Aparna Rao: High-tech art (with a sense of humor)

70,883 views ・ 2011-11-08

TED


Pre spustenie videa dvakrát kliknite na anglické titulky nižšie.

Translator: Erika Vojtkova Reviewer: Matej Sykora
00:15
Hi. Today, I'm going to take you through glimpses
0
15260
2000
Ahoj. Dnes spolu nahliadneme
00:17
of about eight of my projects,
1
17260
2000
do mojich asi ôsmich projektov,
00:19
done in collaboration with Danish artist Soren Pors.
2
19260
3000
ktoré som urobila v spolupráci s dánskym umelcom Sorenom Porsom.
00:22
We call ourselves Pors and Rao,
3
22260
2000
Hovoríme si Pors & Rao
00:24
and we live and work in India.
4
24260
2000
a žijeme a pracujeme v Indii.
00:26
I'd like to begin with my very first object,
5
26260
3000
Začnem mojím prvým predmetom,
00:29
which I call "The Uncle Phone."
6
29260
2000
ktorý volám "Strýko-telefón."
00:31
And it was inspired by my uncle's peculiar habit
7
31260
3000
Bol inšpirovaný zvláštnym zvykom môjho strýka
00:34
of constantly asking me to do things for him,
8
34260
2000
neustále ma žiadať, aby som pre neho niečo urobila,
00:36
almost like I were an extension of his body --
9
36260
2000
takmer, ako keby som bola rozšírením jeho tela -
00:38
to turn on the lights or to bring him a glass of water,
10
38260
2000
aby som vypla svetlá, priniesla pohár vody
00:40
a pack of cigarettes.
11
40260
2000
alebo krabičku cigariet.
00:42
And as I grew up, it became worse and worse,
12
42260
2000
A ako som rástla, bolo to stále horšie a horšie
00:44
And I started to think of it as a form of control.
13
44260
2000
a začala som to vnímať ako formu kontroly.
00:46
But of course, I could never say anything,
14
46260
2000
Ale pravdaže som nikdy nemohla nič povedať,
00:48
because the uncle is a respected figure
15
48260
2000
pretože strýko je rešpektovaná osoba
00:50
in the Indian family.
16
50260
2000
v Indickej rodine.
00:52
And the situation that irked me and mystified me the most
17
52260
3000
A čo ma najviac rozčuľovalo a čo som nechápala,
00:55
was his use of a landline telephone.
18
55260
2000
bol spôsob akým používal telefón.
00:57
He would hold on to the receiver and expect me to dial a number for him.
19
57260
3000
Držal slúchadlo a odo mňa očakával, že mu budem vytáčať číslo.
01:00
And so as a response and as a gift to my uncle,
20
60260
3000
Takže ako reakciu na to a ako dar pre môjho strýka,
01:03
I made him "The Uncle Phone."
21
63260
2000
som mu vyrobila "Strýko-telefón."
01:05
It's so long that it requires two people to use it.
22
65260
3000
Je tak dlhý, že je potrebné, aby ho obsluhovali dvaja ľudia.
01:08
It's exactly the way my uncle uses a phone that's designed for one person.
23
68260
4000
Je vhodný presne na to, ako môj strýko používa telefón navrhnutý pre jednu osobu.
01:12
But the problem is that, when I left home and went to college,
24
72260
3000
Ale problém je, že keď som odišla z domu a šla na vysokú školu,
01:15
I started missing his commands.
25
75260
2000
začalo mi strýkove komandovanie chýbať.
01:17
And so I made him a golden typewriter
26
77260
2000
A tak som mu vyrobila jedinečný písací stroj,
01:19
through which he could dispense his commands
27
79260
2000
pomocou ktorého mohol vydávať svoje príkazy
01:21
to nephews and nieces around the world as an email.
28
81260
3000
synovcom a neteriam po celom svete vo forme e-mailu.
01:24
So what he had to do was take a piece of paper, roll it into the carriage,
29
84260
3000
Takže musel vziať papier, navinúť ho na valec,
01:27
type his email or command and pull the paper out.
30
87260
3000
napísať e-mail alebo príkaz a vytiahnuť papier von.
01:30
This device would automatically send the intended person
31
90260
3000
Prístroj automaticky poslal list
01:33
the letter as an email.
32
93260
2000
požadovanej osobe ako e-mail.
01:35
So here you can see, we embedded a lot of electronics
33
95260
3000
Takže tu vidíte, že sme použili veľa elektroniky,
01:38
that understands all of the mechanical actions
34
98260
2000
ktorá rozumie všetkým mechanickým činnostiam
01:40
and converts it to digital.
