Turning trash into toys for learning | Arvind Gupta

508,467 views ・ 2011-05-02

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翻译人员: mengyun kong 校对人员: Angelia King
00:15
My name is Arvind Gupta, and I'm a toymaker.
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我叫阿尔温德·古普塔。我制作玩具。
00:18
I've been making toys for the last 30 years.
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过去三十年,我一直在制作玩具。
00:21
The early '70s, I was in college.
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七十年代早期的时候我还在学校。
00:23
It was a very revolutionary time.
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那是一个常闹革命的时代
00:25
It was a political ferment, so to say --
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当时政局并不稳定——这么说吧,
00:28
students out in the streets of Paris,
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学生们都走上了巴黎街头
00:30
revolting against authority.
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反抗当局
00:32
America was jolted
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美国则被
00:34
by the anti-Vietnam movement, the Civil Rights movement.
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反越南战争运动和民权运动搞得措手不及
00:37
In India, we had the Naxalite movement,
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我们在印度则有纳萨尔巴里运动
00:40
the [unclear] movement.
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和一些别的运动
00:42
But you know, when there is a political churning of society,
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但你知道,当社会上出现政治骚动时,
00:44
it unleashes a lot of energy.
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也释放了大量能量
00:47
The National Movement of India
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印度国民运动
00:49
was testimony to that.
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就是一个很好的例子
00:51
Lots of people resigned from well-paid jobs
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许多人辞去了高薪工作
00:55
and jumped into the National Movement.
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转而投入到国民运动中去。
00:57
Now in the early '70s,
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就在这七十年代早期
00:59
one of the great programs in India
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在乡镇学校里
01:01
was to revitalize
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重振初等科学教育
01:03
primary science in village schools.
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是当时印度的了不起的举措之一。
01:05
There was a person, Anil Sadgopal, did a Ph.D. from Caltech
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当时有一个叫Anil Sadgopal的分子生物学家
01:08
and returned back as a molecular biologist
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从加利福尼亚理工学院拿到了博士学位,
01:10
in India's cutting-edge research institute, the TIFR.
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并回到了印度前沿科研机构塔塔基础研究学会TIFR。
01:13
At 31, he was not able
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31岁的他没法
01:15
to relate the kind of [unclear] research,
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将他的研究
01:17
which he was doing with the lives of the ordinary people.
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与大众的生命联系起来。
01:20
So he designed and went and started a village science program.
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于是他设计并创办了一个乡村科学项目
01:23
Many people were inspired by this.
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这启发了许多人。
01:25
The slogan of the early '70s
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70年代早期的口号是
01:27
was "Go to the people.
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“走近百姓,
01:29
Live with them; love them.
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与他们一起生活,关爱他们。
01:31
Start from what they know. Build on what they have."
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从他们知道的开始,以他们拥有的为基础。”
01:34
This was kind of the defining slogan.
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口号的定义就是这个。
01:36
Well I took one year.
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我参加了一年。
01:38
I joined Telco, made TATA trucks, pretty close to Pune.
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我加入了塔塔汽車Telco, 在浦那Pune附近制造塔塔牌TATA卡车
01:41
I worked there for two years,
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我在那儿工作了两年
01:43
and I realized that I was not born to make trucks.
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然后意识到我不是生来造卡车的。
01:46
Often one doesn't know what one wants to do,
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人们经常不知道他们想干什么,
01:48
but it's good enough to know what you don't want to do.
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但知道自己不想干什么就已经够好了。
01:50
So I took one year off, and I went to this village science program.
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所以我休假一年并去参加了乡镇科学项目。
01:53
And it was a turning point.
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我的人生就在这里改变了。
01:55
It was a very small village --
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那是一个很小的村子
01:57
a weekly bazaar
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每周有集市
01:59
where people, just once in a week, they put in all the vats.
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在这一周一次的集市上人们会把东西都放到大染缸里。
02:02
So I said, "I'm going to spend a year over here."
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我说,“我将要在这儿过一年呢!”
02:04
So I just bought one specimen
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于是路边卖的所有东西
02:06
of everything which was sold on the roadside.
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我都买了一件。
02:08
And one thing which I found
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其中我就发现了
02:10
was this black rubber.
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这个炭黑橡胶
02:12
This is called a cycle valve tube.
