Christopher deCharms: A look inside the brain in real time

90,727 views ・ 2008-03-27

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Seyoung Yoon κ²€ν† : Jaz Hong
00:12
Hi. I'm going to ask you to raise your arms and wave back,
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„, 손을 μœ„λ‘œ 올렀 ν”λ“€μ–΄μ£Όμ‹œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:15
just the way I am -- kind of a royal wave.
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μ œκ°€ ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ”°λΌν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ³ μƒν•˜κ²Œ ν”λ“€μ–΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
00:18
You can mimic what you can see.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ λˆˆμ— λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 것을 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ 따라할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:20
You can program the hundreds of muscles in your arm.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ νŒ”μ˜ 수 백가지 κ·Όμœ‘μ„ 자유자재둜 움직일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
Soon, you'll be able to look inside your brain and program,
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λ¨Έμ§€μ•Šμ•„ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ κ·Όμœ‘μ„ μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” 단계λ₯Ό λ„˜μ–΄
00:28
control the hundreds of brain areas that you see there.
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λ‡Œμ˜ 수 백가지 μ˜μ—­λ“€μ„ 직접 λ“€μ—¬λ‹€ 보며 μ œμ–΄ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
I'm going to tell you about that technology.
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μ΄λŠ” μ œκ°€ 였늘 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ μ†Œκ°œν•  기술의 μ£Όμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:33
People have wanted to look inside the human mind,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 수 천 λ…„λ™μ•ˆ
00:34
the human brain, for thousands of years.
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μΈκ°„μ˜ λ‡Œμ™€ 마음 속을 읽고 μ‹Άμ–΄ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
Well, coming out of the research labs just now, for our generation, is the possibility to do that.
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이에 λŒ€ν•œ ν•΄κ²°μ±…μ˜ μ‹€λ§ˆλ¦¬λŠ” μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ— 이λ₯΄λŸ¬μ„œμ•Ό 보이기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
People envision this as being very difficult.
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ‡Œλ₯Ό μ½λŠ” 것이 ꡉμž₯히 μ–΄λ €μš΄ μž‘μ—…μΌ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
You had to take a spaceship, shrink it down, inject it into the bloodstream.
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ν˜ˆκ΄€ μ†μœΌλ‘œ μ‘°κ·Έλ§ˆν•œ μΊ‘μŠμ„ μ§‘μ–΄λ„£λŠ” 것을 보톡 μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ”λ°
00:48
It was terribly dangerous. (Laughter)
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μ΄λŠ” ꡉμž₯히 μœ„ν—˜ν•œ μž‘μ—…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
You could be attacked by white blood cells in the arteries.
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동λ§₯μ—μ„œ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ λͺΈμ΄ 백혈ꡬ의 곡격을 받을 수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
00:53
But now, we have a real technology to do this.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이젠 이런 λ¬Έμ œμ μ„ ν”Όν•΄κ°€λŠ” 기술이 κ°œλ°œλμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
We're going to fly into my colleague Peter's brain.
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제 λ™λ£ŒμΈ ν”Όν„°μ˜ λ‡Œ μ†μœΌλ‘œ λ“€μ–΄κ°€λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
00:59
We're going to do it non-invasively using MRI.
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MRIλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄ ν”Όν„°μ˜ λ‡Œλ₯Ό λ“€μ—¬λ‹€ λ³Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:02
We don't have to inject anything. We don't need radiation.
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λΆˆν•„μš”ν•˜κ²Œ 무엇을 μ‚½μž…ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 방사선을 μ΄μš©ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μ „ν˜€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:06
We will be able to fly into the anatomy of Peter's brain -- literally, fly into his body --
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λ³΄μ‹œλŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ ν”Όν„°μ˜ λ‡Œ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό μ λ‚˜λΌν•˜κ²Œ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:11
but more importantly, we can look into his mind.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν”Όν„°μ˜ λ§ˆμŒμ„ 읽을 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
When Peter moves his arm, that yellow spot you see there
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ν”Όν„°κ°€ νŒ”μ„ μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” μˆœκ°„ ν”Όν„°μ˜ λ‡Œμ— λ…Έλž€μƒ‰ 뢀뢄이 λ³΄μ΄λŠ”λ°, 이것은
01:16
is the interface to the functioning of Peter's mind taking place.