35
100260
2000
a prevádza ich na digitálne.
01:42
So my uncle is only dealing with a mechanical interface.
36
102260
3000
Takže môj strýko pracuje len s mechanickým rozhraním.
01:45
And of course, the object had to be very grand and have a sense of ritualism,
37
105260
3000
A pravdaže, tento predmet musí byť veľkolepý a mať v sebe štipku ritualizmu,
01:48
the way my uncle likes it.
38
108260
2000
tak, ako to má môj strýko rád.
01:50
The next work is a sound-sensitive installation
39
110260
3000
Ďalšie dielo je inštalácia citlivá na zvuk,
01:53
that we affectionately call "The Pygmies."
40
113260
3000
ktorú láskavo voláme "Pygmejovia."
01:56
And we wanted to work with a notion of being
41
116260
2000
A chceli sme pracovať s predstavou,
01:58
surrounded by a tribe of very shy, sensitive and sweet creatures.
42
118260
4000
že sme obklopení kmeňom veľmi plachých, citlivých a roztomilých tvorov.
02:02
So how it works is we have these panels, which we have on the wall,
43
122260
3000
A funguje to tak, že máme na stene tieto panely
02:05
and behind them, we have these little creatures which hide.
44
125260
3000
a za nimi sa skrývajú takýto tvorovia.
02:08
And as soon as it's silent, they sort of creep out.
45
128260
3000
Pokiaľ je ticho, tak takto vyliezajú.
02:11
And if it's even more silent, they stretch their necks out.
46
131260
2000
Ak je ešte tichšie, tak naťahujú krky.
02:13
And at the slightest sound, they hide back again.
47
133260
3000
A pri najjemnejšom zvuku sa znova skryjú.
02:16
So we had these panels on three walls of a room.
48
136260
3000
Tieto panely sme mali na troch stenách miestnosti.
02:19
And we had over 500 of these little pygmies hiding behind them.
49
139260
3000
Za nimi sa skrývalo viac ako 500 týchto malých pygmejov.
02:22
So this is how it works.
50
142260
2000
Funguje to takto.
02:24
This is a video prototype.
51
144260
2000
Toto je video prototyp.
02:26
So when it's quiet, it's sort of coming out from behind the panels.
52
146260
3000
Keď je ticho, tak pomaly vychádzajú spoza panelov.
02:29
And they hear like humans do, or real creatures do.
53
149260
2000
A počujú ako ľudia alebo ako živí tvorovia.
02:31
So they get immune to sounds that scare them after awhile.
54
151260
3000
Takže sa po chvíli stanú imúnnymi na zvuky, ktoré ich desia.
02:34
And they don't react to background sounds.
55
154260
3000
A nereagujú na zvuky na pozadí.
02:37
You'll hear a train in moment that they don't react to.
56
157260
3000
Budete počuť vlak, na ktorý oni nereagujú.
02:40
(Noise)
57
160260
2000
(Hluk)
02:42
But they react to foreground sounds. You'll hear that in a second.
58
162260
3000
Ale reagujú na zvuky v popredí. Za okamih to budete počuť.
02:45
(Whistling)
59
165260
3000
(Pískanie)
02:50
So we worked very hard
60
170260
2000
Takže sme tvrdo pracovali na tom,
02:52
to make them as lifelike as possible.
61
172260
3000
aby sme ich vytvorili čo najprirodzenejších.
02:56
So each pygmy has its own behavior, psyche,
62
176260
2000
Každý pygmej má vlastné správanie, psychiku,
02:58
mood swings, personalities and so on.
63
178260
3000
výkyvy nálad, osobnosť a tak ďalej.
03:01
So this is a very early prototype.
64
181260
2000
Toto je veľmi ranný prototyp.
03:03
Of course, it got much better after that.
65
183260
2000
Pravdaže sa to potom o dosť zlepšilo.
03:05
And we made them react to people,
66
185260
2000
A urobili sme ich tak, aby reagovali na ľudí,
03:07
but we found that people were being quite playful and childlike with them.
67
187260
4000
ale zistili sme, že ľudia sa s nimi radi hrali.
03:11
This is a video installation called "The Missing Person."
68
191260
3000
Toto je video inštalácia s názvom "Nezvestná osoba."
03:14
And we were quite intrigued
69
194260
2000
Dosť nás zaujalo
03:16
with playing with the notion of invisibility.
70
196260
2000
hranie sa s myšlienkou neviditeľnosti.
03:18
How would it be possible to experience a sense of invisibility?
71
198260
3000
Aké by to bolo zažiť neviditeľnosť?
