How to buy happiness | Michael Norton

721,823 views ใƒป 2012-04-24

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Jenny Zurawell
0
0
7000
ืžืชืจื’ื: Nir Bibi ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ื›ืกืฃ ื•ืื•ืฉืจ,
00:16
So I want to talk today about money and happiness,
1
16982
2413
ืฉื”ื ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
00:19
which are two things a lot of us spend a lot of our time thinking about,
2
19419
3558
ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื,
ืขืœ ื ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืื•ืชื ืื• ืœื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ืื•ืชื.
00:23
either trying to earn them or trying to increase them.
3
23001
2830
00:25
And a lot of us resonate with this phrase,
4
25855
2279
ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืžื–ื“ื”ื™ื ืขื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื‘ื.
ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื“ืชื•ืช ื•ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ืขื–ืจื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช,
00:28
we see it in religions and self-help books:
5
28158
2809
ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื›ืกืฃ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืื•ืฉืจ.
00:30
money can't buy happiness.
6
30991
1295
ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ื–ื• ื˜ืขื•ืช.
00:32
And I want to suggest today that, in fact, that's wrong.
7
32310
2775
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:35
(Laughter)
8
35109
2051
ืื ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืœืขืกืงื™ื, ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
00:37
I'm at a business school, so that's what we do.
9
37184
2217
ืื– ื–ื• ื˜ืขื•ืช, ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื”,
00:39
So that's wrong,
10
39425
1153
00:40
and in fact, if you think that, you're just not spending it right.
11
40602
3223
ืืชื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ืจืื•ื™.
00:43
So instead of spending it the way you usually spend it,
12
43849
2648
ืื– ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
ืื•ืœื™ ืื ืชื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื• ืื•ืชื• ืื—ืจืช,
00:46
maybe if you spent it differently, that might work a little bit better.
13
46521
3487
ื–ื” ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื›ืš ืฉืชื”ื™ื• ืœืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ,
00:50
Before I tell you the ways you can spend it that will make you happier,
14
50032
3445
ื‘ืื• ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืืชื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ
00:53
let's think about the ways we usually spend it
15
53501
2183
ืฉืœื ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ืืชื›ื ืœืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
00:55
that don't, in fact, make us happier.
16
55708
1812
ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื˜ื‘ืขื™.
00:57
We had a little natural experiment.
17
57544
1736
ืœืคื ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื”, ื”ืชืคืจืกื ื‘-CNN ืžืืžืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ
00:59
So CNN, a little while ago, wrote this interesting article
18
59304
2783
ืฉืขืกืง ื‘ืžื” ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื•.
01:02
on what happens to people when they win the lottery.
19
62111
2492
01:04
It turns out people think when they win the lottery
20
64627
2438
ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื• ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื™ืฉืชืคืจื• ืคืœืื™ื.
01:07
their lives will be amazing.
21
67089
1357
ื”ืžืืžืจ ื”ื–ื” ืขืกืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื ื”ืจืกื•.
01:08
This article's about how their lives get ruined.
22
68470
2310
ืื– ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื•
01:10
What happens when people win the lottery
23
70804
1921
ื”ื•ื, ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ื ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช,
01:12
is, one, they spend all the money and go into debt;
24
72749
2398
ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™, ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื›ื™ืจื•
01:15
and two, all of their friends and everyone they've ever met
25
75171
3068
ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•ืžืฆื™ืงื™ื ืœื”ื ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœื›ืกืฃ.
01:18
find them and bug them for money.
26
78263
1745
ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ืจืก ืืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื”ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื”.
01:20
It ruins their social relationships, in fact.
27
80032
2172
ืื– ื”ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื’ืจื•ืขื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
01:22
So they have more debt and worse friendships
28
82228
2084
ืžืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื–ื›ื• ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื•.
01:24
than they had before they won the lottery.
29
84336
2027
ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืืžืจ
01:26
What was interesting about the article was,
30
86387
2020
ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœืžืืžืจ, ืืœื• ืฉืงืจืื• ืื•ืชื•.
01:28
people started commenting on the article, readers of the thing.
31
88431
2992
ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš
01:31
And instead of talking about how it made them realize
32
91447
2512
ืฉื”ืžืืžืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœื”ื‘ื ื” ื›ื™ ื›ืกืฃ ืœื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืื•ืฉืจ,
01:33
that money doesn't lead to happiness,
33
93983
1798
ื›ื•ืœื ืžื™ื“ ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื›ืชื•ื‘,
01:35
everyone started saying, "You know what I'd do if I won the lottery ...?"
34
95805
3444
"ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื•...?"
ื•ืœืคื ื˜ื– ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
01:39
and fantasizing about what they'd do.
35
99273
1799
ื•ื”ื ื” ืจืง ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืงืจืื ื• ืฉืžืื•ื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื.
