Christopher deCharms: A look inside the brain in real time

Prevoditelj: Romana Perković Recezent: Predrag Pale

Hi. I'm going to ask you to raise your arms and wave back,

Bok. Zamolit ću vas da podignete ruke i mašete,

just the way I am -- kind of a royal wave.

ovako kao ja – kraljevski.

You can mimic what you can see.

Možete oponašati ono što vidite.

You can program the hundreds of muscles in your arm.

Možete programirati stotine mišića u svojoj ruci.

Soon, you'll be able to look inside your brain and program,

A ubrzo, moći ćete pogledati u svoj mozak i programirati,

control the hundreds of brain areas that you see there.

kontrolirati stotine moždanih regija koje tamo vidite.

I'm going to tell you about that technology.

Pričat ću vam o toj tehnologiji.

People have wanted to look inside the human mind,

Ljudi su u ljudski um i ljudski mozak

the human brain, for thousands of years.

htjeli pogledati već tisućama godina.

Well, coming out of the research labs just now, for our generation, is the possibility to do that.

Iz istraživačkih laboratorija našoj generaciji upravo stiže mogućnost to učiniti.

People envision this as being very difficult.

Ljudi misle da je to jako teško.

You had to take a spaceship, shrink it down, inject it into the bloodstream.

Morali ste uzeti svemirski brod, smanjiti ga i ubrizgati ga u krvotok.

It was terribly dangerous. (Laughter)

Bilo je strašno opasno.

You could be attacked by white blood cells in the arteries.

Mogle su vas napasti bijele krvne stanice u arterijama.

But now, we have a real technology to do this.

Ali sada imamo pravu tehnologiju za to.

We're going to fly into my colleague Peter's brain.

Uletjet ćemo u mozak mog kolege Petera.

We're going to do it non-invasively using MRI.

Učinit ćemo to neinvazivno koristeći MRI.

We don't have to inject anything. We don't need radiation.

Ne moramo ništa ubrizgati. Ne treba nam radijacija.

We will be able to fly into the anatomy of Peter's brain -- literally, fly into his body --

Moći ćemo uletjeti u anatomiju Peterovog mozga – doslovno uletjeti u njegovo tijelo –

but more importantly, we can look into his mind.

ali još važnije, možemo pogledati unutar njegovog uma.

When Peter moves his arm, that yellow spot you see there

Kada Peter pomakne svoju ruku, ova žuta točka je mjesto

is the interface to the functioning of Peter's mind taking place.

gdje Peterov um obavlja tu funkciju.

Now you've seen before that with electrodes you can control robotic arms,

Već ste vidjeli da se uz pomoć elektroda mogu kontrolirati robotske ruke,

that brain imaging and scanners can show you the insides of brains.

da snimanje i skeniranje mozga može pokazati unutrašnjost mozga.

What's new is that that process has typically taken days or months of analysis.

Za taj posao su trebali dani ili mjeseci analize.

We've collapsed that through technology to milliseconds,

Nova tehnologija smanjuje to vrijeme na milisekunde.

and that allows us to let Peter to look at his brain in real time as he's inside the scanner.

To omogućuje Peteru da gleda svoj mozak u stvarnom vremenu dok je u procesu skeniranja.

He can look at these 65,000 points of activation per second.

Može gledati u ovih 65,000 pobuđenih točaka u sekundi.

If he can see this pattern in his own brain, he can learn how to control it.

Ako može vidjeti taj uzorak u svom mozgu, može naučiti kontrolirati ga.

There have been three ways to try to impact the brain:

Do sada se na mozak moglo utjecati na tri načina:

the therapist's couch, pills and the knife.

psihijatrijski kauč, lijekovi i nož.

This is a fourth alternative that you are soon going to have.

Ovo je četvrta mogućnost koju ćete uskoro imati.

We all know that as we form thoughts, they form deep channels in our minds and in our brains.

Znamo da oblikovanjem misli one oblikuju dubinske kanale u našem umu i mozgu.

Chronic pain is an example. If you burn yourself, you pull your hand away.

Primjerice, kronična bol. Ako se opečete, odmah odmičete ruku.

But if you're still in pain in six months' or six years' time,

Ali ako ste u bolovima sljedećih šest mjeseci ili šest godina,

it's because these circuits are producing pain that's no longer helping you.

to je iz razloga što ti spojevi stvaraju bol koja vam više ne pomaže.

If we can look at the activation in the brain that's producing the pain,

Ako možemo vidjeti aktivnost u mozgu koja stvara bol,

we can form 3D models and watch in real time the brain process information,

možemo oblikovati 3D modele i promatrati u stvarnom vremenu kako mozak obrađuje informaciju.

and then we can select the areas that produce the pain.

Onda možemo prepoznati područja koja stvaraju bol.

So put your arms back up and flex your bicep.

Podignite sad ruku gore i stegnite biceps.

Now imagine that you will soon be able to look inside your brain

Zamislite da ćete uskoro moći gledati u svoj mozak

and select brain areas to do that same thing.

i odabrati područja mozga koja će napraviti tu istu stvar.

What you're seeing here is, we've selected the pathways in the brain of a chronic pain patient.

Ovdje vidite moždane putove u mozgu pacijenta s kroničnom boli.

This may shock you, but we're literally reading this person's brain in real time.

Možda će vas šokirati, ali doslovno čitamo mozak te osobe u stvarnom vremenu.

They're watching their own brain activation,

Oni gledaju svoju osobnu moždanu aktivnost

and they're controlling the pathway that produces their pain.

te kontroliraju putove koji stvaraju njihovu bol.

They're learning to flex this system that releases their own endogenous opiates.

Uče kako poticati sustav koji otpušta njihove vlastite, endogene opijate.

As they do it, in the upper left is a display

Dok to rade, gore lijevo se prikazuje

that's yoked to their brain activation of their own pain being controlled.

njihova moždana aktivnost i kontrole njihove boli.

When they control their brain, they can control their pain.

Dok kontroliraju svoj mozak, mogu kontrolirati svoju bol.

This is an investigational technology,

Ovo je tehnologija koja se istražuje,

but, in clinical trials, we're seeing a 44 to 64 percent decrease in chronic pain patients.

ali u kliničkim pokusima smo primjetili 44 do 64 posto smanjenja kronične boli pacijenata.

This is not "The Matrix." You can only do this to yourself. You take control.

Ovo nije «Matrix». Možete to učiniti samo na sebi. Vi preuzimate kontrolu.

I've seen inside my brain. You will too, soon.

Gledao sam unutar svog mozga. I vi ćete, uskoro.

When you do, what do you want to control?

Kada uđete unutra, što želite kontrolirati?

You will be able to look at all the aspects that make you yourself, all your experiences.

Moći ćete pogledati sve strane koje čine vašu osobnost, sva vaša iskustva.

These are some of the areas we're working on today that I don't have time to go into in detail.

Ovo su neka područja na kojima danas radimo, no nemamo sada vremena ulaziti u detalje.

But I want to leave with you the big question.

Ali želim vam ostaviti veliko pitanje.

We are the first generation that's going to be able to enter into,

Mi smo prva generacija koja će moći ući unutar uma

using this technology, the human mind and brain.

i mozga koristeći tehnologiju.

Where will we take it?

Kako ćemo to upotrijebiti?