Mike Biddle: We can recycle plastic

123,266 views ใƒป 2011-10-06

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Oren Szekatch ืžื‘ืงืจ: Shahar Kaiser
00:15
I'm a garbage man.
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ืื ื™ ืคื•ืขืœ ื–ื‘ืœ.
00:18
And you might find it interesting that I became a garbage man,
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ื•ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ืชืžืฆืื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ืœืคื•ืขืœ ื–ื‘ืœ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช,
00:21
because I absolutely hate waste.
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื ื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžืชืขื‘ ืคืกื•ืœืช.
00:23
I hope, within the next 10 minutes,
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื”, ื‘ืขืฉืจ ื”ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช,
00:26
to change the way you think
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ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื
00:28
about a lot of the stuff in your life.
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ืขืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.
00:30
And I'd like to start at the very beginning.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช.
00:32
Think back when you were just a kid.
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ื—ื–ืจื• ืื—ื•ืจื” ื•ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื›ื.
00:34
How did look at the stuff in your life?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืกืชื›ืœืชื ืขืœ ื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื›ื?
00:36
Perhaps it was like these toddler rules:
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ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืขื•ืœืœ ื”ื‘ืื™ื:
00:40
It's my stuff if I saw it first.
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ืืœื• ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืื ืื ื™ ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื ืชื—ื™ืœื”.
00:43
The entire pile is my stuff if I'm building something.
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ื›ืœ ื”ืขืจืžื” ื›ื•ืœื” ืฉืœื™ ืื ืื ื™ ื‘ื•ื ื” ืžืฉื”ื•.
00:47
The more stuff that's mine, the better.
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ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืฉื”ื ืฉืœื™, ื›ื›ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
00:50
And of course, it's your stuff if it's broken.
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืืœื• ื”ื ื—ืคืฆื™ืš ืื ื”ื ืžืงื•ืœืงืœื™ื.
00:53
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:55
Well after spending about 20 years in the recycling industry,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ื›ืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื” ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ,
00:57
it's become pretty clear to me
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ื–ื” ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื™
00:59
that we don't necessarily leave these toddler rules behind
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืžื•ืชื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืขื•ืœืœ ื”ืืœื” ืžืื—ื•ืจ
01:01
as we develop into adults.
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื• ืžืชืคืชื—ื™ื ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื.
01:03
And let me tell you why I have that perspective.
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ื•ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ื–ื•.
01:05
Because each and every day
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื•ื™ื•ื
01:07
at our recycling plants around the world
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ื‘ืžืคืขืœื™ ื”ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
01:09
we handle about one million pounds
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืงื™ืœื•ื’ืจื
01:12
of people's discarded stuff.
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ืฉืœ ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฉืœื›ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื.
01:14
Now a million pounds a day sounds like a lot of stuff,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ืฆื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืงื™ืœื•ื’ืจื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื ืฉืžืข ื›ืžื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ืคืฆื™ื,
01:16
but it's a tiny drop of the durable goods
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืจืง ื˜ื™ืคื” ื‘ื™ื ื”ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช
01:19
that are disposed each and every year around the world --
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ืืฉืจ ืžื•ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื•ืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื --
01:21
well less than one percent.
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ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืื—ื•ื– ืื—ื“.
01:23
In fact, the United Nations estimates
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืื•"ื ืžืขืจื™ืš
01:25
that there's about 85 billion pounds a year
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ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืจืš 39 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืงื™ืœื•ื’ืจื ืฉืœ ืคืกื•ืœืช
01:27
of electronics waste
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ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”
01:29
that gets discarded around the world each and every year --
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ืืฉืจ ืžื•ืฉืœื›ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื•ืฉื ื” --
01:31
and that's one of the most rapidly growing parts of our waste stream.
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืื—ื“ ืžื–ืจืžื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื’ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
01:34
And if you throw in other durable goods like automobiles and so forth,
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ื•ืื ืชื›ื ื™ืกื• ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื—ืจื•ืช ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”,
01:37
that number well more than doubles.