01:41
Here's just two of the ones we saw that are interesting to think about.
36
101096
3370
ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ื›ืชื‘, "ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ืื–ื›ื”, ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืฉืœื™
01:44
One person wrote, "When I win, I'm going to buy my own little mountain
37
104490
3336
ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ื”ืจ."
01:47
and have a little house on top."
38
107850
1568
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:49
(Laughter)
39
109442
1315
01:50
And another person wrote, "I would fill a big bathtub with money
40
110781
3049
ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืชื‘, "ืื ื™ ืืžืœื ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื›ืกืฃ
01:53
and get in the tub while smoking a big fat cigar
41
113854
2240
ื•ืืฉื‘ ื‘ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืขืฉืŸ ืกื™ื’ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืฉืžืŸ,
ื•ืœื•ื’ื ืžื›ื•ืก ืฉืžืคื ื™ื”."
01:56
and sipping a glass of champagne."
42
116118
1846
01:57
This is even worse: "... then I'd have a picture taken
43
117988
2560
ื›ืขืช ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ื—ืžื•ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ: "ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื™ืฆืœืžื• ืชืžื•ื ื”
ื•ื™ืขืฉื• ืœื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืขืชืงื™ื ืžื‘ืจื™ืงื™ื.
02:00
and dozens of glossies made.
44
120572
1344
02:01
Anyone begging for money or trying to extort from me
45
121940
2496
ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืชื—ื ืŸ ืื• ื™ื ืกื” ืœืกื—ื•ื˜ ืžืžื ื™ ื›ืกืฃ
ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื”ืขืชืง ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”."
02:04
would receive a copy of the picture and nothing else."
46
124460
2751
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:07
(Laughter)
47
127235
2445
02:09
And so many of the comments were exactly of this type,
48
129704
2573
ื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื–ื”,
ื‘ื”ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ
02:12
where people got money and, in fact, it made them antisocial.
49
132301
3268
ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื ืื ื˜ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื.
02:15
So I told you it ruins people's lives and their friends bug them.
50
135593
3188
ืื– ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื›ื ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ื™ื” ื”ื•ืจืกืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืžืฆื™ืงื™ื ืœื”ื.
02:18
Also, money often makes us feel very selfish
51
138805
2192
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื›ืกืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžืื•ื“ ืื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื
ื•ืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืš ื•ืจืง ืœืžืขื ื ื•.
02:21
and we do things only for ourselves.
52
141021
1815
02:22
We thought maybe the reason money doesn't make us happy
53
142860
2616
ื•ืื ื• ื—ืฉื‘ื ื•, ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื›ืกืฃ ืœื ืขื•ืฉื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
ื”ื™ื ืฉืื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื,
02:25
is that we're spending it on the wrong things;
54
145500
2172
ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜, ืฉืื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื•.
02:27
in particular, we're always spending it on ourselves.
55
147696
2526
ื•ื—ืฉื‘ื ื•, ืžื” ื™ืงืจื” ืื
02:30
And we wondered what would happen
56
150246
1587
02:31
if we made people spend more of their money on others.
57
151857
2540
ื ื’ืจื•ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืœื”ื ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื.
ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื ื˜ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืขื ื›ืกืคื›ื,
02:34
So instead of being antisocial with your money,
58
154421
2223
02:36
what if you were more pro-social with it?
59
156668
2003
ืžื” ืื ืชื”ื™ื• ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคืจื•-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืขื ื›ืกืคื›ื?
02:38
We thought, let's make people do it and see what happens.
60
158695
2844
ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืš ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”.
ื ื™ืงื— ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืขืฉื• ืืช ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ
02:41
Let's have some people do what they usually do,
61
161563
2202
ื•ื™ื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื• ืืช ื›ืกืคื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื,
02:43
spend money on themselves,
62
163789
1278
ื•ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืชื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ,
02:45
and let's make some people give money away,
63
165091
2031
ื ืžื“ื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืื•ืฉืจ ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื ืจืื” ื”ืื ื”ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:47
and measure their happiness and see if, in fact, they get happier.
64
167146
3114
ืื– ื“ืจืš ืื—ืช ื‘ื” ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื”,
02:50
The first way we did this was, one Vancouver morning,
65
170284
2553
ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืจ, ื™ืฆืื ื• ืืœ ื”ืงืžืคื•ืก
02:52
we went out on the campus at University of British Columbia,
66
172861
2975
ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช
02:55
approached people and said, "Do you want to be in an experiment?"
67
175860
3064
ื•ื ื™ื’ืฉื ื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืืžืจื ื•, "ื”ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื ื™ืกื•ื™?"
ื”ื ืขื ื•, "ื›ืŸ."
02:58
They said, "Yes."
