very sensitive to injustice,

súcitila som s ostatnými, ale bola som veľmi citlivá voči nespravodlivosti,

and I was very pro-justice.

a bola som za spravodlivosť.

That's the reason, as a woman, I joined the Indian Police Service.

To bol dôvod, prečo som ako žena vstúpila do polície.

I had other options, but I didn't choose them.

Mala som aj iné možnosti, ale tie som si nevybrala.

So I'm going to move on.

Budem pokračovať.

This is about tough policing, equal policing.

Táto časť bude o tvrdej polícii a rovnoprávnosti.

Now I was known as "here's a woman that's not going to listen."

Bolo o mne známe, že som žena, ktorá nebude počúvať.

So I was sent to all indiscriminate postings,

A tak ma posielali na všetky miesta,

postings which others would say no.

ktoré ostatní odmietali.

I now went to a prison assignment as a police officer.

Bola som pridelená do väzenia ako policajný dôstojník.

Normally police officers don't want to do prison.

Obyčajne policajní dôstojníci nechcú ísť do väzenia.

They sent me to prison to lock me up,

Poslali ma tam, aby ma tam zahrabali,

thinking, "Now there will be no cars

keďže tam nebudú žiadne autá významných ľudí,

and no VIPs to be given tickets to.

ktorým by som dávala pokuty za parkovanie.

Let's lock her up."

Tak ju tam zašijeme.

Here I got a prison assignment.

Bola som pridelená do väzenia.

This was a prison assignment which was one big den of criminals.

Bol to brloh plný zločincov.

Obviously, it was.

Bolo to zlé.

But 10,000 men,

Bolo tam 10 000 väzňov,

of which only 400 were women -- 10,000 --

z nich len 400 žien -- 10 000 --

9,000 plus about 600

9000 a ešte 600

were men.

bolo mužov,

Terrorists, rapists,

teroristov, násilníkov,

burglars, gangsters --

zlodejov, zločincov --

some of them I'd sent to jail

niektorých z nich som do väzenia poslala ja

as a police officer outside.

ako policajný dôstojník.

And then how did I deal with them?

A takto som sa s nimi vysporiadala.

The first day when I went in,

Keď som tam prvý deň vošla,

I didn't know how to look at them.

nevedela som, ako sa mám na nich pozrieť.

And I said, "Do you pray?" When I looked at the group, I said, "Do you pray?"

Povedala som, "Modlíte sa?" Pozrela som sa na nich a povedala, "Modlíte sa?"

They saw me as a young, short woman wearing a pathan suit.

Videli vo mne mladú, nízku ženu v hnedom obleku.

I said, "Do you pray?"

Povedala som, "Modlíte sa?"

And they didn't say anything.

Oni nepovedali nič.

I said, "Do you pray? Do you want to pray?"

Spýtala som sa, "Modlíte sa? Chcete sa modliť?"

They said, "Yes." I said, "All right, let's pray."

Povedali, "Áno." Povedala som, "Dobre, poďme sa modliť."

I prayed for them, and things started to change.

Modlila som sa za nich a veci sa začali meniť.

This is a visual of education inside the prison.

Tu je zobrazené vzdelávanie vo väzení.

Friends, this has never happened,

Priatelia, takéto niečo sa ešte nestalo,

where everybody in the prison studies.

všetci väzni sa vzdelávali.

I started this with community support.

Začalo to s podporou komunity.

Government had no budget.

Vláda nemala žiadne prostriedky.

It was one of the finest, largest volunteerism

Bola to jedna z najväčších dobrovoľníckych akcií

in any prison in the world.

vo väzení na svete.

This was initiated in Delhi prison.

Spustili sme to vo väzení v Dillí.

You see one sample

Vidíte jeden príklad

of a prisoner teaching a class.

väzňa, ako vyučuje triedu.

These are hundreds of classes.

Sú tam stovky tried.

Nine to eleven, every prisoner went into the education program --

Od deviatej do jedenástej je každý väzeň zapojený do vzdelávacieho programu --

the same den in which they thought

v tom istom väzení, o ktorom si mysleli,

they would put me behind the bar and things would be forgotten.

že ma doňho zavrú a na všetko sa zabudne.

We converted this into an ashram --

Premenila som to na ashram (náboženská pustovňa, pozn.prek.) --

from a prison to an ashram through education.

z väzenia na ashram pomocou vzdelávania.

I think that's the bigger change.

To je veľká zmena.

It was the beginning of a change.

To bol začiatok zmeny.

Teachers were prisoners. Teachers were volunteers.

Učiteľmi boli väzni. Učiteľmi boli dobrovoľníci.

Books came from donated schoolbooks.

Knihy nám darovali školy.

Stationery was donated.

