A garden in my apartment | Britta Riley

1,055,004 views ・ 2011-11-26

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Prevoditelj: Jelena Horvat Recezent: Tilen Pigac - EFZG
Ja sam, kao mnogi od vas,
00:16
I, like many of you,
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jedna od dvije milijarde ljudi na Zemlji
00:18
am one of the two billion people on Earth who live in cities.
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koji žive u gradovima.
00:24
And there are days -- I don't know about the rest of you --
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I postoje dani -- ne znam kako je to kod vas --
00:27
but there are days when I palpably feel
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no postoje dani kad opipljivo osjećam
00:31
how much I rely on other people
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koliko se oslanjam na druge ljude
00:33
for pretty much everything in my life.
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za gotovo sve u svom životu.
00:36
And some days, that can even be a little scary.
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A u nekim danima to može biti i pomalo zastrašujuće.
00:39
But what I'm here to talk to you about today
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No ono o čemu ću govoriti danas
je kako je upravo ta međuovisnost
00:42
is how that same interdependence
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00:44
is actually an extremely powerful social infrastructure
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zapravo izuzetno jaka društvena infrastruktura
koju bismo zapravo mogli iskoristiti
00:49
that we can actually harness
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00:51
to help heal some of our deepest civic issues,
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da pomognemo riješiti neke od naših najdubljih građanskih problema,
00:55
if we apply open-source collaboration.
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ako bismo primijenili otvorenu suradnju.
Prije nekoliko godina
01:00
A couple of years ago,
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01:01
I read an article by New York Times writer Michael Pollan,
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čitala sam članak Michaela Pollana u New York Timesu
u kojem je tvrdio da je uzgoj čak i malo vlastite hrane
01:05
in which he argued that growing even some of our own food
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jedna od najboljih stvari
01:09
is one of the best things that we can do for the environment.
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koju možemo učiniti za okoliš.
U trenutku kada sam to čitala
01:13
Now at the time that I was reading this,
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bila je sredina zime
01:15
it was the middle of the winter
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01:16
and I definitely did not have room for a lot of dirt
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i ja definitivno nisam imala sobu za mnogo zemlje
u svom newyorškom stanu.
01:20
in my New York City apartment.
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01:22
So I was basically just willing to settle
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Tako da sam se upravo bila spremna zadovoljiti
01:24
for just reading the next Wired magazine
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čitanjem novog broja časopisa Wired
01:26
and finding out how the experts were going to figure out
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da vidim kako će stručnjaci za nas otkriti
01:28
how to solve all these problems for us in the future.
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rješenje svih tih problema u budućnosti.
No to je bilo upravo ono o čemu je
01:32
But that was actually exactly the point
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01:34
that Michael Pollan was making in this article --
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Michael Pollan pisao u tom članku --
01:36
it's precisely when we hand over
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da upravo to kada prepuštamo
01:38
the responsibility for all these things to specialists
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odgovornost za sve te stvari specijalistima
da uzrokujemo ovakvu zbrku
01:42
that we cause the kind of messes that we see with the food system.
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kakvu vidimo u prehrambenom sustavu.
01:47
So, I happen to know a little bit from my own work
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Tako, ja slučajno znam ponešto iz vlastitog rada
01:50
about how NASA has been using hydroponics
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o tome kako NASA koristi hidropone
01:54
to explore growing food in space.
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za istraživanje rasta hrane u svemiru.
I zapravo možete dobiti optimalan prehrambeni prinos
01:58
And that you can actually get optimal nutritional yield
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tako da pokrenete visoko kvalitetnu vrstu otopine
02:02
by running a kind of high-quality liquid soil over plants' root systems.
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preko korijenskog sistema biljke.
Sada za povrtnu biljku
02:09
Now to a vegetable plant,
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02:10
my apartment has got to be about as foreign as outer space.
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moj bi stan mogao biti
jednako stran kao i svemir.
Ali ja mogu ponuditi štogod prirodnog svjetla
02:15
But I can offer some natural light
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02:17
and year-round climate control.
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i kontrolu klime tijekom godine.
Brzo naprijed, dvije godine poslije:
02:20
Fast-forward two years later:
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imamo prozorska uzgajališta:
02:22
we now have window farms,
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02:23
which are vertical, hydroponic platforms
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to su vertikalni hidroponi sistemi
za uzgoj hrane u zatvorenom prostoru.
02:26
for food-growing indoors.
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02:28
And the way it works is that there's a pump at the bottom,
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a način na koji radi je da postoji pumpa na dnu
02:31
which periodically sends this liquid nutrient solution up to the top,
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koja periodički šalje neke hranjive otopine do vrha
koja tada kaplje dolje kroz sustav korijenja biljke
02:35
which then trickles down through plants' root systems
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02:37
that are suspended in clay pellets --
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koje je postavljeno u glinenim kuglicama --
tako da zemlja nije uključena.
02:40
so there's no dirt involved.