03:21
So we worked with a company
72
201260
2000
Takže sme pracovali so spoločnosťou,
03:23
that specializes in camera surveillance,
73
203260
2000
ktorá sa špecializuje na kamerové zabezpečenie
03:25
and we asked them to develop a piece of software with us,
74
205260
3000
a požiadali sme ich, aby s nami vyvinuli softvér,
03:28
using a camera
75
208260
2000
s použitím kamery,
03:30
that could look at people in the room, track them
76
210260
2000
ktorá by sa pozerala na ľudí v miestnosti, sledovala ich
03:32
and replace one person with the background, rendering them invisible.
77
212260
3000
a jednu osobu nahradila pozadím, čím by zapríčinila jej neviditeľnosť.
03:35
So I'm just going to show you a very early prototype.
78
215260
3000
Ukážem vám veľmi skorý prototyp.
03:38
On the right side you can see my colleague Soren,
79
218260
2000
Napravo vidíte môjho kolegu Sorena,
03:40
who's actually in the space.
80
220260
2000
ktorý je naozaj v priestore.
03:42
And on the left side, you'll see the processed video
81
222260
2000
A naľavo uvidíte spracované video,
03:44
where the camera has made him invisible.
82
224260
3000
kde ho kamera zneviditeľnila.
03:47
Soren enters the room. Pop! He goes invisible.
83
227260
3000
Soren vchádza do miestnosti. Hop! A je neviditeľný.
03:50
And you can see that the camera is tracking him and erasing.
84
230260
3000
Môžete si všimnúť, že kamera ho sleduje a maže.
03:53
It's a very early video,
85
233260
2000
Je to veľmi skoré video,
03:55
so we haven't yet dealt with the overlap and all of that,
86
235260
2000
takže sme ešte nevyriešili prekrytie a všetko okolo toho,
03:57
but that got refined pretty soon, later.
87
237260
3000
ale to sa potom zdokonalilo celkom rýchlo.
04:00
So how we used it was in a room where we had a camera looking into the space,
88
240260
3000
Použili sme to v miestnosti, kde sa kamera pozerala do priestoru
04:03
and we had one monitor, one on each wall.
89
243260
3000
a na každej stene sme mali jeden monitor.
04:06
And as people walked into the room,
90
246260
2000
A keď ľudia vošli do miestnosti,
04:08
they would see themselves in the monitor, except with one difference:
91
248260
3000
videli sa na monitore, s jedným rozdielom:
04:11
one person was constantly invisible
92
251260
2000
jedna osoba bola stále neviditeľná,
04:13
wherever they moved in the room.
93
253260
2000
nech sa pohybovala hocikde po miestnosti.
04:15
So this is a work called "The Sun Shadow."
94
255260
2000
Toto je práca s názvom "Tieň Slnka."
04:17
And it was almost like a sheet of paper,
95
257260
3000
A to bolo skoro ako hárok papiera,
04:20
like a cutout of a childlike drawing
96
260260
2000
ako vystrihnutie detskej kresby
04:22
of an oil spill or a sun.
97
262260
2000
olejovej škvrny alebo slnka.
04:24
And from the front, this object appeared to be very strong and robust,
98
264260
3000
Spredu sa tento predmet zdal byť veľmi silný a robustný
04:27
and from the side, it almost seemed very weak.
99
267260
3000
a zboku sa zdal byť veľmi slabý.
04:30
So people would walking into the room and they'd almost ignore it,
100
270260
3000
Takže ľudia vošli do miestnosti a takmer ho ignorovali,
04:33
thinking it was some crap laying around.
101
273260
2000
mysliac si, že sú to nejaké odpadky, čo sa tam povaľujú.
04:35
But as soon as they passed by,
102
275260
2000
Ale akonáhle prešli okolo,
04:37
it would start to climb up the wall in jerky fashion.
103
277260
2000
začalo sa to trhavým pohybom šplhať po stene.
04:39
And it would get exhausted, and it would collapse every time.
104
279260
3000
A vždy sa to unavilo a zviezlo naspäť dolu.
04:42
(Laughter)
105
282260
2000
(Smiech)
04:44
So this work
106
284260
2000
Takže táto práca
04:46
is a caricature of an upside-down man.
107
286260
2000
je karikatúra prevráteného muža.
04:48
His head is so heavy, full of heavy thoughts,
108
288260
2000
Jeho hlava je tak ťažká, plná ťažkých myšlienok,
04:50
that it's sort of fallen into his hat,
109
290260
2000
že akosi prepadla do jeho klobúka
04:52
and his body's grown out of him almost like a plant.
110
292260
2000
a jeho telo z neho vyrastá takmer ako rastlina.
