The walk from "no" to "yes" | William Ury

725,920 views ใƒป 2010-12-01

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Guy Ernest ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ืงืฉื”
00:16
Well, the subject of difficult negotiation
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00:18
reminds me of one of my favorite stories from the Middle East,
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ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืืช ืื—ื“ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™
ืžื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ,
00:22
of a man who left to his three sons, 17 camels.
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ืขืœ ืื“ื ืฉื”ื•ืจื™ืฉ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื‘ื ื™ื• 17 ื’ืžืœื™ื
ื•ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืจื™ืฉ ื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ื’ืžืœื™ื
00:26
To the first son, he left half the camels;
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00:28
to the second son, he left a third of the camels;
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ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืจื™ืฉ ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื”ื’ืžืœื™ื
00:30
and to the youngest son, he left a ninth of the camels.
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ื•ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืจื™ืฉ ืชืฉื™ืขื™ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืœื™ื
ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ
00:33
The three sons got into a negotiation -- 17 doesn't divide by two.
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17 ืื™ื ื• ืžืชื—ืœืง ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื
ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืชื—ืœืง ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ
00:37
It doesn't divide by three.
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00:38
It doesn't divide by nine.
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ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืชื—ืœืง ืœืชืฉืข
00:40
Brotherly tempers started to get strained.
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ื”ืื—ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืชืขืฆื‘ืŸ
00:42
Finally, in desperation,
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื‘ื™ืื•ืฉื,
00:44
they went and they consulted a wise old woman.
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ื”ื ื”ืœื›ื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ืื™ืฉื” ื–ืงื ื” ื•ื—ื›ืžื”
00:47
The wise old woman thought about their problem for a long time,
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ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ืงื ื” ื•ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื—ืฉื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘
ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื ื—ื–ืจื” ื•ืืžืจื”
00:50
and finally she came back and said, "Well, I don't know if I can help you,
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"ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืื ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื
ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ืื ืชืจืฆื•, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื’ืžืœ ืฉืœื™"
00:54
but at least, if you want, you can have my camel."
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ืื– ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื 18 ื’ืžืœื™ื
00:56
So then, they had 18 camels.
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ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืงื— ืืช ื”ื—ืฆื™ ืฉืœื• - ื—ืฆื™ ืž-18 ื”ื•ื 9
00:58
The first son took his half -- half of 18 is nine.
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ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœืงื— ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืฉืœื• - ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืฉืœ 18 ื”ื•ื 6
01:01
The second son took his third -- a third of 18 is six.
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01:03
The youngest son took his ninth -- a ninth of 18 is two.
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ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืงื— ืืช ื”ืชืฉื™ืขื™ืช ืฉืœื•
ืชืฉื™ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ 18 ื”ื™ื 2
01:07
You get 17.
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ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื 17
01:09
They had one camel left over.
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ื ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื ื’ืžืœ ืื—ื“
01:11
They gave it back to the wise old woman.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ืงื ื” ื•ื”ื—ื›ืžื”
01:13
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:15
Now, if you think about that story for a moment,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืœืจื’ืข
01:17
I think it resembles a lot of the difficult negotiations
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื“ื•ืžื”
ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืฉืื™ื ื•ืžืชื ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื
01:21
we get involved in.
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01:22
They start off like 17 camels, no way to resolve it.
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ื”ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืขื 17 ื’ืžืœื™ื - ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš ืœื™ืฉื‘ ืืช ื–ื”
01:24
Somehow, what we need to do
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ืื™ืš ืฉื”ื•ื, ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช
01:26
is step back from those situations, like that wise old woman,
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ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื›ืžื• ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ืงื ื” ื•ื”ื—ื›ืžื”
ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
01:30
look at the situation through fresh eyes
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ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื’ืžืœ ื”-18
01:32
and come up with an 18th camel.
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01:35
Finding that 18th camel in the world's conflicts
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื’ืžืœ ื”-18 ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื
01:37
has been my life passion.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื
01:40
I basically see humanity a bit like those three brothers.
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ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืงืฆืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืื—ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
01:43
We're all one family.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืื—ืช
01:45
We know that scientifically,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื“ืขื™ืช
01:47
thanks to the communications revolution,
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ืชื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืžื”ืคื›ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
01:49
all the tribes on the planet -- all 15,000 tribes --
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ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘, ื›ืœ 15,000 ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื
01:52
are in touch with each other.
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ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™
01:55
And it's a big family reunion.
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ื•ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœ
01:57
And yet, like many family reunions,
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ืžื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช
01:59
it's not all peace and light.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืื•ืจ
02:01
There's a lot of conflict,
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื
02:03
and the question is: How do we deal with our differences?
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ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื
ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื ื•
02:07
How do we deal with our deepest differences,
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ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ ื”ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•
02:09
given the human propensity for conflict
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ื‘ื”ื ืชืŸ ื”ื ื˜ื™ื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœืกื™ื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื
ื•ื”ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช
02:12
and the human genius at devising weapons of enormous destruction?
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ื‘ื”ืžืฆืืช ื›ืœื™ ื ืฉืง ืœื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช
02:16
That's the question.