68
178948
1168
ืฉืืœื ื• ืื•ืชื ื›ืžื” ื”ื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื, ื•ืื– ื ืชื ื• ืœื”ื ืžืขื˜ืคื”.
03:00
We asked them how happy they were, and then gave them an envelope.
69
180140
3101
ื‘ืžืขื˜ืคื” ื”ื™ื” ืจืฉื•ื,
03:03
One of the envelopes had things in it that said,
70
183265
2314
"ืขื“ ืœืฉืขื” 17:00, ืขืœื™ืš ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืš."
03:05
"By 5pm today, spend this money on yourself."
71
185603
2995
ื•ื ืชื ื• ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ.
03:08
We gave some examples of what you could spend it on.
72
188622
2573
ืœืื—ืจื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื”ื™ื” ืจืฉื•ื
03:11
Other people got a slip of paper that said,
73
191219
2065
"ืขื“ ืœืฉืขื” 17:00, ืขืœื™ืš ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ."
03:13
"By 5pm today, spend this money on somebody else."
74
193308
3115
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืžื ื• ื‘ืžืขื˜ืคื” ื›ืกืฃ.
03:16
Also inside the envelope was money.
75
196447
2190
ื•ื•ื™ืกืชื ื• ืืช ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉื ืชื ื• ืœื”ื.
03:18
And we manipulated how much money we gave them;
76
198661
2211
ื—ืœืง ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื.
03:20
some people got this slip of paper and five dollars,
77
200896
2627
ืื—ืจื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื.
03:23
some got this slip of paper and 20 dollars.
78
203547
2612
ืฉื™ื—ืจืจื ื• ืื•ืชื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื”ืจื’ืœื. ื”ื ืขืฉื• ืžื” ืฉืจืฆื•.
03:26
We let them go about their day and do whatever they wanted.
79
206183
3007
ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ื›ื™ ื”ื ืื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ืจื ื• ืœื”ื.
03:29
We found out they did spend it in the way we asked them to.
80
209214
2977
ื”ืชืงืฉืจื ื• ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืืœื ื• ืื•ืชื,
03:32
We called them up and asked them, "What did you spend it on?
81
212215
2917
"ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ื•ืฆืืชื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ, ื•ื›ืžื” ืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื›ืขืช?"
03:35
How happy do you feel now?"
82
215156
1316
ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ?
03:36
What did they spend it on?
83
216496
1251
03:37
These are college undergrads;
84
217771
1397
ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื– ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื›ืš ืฉืืœื” ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื
03:39
a lot of what they spent it on for themselves
85
219192
2115
ืจื›ืฉื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืขื’ื™ืœื™ื ื•ืื™ืคื•ืจ.
03:41
were things like earrings and makeup.
86
221331
1796
ื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ืื—ืช ืืžืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืจื›ืฉื” ื‘ื•ื‘ืช ืคืจื•ื•ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืชื”.
03:43
One woman said she bought a stuffed animal for her niece.
87
223151
2679
ืื ืฉื™ื ื ืชื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืœื—ืกืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช.
03:45
People gave money to homeless people.
88
225854
1779
ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ Starbucks (ืจืฉืช ื‘ืชื™ ืงืคื”).
03:47
Huge effect here of Starbucks.
89
227657
2043
03:49
(Laughter)
90
229724
1724
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:51
So if you give undergraduates five dollars,
91
231472
2016
ืื– ืื ืืชื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื, ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื ืจืื” ืœื”ื ื›ืžื• ืงืคื”
03:53
it looks like coffee to them,
92
233512
1398
03:54
and they run over to Starbucks and spend it as fast as they can.
93
234934
3048
ื•ื”ื ืจืฆื™ื ืœ- Starbucks ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืจ.
ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื›ืฉื• ืงืคื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืขื•ืฉื™ื,
03:58
Some people bought coffee for themselves, the way they usually would,
94
238006
3310
ืื—ืจื™ื ืืžืจื• ืฉืจื›ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืงืคื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ.
04:01
but others bought coffee for somebody else.
95
241340
2119
ืื•ืชื” ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง,
04:03
So the very same purchase,
96
243483
1676
ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืื—ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฆืžืš
04:05
just targeted toward yourself or targeted toward somebody else.
97
245183
3314
ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื ื™ ืื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ.
04:08
What did we find when we called at the end of the day?
98
248521
2563
ืžื” ืžืฆืื ื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื ื• ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื•ื?
ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื ื ืขืฉื• ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:11
People who spent money on others got happier;
99
251108
2135
ืืฆืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื, ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืงืจื”.
04:13
people who spent it on themselves, nothing happened.
100
253267
2490
ื–ื” ืœื ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช, ืืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ืฉื™ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื“ื‘ืจ.
04:15
It didn't make them less happy, it just didn't do much for them.
101
255781
3028
ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืžืฆืื ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช.