04:54
Well what he does is he moves around
111
294260
2000
A robí to, že sa pohybuje okolo
04:56
in a very drunken fashion on his head
112
296260
2000
veľmi opito pôsobiacim spôsobom na svojej hlave
04:58
in a very unpredictable and extremely slow movement.
113
298260
3000
veľmi nepredvídateľným a extrémne pomalým pohybom.
05:01
And it's kind of constrained by that circle.
114
301260
3000
A je akoby obmedzený týmto kruhom.
05:04
Because if that circle weren't there, and the floor was very even,
115
304260
3000
Pretože, ak by tam tento kruh nebol, a podlaha by bola veľmi rovná,
05:07
it would start to wander about in the space.
116
307260
2000
začal by sa potulovať po celom priestore.
05:09
And there's no wires.
117
309260
2000
Tam nie sú žiadne drôtiky.
05:11
So I'll just show you an instance --
118
311260
2000
Ukážem vám príklad -
05:13
so when people enter the room, it activates this object.
119
313260
2000
takže keď ľudia vkročia do miestnosti, aktivuje to tento predmet.
05:15
And it very slowly, over a few minutes,
120
315260
2000
A niekoľko minút, veľmi pomaly,
05:17
sort of painfully goes up,
121
317260
2000
to tak nejak s námahou lezie hore,
05:19
and then it gains momentum
122
319260
2000
a potom sa to začne rozbiehať
05:21
and it looks like it's almost about to fall.
123
321260
2000
a vyzerá to, akoby to malo každú chvíľu spadnúť.
05:23
And this is an important moment,
124
323260
2000
Toto je dôležitá chvíľa,
05:25
because we wanted to instill in the viewer
125
325260
2000
pretože sme chceli u diváka vyvolať
05:27
an instinct to almost go and help, or save the subject.
126
327260
2000
inštinkt takmer ísť a pomôcť alebo zachrániť tento predmet.
05:29
But it doesn't really need it,
127
329260
2000
Ale ten to v skutočnosti nepotrebuje,
05:31
because it, again, sort of manages to pull itself up.
128
331260
3000
pretože sa mu znova nejako podarí vytiahnuť sa hore.
05:34
So this work was a real technical challenge for us,
129
334260
3000
Takže táto práca bola pre nás ozajstnou technickou výzvou
05:37
and we worked very hard, like most of our works, over years
130
337260
3000
a pracovali sme na nej veľmi tvrdo, ako pri väčšine našich prác, celé roky,
05:40
to get the mechanics right and the equilibrium and the dynamics.
131
340260
3000
aby mechanika, rovnováha a dynamika fungovali správne.
05:43
And it was very important for us
132
343260
2000
Bolo pre nás veľmi dôležité
05:45
to establish the exact moment that it would fall,
133
345260
3000
vytvoriť ten moment, kedy to už takmer padá,
05:48
because if we made it in a way that it would topple over,
134
348260
3000
pretože keby sme to urobili tak, že by sa to bolo prevrhlo,
05:51
then it would damage itself,
135
351260
2000
poškodilo by sa to
05:53
and if it didn't fall enough, it wouldn't instill that fatalism,
136
353260
3000
a ak by to nepadalo dostatočne, nevyvolalo by to ten fatalizmus
05:56
or that sense of wanting to go and help it.
137
356260
2000
alebo ten pocit chcieť ísť a pomôcť tomu.
05:58
So I'm going to show you a very quick video
138
358260
2000
Ukážem vám veľmi krátke video,
06:00
where we are doing a test scenario -- it's much faster.
139
360260
2000
kde robíme test - je to omnoho rýchlejšie.
06:02
That's my colleague. He's let it go.
140
362260
2000
To je môj kolega. Pustil to.
06:04
Now he's getting nervous, so he's going to go catch it.
141
364260
2000
Teraz začína byť nervózny, takže sa to chystá chytiť.
06:06
But he doesn't need to,
142
366260
2000
Ale nebolo treba,
06:08
because it manages to lift itself up on its own.
143
368260
2000
pretože sa tomu podarí zdvihnúť samému.
06:10
So this is a work that we were very intrigued with,
144
370260
3000
Toto je práca, pri ktorej sme boli veľmi zaujatí
06:13
working with the aesthetic of fur
145
373260
2000
pracovaním s estetikou kožušiny,
06:15
embedded with thousands of tiny different sizes
146
375260
3000
do ktorej sme vložili tisícky drobných optických vlákien
06:18
of fiber optics, which twinkle like the night sky.
147
378260
3000
rôznych veľkostí, ktoré žiaria ako nočná obloha.
06:21
And it's at the scale of the night sky.
148
381260
2000
A má to také rozmery, aby to vyzeralo ako nočná obloha.