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ื–ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื”
02:18
As I've spent the last better part of three decades, almost four,
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืืจื™ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื
ื›ืžืขื˜ ืืจื‘ืขื”
02:23
traveling the world,
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ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื
02:25
trying to work, getting involved in conflicts
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ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื
02:28
ranging from Yugoslavia to the Middle East
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ืžื™ื•ื’ื•ืกืœื‘ื™ื” ืœืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
ืœืฆ'ืฆ'ื ื™ื”, ืœื•ื•ื ืฆื•ืืœื”
02:32
to Chechnya to Venezuela --
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02:33
some of the most difficult conflicts on the face of the planet --
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ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืกื™ื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื
02:36
I've been asking myself that question.
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ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ืืช
ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžืฆืืชื™, ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช,
02:39
And I think I've found, in some ways, what is the secret to peace.
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ืžื”ื• ื”ืกื•ื“ ืœืฉืœื•ื
02:42
It's actually surprisingly simple.
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ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืคืชื™ืขื”
02:45
It's not easy, but it's simple.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืงืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜
02:48
It's not even new.
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ื–ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื—ื“ืฉ
02:49
It may be one of our most ancient human heritages.
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ื–ื” ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืื—ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื•ืช ื”ืขืชื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•
ื”ืกื•ื“ ืœืฉืœื•ื ื”ื•ื ืื ื—ื ื•
02:53
The secret to peace is us.
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02:55
It's us who act as a surrounding community around any conflict,
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ื–ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื
ื›ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืงื™ืคื”
ื›ืœ ืกื™ื›ืกื•ืš
03:01
who can play a constructive role.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื—ืง ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื‘ื•ื ื”
03:03
Let me give you just a story, an example.
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ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ, ื“ื•ื’ืžื
03:07
About 20 years ago,
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›-20 ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื”
03:08
I was in South Africa, working with the parties in that conflict,
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ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขื ื”ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืกื™ื›ืกื•ืš
03:11
and I had an extra month,
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื•ืกืฃ
03:12
so I spent some time living with several groups of San Bushmen.
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ืื– ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื—ื™ืฆืช
ืžืกืคืจ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืกืืŸ ื‘ื•ืฉืžืŸ
03:17
I was curious about them, about the way in which they resolve conflict.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืกืงืจืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ื, ื•ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื ืคื•ืชืจื™ื ืกื™ื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื
03:21
Because, after all, within living memory, they were hunters and gatherers,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ, ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื‘ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ ืฉืœื”ื
ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืœืงื˜ื™ื
03:25
living pretty much like our ancestors lived
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ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืื“ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื—ื™ื• ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื
03:27
for maybe 99 percent of the human story.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืื•ืœื™ 99% ืžื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช
03:30
And all the men have these poison arrows that they use for hunting --
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ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ื—ืฆื™ื ืžื•ืจืขืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืœืฆื™ื™ื“
03:33
absolutely fatal.
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ืงื˜ืœื ื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ
03:35
So how do they deal with their differences?
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ืื– ืื™ืš ื”ื ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ืกื™ื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื
03:37
Well, what I learned is, whenever tempers rise in those communities,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™
ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ืžืชื— ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
03:42
someone goes and hides the poison arrows out in the bush,
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžื—ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืฆื™ื ื”ืžื•ืจืขืœื™ื ื”ืจื—ืง ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื™ื
03:45
and then everyone sits around in a circle like this,
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ื•ืื– ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืขื’ืœ ื›ื›ื”
03:49
and they sit and they talk and they talk.
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ื•ื”ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื
03:52
It may take two days, three days, four days,
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื, ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื, ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื
03:54
but they don't rest until they find a resolution
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ื ื—ื™ื
ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืคื™ืชืจื•ืŸ
03:58
or better yet -- a reconciliation.
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ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ืชืคื™ื™ืกื•ืช
04:00
And if tempers are still too high,
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ื•ืื ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื
04:02
then they send someone off to visit some relatives,
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ื”ื ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืœื‘ืงืจ ืื™ื–ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื”
04:04
as a cooling-off period.
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ื›ืชืงื•ืคืช ืฆื™ื ื•ืŸ
04:06
Well, that system is, I think, probably the system
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ื–ืืช
ื”ื™ื, ืœื“ืขืชื™, ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืฉื”ืฉืื™ืจื” ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืขื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•
04:09
that kept us alive to this point,
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04:11
given our human tendencies.
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ื‘ื”ื ืชืŸ ื”ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
ืœืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
04:14
That system, I call "the third side."
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”
04:17
Because if you think about it, normally when we think of conflict,
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื™ืžื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืืจื™ื ืื•ืชื•,
04:20
when we describe it,
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04:21
there's always two sides --
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ื™ืฉ ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉื ื™ ืฆื“ื“ื™ื
04:23
it's Arabs versus Israelis, labor versus management,
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ื–ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื”
04:25
husband versus wife, Republicans versus Democrats.
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ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื ื’ื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื”, ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื ื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื
04:28
But what we don't often see
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื
04:30
is that there's always a third side,
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ื–ื” ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
ื•ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื–ื” ืื ื—ื ื•
04:33
and the third side of the conflict is us, it's the surrounding community,
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ื–ื” ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืžืงื™ืคื”
04:36
it's the friends, the allies,
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ื–ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช
04:38
the family members, the neighbors.