04:18
The other thing we saw is the amount of money doesn't matter much.
102
258833
3103
ืื– ื”ื™ื• ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืขืฉืจื™ื ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื”ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืžื™ืฉื”.
04:21
People thought 20 dollars would be way better than five.
103
261960
2645
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืžื” ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื.
04:24
In fact, it doesn't matter how much money you spent.
104
264629
2457
ืžื” ืฉืžืฉื ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆืืชื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ
04:27
What really matters is that you spent it on somebody else
105
267110
2696
ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื›ื.
04:29
rather than on yourself.
106
269830
1171
ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘
04:31
We see this again and again
107
271025
1306
04:32
when we give people money to spend on others instead of on themselves.
108
272355
3358
ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืฉื™ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื.
04:35
Of course, these are undergraduates in Canada --
109
275737
2266
ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืงื ื“ื” --
ืœื ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
04:38
not the world's most representative population.
110
278027
2215
ื”ื ื’ื ื“ื™ ืืžื™ื“ื™ื, ื‘ืขืœื™ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
04:40
They're also fairly wealthy and affluent and other sorts of things.
111
280266
3154
ืจืฆื™ื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ื”ืื ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืชืงืฃ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื
04:43
We wanted to see if this holds true everywhere in the world
112
283444
2766
ืื• ืจืง ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืืžื™ื“ื•ืช.
04:46
or just among wealthy countries.
113
286234
1545
04:47
So we went to Uganda and ran a very similar experiment.
114
287803
2806
ืื– ื”ืœื›ื ื•, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืœืื•ื’ื ื“ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืฆืขื ื• ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืื•ื“.
ืื– ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื•, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืจืง ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืžืงื ื“ื”,
04:50
Imagine, instead of just people in Canada, we say,
115
290633
2353
ืืžืจื ื•, "ืกืคืจื• ืœื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื•ืฆืืชื ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื›ื ืื• ืื“ื ืื—ืจ.
04:53
"Name the last time you spent money on yourself or others.
116
293010
2758
ืชืืจื• ืืช ื”ืืจื•ืข. ื›ืžื” ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ืืชื›ื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื?"
04:55
Describe it. How happy did it make you?"
117
295792
1917
ืื• ื‘ืื•ื’ื ื“ื”, "ืกืคืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื•ืฆืืชื ื›ืกืฃ
04:57
Or in Uganda, "Name the last time you spent money on yourself or others
118
297733
3418
ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื›ื ืื• ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืชืืจื• ืืช ื”ืืจื•ืข."
05:01
and describe that."
119
301175
1157
ื•ืื– ืฉืืœื ื• ืื•ืชื ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืžื” ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื”ื.
05:02
Then we asked them how happy they are, again.
120
302356
2161
ื•ืžื” ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ื
05:04
And what we see is sort of amazing,
121
304541
1680
ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื ื ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืœื”ื
05:06
because there's human universals on what you do with your money,
122
306245
3045
ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื™ืฉื ื ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื™ื ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ.
05:09
and real cultural differences on what you do as well.
123
309314
2487
ืื– ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”,
05:11
So for example, one guy from Uganda says this:
124
311825
3304
ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ืžืื•ื’ื ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื.
ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ื”ืชืงืฉืจืชื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืœืื”ื•ื‘."
05:15
"I called a girl I wished to love."
125
315153
1876
ื”ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื™ืฆืื• ืœื“ื™ื™ื˜,
05:17
They basically went out on a date,
126
317053
1783
05:18
and he says at the end that he didn't "achieve" her up till now.
127
318860
3252
ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื "ื”ืฉื™ื’" ืื•ืชื” ืขื“ ืœืื•ืชื• ื”ืจื’ืข.
ื”ื ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžืงื ื“ื”.
05:22
(Laughter)
128
322136
1164
05:23
Here's a guy from Canada.
129
323324
1971
ืžืงืจื” ืžืื•ื“ ื“ื•ืžื”.
05:25
Very similar thing.
130
325319
1707
"ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ืœืืจื•ื—ืช ืขืจื‘.
05:27
"I took my girlfriend out for dinner.
131
327050
1991
ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืกืจื˜, ืขื–ื‘ื ื• ืžื•ืงื“ื,
05:29
We went to a movie, we left early,
132
329065
1841
05:30
and then went back to her room for ... cake," just cake.
133
330930
3799
ื•ืื– ื—ื–ืจื ื• ืืœื™ื” ืœื—ื“ืจ ืœ...ืจืง ืขื•ื’ื”" -- ื‘ืกืš ื”ื›ืœ ื—ืชื™ื›ืช ืขื•ื’ื”.
05:34
(Laughter)
134
334753
1354
ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ื ื›ืœืœ ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื -- ืืชื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื,
05:36
Human universal:
135
336131
1153
ืืชื ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื.