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νŒ”μ„ μ›€μ§μ΄λ©΄μ„œ λ‡Œμ˜ μ–΄λ–€ 뢀뢄이 ν™œμ„±ν™”λ˜λŠ”μ§€ λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
Now you've seen before that with electrodes you can control robotic arms,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ€ 이미 전극을 μ΄μš©ν•΄ λ‘œλ΄‡ νŒ”μ„ 움직일 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것과
01:23
that brain imaging and scanners can show you the insides of brains.
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λ‡Œ μŠ€μΊλ„ˆλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄ λ‡Œ λ‚΄λΆ€ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό λ³Ό 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  계싀 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:27
What's new is that that process has typically taken days or months of analysis.
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이 기술과 κΈ°μ‘΄ 기술의 차이점은 λ©°μΉ μ—μ„œ λͺ‡ λ‹¬κΉŒμ§€ 걸릴
01:32
We've collapsed that through technology to milliseconds,
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정보 처리 μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ°€λ¦¬μ΄ˆλŒ€λ‘œ μ€„μ˜€λ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:35
and that allows us to let Peter to look at his brain in real time as he's inside the scanner.
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덕뢄에 ν”Όν„°λŠ” λ‡Œ μŠ€μΊλ„ˆ 속에 앉아 μžμ‹ μ˜ λ‡Œ 속 λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
He can look at these 65,000 points of activation per second.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ΄ˆλ‹Ή 6만 5천 개의 λ‡Œ ν™œμ„± 지점듀을 감지할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
If he can see this pattern in his own brain, he can learn how to control it.
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이처럼 λ‡Œ 속 νŒ¨ν„΄ 감지λ₯Ό 톡해 ν”Όν„°λŠ” μžμ‹ μ˜ λ‡Œλ₯Ό μ œμ–΄ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 배울 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:48
There have been three ways to try to impact the brain:
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λ‡Œμ— λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μ£ΌλŠ” 기쑴의 λ°©λ²•μ—λŠ” μ„Έ 가지가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
the therapist's couch, pills and the knife.
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λ°”λ‘œ μ •μ‹  치료, μ•½λ¬Ό 볡용, 그리고 λ³‘μ›μ—μ„œμ˜ μˆ˜μˆ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
This is a fourth alternative that you are soon going to have.
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이 κΈ°μˆ μ€ λ‡Œμ— λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μ£ΌκΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ˜λ‹€λ₯Έ 방법이 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
We all know that as we form thoughts, they form deep channels in our minds and in our brains.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 생각을 톡해 λ‡Œ 속 νšŒλ‘œκ°€ μƒμ„±λ˜κ³  λ³€κ²½λœλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
Chronic pain is an example. If you burn yourself, you pull your hand away.
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λ§Œμ„± 톡증을 예둜 λ“€μ–΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. 손을 데이면 λ°˜μ‚¬μ μœΌλ‘œ 손을 치우게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
But if you're still in pain in six months' or six years' time,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 6달 ν˜Ήμ€ 6년이 μ§€λ‚˜λ„ 톡증이 μ§€μ†λœλ‹€λ©΄
02:12
it's because these circuits are producing pain that's no longer helping you.
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μ΄λŠ” λ‡Œ 속 잘λͺ»λœ νšŒλ‘œκ°€ λΆˆν•„μš”ν•œ 톡증을 μƒμ„±ν•˜κ³  있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
If we can look at the activation in the brain that's producing the pain,
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λ§Œμ•½ 톡증이 μƒμ„±λ˜λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ λ‡Œμ—μ„œ ν™œμ„±ν™”λ˜λŠ” 뢀뢄을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
02:19
we can form 3D models and watch in real time the brain process information,
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3D λͺ¨λΈμ„ 톡해 λ‡Œ μ†μ—μ„œ 정보가 μ²˜λ¦¬λ˜λŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ 보고
02:24
and then we can select the areas that produce the pain.
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λ‡Œ 속 톡증을 μœ λ°œν•˜λŠ” 뢀뢄듀을 골라낼 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
So put your arms back up and flex your bicep.
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손을 λ‹€μ‹œ μœ„λ‘œ μ˜¬λ €μ„œ νŒ”μ„ κ΅½ν˜€λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
02:30
Now imagine that you will soon be able to look inside your brain
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이제 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λ‡Œ 속을 직접 보고 νŒ”μ„ ꡽힐 λ•Œ
02:34
and select brain areas to do that same thing.