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ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื”ืฉื›ื ื™ื
04:40
And we can play an incredibly constructive role.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื—ืง ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื‘ื•ื ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื
04:43
Perhaps the most fundamental way in which the third side can help
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ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ
04:48
is to remind the parties of what's really at stake.
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ื–ื” ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืžื”ื• ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™
04:51
For the sake of the kids, for the sake of the family,
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ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”
ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“
04:54
for the sake of the community, for the sake of the future,
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04:56
let's stop fighting for a moment and start talking.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ืœื—ื ืœืจื’ืข ื•ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ
ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”
05:00
Because, the thing is,
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05:01
when we're involved in conflict,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืžื•ืช
05:03
it's very easy to lose perspective.
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ื–ื” ืžืื“ ืงืœ ืœืื‘ื“ ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื”
05:05
It's very easy to react.
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ื–ื” ืžืื“ ืงืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘
05:07
Human beings -- we're reaction machines.
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ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื: ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”
05:10
And as the saying goes,
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ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื
05:12
when angry, you will make the best speech
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืขืฆื‘ื ื™, ืืชื” ืชื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ื ืื•ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:14
you will ever regret.
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ืฉืชืชื—ืจื˜ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืขื•ืœื
05:16
(Laughter)
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05:17
And so the third side reminds us of that.
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ื•ืื– ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืืช ื–ื”
05:20
The third side helps us go to the balcony,
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ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื ื• ืœืฆืืช ืœืžืจืคืกืช
05:22
which is a metaphor for a place of perspective,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื”ืžืฉืœื” ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื”
05:25
where we can keep our eyes on the prize.
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ื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืก
05:28
Let me tell you a little story from my own negotiating experience.
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ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืงืฆืจ ืžื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ
05:31
Some years ago, I was involved as a facilitator in some very tough talks
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื›ืžืชื•ื•ืš
ื‘ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืžืื“ ืงืฉื•ืช
05:36
between the leaders of Russia and the leaders of Chechnya.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ืกื™ื”
ื•ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆ'ืฆ'ื ื™ื”
05:40
There was a war going on, as you know.
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ื”ืชื—ื•ืœืœื” ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืคื’ืฉื ื• ื‘ื”ืื’
05:43
And we met in the Hague, in the Peace Palace,
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ื‘ืืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื•ื
05:46
in the same room where the Yugoslav war-crimes tribunal was taking place.
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื—ื“ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ืชื ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืœ ืคืฉืขื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”
ื‘ื™ื•ื’ื•ืกืœื‘ื™ื”
05:51
And the talks got off to a rather rocky start
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ื”ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื ืชืงืขื• ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ื“ื™ ืกืœืขื™ืช
ื›ืืฉืจ ืกื’ืŸ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆ'ืฆ'ื ื™ื”
05:54
when the vice president of Chechnya began by pointing at the Russians
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ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื ื•ืืžืจ
05:57
and said, "You should stay right here in your seats,
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"ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืืจ ืžืžืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื›ืกืื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื
06:00
because you're going to be on trial for war crimes."
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืคื˜ ืขืœ ืคืฉืขื™ ืžืœื—ืžื”"
ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš, ื•ื”ื•ื ืคื ื” ืืœื™ื™ ื•ืืžืจ
06:03
And then he turned to me and said,
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06:04
"You're an American.
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"ืืชื” ืืžืจื™ืงืื™
06:06
Look at what you Americans are doing in Puerto Rico."
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ืชืกืชื›ืœ ืžื” ืืชื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืจื™ืงื•
06:09
And my mind started racing, "Puerto Rico? What do I know about Puerto Rico?"
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ื•ื”ืจืืฉ ืฉืœื™ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื“ื”ื•ืจ "ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืจื™ืงื•? ืžื” ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืขืœ ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืจื™ืงื•?""
ืื ื™ ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘
06:13
I started reacting.
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06:14
(Laughter)
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื–ื›ืจ ืœืฆืืช ืœืžืจืคืกืช
06:15
But then, I tried to remember to go to the balcony.
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ื•ืื– ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืกื™ืง
06:18
And then when he paused
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06:19
and everyone looked at me for a response,
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ื™ ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
06:21
from a balcony perspective, I was able to thank him for his remarks
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ืžืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืจืคืกืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉืœื•
06:24
and say, "I appreciate your criticism of my country
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ื•ืœื•ืžืจ "ืื ื™ ืžืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื™,
06:27
and I take it as a sign that we're among friends
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื–ื” ื›ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื
ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืคืชื•ื—ื” ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™
06:30
and can speak candidly to one another."
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06:32
(Laughter)
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืœื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืจื™ืงื• ืื• ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจ
06:33
"And what we're here to do is not to talk about Puerto Rico or the past.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžื•ืฆื
06:36
We're here to see if we can figure out a way
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06:38
to stop the suffering and the bloodshed in Chechnya."
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ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื‘ืœ ื•ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื™ื ื‘ืฆ'ืฆ'ื ื™ื”"
ื”ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืžืกืœื•ืœ
06:42
The conversation got back on track.