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02:42
Now light and temperature vary with each window's microclimate,
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Svjetlo i temperatura variraju
prema mikroklimi svakog prozora
tako da prozorsko uzgajalište
02:47
so a window farm requires a farmer,
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zahtjeva uzgajivača
koji mora odlučiti
02:51
and she must decide
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02:52
what kind of crops she is going to put in her window farm,
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kakve će kulture imati u svojem prozorskom uzgajalištu
i hoće li svoju hranu organski hraniti.
02:56
and whether she is going to feed her food organically.
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U to vrijeme prozorsko uzgajalište nije bilo više nego
03:00
Back at the time,
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03:01
a window farm was no more than a technically complex idea
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tehnički kompleksna ideja
03:04
that was going to require a lot of testing.
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koja će zahtijevati mnogo testiranja.
03:07
And I really wanted it to be an open project,
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A ja sam stvarno željela da to bude otvoren projekt
jer hidroponi su
03:10
because hydroponics
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03:11
is one of the fastest growing areas of patenting
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sada jedno od najbrže rastućih područja za patentiranje
u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama
03:14
in the United States right now,
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03:15
and could possibly become another area like Monsanto,
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i mogli bi postati
još jedno područje kao korporacija Monsanto,
03:19
where we have a lot of corporate intellectual property
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gdje imamo mnogo korporacijskog intelektualnog vlasništva
03:22
in the way of people's food.
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koje stoji na putu ljudskoj hrani.
03:25
So I decided that, instead of creating a product,
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I tako sam odlučila da umjesto da stvaram produkt,
otvoriti taj sistem
03:29
what I was going to do
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03:30
was open this up to a whole bunch of codevelopers.
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velikoj grupi kooperanata.
03:34
The first few systems that we created, they kind of worked.
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Nekoliko prvih sistema koje smo stvorili nekako su funkcionirali.
03:37
We were actually able to grow about a salad a week
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Mogli smo čak uzgojiti jednu glavicu salate za oko tjedan dana
03:39
in a typical New York City apartment window.
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na prozoru tipičnog newyorškog stana.
Mogli smo uzgojiti i minirajčice,
03:42
And we were able to grow cherry tomatoes
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i krastavce, i još mnogošta.
03:44
and cucumbers, all kinds of stuff.
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Ali nekoliko prvih sistema
03:46
But the first few systems
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03:47
were these leaky, loud power-guzzlers
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bili su propuštajući bučni žderači energije
koje Martha Stewart nikad ne bi odobrila.
03:51
that Martha Stewart would definitely never have approved.
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(Smijeh)
03:54
(Laughter)
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03:55
So to bring on more codevelopers,
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Da bismo pridobili što više suradnika,
stvorili smo društvenu internetsku mrežu
03:58
what we did was we created a social media site
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na kojoj smo objavili nacrt,
04:01
on which we published the designs,
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objasnili kako funkcionira,
04:03
we explained how they worked,
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i išli smo čak tako daleko
04:05
and we even went so far
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04:07
as to point out everything that was wrong with these systems.
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da smo naglasili što je u tim sistemima neispravno.
04:10
And then we invited people all over the world
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I tada smo pozvali ljude iz cijelog svijeta
da ih grade i da eksperimentiraju s nama.
04:13
to build them and experiment with us.
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04:16
So actually now on this website,
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I sada doista na toj internetskoj stranici imamo
04:18
we have 18,000 people.
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18.000 ljudi.
04:21
And we have window farms all over the world.
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I imamo prozorska uzgajališta
po cijelom svijetu.
04:25
What we're doing is what NASA or a large corporation
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Ono što činimo
NASA ili neki drugi veliki koncern bi nazvao
04:29
would call R&D, or research and development.
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I&R ili istraživanje i razvoj.
Ali mi ga nazivamo I&R-uradi-sam
04:33
But what we call it is R&D-I-Y,
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04:35
or "research and develop it yourself."
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ili istražuj i razvijaj ga sam.
04:38
(Laughter)
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Na primjer,
04:40
So, for example, Jackson came along
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Jackson je došao i predložio
04:42
and suggested that we use air pumps instead of water pumps.
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da koristimo zračne pumpe umjesto vodenih.
04:45
It took building a whole bunch of systems to get it right,
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Bilo je potrebno sastaviti mnogo sistema da bismo dobili jedan ispravan,
ali kad smo to ostvarili, mogli smo
04:48
but once we did, we were able to cut our carbon footprint nearly in half.
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smanjiti emisiju ugljika na polovicu.
Tony u Chicagu provodio je eksperimente rasta,
04:53
Tony in Chicago has been taking on growing experiments,
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kao i mnogi drugi uzgajivači,
04:56
like lots of other window farmers,
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04:57
and he's been able to get his strawberries to fruit
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i uspio je uzgojiti plodove jagoda
05:00
for nine months of the year in low-light conditions
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devet mjeseci godišnje u uvjetima slabog osvjetljenja
05:03
by simply changing out the organic nutrients.
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tako da je jednostavno promijenio organske nutrijente.
05:07
And window farmers in Finland have been customizing their window farms
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A uzgajivači u Finskoj
prilagođavali su svoja prozorska uzgajališta
05:11
for the dark days of the Finnish winters
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mračnim danima finske zime
tako da su ih opremili s LED žaruljama,
05:14
by outfitting them with LED grow lights
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05:16
that they're now making open source and part of the project.