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ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื•ื›ืคืœ.
01:39
And of course, the more developed the country,
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืคื•ืชื—ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ,
01:41
the bigger these mountains.
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ื›ืš ื’ื“ืœื™ื ื”ื”ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื•.
01:43
Now when you see these mountains,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื•,
01:45
most people think of garbage.
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื‘ืœ.
01:47
We see above-ground mines.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืžื›ืจื•ืช ืขืœ-ืงืจืงืขื™ื™ื.
01:49
And the reason we see mines is because there's a lot of valuable raw materials
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืžื›ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉื ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื’ืœื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืจืš
01:52
that went into making all of this stuff in the first place.
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ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื”ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆืจื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”.
01:55
And it's becoming increasingly important
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ
01:57
that we figure out how to extract these raw materials
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ืฉื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื’ืœื ื”ืœืœื•
02:00
from these extremely complicated waste streams.
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ืžืื•ืชื ื–ืจืžื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื.
02:03
Because as we've heard all week at TED,
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื›ืžื• ืฉืฉืžืขื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื–ื” ื‘-TED,
02:05
the world's getting to be a smaller place with more people in it
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืงื˜ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื•
02:08
who want more and more stuff.
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ื•ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
02:10
And of course, they want the toys and the tools
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืขืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื
02:13
that many of us take for granted.
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ืฉืจื•ื‘ื ื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืืœื™ื•.
02:15
And what goes into making those toys and tools
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ื•ืžื” ื ืฆืจืš ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืชื ืฆืขืฆื•ืขื™ื ื•ื›ืœื™ื
02:18
that we use every single day?
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ืฉืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื•ื™ื•ื?
02:20
It's mostly many types of plastics and many types of metals.
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ื–ื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื•ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืชื›ื•ืช.
02:23
And the metals, we typically get
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ื•ืืช ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช, ืื ื• ืœืจื•ื‘ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื
02:26
from ore that we mine
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ืžืžื—ืฆื‘ ืฉืื ื• ื›ื•ืจื™ื
02:28
in ever widening mines
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ื‘ืžื›ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืžืชื“ืœื“ืœื™ื
02:30
and ever deepening mines around the world.
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ื•ื”ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื ื—ืคืจื™ื ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
02:32
And the plastics, we get from oil,
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ื•ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืžื ืคื˜,
02:35
which we go to more remote locations
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ืืฉืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืืœ ืืชืจื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
02:37
and drill ever deeper wells to extract.
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ื•ืงื•ื“ื—ื™ื ื‘ืืจื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืฉื.
02:40
And these practices have
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ื•ืœืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื™ืฉ
02:42
significant economic and environmental implications
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ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช
02:45
that we're already starting to see today.
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ืฉืื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืชื ื›ื™ื•ื.
02:48
The good news is we are starting to recover materials from our end-of-life stuff
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ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืชื›ืœื™ื
02:51
and starting to recycle our end-of-life stuff,
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ื•ืื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืžื—ื–ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชื›ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
02:53
particularly in regions of the world like here in Europe
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ืžื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”
02:56
that have recycling policies in place
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ื‘ื” ื™ืฉื ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช
02:59
that require that this stuff be recycled
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ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืฉื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ืžื•ื—ื–ืจื•
03:01
in a responsible manner.
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื—ืจืื™.
03:03
Most of what's extracted from our end-of-life stuff,
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžื—ืœืฆื™ื ืžื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื”ืœื ืžืชื›ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื•,
03:05
if it makes it to a recycler, are the metals.
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ืื ื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ, ื”ืŸ ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช.