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06:44
That's the role of the third side,
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ื–ื” ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
06:46
to help the parties go to the balcony.
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ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืœืฆืืช ืœืžืจืคืกืช
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœืงื—ืช ืืชื›ื ืœืจื’ืข
06:49
Now let me take you, for a moment,
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06:51
to what's widely regarded as the world's most difficult conflict,
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ืœืžื” ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืกื™ื›ืกื•ืš ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื
ื”ืกื™ื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืกืจ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™
06:54
or the most impossible conflict, the Middle East.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
06:56
Question is: where's the third side there?
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื: ืื™ืคื” ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉื?
07:00
How could we possibly go to the balcony?
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ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœืฆืืช ืœืžืจืคืกืช
07:02
Now, I don't pretend to have an answer to the Middle East conflict,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืชื™ื™ืžืจ ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
ืœืกื›ืกื•ืš ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
07:06
but I think I've got a first step -- literally, a first step --
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืฆืขื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื• ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
07:10
something that any one of us could do as third-siders.
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
07:13
Let me just ask you one question first.
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ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืชื›ื ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ ืฉืืœื” ืื—ืช
07:15
How many of you in the last years
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ื›ืžื” ืžื›ื
ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
ืžืฆืื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื“ื•ืื’ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
07:20
have ever found yourself worrying about the Middle East
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ื•ืชื•ื”ื™ื ืžื” ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช?
07:23
and wondering what anyone could do?
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07:24
Just out of curiosity, how many of you?
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืชื•ืš ืกืงืจื ื•ืช, ื›ืžื” ืžื›ื?
07:26
OK, so the great majority of us.
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ืื• ืงื™, ืื– ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืฉืœื›ื
07:29
And here, it's so far away.
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ื•ื›ืืŸ, ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื›ืืŸ
07:31
Why do we pay so much attention to this conflict?
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ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืœืกื›ืกื•ืš ื”ื–ื”?
07:34
Is it the number of deaths?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืžืงืจื™ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช?
07:36
There are a hundred times more people who die in a conflict in Africa
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื™ ืžืื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื™ื
ื‘ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื” ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
07:39
than in the Middle East.
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07:40
No, it's because of the story,
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ืœื, ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ
07:42
because we feel personally involved in that story.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ืช
ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”
07:46
Whether we're Christians, Muslims or Jews, religious or non-religious,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื, ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ืื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื
ื“ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ื“ืชื™ื™ื
07:50
we feel we have a personal stake in it.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื‘ื•
07:52
Stories matter;
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ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื, ื›ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’, ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืืช ื–ื”
07:53
as an anthropologist, I know that.
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07:55
Stories are what we use to transmit knowledge.
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ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื™ื“ืข
ื”ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
07:59
They give meaning to our lives.
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08:00
That's what we tell here at TED, we tell stories.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื˜ื“, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื
ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื”ืžืคืชื—
08:03
Stories are the key.
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08:04
And so my question is --
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ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื
08:07
yes, let's try and resolve the politics there in the Middle East,
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ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื ืกื” ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื•ืช
ืฉื ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
08:11
but let's also take a look at the story.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ
08:14
Let's try to get at the root of what it's all about.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื ืกื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ
08:16
Let's see if we can apply the third side to it.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืจืื” ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ื•
ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ? ืžื”ื• ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉื?
08:19
What would that mean? What is the story there?
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ื›ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื
08:22
Now, as anthropologists, we know that every culture has an origin story.
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ืฉืœื›ืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช
08:26
What's the origin story of the Middle East?
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ืžื”ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
08:28
In a phrase, it's:
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ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ืื—ื“ ื–ื”:
08:30
Four thousand years ago,
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"ืœืคื ื™ 4,000 ืฉื ื”, ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืœืš ืขื ืžืฉืคื—ืชื•
08:31
a man and his family walked across the Middle East,
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ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
08:35
and the world has never been the same since.
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ื•ืžืื– ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ
ื”ืื“ื ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ
08:39
That man, of course, was Abraham.
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ื”ื™ื” ืื‘ืจื”ื
08:42
And what he stood for was unity, the unity of the family;
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืžื“ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื™ื” ืื™ื—ื•ื“
ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”
08:46
he's the father of us all.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืื‘ื ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื•
08:48
But it's not just what he stood for, it's what his message was.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืžื“ ืขืœื™ื•, ื–ื” ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืกืจ ืฉืœื•
ื”ืžืกืจ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืฉืœื• ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื™ื—ื•ื“
08:51
His basic message was unity too,
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08:53
the interconnectedness of it all, the unity of it all.
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ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœ
08:56
And his basic value was respect,
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ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“
08:59
was kindness toward strangers.
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ื”ื™ื” ืื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื–ืจื™ื
09:01
That's what he's known for, his hospitality.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ื•, ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืฉืœื•
ืื– ื”ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
09:05
So in that sense,
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09:06
he's the symbolic third side of the Middle East.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืกืžืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
09:10
He's the one who reminds us that we're all part of a greater whole.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืื—ื“ ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื•
ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืฉืœื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ
09:15
Now, think about that for a moment.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืชื -
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ืœืจื’ืข
09:19
Today, we face the scourge of terrorism.
