Shubhendu Sharma: How to grow a tiny forest anywhere

296,460 views ใƒป 2014-09-04

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:12
I'm an industrial engineer.
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ืื ื™ ืžื”ื ื“ืก ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™.
00:14
The goal in my life has always been to make
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ืžื˜ืจืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ
00:17
more and more products
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ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื
00:18
in the least amount of time and resources.
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืขื˜ื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ.
00:21
While working at Toyota,
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ื›ืฉืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ื‘"ื˜ื•ื™ื•ื˜ื”",
00:22
all I knew was how to make cars
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ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช
00:24
until I met Dr. Akira Miyawaki,
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ืขื“ ืฉืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืืช ื“"ืจ ืืงื™ืจื” ืžื™ืื•ื•ืืงื™,
00:27
who came to our factory to make a forest in it
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ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื ื˜ื•ืข ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืžืคืขืœ ืฉืœื ื•
00:30
in order to make it carbon-neutral.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ื˜ืจืœ ืืช ืคืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ืคื—ืžืŸ ืฉื.
00:33
I was so fascinated
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ื”ื•ืงืกืžืชื™ ื›ืœ-ื›ืš,
00:35
that I decided to learn this methodology
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ืขื“ ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ื–ื•
00:37
by joining his team as a volunteer.
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ื•ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืชื™ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื• ื›ืžืชื ื“ื‘.
00:40
Soon, I started making a forest
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ืชื•ืš ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืงื™ื ื™ืขืจ
00:42
in the backyard of my own house,
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ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืชื™,
00:44
and this is how it looks after three years.
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื ืจืื” ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ 3 ืฉื ื™ื.
00:48
These forests,
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ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื”,
00:49
compared to a conventional plantation,
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ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืžื˜ืข ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ,
00:51
grow 10 times faster,
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ื’ื“ืœื™ื ืคื™ 10 ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืจ,
00:54
they're 30 times more dense,
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ื”ื ืขื‘ื•ืชื™ื ืคื™ 30,
00:56
and 100 times more biodiverse.
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ื•ื”ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืœื”ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืคื™ 100.
01:00
Within two years of having this forest in our backyard,
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืžืื– ืฉื”ื™ืขืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฆื•ืžื— ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
01:03
I could observe that the groundwater
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ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื™-ื”ืชื”ื•ื
01:05
didn't dry during summers,
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ืื™ื ื ืžืชื™ื™ื‘ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงื™ืฅ,
01:07
the number of bird species I spotted in this area
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ืžืกืคืจ ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื–ื™ื”ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”
01:10
doubled.
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ื”ื•ื›ืคืœ.
01:11
Quality of air became better,
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ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื”ืฉืชืคืจื”,
01:13
and we started harvesting seasonal fruits
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ื•ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืคืจื™ ืขื•ื ืชื™
01:15
growing effortlessly
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ืฉื’ื“ืœ ืœืœื ืฉื•ื ืžืืžืฅ
01:17
right in the backyard of our house.
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ืžืžืฉ ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืชื ื•.
01:19
I wanted to make more of these forests.
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื”.
01:22
I was so moved by these results
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ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืจื™ื’ืฉื• ืื•ืชื™,
01:23
that I wanted to make these forests
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ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืืœื”
01:25
with the same acumen with which we make cars
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืชื—ื›ื•ื ื‘ื• ืื ื• ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช,
01:28
or write software or do any mainstream business,
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ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืื• ืขืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืกืง ืžืฆื•ื™,
01:31
so I founded a company
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ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืงืžืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจื”
01:33
which is an end-to-end service provider
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ืฉืžืกืคืงืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื
01:35
to create these native natural forests.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ื•ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืืœื”.
01:38
But to make afforestation as a mainstream business
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืจ ืœืขืกืง ืจื’ื™ืœ,
01:42
or an industry, we had to standardize
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ืื• ืœืชืขืฉื™ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืชืงื ืŸ
01:44
the process of forest-making.
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ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืงืžืช ื”ื™ืขืจ.
01:46
So we benchmarked the Toyota Production System
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ืื– ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ "ื˜ื•ื™ื•ื˜ื”",
01:48
known for its quality and efficiency
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ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืชื” ื•ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชื”
01:51
for the process of forest-making.
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ื•ื”ืงื‘ืœื ื• ืื•ืชื ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืงืžืช ื”ื™ืขืจ.
01:53
For an example, the core of TPS,
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืœื‘ ื”ื˜ื™-ืคื™-ืืก,
01:56
Toyota Production System, lies in heijunka,
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ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ "ื˜ื•ื™ื•ื˜ื”", ื˜ืžื•ืŸ ื‘"ื”ื™ื™ื’'ื•ื ืงื”",
01:59
which is making manufacturing
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ
02:01
of different models of cars
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ืฉืœ ื“ื’ืžื™ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื
02:03
on a single assembly line.
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ื‘ืงื•-ื”ืจื›ื‘ื” ื™ื—ื™ื“.
02:05
We replaced these cars with trees,
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ื”ื—ืœืคื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆื™ื,
02:08
using which now we can make multi-layered forests.
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ื•ื›ืš ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ ืจื‘ื“ื™ื,
02:11
These forests utilize 100 percent vertical space.
