Shubhendu Sharma: How to grow a tiny forest anywhere

292,976 views ใƒป 2014-09-04

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Gemma Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : SeongHun Gang
00:12
I'm an industrial engineer.
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—… ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
The goal in my life has always been to make
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์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ
00:17
more and more products
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผํ’ˆ์„
00:18
in the least amount of time and resources.
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์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ž์›์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
While working at Toyota,
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ํ† ์š”ํƒ€์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
00:22
all I knew was how to make cars
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์ €๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋งŒ ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ .
00:24
until I met Dr. Akira Miyawaki,
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์ €ํฌ ๊ณต์žฅ์„ ํƒ„์†Œ ์ค‘๋ฆฝํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
00:27
who came to our factory to make a forest in it
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๊ณต์žฅ์— ์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋Ÿฌ์˜จ
00:30
in order to make it carbon-neutral.
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์•„ํ‚ค๋ผ ๋ฏธ์•ผ์™€ํ‚ค ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:33
I was so fascinated
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์ €๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋งค๋ฃŒ๋˜์–ด์„œ
00:35
that I decided to learn this methodology
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ๋ ค๊ณ 
00:37
by joining his team as a volunteer.
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๊ทธ์˜ ํŒ€์— ๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:40
Soon, I started making a forest
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๊ณง, ์ €๋Š” ์ง‘ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์—
00:42
in the backyard of my own house,
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์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
00:44
and this is how it looks after three years.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด 3๋…„ํ›„ ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
These forests,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ˆฒ๋“ค์€
00:49
compared to a conventional plantation,
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์žฌ๋ž˜์‹ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ฒ•์— ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด,
00:51
grow 10 times faster,
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10๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ž๋ผ๊ณ ,
00:54
they're 30 times more dense,
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30๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋ฐ€์ง‘ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
00:56
and 100 times more biodiverse.
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100๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
Within two years of having this forest in our backyard,
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2๋…„๋™์•ˆ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์— ์ˆฒ์„ ๊ฐ€๊พธ๋ฉด์„œ,
01:03
I could observe that the groundwater
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์—ฌ๋ฆ„์—๋„ ์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„
01:05
didn't dry during summers,
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๊ด€์ฐฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
the number of bird species I spotted in this area
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š” ์ƒˆ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋Š”
01:10
doubled.
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๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋Š˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
01:11
Quality of air became better,
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๊ณต๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ง‘์•„์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
01:13
and we started harvesting seasonal fruits
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๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์—์„œ ๊ณง
01:15
growing effortlessly
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๋ฌด๋Ÿญ๋ฌด๋Ÿญ ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ์ œ์ฒ ๊ณผ์ผ์„
01:17
right in the backyard of our house.
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์ˆ˜ํ™•ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
I wanted to make more of these forests.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋” ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:22
I was so moved by these results
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๊ฐ๋™๋ฐ›์€ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€
01:23
that I wanted to make these forests
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ˆฒ์„
01:25
with the same acumen with which we make cars
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์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
01:28
or write software or do any mainstream business,
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์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ๋œ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:31
so I founded a company
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋ ค์„œ
01:33
which is an end-to-end service provider
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ† ์ข… ์ž์—ฐ์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
01:35
to create these native natural forests.
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์ด๊ด„ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
But to make afforestation as a mainstream business
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ˆฒ ๊ฐ€๊พธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋œ ์‚ฌ์—…์ด๋‚˜
01:42
or an industry, we had to standardize
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์‚ฐ์—…์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด
01:44
the process of forest-making.
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์ˆฒ์„ ๊ฐ€๊พธ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
So we benchmarked the Toyota Production System
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
01:48
known for its quality and efficiency
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ํ’ˆ์งˆ๊ณผ ํšจ์œจ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ
01:51
for the process of forest-making.