06:23
So we wrapped this around a blob-like form,
149
383260
2000
Obalili sme to okolo takej kvapkovitej formy,
06:25
which is in the shape of a teddy bear,
150
385260
2000
ktorá je v tvare plyšového medvedíka,
06:27
which was hanging from the ceiling.
151
387260
2000
ktorý visel zo stropu.
06:29
And the idea was to sort of contrast
152
389260
2000
Myšlienkou bol akýsi kontrast
06:31
something very cold and distant and abstract like the universe
153
391260
3000
niečoho veľmi chladného a vzdialeného a abstraktného, ako je vesmír
06:34
into the familiar form of a teddy bear,
154
394260
2000
s niečím veľmi známym, ako je plyšový medvedík,
06:36
which is very comforting and intimate.
155
396260
2000
ktorý je veľmi upokojujúci a blízky.
06:38
And the idea was that at some point
156
398260
2000
A išlo nám o to, že v určitom bode
06:40
you would stop looking at the form of a teddy bear
157
400260
2000
sa prestanete pozerať na tvar medvedíka
06:42
and you would almost perceive it to be a hole in the space,
158
402260
3000
a začnete to vnímať ako dieru v priestore
06:45
and as if you were looking out into the twinkling night sky.
159
405260
3000
a akoby ste sa pozerali na žiariacu nočnú oblohu.
06:49
So this is the last work, and a work in progress,
160
409260
2000
Toto je posledná práca, na ktorej sa stále robí,
06:51
and it's called "Space Filler."
161
411260
2000
a volá sa "Priestorová výplň."
06:53
Well imagine a small cube that's about this big
162
413260
2000
Predstavte si malú kocku, ktorá je asi takto veľká,
06:55
standing in front of you in the middle of the room,
163
415260
2000
stojí pred vami uprostred miestnosti
06:57
and as you approached it, it tried to intimidate you
164
417260
3000
a keď sa k nej priblížite, snaží sa vás zastrašiť tým,
07:00
by growing into a cube
165
420260
2000
že narastie do kocky,
07:02
that's twice its height and [eight] times its volume.
166
422260
3000
ktorá je dvakrát tak vysoká a má štyrikrát taký objem.
07:05
And so this object is constantly expanding and contracting
167
425260
3000
Tento predmet sa neustále rozširuje a zmršťuje,
07:08
to create a dynamic with people moving around it --
168
428260
2000
aby vytvoril dynamiku s ľuďmi pohybujúcimi sa naokolo -
07:10
almost like it were trying
169
430260
2000
takmer akoby sa v sebe snažil
07:12
to conceal a secret within its seams or something.
170
432260
2000
skryť tajomstvo alebo niečo také.
07:14
So we work with a lot of technology,
171
434260
3000
Takže pracujeme s množstvom technológie,
07:17
but we don't really love technology,
172
437260
2000
aj keď my technológiu veľmi nemáme radi,
07:19
because it gives us a lot of pain in our work over years and years.
173
439260
3000
pretože sa s ňou pri našich prácach roky trápime.
07:22
But we use it because we're interested
174
442260
2000
Ale používame ju, pretože sa zaujímame
07:24
in the way that it can help us
175
444260
2000
o spôsob, akým nám dokáže pomôcť
07:26
to express the emotions and behavioral patterns
176
446260
3000
vyjadriť emócie a správanie
07:29
in these creatures that we create.
177
449260
2000
v týchto tvoroch, ktoré vytvárame.
07:31
And once a creature pops into our minds,
178
451260
2000
A v momente, ako nás nejaký výtvor napadne,
07:33
it's almost like the process of creation
179
453260
2000
je to takmer akoby proces stvorenia,
07:35
is to discover the way this creature really wants to exist
180
455260
3000
objaviť spôsob, akým chce tento tvor existovať
07:38
and what form it wants to take and what way it wants to move.
181
458260
2000
a akú formu chce mať a akým spôsobom sa chce pohybovať.
07:40
Thank you.
182
460260
2000
Ďakujem!
07:42
(Applause)
183
462260
2000
(Potlesk)
O tomto webe

Táto stránka vám predstaví videá na YouTube, ktoré sú užitočné pri učení angličtiny. Uvidíte lekcie angličtiny, ktoré vedú špičkoví učitelia z celého sveta. Dvojitým kliknutím na anglické titulky zobrazené na stránke každého videa si môžete video odtiaľ prehrať. Titulky sa posúvajú synchronizovane s prehrávaním videa. Ak máte akékoľvek pripomienky alebo požiadavky, kontaktujte nás prostredníctvom tohto kontaktného formulára.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7