05:37
you spend money on others, you're being nice.
136
337308
2236
ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืื•ืœื™ ืœื.
05:39
Maybe you have something in mind, maybe not.
137
339568
2065
ืื‘ืœ ืื– ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื.
05:41
But then we see extraordinary differences.
138
341657
2052
ืื– ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื.
05:43
So look at these two.
139
343733
1153
05:44
This is a woman from Canada.
140
344910
1354
ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ืžืงื ื“ื”.
05:46
We say, "Name a time you spent money on somebody else."
141
346288
2576
ืื ื—ื ื• ืืžืจื ื•, "ืกืคืจื™ ืœื ื• ืขืœ ืคืขื ื‘ื” ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ."
05:48
She says, "I bought a present for my mom.
142
348888
1977
ื”ื™ื ืขื ืชื”, "ืื ื™ ืงื ื™ืชื™ ืžืชื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื™ืžื™.
05:50
I drove to the mall, bought a present, gave it to my mom."
143
350889
2726
ืื ื™ ื ืกืขืชื™ ืœืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœื™, ืงื ื™ืชื™ ืžืชื ื”, ื ืชืชื™ ืœืื™ืžื™."
ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืžื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
05:53
Perfectly nice thing to do.
144
353639
1303
05:54
It's good to get gifts for people you know.
145
354966
2055
ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืชืช ืžืชื ื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื.
ื”ืฉื•ื• ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ืžืื•ื’ื ื“ื”.
05:57
Compare that to this woman from Uganda:
146
357045
2332
"ืื ื™ ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื•ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘
05:59
"I was walking and met a longtime friend whose son was sick with malaria.
147
359401
3694
ืฉื‘ื ื” ื—ืœื” ื‘ืžืœืจื™ื”.
ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื›ืกืฃ, ื”ื ื”ืœื›ื• ืœืžืจืคืื” ื•ืื ื™ ื ืชืชื™ ืœื” ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื–ื”."
06:03
They had no money, they went to a clinic and I gave her this money."
148
363119
3374
ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืฉืจืช ืืœืคื™ื ื“ื•ืœืจ, ืืœื ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™.
06:06
This isn't $10,000, it's the local currency.
149
366517
2209
06:08
So it's a very small amount of money, in fact.
150
368750
2192
ืื– ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื›ืกืฃ ื–ืขื•ื, ืœืžืขืฉื”.
06:10
But enormously different motivations here.
151
370966
2109
ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ.
ื›ืืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš ืจืคื•ืื™ ืืžื™ืชื™,
06:13
This is a real medical need, literally a lifesaving donation.
152
373099
3528
ืชืจื•ืžื” ืžืฆื™ืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื•.
06:16
Above, it's just kind of, I bought a gift for my mother.
153
376651
2748
ืœืžืขืœื”, ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื, ืื ื™ ืงื ื™ืชื™ ืžืชื ื” ืœืื™ืžื™.
ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื•ื‘
06:19
What we see again, though,
154
379423
1611
ื–ื” ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ื‘ื” ืืชื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื
06:21
is that the specific way you spend on other people isn't nearly as important
155
381058
3650
ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืžื•
06:24
as the fact that you spend on other people in order to make yourself happy,
156
384732
3950
ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืืชื ื”ื•ืฆืืชื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื
ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืื•ืฉืจ,
06:28
which is really quite important.
157
388706
1559
ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘.
06:30
So you don't have to do amazing things with your money
158
390289
2541
ืื– ืืชื ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืขื ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื.
06:32
to make yourself happy.
159
392854
1151
ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืขื•ื˜ื™ื, ื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ืืœื™ื ื•ืขื ื–ืืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
06:34
You can do small, trivial things and still get the benefits from doing this.
160
394029
3603
ืืœื• ื‘ืกืš ื”ื›ืœ ืฉืชื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช.
06:37
These are only two countries.
161
397656
1409
ืจืฆื™ื ื• ืžื™ื“ืข ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœืœื›ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื,
06:39
We wanted to look at every country in the world if we could,
162
399089
2949
ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื”ื• ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืกืฃ ืœืื•ืฉืจ.
06:42
to see what the relationship is between money and happiness.
163
402062
2899
06:44
We got data from the Gallup Organization,
164
404985
1984
ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืืจื’ื•ืŸ Gallup,
06:46
which you know from all the political polls happening lately.
165
406993
2875
ืฉืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกืงืจื™ื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”.
06:49
They asked people, "Did you donate money to charity recently?"
166
409892
2933
ื”ื ืฉืืœื• ืื ืฉื™ื, "ื”ืื ืชืจืžืชื ื‘ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื›ืกืฃ ืœืฆื“ืงื”?"
ื•ืฉืืœื• ืื•ืชื, "ื›ืžื” ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ืืชื ืžื—ื™ื™ื›ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™?"