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ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืชืงืคื•ืช ื˜ืจื•ืจ
09:22
What is terrorism?
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ืžื”ื• ื˜ืจื•ืจ?
09:24
Terrorism is basically taking an innocent stranger
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ื˜ืจื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื• ืœืงื—ืช ื–ืจ ื—ืฃ ืžืคืฉืข
09:27
and treating them as an enemy whom you kill in order to create fear.
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ื•ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื• ื›ืื•ื™ื‘ ืฉืืชื” ื”ื•ืจื’
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืคื—ื“
09:32
What's the opposite of terrorism?
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ืžื”ื• ื”ื”ืคืš ืฉืœ ื˜ืจื•ืจ
ื–ื” ืœืงื—ืช ื–ืจ ื—ืฃ ืžืคืฉืข
09:35
It's taking an innocent stranger
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09:36
and treating them as a friend whom you welcome into your home,
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ื•ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื• ื›ื—ื‘ืจ
ืื•ืชื• ืืชื” ืžื›ื ื™ืก ื›ืื•ืจื— ืœืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืชืš
09:41
in order to sow and create understanding
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื˜ื•ื•ืช ื•ืœื™ืฆืจ ื”ื‘ื ื”
ืื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืื• ืื”ื‘ื”
09:44
or respect, or love.
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09:46
So what if, then, you took the story of Abraham,
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ืื– ืžื” ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื
ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื
09:51
which is a third-side story,
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
09:53
what if that could be --
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ืžื” ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
09:55
because Abraham stands for hospitality --
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืื•ืจื—ื™ื
09:58
what if that could be an antidote to terrorism?
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ืžื” ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืจื•ืคืช ื ื’ื“ ืœื˜ืจื•ืจ
10:01
What if that could be a vaccine against religious intolerance?
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ืžื” ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ
ื ื’ื“ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื“ืชื™ืช?
10:05
How would you bring that story to life?
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ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื?
10:08
Now, it's not enough just to tell a story.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื–ื” ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืจืง ืœืกืคืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ
ื–ื” ื—ื–ืง -
10:11
That's powerful, but people need to experience the story.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ
10:14
They need to be able to live the story.
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ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ. ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”?
10:16
How would you do that?
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10:17
And that was my thinking of how would you do that.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช
10:20
And that's what comes to the first step here.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืขื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื›ืืŸ
10:22
Because the simple way to do that is:
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”
ื”ื™ื ืœืฆืืช ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื”
10:25
you go for a walk.
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10:26
You go for a walk in the footsteps of Abraham.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื
10:30
You retrace the footsteps of Abraham.
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ืืชื ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื
10:33
Because walking has a real power.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืœื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื™ืฉ ื›ื•ื— ืืžื™ืชื™
10:36
You know, as an anthropologist, walking is what made us human.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื›ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’, ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื” ืฉืขืฉืชื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื
10:39
It's funny -- when you walk, you walk side-by-side,
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ื–ื” ืžืฆื—ื™ืง, ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื
ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืฆื“ ื‘ืฆื“
10:43
in the same common direction.
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ
10:46
Now if I were to come to you face-to-face
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื›ื ืคื ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืคื ื™ื
10:48
and come this close to you,
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ื•ืžื’ื™ืข ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ื›ื
10:50
you would feel threatened.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื™ืžื™ื
10:54
But if I walk shoulder-to-shoulder,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ื›ืชืฃ ืืœ ื›ืชืฃ
ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ืชืคื™ื™ื ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช
10:57
even touching shoulders,
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10:58
it's no problem.
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ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื™ื”
11:00
Who fights while they walk?
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ืžื™ ื ืœื—ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื?
11:02
That's why in negotiations, often, when things get tough,
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ืœื›ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืกืชื‘ื›ื™ื
11:05
people go for walks in the woods.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™ืขืจื•ืช
11:07
So the idea came to me of, what about inspiring a path,
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ืื– ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืœื™
ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืกืœื•ืœ, ื“ืจืš
ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ ื”ืฉืจืื”
11:13
a route -- think the Silk Route, think the Appalachian Trail --
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืฉื™, ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืืคืœืฆ'ื™ืื ื™ --
11:16
that followed in the footsteps of Abraham?
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ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช
ืื‘ืจื”ื
ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ื–ื” ืฉื’ืขื•ืŸ, ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ
11:21
People said, "That's crazy. You can't.
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11:22
You can't retrace the footsteps of Abraham -- it's too insecure,
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ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ
11:25
you've got to cross all these borders,
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืฆื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
11:27
it goes across 10 different countries in the Middle East,
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ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ื“ืจืš 10 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื” ืžืื—ื“ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื"
11:30
because it unites them all."
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ืื– ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื”ืจื•ื•ืจื“
11:32
And so we studied the idea at Harvard.
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ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœื ื•
11:34
We did our due diligence.