Nábytok bol darovaný.

Everything was donated,

Všetko nám darovali,

because there was no budget of education for the prison.

pretože na vzdelávanie vo väzení sme nemali žiadne prostriedky.

Now if I'd not done that,

Ak by som to neurobila,

it would have been a hellhole.

bolo by tam peklo.

That's the second landmark.

Toto je druhá zmena, ktorú som zaviedla.

I want to show you some moments of history in my journey,

Chcem vám ukázať niektoré chvíle mojej cesty,

which probably you would never ever get to see anywhere in the world.

ktoré pravdepodobne nikde inde neuvidíte.

One, the numbers you'll never get to see.

Po prvé, nikde neuvidíte tieto čísla.

Secondly, this concept.

A po druhé, ani tento koncept.

This was a meditation program inside the prison

Toto je meditačný program vnútri väznice

of over 1,000 prisoners.

pre viac ako tisíc väzňov.

One thousand prisoners who sat in meditation.

1000 väzňov, ktorí sedia a meditujú.

This was one of the most courageous steps

Bol to jeden z najodvážnejších krokov,

I took as a prison governor.

ktoré som ako riaditeľka väzenia urobila.

And this is what transformed.

A týmto sa to posunulo dopredu.

You want to know more about this,

Ak o tom chcete vedieť viac,

go and see this film, "Doing Time, Doing Vipassana."

choďte a pozrite si film "Doing Time Doing Vipassana."

You will hear about it, and you will love it.

Budete o tom počuť a budete to milovať.

And write to me on KiranBedi.com,

Napíšte mi na KiranBedi.com

and I'll respond to you.

a ja vám odpoviem.

Let me show you the next slide.

Ukážem vám ďalší obrázok.

I took the same concept of mindfulness,

Vzala som rovnaký koncept.

because, why did I bring meditation into the Indian prison?

Prečo som priniesla do indického väzenia meditáciu?

Because crime is a product of a distorted mind.

Pretože zločin je výsledok narušenej mysle.

It was distortion of mind which needed to be addressed to control.

Toto narušenie mysle potrebujeme ovládnuť,

Not by preaching, not by telling,

a nie kázaním, ani príkazmi,

not by reading, but by addressing your mind.

ani čítaním, ale vstúpením do svojej mysle.

I took the same thing to the police,

To isté som presadzovala aj v polícii,

because police, equally, were prisoners of their minds,

pretože policajti sú taktiež väzňami svojich myslí,

and they felt as if it was "we" and "they,"

a majú pocit, že tu sme my a tam oni,

and that the people don't cooperate.

a ľudia nechcú spolupracovať.

This worked.

Toto fungovalo.

This is a feedback box called a petition box.

Toto je schránka na pripomienky.

This is a concept which I introduced

Tento koncept som zaviedla,

to listen to complaints, listen to grievances.

aby sme vypočuli sťažnosti a mrzutosti.

This was a magic box.

Bola to kúzelná schránka.

This was a sensitive box.

Bola to citlivá schránka.

This is how a prisoner drew how they felt about the prison.

Takto väzeň namaľoval, ako sa vo väzení cíti.

If you see somebody in the blue --

Ak vidíte niekoho v moderom --

yeah, this guy --

áno, tento muž --

he was a prisoner, and he was a teacher.

bol väzňom a učiteľom.

And you see, everybody's busy. There was no time to waste.

Ako vidíte, všetci majú čo robiť, nemrhá sa tam časom.

Let me wrap it up.

Dovoľte mi dokončiť pár myšlienkami.

I'm currently into movements,

V súčasnosti som v hnutiach,

movements of education

v hnutiach zaoberajúcich sa vzdelávaním

of the under-served children,

zanedbávaných detí,

which is thousands -- India is all about thousands.

ktorých sú tisíce -- v Indii sa všetko počíta v tisícoch.

Secondly is about the anti-corruption movement in India.

Ďalej je tu protikorupčné hnutie v Indii.

That's a big way

To je nezanedbateľný spôsob,

we, as a small group of activists,

akým sme my, malá skupina aktivistov,

have drafted an ombudsman bill for the government of India.

pripravili listinu ombudsmana pre vládu Indie.

Friends, you will hear a lot about it.

Priatelia, ešte o tom budete veľa počuť.

That's the movement at the moment I'm driving,

Je to hnutie, ktoré vediem,

and that's the movement and ambition of my life.

a toto hnutie je mojou ambíciou v živote.

Thank you very much.

Ďakujem vám veľmi pekne.

(Applause)

(Potlesk)

Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you.

Ďakujem. Ďakujem vám veľmi pekne. Ďakujem.

Thank you. Thank you. Thank you.

Ďakujem. Ďakujem. Ďakujem.