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ν™œμ„±ν™”λ˜λŠ” λ‡Œ 뢀뢄듀을 골라낼 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒμƒν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
02:36
What you're seeing here is, we've selected the pathways in the brain of a chronic pain patient.
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μ§€κΈˆ λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 것은 λ§Œμ„± 톡증 ν™˜μžμ˜ λ‡Œ 속 κ²½λ‘œλ“€μ„ 골라낸 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:40
This may shock you, but we're literally reading this person's brain in real time.
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μ’€ 좩격적일지도 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 사싀상 이 μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ λ‡Œλ₯Ό μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ 읽고 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
They're watching their own brain activation,
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ν™˜μžλ“€μ€ μžμ‹ μ˜ λ‡Œ 속 ν™œμ„±ν™”λœ 뢀뢄듀을 직접 λ³΄λ©΄μ„œ
02:46
and they're controlling the pathway that produces their pain.
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톡증을 μœ λ°œν•˜λŠ” 경둜λ₯Ό μ œμ–΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
They're learning to flex this system that releases their own endogenous opiates.
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내생적 μ§„μ •μ œλ₯Ό μƒμ„±ν•˜λŠ” 체내 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μ‘°μ ˆν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
As they do it, in the upper left is a display
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ν™”λ©΄ μ™Όμͺ½ μœ„λ₯Ό λ³΄μ‹œλ©΄ 톡증을 μ œμ–΄ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
02:57
that's yoked to their brain activation of their own pain being controlled.
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λ‡Œκ°€ ν™œμ„±ν™”λœ 뢀뢄을 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:01
When they control their brain, they can control their pain.
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λ‡Œλ₯Ό μ‘°μ ˆν•˜λ©΄μ„œ λ™μ‹œμ— 톡증도 μ‘°μ ˆν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:05
This is an investigational technology,
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이 κΈ°μˆ μ€ 아직 μ™„μ„±λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ§€λ§Œ
03:07
but, in clinical trials, we're seeing a 44 to 64 percent decrease in chronic pain patients.
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μ—¬νƒœκΉŒμ§€μ˜ μž„μƒ μ‹€ν—˜μ—μ„œλŠ” λ§Œμ„± ν™˜μžμ˜ 톡증을 44%μ—μ„œ 64%κΉŒμ§€ 쀄일 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
This is not "The Matrix." You can only do this to yourself. You take control.
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이 κΈ°μˆ μ€ μ˜ν™” λ§€νŠΈλ¦­μŠ€κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. 였직 λ‹Ήμ‹ λ§Œμ΄ μžμ‹ μ˜ λ‡Œλ₯Ό μ œμ–΄ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
I've seen inside my brain. You will too, soon.
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μ €λŠ” 제 λ‡Œ 속을 이미 λ“€μ—¬λ‹€ λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œλ„ 그럴 날이 곧 올 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
When you do, what do you want to control?
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κ·Έ 날이 였면 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 무엇을 μ œμ–΄ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμœΌμ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:24
You will be able to look at all the aspects that make you yourself, all your experiences.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 자기 μžμ‹ μ˜ λ©΄λͺ¨μ™€ μžμ‹ μ΄ κ²ͺ은 κ²½ν—˜μ„ λͺ¨λ‘ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:29
These are some of the areas we're working on today that I don't have time to go into in detail.
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μ‹œκ°„μ΄ λΆ€μ‘±ν•΄μ„œ 더 이상 ꡬ체적으둜 μ–˜κΈ°ν•˜μ§€λŠ” λͺ»ν•˜κ² μ§€λ§Œ
03:34
But I want to leave with you the big question.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 생각할거리λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜ 던져 λ“œλ¦¬κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
We are the first generation that's going to be able to enter into,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 μ‹ κΈ°μˆ μ„ 톡해 μΈκ°„μ˜ λ‡Œμ™€ 마음 속을
03:40
using this technology, the human mind and brain.
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λ“€μ—¬λ‹€ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” 첫 μ„ΈλŒ€κ°€ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
Where will we take it?
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ•žμœΌλ‘œ 이 κΈ°μˆ μ„ κ³Όμ—° μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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