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11:35
And then a few years ago,
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ื•ืื– ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื, ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื ื•
11:36
a group of us, about 25 of us from 10 different countries,
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ื‘ืขืจืš 25 ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืžื‘ืขืจืš 10 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช
11:39
decided to see if we could retrace the footsteps of Abraham,
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ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื
ืœืœื›ืช ืžืžืงื•ื ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื• ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืื•ืจืคื”
11:42
going from his initial birthplace in the city of Urfa
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ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ื˜ื•ืจืงื™ื”, ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ืคื•ื˜ืžื™ื”
11:45
in Southern Turkey, Northern Mesopotamia.
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11:47
And we then took a bus and took some walks
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ืื– ืœืงื—ื ื• ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก ื•ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื›ืžื” ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช
11:50
and went to Harran, where, in the Bible, he sets off on his journey.
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ื•ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœื—ืจืŸ
ืฉื ื‘ืชื "ืš, ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื ืœืžืกืขื•
11:55
Then we crossed the border into Syria, went to Aleppo,
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ืื– ื—ืฆื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืœืกื•ืจื™ื”, ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืฆื•ื‘ื”
11:57
which, turns out, is named after Abraham.
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ืฉื”ืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืงืจื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ืฉื ืื‘ืจื”ื
11:59
We went to Damascus,
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ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœื“ืžืฉืง
12:01
which has a long history associated with Abraham.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื” ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืื‘ืจื”ื
ืื– ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืฆืคื•ืŸ ื™ืจื“ืŸ
12:04
We then came to Northern Jordan,
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12:06
to Jerusalem -- which is all about Abraham -- to Bethlehem,
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ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื
ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื” ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืื‘ืจื”ื, ืœื‘ื™ืช ืœื—ื
12:11
and finally, to the place where he's buried, in Hebron.
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ื•ืœืกื™ื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืจ
ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ
12:15
So effectively, we went from womb to tomb.
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ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืžืจื—ื ืœืงื‘ืจ
12:17
We showed it could be done.
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ื”ื•ื›ื—ื ื• ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืข ืžื“ื”ื™ื
12:18
It was an amazing journey.
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12:20
Let me ask you a question.
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ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืชื›ื ืฉืืœื”
12:22
How many of you have had the experience of being in a strange neighborhood
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ืœื›ืžื” ืžื›ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื”
ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ื–ืจื”
12:26
or strange land,
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ืื• ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื–ืจื”
12:28
and a total stranger, perfect stranger,
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ื•ื–ืจ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜, ื–ืจ ืžื•ืฉืœื
ื‘ื ืืœื™ื›ื ื•ื”ืจืื” ืงืฆืช ืื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช
12:32
comes up to you and shows you some kindness --
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12:34
maybe invites you into their home, gives you a drink,
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ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื ืืœื™ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”, ื ืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืœืฉืชื•ืช
ื ืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืงืคื”, ื ืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืืจื•ื—ื”?
12:37
gives you a coffee, gives you a meal?
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ืœื›ืžื” ืžื›ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช?
12:39
How many of you have ever had that experience?
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก
12:41
That's the essence of the Abraham Path.
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ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื
12:44
That's what you discover as you go into these villages in the Middle East
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืžื’ืœื™ื, ืืชื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื›ืคืจื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœืขื•ื™ื ื•ืช
12:47
where you expect hostility,
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ื•ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืคื ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”
12:49
and you get the most amazing hospitality,
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ื”ื›ืœ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืื‘ืจื”ื
12:51
all associated with Abraham:
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"ื‘ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•
12:53
"In the name of Father Ibrahim, let me offer you some food."
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ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื›ื ืงืฆืช ืื•ื›ืœ"
12:56
So what we discovered
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ื ื•
12:58
is that Abraham is not just a figure out of a book for those people;
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืง ื“ืžื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”
13:01
he's alive, he's a living presence.
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ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ื•ื ื•ื›ื—
13:04
And to make a long story short,
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ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืฆืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืืจื•ืš
13:06
in the last couple of years now,
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
13:08
thousands of people have begun to walk parts of the path of Abraham
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ืืœืคื™ ืื ืฉื™ื
ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื
ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ
13:13
in the Middle East,
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13:14
enjoying the hospitality of the people there.
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ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื
13:17
They've begun to walk in Israel and Palestine,
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ื”ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืœื›ืช
ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืŸ
13:21
in Jordan, in Turkey, in Syria.
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ื‘ื™ืจื“ืŸ, ื‘ื˜ื•ืจืงื™ื”, ื‘ืกื•ืจื™ื”
ื–ื”ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”
13:24
It's an amazing experience.
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13:25
Men, women, young people, old people --
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ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ื ืฉื™ื, ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ื–ืงื ื™ื
13:27
more women than men, actually, interestingly.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื ืžืืฉืจ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืขื ื™ื ืช
13:30
For those who can't walk,
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ืœืืœื” ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœื›ืช
13:32
who are unable to get there right now,
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ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•
13:34
people started to organize walks in cities, in their own communities.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืืจื’ืŸ ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช
ื‘ืขืจื™ื, ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
13:38
In Cincinnati, for instance, they organized a walk
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ื‘ืกื™ื ืกื™ื ื˜ื™, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืืจื’ื ื• ื”ืœื™ื›ื”
ืžื›ื ืกื™ื” ืœืžืกื’ื“ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช
13:41
from a church to a mosque to a synagogue and all had an Abrahamic meal together.