06:52
and, "How happy are you with life in general?"
167
412849
2173
ื•ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื.
06:55
We can see what the relationship is between those two things.
168
415046
2877
ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืžืชืื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™? ื ืชื™ื ืช ื›ืกืฃ ืขื•ืฉื” ืืชื›ื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื.
06:57
Are they positively correlated, giving money makes you happy?
169
417947
2912
ืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืžืชืื ืฉืœื™ืœื™?
07:00
Or are they negatively correlated?
170
420883
1640
ืขืœ ื”ืžืคื” ื”ื–ื•, ื™ืจื•ืง ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ืžืชืื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™
07:02
On this map, green will mean they're positively correlated,
171
422547
2795
ื•ืื“ื•ื ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืชืื ืฉืœื™ืœื™.
07:05
red means they're negatively correlated.
172
425366
1920
ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื•ืง ื‘ื˜ื™ืจื•ืฃ.
07:07
And you can see, the world is crazily green.
173
427310
2097
ืื– ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื
07:09
So in almost every country in the world where we have this data,
174
429431
3263
ืžืžื ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื,
07:12
people who give money to charity are happier people
175
432718
2457
ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืœืฆื“ืงื” ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื—ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
ืžืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืœืฆื“ืงื”.
07:15
than people who don't give money to charity.
176
435199
2130
ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื›ื•ืœื›ื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืื“ื•ืžื” ืฉื ื‘ืืžืฆืข.
07:17
I know you're looking at the red country in the middle.
177
437353
2614
07:19
I would be a jerk and not tell you what it is,
178
439991
2154
ืื ื™ ืื”ื™ื” ืœื ื ื—ืžื“ ืื ืœื ืืกืคืจ ืœื›ืŸ ืžื” ื–ื”,
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–-ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ืช.
07:22
but it's Central African Republic.
179
442169
1635
07:23
You can make up stories.
180
443828
1152
ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื›ื–ื• ืื• ืื—ืจืช.
07:25
Maybe it's different there for some reason.
181
445004
2012
ืื‘ืœ ืžืชื—ืช ืœืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื” ื•ืœื™ืžื™ื ื” ื™ืฉื ื” ืจื•ืื ื“ื”,
07:27
Just below that to the right is Rwanda, though,
182
447040
2214
ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ืจื•ืงื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
07:29
which is amazingly green.
183
449278
1214
ืื– ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ
07:30
So almost everywhere we look,
184
450516
1386
07:31
we see that giving money away makes you happier
185
451926
2433
ื ืจืื” ืฉื ืชื™ื ืช ื›ืกืฃ ืขื•ืฉื” ืืชื›ื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
ืžืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื.
07:34
than keeping it for yourself.
186
454383
1546
07:35
What about work, which is where we spend the rest of our time,
187
455953
2965
ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื›ื, ืฉื ืื ื• ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืฉืืจ ื–ืžื ื ื•
07:38
when we're not with the people we know.
188
458942
1862
ื›ืฉืื ื• ืœื ืขื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื.
07:40
We decided to infiltrate some companies and do a very similar thing.
189
460828
3223
ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœื”ืกืชื ืŸ ืœื›ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืื•ื“.
ืื– ืืœื• ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืœื’ื™ื”.
07:44
These are sales teams in Belgium.
190
464075
1805
07:45
They work in teams, go out and sell to doctors
191
465904
3049
ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื; ื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื•ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœืจื•ืคืื™ื,
ื•ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืชืจืคื•ืช.
07:48
and try to get them to buy drugs.
192
468977
1576
ืื– ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ืžื” ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืžื›ื™ืจื”
07:50
We can look and see how well they sell things
193
470577
2146
07:52
as a function of being a member of a team.
194
472747
2243
ื›ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžืงื‘ื•ืฆื”.
ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื, ื ืชื ื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ืกืฃ ืœืขืฆืžื
07:55
We give people on some teams some money
195
475014
2606
ื•ืืžืจื ื•, "ืชื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืื™ืš ืฉืชืจืฆื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื›ื,"
07:57
"Spend it however you want on yourself,"
196
477644
1964
ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ืขื ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืงื ื“ื”.
07:59
just like we did with the undergrads in Canada.
197
479632
2250
ืืš ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืืžืจื ื•, "ื”ื ื” 15 ืื™ืจื•.
08:01
To other teams we say, "Here's 15 euro. Spend it on one of your teammates.
198
481906
3670
ื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื• ืื•ืชื ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื›ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
ืจื›ืฉื• ืขื‘ื•ืจื ืžืชื ื” ื›ื–ื• ืื• ืื—ืจืช ื•ืชื ื• ืœื”ื ืื•ืชื”.
08:05
Buy them something as a gift and give it to them.