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这个叫气门管
02:14
When you pump in air in a bicycle, you use a bit of this.
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给自行车打气的时候,你会用到它
02:17
And some of these models --
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这些模型也会用到它
02:19
so you take a bit of this cycle valve tube,
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所以我们取一点气门管
02:21
you can put two matchsticks inside this, and you make a flexible joint.
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把两个火柴棍放进去,我们就得到了一个灵活的接头
02:24
It's a joint of tubes. You start by teaching angles --
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我们可以开始教学角形了——
02:27
an acute angle, a right angle, an obtuse angle, a straight angle.
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锐角,直角,钝角,平角。
02:29
It's like its own little coupling.
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这是它本身的组合。
02:31
If you have three of them, and you loop them together,
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如果我们有这样的三个,并全都连接起来,
02:33
well you make a triangle.
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我们就有了三角形
02:35
With four, you make a square,
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4个,就有了方形
02:37
you make a pentagon, you make a hexagon,
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五边形,六边形,
02:39
you make all these kind of polygons.
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所有多边形。
02:41
And they have some wonderful properties.
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而且它们有些很妙的性质
02:43
If you look at the hexagon, for instance,
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比如说六边形,
02:45
it's like an amoeba, which is constantly changing its own profile.
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它像个变形虫一样,它可以不停的变化形状
02:48
You can just pull this out, this becomes a rectangle.
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我们把这个拉出来,它就成了矩形
02:50
You give it a push, this becomes a parallelogram.
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推一下呢,又变成了平行四边形
02:52
But this is very shaky.
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但它很不稳定
02:54
Look at the pentagon, for instance,
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再看五边形
02:56
pull this out -- it becomes a boat shape trapezium.
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拉出来,它成了梯形
02:58
Push it and it becomes house shaped.
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推一下,它又成了屋形
03:00
This becomes an isosceles triangle --
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它可以变成等腰三角形
03:02
again, very shaky.
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还是很不稳定
03:04
This square might look very square and prim.
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这个方形可能看上去很方很整齐
03:06
Give it a little push -- this becomes a rhombus.
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轻轻推一下它,就变成了菱形
03:08
It becomes kite-shaped.
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也可以是风筝形
03:10
But give a child a triangle,
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但如果给孩子一个三角形
03:12
he can't do a thing to it.
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他什么也弄不出来
03:14
Why use triangles?
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为什么是三角形呢?
03:16
Because triangles are the only rigid structures.
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因为三角形是唯一的坚固结构
03:18
We can't make a bridge with squares
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我们不能用方形来造桥
03:20
because the train would come, it would start doing a jig.
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因为当火车开上去的时候,它会开始上下颠簸
03:23
Ordinary people know about this
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大部分人都知道这个
03:25
because if you go to a village in India,
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因为即使在印度的乡村
03:27
they might not have gone to engineering college,
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人们可能并没有上过工程学院
03:29
but no one makes a roof placed like this.
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但没有人会造一个这样的屋顶
03:31
Because if they put tiles on top, it's just going to crash.
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因为如果那样,当瓦片放上去的时候,它会塌掉
03:34
They always make a triangular roof.
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人们总是用三角形的屋顶
03:36
Now this is people science.
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这就是大众科学
03:38
And if you were to just poke a hole over here
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现在,假使你在这个戳了个洞
03:40
and put a third matchstick,
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然后放了第三根火柴
03:42
you'll get a T joint.
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你就得到了一个T形连接
03:44
And if I were to poke all the three legs of this
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而如果我在这个三角形的三个顶点上
03:46
in the three vertices of this triangle,
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插上这个T形连接的三条边
03:48
I would make a tetrahedron.
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我就有了一个四面体
03:50
So you make all these 3D shapes.
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这样一来我们又有了所有立体图形
03:52
You make a tetrahedron like this.
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我们做了这样一个四面体
03:55
And once you make these,
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一旦有了这些
03:59
you make a little house.
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我们就可以搭一个小房子
04:03
Put this on top.
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把这个放在顶上
04:05
You can make a joint of four. You can make a joint of six.
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也可以连4个。也可以连6个。
04:07
You just need a ton.
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可以有很多很多
04:10
Now this was -- you make a joint of six,
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这个是,你连接了6个,
04:12
you make an icosahedron.
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得到了一个二十面体
04:14
You can play around with it.