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืื›ืœื• ืืจื•ื—ื” ื‘ืจื•ื— ืื‘ืจื”ื
13:44
It was Abraham Path Day.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืื‘ืจื”ื
13:46
In Sรฃo Paulo, Brazil, it's become an annual event
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ื‘ืกืืŸ ืคืื•ืœื•, ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ, ื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืจื•ืข ืฉื ืชื™
13:48
for thousands of people to run in a virtual Abraham Path Run,
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ืœืืœืคื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืจื•ืฅ
ื‘ืจื™ืฆื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ืช
13:52
uniting the different communities.
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ืžืื—ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
13:54
The media love it; they really adore it.
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ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืืช ื–ื”, ื”ื ืžืžืฉ ืžืขืจื™ืฆื™ื ืืช ื–ื”
13:57
They lavish attention on it because it's visual
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ื”ื ืžืจืขื™ืคื™ื ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืœื–ื”
ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื” ื—ื–ื•ืชื™
14:00
and it spreads the idea,
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉื“ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ
14:02
this idea of Abrahamic hospitality, of kindness towards strangers.
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื
ืฉืœ ืื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื–ืจื™ื
14:07
And just a couple weeks ago, there was an NPR story on it.
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ื•ืจืง ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื
ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืชื‘ื” ื‘ืขืจื•ืฅ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืขืœ ื–ื”
14:11
Last month,
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ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืขื‘ืจ
14:13
there was a piece in the Manchester Guardian about it,
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืชื‘ื” ื‘ื’ืจื“ื™ืืŸ
ื‘ื’ืจื“ื™ืืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื ืฆืกื˜ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื–ื”
14:18
two whole pages.
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ืฉื ื™ ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื
14:21
And they quoted a villager
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ื•ื”ื ืฆื™ื˜ื˜ื• ื›ืคืจื™
14:24
who said, "This walk connects us to the world."
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ืฉืืžืจ "ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืขื•ืœื"
14:27
He said, "It was like a light that went on in our lives --
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ืื•ืจ ืฉื–ืจื— ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
14:30
it brought us hope."
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ื–ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื ื• ืชืงื•ื•ื”
14:32
And so that's what it's about.
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ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉื–ื”
14:34
But it's not just about psychology;
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
14:36
it's about economics.
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ื–ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื”
14:38
Because as people walk, they spend money.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื”ื ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ
14:41
And this woman right here, Um Ahmad,
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ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช ื›ืืŸ, ืื•ื ืื—ืžื“
14:44
is a woman who lives on the path in Northern Jordan.
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ื”ื™ื ืื™ืฉื” ืฉื—ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื™ืจื“ืŸ
14:47
She's desperately poor.
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ื”ื™ื ืขื ื™ื” ืžืจื•ื“ื”
14:49
She's partially blind, her husband can't work,
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ื”ื™ื ื—ืฆื™ ืขื™ื•ื•ืจืช, ื‘ืขืœื” ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“
14:52
she's got seven kids.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื” 7 ื™ืœื“ื™ื
14:55
But what she can do is cook.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื” ืœื‘ืฉืœ
14:57
And so she's begun to cook for some groups of walkers
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ืื– ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื” ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืœื›ืžื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื
15:00
who come through the village and have a meal in her home.
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ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืคืจ ืฉืœื” ื•ืกื•ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื”
ื”ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ืฆืคื”
15:04
They sit on the floor -- she doesn't even have a tablecloth.
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืคืช ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ
15:07
She makes the most delicious food,
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ื”ื™ื ืžื›ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ืขื™ื
15:09
that's fresh from the herbs in the surrounding countryside.
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ื˜ืจื™ ืžืชื‘ืœื™ื ื™ื ืžื”ื›ืคืจื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”
15:12
And so more and more walkers have come,
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ื•ื›ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื
15:14
and lately she's begun to earn an income to support her family.
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ื•ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื” ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื—
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื”
15:18
And so she told our team there, she said,
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืคืจื” ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”
15:21
"You have made me visible
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"ืืชื ื”ืคื›ืชื ืื•ืชื™ ืœื ืจืื™ืช
15:24
in a village where people were once ashamed to look at me."
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ื‘ื›ืคืจ ื‘ื• ืคืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•
ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ื™"
ื–ื” ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืฉืœ ื“ืจืš ืื‘ืจื”ื
15:29
That's the potential of the Abraham Path.
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15:31
There are literally hundreds of those kinds of communities
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ื™ืฉ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืžืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื›ืืœื”
ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ
15:34
across the Middle East, across the path.
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15:37
The potential is basically to change the game.
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ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉื—ืง
15:40
And to change the game, you have to change the frame, the way we see things --
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ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉื—ืง, ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช
ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
15:44
to change the frame from hostility to hospitality,
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ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช
ืžืขื•ื™ื ื•ืช ืœื”ื›ื ืกืช ืื•ืจื—ื™ื
15:49
from terrorism to tourism.
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ืžื˜ืจื•ืจ ืœืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช
15:52
And in that sense, the Abraham Path
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ื•ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื“ืจืš ืื‘ืจื”ื
ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ื” ืžืฉื—ืง
15:55
is a game-changer.