03:08
To put that in perspective --
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืคืจื•ืคื•ืจืฆื™ื” --
03:10
and I'm using steel as a proxy here for metals,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืคื” ื‘ืคืœื“ื” ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช,
03:12
because it's the most common metal --
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืชื›ืช ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื” ืžื›ืœ --
03:14
if your stuff makes it to a recycler,
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ืื ื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ,
03:16
probably over 90 percent of the metals
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ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืž-90 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช
03:18
are going to be recovered and reused for another purpose.
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ื™ื•ื—ื–ืจื• ื•ื™ื•ืฉืžืฉื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช.
03:21
Plastics are a whole other story:
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ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ื”ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช.
03:23
well less than 10 percent are recovered.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืขืฉืจื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื™ื•ื—ื–ืจื•.
03:25
In fact, it's more like five percent.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืื—ื•ื–.
03:27
Most of it's incinerated or landfilled.
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ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžืฉืจืคื” ืื• ืœืžื˜ืžื ื”.
03:29
Now most people think that's because plastics are a throw-away material,
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื›ืš ื›ื™ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ื”ื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื–ื•ืจืงื™ื,
03:31
have very little value.
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ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืจืš ืคืขื•ื˜.
03:33
But actually, plastics are several times more valuable than steel.
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ืืš ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืจืš ืคื™ ื›ืžื” ืžื•ื ื™ื ืžืคืœื“ื”.
03:36
And there's more plastics produced and consumed
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ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ืžื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืฆืจื›ื™ื
03:38
around the world on a volume basis
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ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื’ื‘ื•ื”
03:40
every year than steel.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ืžืืฉืจ ืคืœื“ื”.
03:42
So why is such a plentiful and valuable material
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ืื– ืžื“ื•ืข ื—ื•ืžืจ ื›ื” ืฉื•ืคืข ื•ื™ืงืจ ืขืจืš
03:45
not recovered at anywhere near the rate
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ืื™ื ื• ืžืžื•ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืจืžื”
03:47
of the less valuable material?
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ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ?
03:49
Well it's predominantly because
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ
03:51
metals are very easy to recycle
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ืฉืžืชื›ื•ืช ืงืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืžื—ื–ืจ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ
03:53
from other materials and from one another.
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ืžื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืื—ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”.
03:55
They have very different densities.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืฆืคื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“.
03:57
They have different electrical and magnetic properties.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
03:59
And they even have different colors.
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ื•ืืฃ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
04:01
So it's very easy for either humans or machines
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ืื– ื–ื” ืงืœ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืื ืœืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช
04:04
to separate these metals
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ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
04:06
from one another and from other materials.
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ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื•ืžื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
04:08
Plastics have overlapping densities over a very narrow range.
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ืœืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ื™ืฉ ืฆืคื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืคื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฆืจ ืžืื•ื“.
04:12
They have either identical or very similar
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช
04:14
electrical and magnetic properties.
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ื–ื”ื•ืช ืื• ืžืื•ื“ ื“ื•ืžื•ืช.
04:16
And any plastic can be any color,
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ื•ื›ืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื›ืœ ืฆื‘ืข,
04:18
as you probably well know.
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื.
04:20
So the traditional ways of separating materials
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ืื– ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ืœื”ืคืจื“ืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื
04:22
just simply don't work for plastics.
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื.
04:26
Another consequence of metals being so easy to recycle by humans
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ืชื•ืฆืื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื›ืš ืฉื›ื” ืงืœ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืžื—ื–ืจ ืžืชื›ื•ืช
04:29
is that a lot of our stuff from the developed world --
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ื”ื™ื ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžื—ืคืฆื™ื ื• ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืคื•ืชื— --
04:32
and sadly to say, particularly from the United States,
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ื•ืฆืจ ืœื™ ืœื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืืจื”"ื‘,
04:35
where we don't have any recycling policies in place like here in Europe --
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ื‘ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืฉื•ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื›ืžื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” --
04:38
finds its way to developing countries
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ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ื“ืจื›ื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช
04:40
for low-cost recycling.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื–ื•ืœ.
04:43
People, for as little as a dollar a day, pick through our stuff.