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tako da su sada dio otvorene suradnje i dio projekta.
05:19
So window farms have been evolving
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Tako su se prozorska uzgajališta razvijala
kroz rapidan proces različitih izvedbi
05:22
through a rapid versioning process similar to software.
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slično kao kod softwarea.
05:25
And with every open source project,
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I sa svakim projektom otvorene suradnje
05:28
the real benefit is the interplay
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stvarna korist je interakcija
05:30
between the specific concerns of people customizing their systems
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između specifičnih potreba
ljudi koji prilagođavaju svoje sisteme
05:34
for their own particular concerns,
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vlastitim individualnim potrebama
05:36
and the universal concerns.
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i univerzalnih potreba.
05:38
So my core team and I
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Dakle moj uži tim i ja
05:40
are able to concentrate on the improvements
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možemo se koncentrirati na poboljšanja
koja doista doprinose svima.
05:43
that really benefit everyone.
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05:45
And we're able to look out for the needs of newcomers.
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I u stanju smo paziti na potrebe pridošlica.
05:48
So for do-it-yourselfers,
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Stoga za one koji će sistem raditi u kućnoj radinosti
05:50
we provide free, very well-tested instructions
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osiguravamo besplatna, vrlo dobro testirana uputstva
05:54
so that anyone, anywhere around the world,
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tako da bilo tko, bilo gdje na svijetu
05:56
can build one of these systems for free.
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može ovaj sistem izraditi besplatno.
05:58
And there's a patent pending on these systems as well
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A tu je i zaštićeni patent na tim sustavima
06:01
that's held by the community.
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koji je u posjedu zajednice.
06:03
And to fund the project,
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Da bismo financirali projekt,
06:05
we partner to create products
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ulazimo u partnerstva kako bismo kreirali produkte
06:07
that we then sell to schools and to individuals
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koje potom prodajemo školama i pojedincima,
06:10
who don't have time to build their own systems.
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koji nemaju vremena za gradnju vlastitih sistema.
06:13
Now within our community, a certain culture has appeared.
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U našoj zajednici
sada je nastala jedna određena kultura.
06:17
In our culture, it is better to be a tester
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U našoj je kulturi bolje biti ispitivač
koji podržava ideju drugoga,
06:20
who supports someone else's idea
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06:22
than it is to be just the idea guy.
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nego biti samo onaj koji ima ideju.
06:25
What we get out of this project is support for our own work,
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Što smo dobili iz ovog projekta je
podrška za vlastiti rad
06:29
as well as an experience of actually contributing
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kao i iskustvo stvarnog doprinosa
06:33
to the environmental movement
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pokretu za očuvanje okoliša
06:35
in a way other than just screwing in new light bulbs.
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koji je drugačiji od toga da samo stavimo nove žarulje.
No mislim da Eileen izražava najbolje
06:39
But I think that Eleen expresses best
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što doista dobivamo iz ovoga,
06:42
what we really get out of this,
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06:43
which is the actual joy of collaboration.
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a to je zapravo radost suradnje.
06:46
So she expresses here what it's like
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Pa tako ona ovdje izražava kako je to
06:49
to see someone halfway across the world
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kad vidiš nekoga tko je s druge strane svijeta
06:51
having taken your idea, built upon it
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uzeo tvoju ideju, nadogradio je
i tada ti priznao tvoj doprinos.
06:54
and then acknowledging you for contributing.
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06:56
If we really want to see the kind of wide consumer behavior change
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Ako zaista želimo da se promijeni priroda konzumerskog ponašanja
07:00
that we're all talking about as environmentalists and food people,
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o kojoj svi mi govorimo
kao ekolozi i uživatelji hrane,
07:04
maybe we just need to ditch the term "consumer"
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možda samo moramo odbaciti pojam konzument
07:06
and get behind the people who are doing stuff.
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i pomoći ljudima koji štogod poduzimaju.
07:10
Open source projects tend to have a momentum of their own.
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Projekti otvorene suradnje teže svojem trenutku.
07:13
And what we're seeing is that R&D-I-Y
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I ono što opažamo je da se I&R-uradi-sam
07:15
has moved beyond just window farms and LEDs
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razvio izvan jednostavnih prozorskih uzgajališta i LED žarulja
07:19
into solar panels and aquaponic systems.
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u sisteme sa solarnim kolektorima i akvaponije.
07:23
And we're building upon innovations of generations who went before us.
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Mi nadograđujemo inovacije
prijašnjih generacija.
07:27
And we're looking ahead at generations
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I pripremamo se za generacije
07:29
who really need us to retool our lives now.
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koje nas doista trebaju da sada iznova opremimo naše živote.
07:33
So we ask that you join us
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Pa vas pozivamo da nam se pridružite
07:35
in rediscovering the value of citizens united,
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u ponovnom otkrivanju vrijednosti
ujedinjenog građanstva
07:39
and to declare that we are all still pioneers.
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i da objavimo
da smo u ovome svi mi još uvijek pioniri.
07:44
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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