199
485600
2664
ื•ืื– ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช, ื‘ืขืฆื ื›ืขืช ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืฉืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื
08:08
Then we can see, we've got teams that spend on themselves
200
488288
2700
ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื”ืคืจื•-ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื
08:11
and these pro-social teams who we give money to make the team better.
201
491012
3771
ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืžืขื˜ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
08:14
The reason I have a ridiculous pinata there
202
494807
2029
ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืคื™ื ื™ื™ื˜ื” ืžื’ื•ื—ื›ืช ืฉื
08:16
is one team pooled their money and bought a pinata,
203
496860
2415
ื”ื™ื ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืืกืฃ ืืช ื›ืกืคื• ื•ืจื›ืฉ ืคื™ื ื™ื™ื˜ื”,
ื•ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชืงื‘ืฆื•, ืจื™ืกืงื• ืืช ื”ืคื™ื ื™ื™ื˜ื”, ื›ืœ ื”ืžืžืชืงื™ื ื ืคืœื• ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื”.
08:19
they smashed the pinata, the candy fell out and things like that.
204
499299
3081
ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื˜ื™ืคืฉื™ ื•ืชืคืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
08:22
A silly, trivial thing to do,
205
502404
1440
08:23
but think of the difference on a team that didn't do that at all,
206
503868
3305
ืื‘ืœ ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ื ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”,
ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ 15 ืื™ืจื•, ืฉื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื›ื™ืกื•,
08:27
that got 15 euro, put it in their pocket, maybe bought themselves a coffee,
207
507197
3574
ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืจื›ืฉื• ืœืขืฆืžื ืงืคื”,
08:30
or teams that had this pro-social experience
208
510795
2060
ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ืคืจื• ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื–ื•
08:32
where they bonded together to buy something and do a group activity.
209
512879
3291
ื‘ื” ื›ื•ืœื ื—ื‘ืจื• ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆืชื™ืช.
ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื”ื•ื, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืคืจื• ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืžื›ืจื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื
08:36
What we see is that the teams that are pro-social sell more stuff
210
516194
3069
ืžื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื›ืกืฃ ืจืง ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื.
08:39
than the teams that only got money for themselves.
211
519287
2395
ื•ื“ืจืš ืื—ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื”
08:41
One way to think of it is: for every 15 euro you give people for themselves,
212
521706
3643
ื”ื™ื ืฉืขืœ ื›ืœ 15 ืื™ืจื• ืฉืืชื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื,
ื”ื ืฉืžื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื›ื™ืกื, ื”ื ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื™ืชื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืฉืขืฉื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
08:45
they put it in their pocket and don't do anything different than before.
213
525373
3408
ืืชื ืœื ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ืžื›ืš ื›ืกืฃ.
08:48
You don't get money from that;
214
528805
1441
ืืชื ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืคืกื™ื“ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื ื”ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืœืชืคืงื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
08:50
you lose money, since it doesn't motivate them to perform better.
215
530270
3079
ืืš ื›ืฉืชื™ืชื ื• ืœื”ื 15 ืื™ืจื• ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืช,
08:53
But when you give them 15 euro to spend on their teammates,
216
533373
2802
ื”ื ื™ืชืคืงื“ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
08:56
they do so much better on their teams
217
536199
1774
ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืืชื ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฉืงืขืชื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื•.
08:57
that you actually get a huge win on investing this kind of money.
218
537997
3094
ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื™ ืฉืืชื ื‘ื˜ื— ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื›ื,
09:01
You're probably thinking to yourselves, this is all fine,
219
541115
2682
"ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืกื“ืจ,
09:03
but there's a context that's incredibly important for public policy,
220
543821
3203
ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื•ื™ื ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช
ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื”.
09:07
and I can't imagine it would work there.
221
547048
1914
ื•ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉื–ื” ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ืืŸ,
09:08
And if he doesn't show me that it works here,
222
548986
2107
ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ."
09:11
I don't believe anything he said.
223
551117
1614
ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืžื” ืฉืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื–ื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื“ื•ื“ื’'ื‘ื•ืœ (ืžื—ื ื™ื™ื).
09:12
I know what you're all thinking about are dodgeball teams.
224
552755
2787
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:15
(Laughter)
225
555566
1391
09:16
This was a huge criticism that we got,
226
556981
1855
ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื ื•,
09:18
that if you can't show it with dodgeball teams, this is all stupid.
227
558860
3181
ืฉืื ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื“ื•ื“ื’'ื‘ื•ืœ, ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ ื˜ื™ืคืฉื™.
ืื– ื”ืœื›ื ื• ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื“ื•ื“ื’'ื‘ื•ืœ
09:22
So we went and found these dodgeball teams and infiltrated them,
228
562065
4183
ื•ื”ืกืชื ื ื• ืืœื™ื”ืŸ.