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ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ื“
15:57
Let me just show you one thing.
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15:58
I have a little acorn here
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื˜ ืงื˜ืŸ
16:00
that I picked up while I was walking on the path earlier this year.
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ืฉืงื˜ืคืชื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš
ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืฉื ื”
16:04
Now, the acorn is associated with the oak tree, of course --
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ื”ื‘ืœื•ื˜ ืžืชืงืฉืจ ืœืขืฅ ื”ืืœื•ืŸ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ --
ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืžื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืฅ ืืœื•ืŸ
16:07
grows into an oak tree, which is associated with Abraham.
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ืฉืžืชืงืฉืจ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื
16:10
The path right now is like an acorn;
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ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื›ืขืช ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืœื•ื˜
16:12
it's still in its early phase.
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ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžื•ืงื“ื
16:14
What would the oak tree look like?
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ืื™ืš ื™ืจืื” ืขืฅ ื”ืืœื•ืŸ?
16:16
When I think back to my childhood,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื™
16:18
a good part of which I spent, after being born here in Chicago,
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ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžืžื ื” ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืงื’ื•,
ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”
16:21
I spent in Europe.
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื
16:23
If you had been in the ruins of, say, London in 1945, or Berlin,
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ื‘ื”ืจื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ
ื‘-1945, ืื• ื‘ื‘ืจืœื™ืŸ
16:29
and you had said,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืื•ืžืจื™ื
16:31
"Sixty years from now,
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"ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื” ืžืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
16:32
this is going to be the most peaceful, prosperous part of the planet,"
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ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ืฉืœื™ื• ื•ืคื•ืจื— ื‘ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ"
ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื
16:36
people would have thought you were certifiably insane.
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ืฉืืชื ืžื˜ื•ืจืคื™ื ืขื ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช
16:39
But they did it, thanks to a common identity, Europe,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช -- ืื™ืจื•ืคื” --
16:43
and a common economy.
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ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช
16:45
So my question is, if it can be done in Europe,
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ืื– ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื, ืื ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”
16:48
why not in the Middle East?
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ?
16:50
Why not, thanks to a common identity, which is the story of Abraham,
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื, ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช
ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื --
16:54
and thanks to a common economy that would be based, in good part, on tourism?
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ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช
ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชื‘ืกืก ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช?
17:00
So let me conclude, then,
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ืื– ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœืกื›ื
17:02
by saying that in the last 35 years,
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ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘-35 ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
ื›ืฉืขื‘ื“ืชื™
17:06
as I've worked in some of the most dangerous,
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ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืกื™ื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื, ืงืฉื™ื ื•ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ื™ื
17:08
difficult and intractable conflicts around the planet,
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ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ
17:11
I have yet to see one conflict that I felt could not be transformed.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืกื™ื›ืกื•ืš ืื—ื“
ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช
17:17
It's not easy, of course.
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ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืงืœ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ,
17:19
But it's possible.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืืคืฉืจื™
17:21
It was done in South Africa.
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ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื”
17:23
It was done in Northern Ireland.
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ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืื™ืจืœื ื“
17:25
It could be done anywhere.
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื
17:27
It simply depends on us.
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ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื ื•
17:29
It depends on us taking the third side.
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ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื ื• ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
ืื– ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื
17:33
So let me invite you to consider taking the third side,
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ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
17:36
even as a very small step.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืฆืขื“ ืžืื“ ืงื˜ืŸ
17:38
We're about to take a break in a moment.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ื”ืคืกืงื” ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืจื’ืข
17:40
Just go up to someone
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื’ืฉื• ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื•
17:42
who's from a different culture, a different country,
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ืžืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจืช, ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืจืช
17:45
a different ethnicity -- some difference --
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ืžื•ืฆื ืื—ืจ, ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ
17:47
and engage them in a conversation.
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ื•ืฆืจื• ืื™ืชื ืฉื™ื—ื”, ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœื”ื
17:49
Listen to them.
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17:50
That's a third-side act.
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ื–ื” ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
17:52
That's walking Abraham's Path.
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ื–ื” ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื
17:54
After a TED Talk,
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื˜ื“
17:56
why not a TED Walk?
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื“?
17:57
(Laughter)
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ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืชื›ื
17:59
So let me just leave you with three things.
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ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ืกื•ื“ ืœืฉืœื•ื
18:03
One is, the secret to peace is the third side.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
18:08
The third side is us.
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ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ืื ื—ื ื•
ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื•
18:11
Each of us, with a single step,
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ืขื ืฆืขื“ ืื—ื“
18:14
can take the world, can bring the world
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื
18:17
a step closer to peace.
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ืฆืขื“ ืงืจื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืœื•ื
18:20
There's an old African proverb that goes:
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ื™ืฉ ืคืชื’ื ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจ:
18:22
"When spiderwebs unite,
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"ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื•ืจื™ ื”ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžืชืื—ื“ื™ื,
18:24
they can halt even the lion."
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ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืืจื™ื”"
18:27
If we're able to unite our third-side webs of peace,
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ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืื—ื“
ืืช ืงื•ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™
ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ืืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”
18:32
we can even halt the lion of war.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื
18:35
Thank you very much.
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18:36
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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