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ืื ืฉื™ื, ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื™ื•ื, ืžื—ื˜ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื—ืคืฆื™ื›ื.
04:46
They extract what they can, which is mostly the metals --
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ื”ื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื, ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื• ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช --
04:48
circuit boards and so forth --
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ืžืขื’ืœื™ื ื—ืฉืžืœื™ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื” --
04:50
and they leave behind mostly what they can't recover,
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ื•ื”ื ืžื•ืชื™ืจื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจ ืœืจื•ื‘ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื—ื–ืจ --
04:52
which is, again, mostly the plastics.
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ืฉื–ื”, ืฉื•ื‘, ืœืจื•ื‘ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื.
04:55
Or they burn the plastics to get to the metals
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ืื• ืฉื”ื ืฉื•ืจืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช
04:58
in burn houses like you see here.
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ื‘ืžืฉืจืคื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืืŸ.
05:00
And they extract the metals by hand.
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ื•ื”ื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื.
05:04
Now while this may be the low-economic-cost solution,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื”ื• ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ืœ ื›ืœื›ืœื™,
05:07
this is certainly not the low-environmental
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ื–ื” ืœืœื ืกืคืง ืœื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“
05:09
or human health-and-safety solution.
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ืื• ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืคื•ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื.
05:12
I call this environmental arbitrage.
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ืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื ืœื–ื” ืืจื‘ื™ื˜ืจืื–' ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™.
05:15
And it's not fair, it's not safe
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ืŸ, ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—
05:18
and it's not sustainable.
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ื•ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื.
05:21
Now because the plastics are so plentiful --
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ื›ืขืช ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ื”ื ื›ื” ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื --
05:23
and by the way,
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ื•ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘,
05:25
those other methods don't lead to the recovery of plastics, obviously --
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ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื, ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื --
05:27
but people do try to recover the plastics.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื›ืŸ ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืžื—ื–ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื.
05:29
This is just one example.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืจืง ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื—ืช.
05:31
This is a photo I took standing on the rooftops
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ืฆื™ืœืžืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ืฉืขืžื“ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื’ื•ืช
05:33
of one of the largest slums in the world in Mumbai, India.
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ืฉืœ ืื—ืช ืžืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืžื•ืžื‘ื™ื™, ื”ื•ื“ื•.
05:36
They store the plastics on the roofs.
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ื”ื ืื•ื’ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื’ื•ืช.
05:38
They bring them below those roofs into small workshops like these,
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ื”ื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืืœ ืžืชื—ืช ืœื’ื’ื•ืช ืœื‘ืชื™ ืžืœืื›ื” ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื–ื”,
05:41
and people try very hard to separate the plastics,
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืžืœื™ื ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื,
05:44
by color, by shape, by feel,
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ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฆื‘ืข, ืฆื•ืจื”, ืžืจื’ืฉ,
05:46
by any technique they can.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืฉื”ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื.
05:48
And sometimes they'll resort to what's known as the "burn and sniff" technique
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ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืžื” ืฉืžื›ื•ืจ ื›ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”"ืฉืจื™ืคื” ื•ื”ืจื—ื”"
05:50
where they'll burn the plastic and smell the fumes
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ื‘ื” ื”ื ื™ืฉืจืคื• ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื•ื™ืจื™ื—ื• ืืช ื”ืื“ื™ื
05:52
to try to determine the type of plastic.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื™ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื”ื•ื ื–ื”.
05:55
None of these techniques result in any amount of recycling
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ืืฃ ืœื ืื—ืช ืžื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืื™ื ื” ืžื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ
05:58
in any significant way.
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ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขืจืš.
06:00
And by the way,
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ื•ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘,
06:02
please don't try this technique at home.
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ืื ื ืืœ ืชื ืกื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
06:04
So what are we to do about this space-age material,
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ืื– ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื—ืœืœ,
06:07
at least what we used to call a space-aged material, these plastics?