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你可以摆弄它
04:16
This makes an igloo.
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这样就成了一个拱形冰屋
04:18
Now this is in 1978.
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现在,时间到了1978年
04:20
I was a 24-year-old young engineer.
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我是一个24岁的青年工程师
04:23
And I thought this was so much better than making trucks.
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而我觉得这比造卡车有意义得多
04:27
(Applause)
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(掌声)
04:32
If you, as a matter of fact, put four marbles inside,
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事实上,如果我们放四颗弹子在里面
04:35
you simulate the molecular structure of methane, CH4.
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我们就模仿了甲烷(CH4)的分子结构
04:38
Four atoms of hydrogen, the four points of the tetrahedron,
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四面体的四顶点代表四个氢原子
04:40
which means the little carbon atom.
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这代表碳原子
04:42
Well since then,
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从这时起,
04:44
I just thought that I've been really privileged
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我就觉得我应当
04:47
to go to over 2,000 schools in my country --
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到我的国家里2000多所学校去
04:51
village schools, government schools,
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乡镇学校,国立学校
04:53
municipal schools, Ivy League schools --
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市立学校,常青藤联盟学校
04:55
I've been invited by most of them.
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我被大部分学校邀请
04:57
And every time I go to a school,
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每次我到一个学校里
04:59
I see a gleam in the eyes of the children.
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我看见孩子们眼里闪着光
05:01
I see hope. I see happiness in their faces.
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我看见希望,我看见他们脸上的幸福
05:04
Children want to make things. Children want to do things.
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孩子们想制造东西。孩子们想动手做。
05:07
Now this, we make lots and lots of pumps.
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现在,我们做了很多很多泵
05:10
Now this is a little pump
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这是一个小型的泵
05:12
with which you could inflate a balloon.
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你可以用它来给气球打气
05:14
It's a real pump. You could actually pop the balloon.
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它真的能用。你甚至可以把气球弄爆
05:17
And we have a slogan
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我们还有一句话叫
05:19
that the best thing a child can do with a toy is to break it.
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小孩对玩具能做的最好的事就是拆了它
05:22
So all you do is --
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所以这就是我们能做的——
05:24
it's a very kind of provocative statement --
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这听起来很挑衅——
05:26
this old bicycle tube and this old plastic [unclear]
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老化的自行车内胎和老化的塑料管
05:28
This filling cap will go very snugly into an old bicycle tube.
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这个注水盖刚好可以插进这个自行车老内胎里
05:31
And this is how you make a valve.
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这就是如何做好一个阀门的
05:33
You put a little sticky tape.
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再在上面贴一个胶带
05:37
This is one-way traffic.
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这就变成单向流通的了
05:41
Well we make lots and lots of pumps.
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我们还做非常多非常多的泵
05:43
And this is the other one --
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这是另一个
05:45
that you just take a straw, and you just put a stick inside
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你只需要一根吸管,然后放一根小棍进去
05:47
and you make two half-cuts.
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再对半分
05:49
Now this is what you do,
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接下来
05:51
is you bend both these legs into a triangle,
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把这些棱折成三角形
05:53
and you just wrap some tape around.
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你只需要再缠一些带子在上面
05:55
And this is the pump.
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就有了一个泵
05:57
And now, if you have this pump,
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如果你有了这个泵
06:00
it's like a great, great sprinkler.
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它就像一个洒水机一样
06:03
It's like a centrifuge.
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就像一个离心机
06:05
If you spin something, it tends to fly out.
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当把它旋转起来并洒点东西上去,它们就会满天飞了
06:08
(Applause)
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(掌声)
06:10
Well in terms of -- if you were in Andhra Pradesh,
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假使你(不清楚)
06:12
you would make this with the palmyra leaf.
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她会用棕榈叶来做这个
06:14
Many of our folk toys
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我们民间玩具中有很多
06:16
have great science principles.
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都蕴含着伟大的科学原理
06:18
If you spin-top something, it tends to fly out.
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如果你旋转某物,它就会飞起来
06:20
If I do it with both hands, you can see this fun Mr. Flying Man.
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如果我两只手来做这个,你就会看见有趣的飞人先生了
06:25
Right.
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对吧
06:29
This is a toy which is made from paper. It's amazing.
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这是一个纸制的玩具,叫人赞叹不已。
06:32
There are four pictures.