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ํ† ์š”ํƒ€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
For an example, the core of TPS,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด TPS,
01:56
Toyota Production System, lies in heijunka,
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ํ† ์š”ํƒ€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ํ‰์ค€ํ™”์— ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:59
which is making manufacturing
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๊ทธ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š”
02:01
of different models of cars
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ฐจ๋“ค์„
02:03
on a single assembly line.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์กฐ๋ฆฝ ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
We replaced these cars with trees,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•ด์„œ
02:08
using which now we can make multi-layered forests.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ธต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
These forests utilize 100 percent vertical space.
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์ด ์ˆฒ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์ง ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ 100% ํ™œ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
They are so dense
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02:15
that one can't even walk into them.
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์ˆฒ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋นฝ๋นฝํ•ด์„œ
์ˆฒ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์–ด์š”.
02:19
For an example, we can make a 300-tree forest
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฐจ 6๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์ฐจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—
02:22
in an area as small as the parking spaces of six cars.
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300 ์ข…์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
In order to reduce cost and our own carbon footprint,
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๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
02:31
we started utilizing local biomass
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰์„
02:33
as soil amender and fertilizers.
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ํ† ์งˆ ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰์ œ์™€ ๋น„๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
For example, coconut shells crushed in a machine
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ฝ”์ฝ”๋„› ๊ป์งˆ์„ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ถ€์ˆด
02:38
mixed with rice straw,
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์ง€ํ‘ธ๋ผ๊ธฐ์™€ ์„ž๊ณ ,
02:42
powder of rice husk mixed with organic manure
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์Œ€๊ฒจ ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ์™€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆ„์„ ์„ž์–ด,
02:46
is finally dumped in soil on which
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๋•…์†์— ๋ถ€์–ด๋„ฃ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์œ„์—
02:48
our forest is planted.
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์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
Once planted, we use grass or rice straw
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ์€ ๋’ค ํ’€์ด๋‚˜ ์ง€ํ‘ธ๋ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ
02:52
to cover the soil
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ํ™์„ ๋ฎ์œผ๋ฉด
02:54
so that all the water which goes into irrigation
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์ž‘๋ฌผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๋ฌผ์ด
02:57
doesn't get evaporated back into the atmosphere.
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ค‘์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๋ฐœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
And using these simple improvisations,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ
03:01
today we can make a forest
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ดํฐ 1๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๋งŒํผ
03:03
for a cost as low as the cost of an iPhone.
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์‹ผ ๊ฐ’์— ์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
Today, we are making forests in houses,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง‘,
03:09
in schools, even in factories with the corporates.
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ํ•™๊ต, ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต์žฅ์—๋„ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
But that's not enough.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
There is a huge number of people
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
03:17
who want to take matters into their own hands.
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์ผ์„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
So we let it happen.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:22
Today, we are working on an Internet-based platform
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
03:26
where we are going to share our methodology
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
03:29
on an open source
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๊ณต๊ฐœํ•ด์„œ
03:31
using which anyone and everyone
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ผ๋„ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์“ฐ๋ฉด
03:32
can make their own forest
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
without our physical presence being there,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„
03:36
using our methodology.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์“ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์จ์„œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
At the click of a button,
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๋ฒ„ํŠผ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋ฉด
03:40
they can get to know all the native species
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์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์˜
03:41
of their place.
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ํ† ์ข… ์‹๋ฌผ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
By installing a small hardware probe on site,
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ํ˜„์ง€์— ์ž‘์€ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด ๊ฐ์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
03:47
we can do remote soil testing,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์›๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ™์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:50
using which we can give step-by-step instructions
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
03:54
on forest-making remotely.
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์ฐจ๊ทผ์ฐจ๊ทผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
Also we can monitor the growth of this forest
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ํ˜„์ง€์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„
03:59
without being on site.
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์ด ์ˆฒ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
This methodology, I believe,
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
04:05
has a potential.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
By sharing, we can actually bring back our native forests.
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๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ† ์ข… ์ˆฒ์„ ๋ณต์›ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
Now, when you go back home,
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์ž, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ง‘์— ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
04:11
if you see a barren piece of land,
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๋ถˆ๋ชจ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
04:13
do remember that it can be a potential forest.
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๊ทธ ๋•…์ด ์ˆฒ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
04:16
Thank you very much. Thanks.
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์ •๋ง ๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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