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืฉื ื”ื’ื ื• ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืฉืœ ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื—ืœืœ, ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ื”ืืœื•?
06:10
Well I certainly believe that it's far too valuable and far too abundant
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื–ื”ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืจื‘ ืขืจืš ื•ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืฉืคืข
06:13
to keep putting back in the ground
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ืžื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœืื“ืžื”
06:15
or certainly send up in smoke.
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ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืœื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืขืฉืŸ.
06:17
So about 20 years ago, I literally started in my garage tinkering around,
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ืื– ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื”, ืื ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื• ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ื‘ืžื—ืกืŸ ืฉืœื™,
06:20
trying to figure out how to separate
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ื‘ื ืกื•ืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“
06:22
these very similar materials from each other,
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ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉื ื™,
06:24
and eventually enlisted a lot of my friends,
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื™,
06:27
in the mining world actually, and in the plastics world,
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ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ื›ืจื™ื™ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง,
06:30
and we started going around to mining laboratories around the world.
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ื•ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื›ืจื™ื™ื” ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื.
06:33
Because after all, we're doing above-ground mining.
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืจื™ื™ื” ืขืœ-ืงืจืงืขื™ืช.
06:36
And we eventually broke the code.
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืคื™ืฆื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ืงื•ื“.
06:38
This is the last frontier of recycling.
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ื–ื”ื• ืงื• ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ.
06:40
It's the last major material
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ
06:42
to be recovered in any significant amount on the Earth.
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ืฉื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืžื•ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
06:44
And we finally figured out how to do it.
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ื•ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ื ื• ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
06:46
And in the process, we started recreating
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ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš, ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ
06:48
how the plastics industry makes plastics.
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ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื.
06:50
The traditional way to make plastics
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื
06:52
is with oil or petrochemicals.
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ื”ื™ื ืขื ื ืคื˜ ืื• ื“ืจืš ืคื˜ืจื•ื›ื™ืžื™ื”.
06:54
You breakdown the molecules, you recombine them in very specific ways,
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ืืชื” ืžืคืจืง ืืช ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช, ื•ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“,
06:57
to make all the wonderful plastics that we enjoy each and every day.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืคืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื•ื™ื•ื.
07:00
We said, there's got to be a more sustainable way to make plastics.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืืžืจื ื•, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื.
07:03
And not just sustainable from an environmental standpoint,
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ื•ืœื ืจืง ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช,
07:06
sustainable from an economic standpoint as well.
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ืืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
07:09
Well a good place to start is with waste.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืขื ืคืกื•ืœืช.
07:11
It certainly doesn't cost as much as oil,
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ืžื• ื ืคื˜,
07:13
and it's plentiful,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืฉืคืข,
07:15
as I hope that you've been able to see from the photographs.
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ืฆืœื—ืชื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช.
07:17
And because we're not breaking down the plastic into molecules
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ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืคืจืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ืœื›ื“ื™ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช
07:19
and recombining them,
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ื•ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ืžื—ื“ืฉ,
07:21
we're using a mining approach to extract the materials.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืฉื” ืžืงื•ืจื‘ืช ืœื›ืจื™ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื.
07:24
We have significantly lower capital costs
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืจื“ื ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืืช ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ
07:26
in our plant equipment.
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ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื‘ืžืคืขืœื™ื ื•.
07:28
We have enormous energy savings.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืกื›ื™ื ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
07:30
I don't know how many other projects on the planet right now
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ืจื’ืข ื–ื”
07:32
can save 80 to 90 percent of the energy
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืกื•ืš 80 ืขื“ 90 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื”
07:35
compared to making something the traditional way.
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ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื” ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช.