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这上面有四幅画
06:34
You see insects,
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你看见昆虫
06:36
you see frogs, snakes, eagles, butterflies,
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青蛙,蛇,鹰,蝴蝶
06:38
frogs, snakes, eagles.
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青蛙,蛇,鹰
06:40
Here's a paper which you could [unclear] --
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这是一张能和你一起跳舞的纸
06:42
designed by a mathematician at Harvard in 1928,
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它由哈佛的数学家阿瑟·斯通
06:44
Arthur Stone,
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在1928年时发明
06:46
documented by Martin Gardner in many of his many books.
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马丁·加德纳则在他的很多书中写到了它
06:49
But this is great fun for children.
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这对孩子们来说是超级好玩的
06:51
They all study about the food chain.
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他们都学习食物链
06:53
The insects are eaten by the frogs; the frogs are eaten by the snakes;
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昆虫被青蛙吃,青蛙被蛇吃
06:55
the snakes are eaten by the eagles.
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蛇被鹰吃
06:57
And this can be, if you had a whole photocopy paper --
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如果你有一张照相纸,或者
06:59
A4 size paper --
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A4纸,你就能做它
07:01
you could be in a municipal school, you could be in a government school --
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你可以是在市立学校,或者国立学校
07:04
a paper, a scale and a pencil -- no glue, no scissors.
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一张纸,一把尺子和一支铅笔就够了,不用胶水也不用剪刀
07:07
In three minutes, you just fold this up.
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三分钟,你就能折好
07:10
And what you could use it for is just limited by your imagination.
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你能用它做任何你想做的事情
07:13
If you take a smaller paper, you make a smaller flexagon.
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如果你用小一点的纸,你就有一个小一点的模型
07:16
With a bigger one, you make a bigger one.
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用大一点的纸,就会有一个大一点的模型
07:21
Now this is a pencil with a few slots over here.
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这是一只铅笔,上面有一些凹槽
07:23
And you put a little fan here.
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然后在这儿放上一片扇叶
07:25
And this is a hundred-year-old toy.
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这是个有百岁历史的玩具了
07:27
There have been six major research papers on this.
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目前为止关于它已经有六篇重要论文
07:30
There's some grooves over here, you can see.
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你还能在这儿看到一些凹线
07:32
And if I take a reed -- if I rub this,
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现在我用一个簧片来刮它
07:34
something very amazing happens.
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令人惊叹的发生了
07:36
Six major research papers on this.
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有六篇重大论文来讨论它
07:38
As a matter of fact, Feynman, as a child, was very fascinated by this.
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事实上,有个叫费因曼的孩子觉得这个很神奇
07:40
He wrote a paper on this.
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然后他就写了一篇关于它的论文
07:42
And you don't need the three billion-dollar Hadron Collider
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你不需要一台三十亿美元的强子对撞机
07:44
for doing this. (Laughter) (Applause)
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就能做这些
07:46
This is there for every child,
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每个孩子都能玩到
07:48
and every child can enjoy this.
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每个孩子都玩得很开心
07:50
If you want to put a colored disk,
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如果你想放上一张彩色磁盘
07:53
well all these seven colors coalesce.
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七种颜色合在一起
07:55
And this is what Newton talked about 400 years back,
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这就是牛顿400年前讨论的
07:58
that white light's made of seven colors,
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白光由七色光组成
08:00
just by spinning this around.
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仅仅是转转它而已
08:02
This is a straw.
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这是一根吸管
08:05
What we've done, we've just sealed both the ends with tape,
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我们已经把两头用胶带封起来
08:08
nipped the right corner and the bottom left corner,
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封闭了右上边和左下角
08:10
so there's holes in the opposite corners, there's a little hole over here.
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所以对角有孔,这儿也有一个小孔
08:13
This is a kind of a blowing straw.
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这是根吹气管
08:15
I just put this inside this.
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我把它放进去
08:17
There's a hole here, and I shut this.
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这儿有个洞,我堵上它
08:25
And this costs very little money to make --
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这几乎不用钱就能做
08:27
great fun for children to do.
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而对孩子们来说却很有趣
08:29
What we do
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现在要做的是
08:31
is make a very simple electric motor.
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做一个非常简易的电动机
08:33
Now this is the simplest motor on Earth.