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ื™ืขืจื•ืช ืืœื” ืžื ืฆืœื™ื 100% ืžื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ืื ื›ื™.
02:15
They are so dense
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02:15
that one can't even walk into them.
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ื”ื ื›ื” ื“ื—ื•ืกื™ื,
ืขื“ ืฉืื™-ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื.
02:19
For an example, we can make a 300-tree forest
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืŸ 300 ืขืฆื™ื
02:22
in an area as small as the parking spaces of six cars.
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ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื’ื•ื“ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื—ื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ 6 ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
02:27
In order to reduce cost and our own carbon footprint,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืขืœื•ืช ื•ืืช ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืคื—ืžืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
02:31
we started utilizing local biomass
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ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื ืฆืœ ื‘ื™ื•-ืžืกื” ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช,
02:33
as soil amender and fertilizers.
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ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืงืจืงืข ื•ื“ื™ืฉื•ืŸ.
02:36
For example, coconut shells crushed in a machine
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ืื’ื•ื–ื™ ืงื•ืงื•ืก ืฉื˜ื•ื—ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”
02:38
mixed with rice straw,
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ื•ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ื™ื ืขื ืงืฉ ืื•ืจื–,
02:42
powder of rice husk mixed with organic manure
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ืื‘ืงืช ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ืื•ืจื– ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ ืื•ืจื’ื ื™,
02:46
is finally dumped in soil on which
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ืžื•ื›ื ืกื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืื“ืžื”
ืฉืขืœื™ื” ื™ื™ื ื˜ืข ื”ื™ืขืจ ืฉืœื ื•.
02:48
our forest is planted.
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02:49
Once planted, we use grass or rice straw
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ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื ื˜ื™ืขื”, ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืฉื‘ ืื• ื‘ืงืฉ ืื•ืจื–
02:52
to cover the soil
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ืกื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ืžื”
02:54
so that all the water which goes into irrigation
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ื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ืฆืœื• ืœื”ืฉืงื™ื™ื”
02:57
doesn't get evaporated back into the atmosphere.
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ื•ืœื ื™ืชืื“ื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืื˜ืžื•ืกืคืจื”.
02:59
And using these simple improvisations,
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืืœืชื•ืจื™ื ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
03:01
today we can make a forest
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ืื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืœื”ืงื™ื ื™ืขืจ
03:03
for a cost as low as the cost of an iPhone.
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ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ "ืื™ื™ืคื•ืŸ".
03:07
Today, we are making forests in houses,
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ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื• ืžืงื™ืžื™ื ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื,
03:09
in schools, even in factories with the corporates.
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ื‘ื‘ืชื™-ืกืคืจ, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืคืขืœื™ื, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช.
03:13
But that's not enough.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง.
03:15
There is a huge number of people
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ื™ืฉ ืžืกืคืจ ืขืฆื•ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื
03:17
who want to take matters into their own hands.
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ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ื”ื.
03:20
So we let it happen.
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ืื– ืื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื–ื” ืœืงืจื•ืช.
03:22
Today, we are working on an Internet-based platform
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ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ืช
03:26
where we are going to share our methodology
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ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจืชื” ื ืคื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ืžืชื•ื“ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•
03:29
on an open source
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ื›ืงื•ื“ ืคืชื•ื—
03:31
using which anyone and everyone
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ื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ืื“ื ื•ืื“ื
03:32
can make their own forest
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ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืงื™ื ื™ืขืจ ืžืฉืœื•
03:34
without our physical presence being there,
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ืœืœื ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชื ื• ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืช,
03:36
using our methodology.
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืžืชื•ื“ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
03:38
At the click of a button,
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ื‘ืœื—ื™ืฆืช ื›ืคืชื•ืจ,
03:40
they can get to know all the native species
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ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื
03:41
of their place.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉืœื”ื.
03:43
By installing a small hardware probe on site,
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ืข"ื™ ื”ืชืงื ืช ื—ื™ื™ืฉืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ,
03:47
we can do remote soil testing,
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžืจื—ื•ืง ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืงืจืงืข,
03:50
using which we can give step-by-step instructions
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ื•ืœืคื™ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉืœื‘-ืื—ืจ-ืฉืœื‘
03:54
on forest-making remotely.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืžืจื—ื•ืง.
03:57
Also we can monitor the growth of this forest
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ืื ื• ื’ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ื˜ืจ ืืช ืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื”ื™ืขืจ
03:59
without being on site.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืžืฆื ื‘ืืชืจ.
04:03
This methodology, I believe,
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ืœืžืชื•ื“ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ื•, ื›ืš ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ,
04:05
has a potential.
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ื™ืฉ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ.
04:06
By sharing, we can actually bring back our native forests.
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ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
04:09
Now, when you go back home,
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ื›ืฉืชื—ื–ืจื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”,
04:11
if you see a barren piece of land,
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ืื ืชืจืื• ื—ืœืงืช ืื“ืžื” ื—ืฉื•ืคื”,
04:13
do remember that it can be a potential forest.
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ื–ื™ื›ืจื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ืขืจ.
04:16
Thank you very much. Thanks.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื. ืชื•ื“ื”.
04:18
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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