07:37
And instead of plopping down several hundred million dollars
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ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ื›ืžื” ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื
07:39
to build a chemical plant
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืคืขืœ ื›ื™ืžื™
07:41
that will only make one type of plastic for its entire life,
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ืืฉืจ ืจืง ื™ื™ืฆืจ ืกื•ื’ ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืœืžืฉืš ืชืงื•ืคืช ืงื™ื•ืžื•,
07:44
our plants can make any type of plastic we feed them.
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ื”ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื›ื™ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื.
07:47
And we make a drop-in replacement
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ
07:49
for that plastic that's made from petrochemicals.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืฉืžื™ื•ืฆืจ ืžืคื˜ืจื•ื›ื™ืžื™ื”.
07:51
Our customers get to enjoy
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ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื ื”ื ื™ื
07:53
huge CO2 savings.
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ืžื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ืื“ื™ืจ ื‘- CO2.
07:55
They get to close the loop with their products.
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ื”ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืขื’ืœ ืขื ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœื”ื.
07:57
And they get to make more sustainable products.
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ื•ื”ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืจื™ ืงื™ื™ืžื.
07:59
In the short time period I have,
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืงืฆืจ ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ืœื™,
08:01
I want to show you a little bit of a sense about how we do this.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืช ืœื›ื ื˜ืขื™ืžื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช.
08:04
It starts with metal recyclers who shred our stuff into very small bits.
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ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ืžื—ื–ืจื™ ื”ืžืชื›ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืืฉืจ ื’ื•ืจืกื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืœื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืงื˜ื ื•ืช.
08:07
They recover the metals
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ื”ื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ื•ืžืžื—ื–ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช
08:09
and leave behind what's called shredder residue -- it's their waste --
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ื•ื”ื ืžืฉืื™ืจื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ืžืฉืงืข ื’ืจื•ืก - ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ืฉืœื”ื --
08:11
a very complex mixture of materials,
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ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื,
08:13
but predominantly plastics.
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ืืš ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง.
08:15
We take out the things that aren't plastics,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื• ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง,
08:17
such as the metals they missed, carpeting, foam, rubber,
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ื›ืžื• ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืคืกืคืกื•, ืืจื™ื’ื™ื, ืงืฆืฃ, ื’ื•ืžื™,
08:20
wood, glass, paper, you name it.
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ืขืฅ, ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช, ื ื™ื™ืจ, ืžื” ืฉืœื ืชืจืฆื•.
08:23
Even an occasional dead animal, unfortunately.
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ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ื™ื” ืžืชื”, ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ื”ืจื‘.
08:25
And it goes in the first part of our process here, which is more like traditional recycling.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืืœ ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืืŸ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืžื• ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™.
08:28
We're sieving the material, we're using magnets,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกื ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ื,
08:30
we're using air classification.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื•ื•ื’ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ.
08:32
It looks like the Willy Wonka factory at this point.
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ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืžืคืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“ ืฉืœ ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ ื•ื•ื ืงื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื”.
08:34
At the end of this process, we have a mixed plastic composite:
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื–ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช:
08:37
many different types of plastics
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ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื
08:39
and many different grades of plastics.
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ื•ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื.
08:41
This goes into the more sophisticated part of our process,
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ืืœื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื—ืœืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœื ื•,
08:43
and the really hard work, multi-step separation process begins.
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ื•ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื›ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ.
08:47
We grind the plastic down to about the size of your small fingernail.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื˜ื•ื—ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืœื›ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจืŸ ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
08:50
We use a very highly automated process
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘
08:52
to sort those plastics,
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืจื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื,
08:54
not only by type, but by grade.
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ืœื ืจืง ืœืคื™ ืกื•ื’ ืืœื ืœืคื™ ื“ืจื’ื”.
08:56
And out the end of that part of the process
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื–ื”
08:58
come little flakes of plastic:
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ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืคืชื™ืชื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง:
09:00
one type, one grade.
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ืกื•ื’ ืื—ื“, ื“ืจื’ื” ืื—ืช.
09:02
We then use optical sorting to color sort this material.
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ืื– ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื—ื–ื•ืชื™ืช ืœื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆื‘ืข ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ื”.