ื•ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ.
09:26
and did the exact same thing as before.
229
566272
1878
ืื– ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช, ื ืชื ื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื›ืกืฃ, ื”ื ื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื• ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื.
09:28
So we give people on some teams money to spend on themselves.
230
568174
2920
ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื ืชื ื• ืœื”ื ื›ืกืฃ
09:31
Other teams, we give them money to spend on their dodgeball teammates.
231
571118
3718
ืฉื™ื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื• ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื”.
09:34
The teams that spend money on themselves
232
574860
1976
ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื
09:36
have the same winning percentages as before.
233
576860
2186
ื”ื™ื” ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื–ื›ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื ืชื ื• ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื• ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื”,
09:39
The teams we give the money to spend on each other
234
579070
2419
ื”ืŸ ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ
09:41
become different teams;
235
581513
1155
09:42
they dominate the league by the time they're done.
236
582692
2551
ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืŸ ืฉืœื˜ื• ื‘ืœื™ื’ื” ืขื“ ืฉืกื™ื™ืžื•.
ืœืจื•ื—ื‘ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• --
09:45
Across all of these different contexts --
237
585267
2009
ื—ื™ื™ื›ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื, ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื›ื,
09:47
your personal life, you work life, even things like intramural sports --
238
587300
3608
ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื™ืคืฉื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ --
09:50
we see spending on other people has a bigger return for you
239
590932
2810
ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืœื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื
ืžื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื›ื.
09:53
than spending on yourself.
240
593766
1974
09:55
So if you think money can't buy happiness, you're not spending it right.
241
595764
3801
ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืš, ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื›ืกืฃ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื ื•ืช ืื•ืฉืจ
ืืชื ืœื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ืจืื•ื™.
09:59
The implication isn't you should buy this product instead of that product,
242
599589
3580
ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืžื•ืฆืจ ืื—ื“ ื•ืœื ืื—ืจ
ื•ื›ืš ืชื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:03
and that's the way to make yourself happier.
243
603193
2130
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘
10:05
It's that you should stop thinking about which product to buy for yourself,
244
605347
3635
ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื” ืžื•ืฆืจ ืชืงื ื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื
ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ืœืชืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื›ืกืฃ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
10:09
and try giving some of it to other people instead.
245
609006
2830
10:11
And we luckily have an opportunity for you.
246
611860
2504
ื•ื‘ืžื–ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื.
10:14
DonorsChoose.org is a nonprofit for mainly public school teachers
247
614388
4070
DonorsChoose.org ื”ื™ื ื• ืืจื’ืŸ ืœืœื ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื—
ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื ืžื•ื›ื”.
10:18
in low-income schools.
248
618482
1433
10:19
They post projects like,
249
619939
1293
ื”ื ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื,
10:21
"I want to teach Huckleberry Finn and we don't have the books,"
250
621256
3020
ืื– ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ืืงืœื‘ืจื™ ืคื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื™ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื,"
ืื• "ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืค ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืžื“ืขื™ื
10:24
or, "I want a microscope to teach my students science
251
624300
2486
ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืค."
10:26
and we don't have a microscope."
252
626810
1529
ืืชื ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื.
10:28
You and I can go on and buy it for them.
253
628363
1951
ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืจื•ืฉื ืœื›ื ืžื›ืชื‘ ืชื•ื“ื”. ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืจื•ืฉืžื™ื ืœื›ื ืžื›ืชื‘ ืชื•ื“ื”.
10:30
The teacher and the kids write you thank-you notes,
254
630338
2475
10:32
sometimes they send pictures of them using the microscope.
255
632837
2813
ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื ื™ืฉืœื—ื• ืœื›ื ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืค.
ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ.
10:35
It's an extraordinary thing.
256
635674
1346
ื”ื›ื ืกื• ืœืืชืจ ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืงื—ืช ื—ืœืง ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš
10:37
Go to the website and start yourself on the process of thinking
257
637044
3116
ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืฉื•ื‘, ืคื—ื•ืช "ืื™ืš ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™?"
10:40
less about "How can I spend money on myself?"
258
640184
2104
ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ "ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื™ 5 ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ืื• 15 ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื,
10:42
and more about "If I've got five dollars or 15 dollars,
259
642312
2857
ืžื” ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืคื™ืง ืชื•ืขืœืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื?"
10:45
what can I do to benefit other people?"
260
645193
2145
ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืฉืชืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื”, ืืชื ืชื’ืœื• ืฉื”ืคืงืชื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชื•ืขืœืช ืžื”ืžืขืฉื”.
10:47
Ultimately, when you do that, you'll find you benefit yourself much more.
261
647362
3486
ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
10:50
Thank you.
262
650872
1191
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
10:52
(Applause)
263
652087
1403
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7