09:05
We blend it in 50,000-lb. blending silos.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืžื’ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืชื›ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ 22 ืืœืฃ ืงื™ืœื•ื’ืจื.
09:08
We push that material to extruders where we melt it,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื“ื•ื—ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ื” ืืœ ืชื•ืš ืžื›ื‘ืฉื™-ืฉื™ื—ื•ืœ, ืฉื ืื ื• ืžืžื™ืกื™ื ืื•ืชื•,
09:11
push it through small die holes,
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ื“ื•ื—ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื“ืจืš ื—ื•ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืœื•ื ื” ืงื˜ื ื™ื,
09:13
make spaghetti-like plastic strands.
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ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืจืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืกืคื’ื˜ื™.
09:15
And we chop those strands
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ื•ืื ื• ืงื•ืฆืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
09:17
into what are called pellets.
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ืœืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ื›ื“ื•ืจื™ื•ืช.
09:19
And this becomes the currency of the plastics industry.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืข ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื.
09:23
This is the same material
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ื–ื”ื• ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ืžืจ
09:26
that you would get from oil.
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ืฉืืชื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืฉื™ื’ื™ื ืžื ืคื˜.
09:28
And today,
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ื•ื”ื™ื•ื,
09:30
we're producing it from your old stuff,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืžื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื”ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื,
09:33
and it's going right back into your new stuff.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ื”ื™ืฉืจ ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.
09:36
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
09:45
So now, instead of your stuff ending up
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ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื—ืคืฆื™ื›ื ื™ื’ื™ืขื•
09:47
on a hillside in a developing country
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ืืœ ืžื•ืจื“ ื’ื‘ืขื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืชืคืชื—ืช
09:49
or literally going up in smoke,
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ืื• ืฉื™ื”ืคื›ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื• ืœืขืฉืŸ,
09:51
you can find your old stuff
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื—ืคืฆื™ื›ื ื”ื™ืฉื ื™ื
09:53
back on top of your desk in new products,
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ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื›ื ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
09:56
in your office,
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ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื›ื,
09:58
or back at work in your home.
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ืื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื›ื.
10:00
And these are just a few examples
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ื•ืืœื• ื”ื ืจืง ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื•ืช
10:02
of companies that are buying our plastic,
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ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืงื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
10:04
replacing virgin plastic,
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ื”ืžื—ืœื™ืคื•ืช ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื‘ืชื•ืœื™,
10:06
to make their new products.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
10:08
So I hope I've changed the way you look at
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืฉื™ื ื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืืชื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ
10:10
at least some of the stuff in your life.
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื™ื›ื.
10:12
We took our clues from mother nature.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืงื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ืจืžื–ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืžืืžื ืื“ืžื”.
10:14
Mother nature wastes very little,
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ืืžื ืื“ืžื” ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ืช ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ื“,
10:16
reuses practically everything.
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ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ.
10:18
And I hope that you stop looking at yourself as a consumer --
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืชืคืกื™ืงื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื ื›ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื --
10:21
that's a label I've always hated my entire life --
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืชื™ืขื‘ืชื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ --
10:24
and think of yourself as just using resources in one form,
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ื•ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื›ื ื›ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืื—ืช,
10:28
until they can be transformed to another form
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ืขื“ ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื”ืคืš ืœืฆื•ืจื” ืื—ืจืช
10:30
for another use later in time.
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ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:32
And finally, I hope you agree with me
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืชืกื›ื™ืžื• ืื™ืชื™
10:35
to change that last toddler rule just a little bit
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ื•ืชืฉื ื• ืืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืœ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืจืง ื‘ืžืขื˜
10:38
to: "If it's broken, it's my stuff."
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ืœ: "ืื ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื•ืจ, ื–ื” ื”ื—ืคืฅ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื™ืง."
10:41
Thank you for your time.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื–ืžื ื›ื.
10:43
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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