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这是世界上最简易的电动机
08:37
The most expensive thing is the battery inside this.
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电池是它里面最贵的东西
08:40
If you have a battery, it costs five cents to make it.
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如果你有一个电池,制作它只需要5分钱
08:43
This is an old bicycle tube,
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这是一个旧自行车管
08:45
which gives you a broad rubber band, two safety pins.
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一根宽宽的橡胶带,两枚保险别针
08:47
This is a permanent magnet.
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这是一个永磁铁
08:49
Whenever current flows through the coil, this becomes an electromagnet.
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当电流经过线圈,它就成了电磁铁
08:52
It's the interaction of both these magnets
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正是这些磁力的相互作用
08:54
which makes this motor spin.
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使这个电动机转起来
08:56
We made 30,000.
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我们做了三万个
08:58
Teachers who have been teaching science for donkey years,
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老师们教科学已经很长时间了
09:01
they just muck up the definition and they spit it out.
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他们把定义们弄混并生硬地讲出来
09:04
When teachers make it, children make it.
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如果老师来做这个,孩子们也做这个
09:06
You can see a gleam in their eye.
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你就能看见他们眼里闪着的光
09:08
They get a thrill
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他们感到兴奋
09:11
of what science is all about.
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想知道科学到底都是些什么
09:13
And this science is not a rich man's game.
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而科学也不再是一个有钱人的游戏了
09:15
In a democratic country,
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在一个民主国家
09:17
science must reach to our most oppressed,
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科学必须为我们广大群众所了解
09:20
to the most marginalized children.
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为广大边缘儿童所了解
09:22
This program started with 16 schools
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这个项目从16所学校开始
09:25
and spread to 1,500 government schools.
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发展到1500所国立学校
09:28
Over 100,000 children learn science this way.
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超过100000名儿童用这样的方式来学习科学
09:32
And we're just trying to see possibilities.
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我们正试图去看看这可行性。
09:34
Look, this is the tetrapak --
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看,这是个利乐包
09:36
awful materials from the point of view of the environment.
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所有材料都是环保的
09:39
There are six layers -- three layers of plastic, aluminum --
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他们有六层——三层塑料三层铝——
09:42
which are are sealed together.
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都封在一起了
09:44
They are fused together, so you can't separate them.
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他们都被熔在一起,所以我们没法分离他们
09:46
Now you can just make a little network like this
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现在我们可以就像这样制作一些小的连接体
09:48
and fold them and stick them together
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折叠并把它们粘起来
09:50
and make an icosahedron.
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就做成了一个二十面体
09:52
So something which is trash,
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所以这些垃圾
09:54
which is choking all the seabirds,
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这些把海鸟们噎住的废物
09:57
you could just recycle this into a very, very joyous --
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可以被很愉快的循环利用起来
10:00
all the platonic solids can be made with things like this.
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科学里的很多东西都可以做成像这样的玩具
10:03
This is a little straw,
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这是一个小吸管
10:06
and what you do is you just nip two corners here,
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然后你把两个角捏住
10:10
and this becomes like a baby crocodile's mouth.
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它变得像小鳄鱼的嘴巴
10:14
You put this in your mouth, and you blow.
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把它放进嘴巴里,吹气
10:16
(Honk)
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(声音)
10:18
It's children's delight, a teacher's envy, as they say.
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他们说,这让孩子们高兴,让老师嫉妒
10:22
You're not able to see how the sound is produced,
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你没法看见这个声音是如何产生的
10:24
because the thing which is vibrating goes inside my mouth.
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因为振动的东西正在你的嘴里
10:27
I'm going to keep this outside, to blow out. I'm going to suck in air.
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我把这个留在外面。我将要吸气。
10:30
(Honk)
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(声音)
10:32
So no one actually needs to muck up the production of sound
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所以事实上没有人需要把声音产生的原理用线振动
10:35
with wire vibrations.
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解释得一团糟
10:37
The other is that you keep blowing at it,
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另外,你可以一直吹气
10:39
keep making the sound,
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一直发出声音
10:41
and you keep cutting it.
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然后一直剪短它
10:43
And something very, very nice happens.
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相当有趣的事发生了
10:45
(Honk)
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(声音)
10:57
(Applause)
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(掌声)
11:00
And when you get a very small one --
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当你剩很小的一截时
11:02
(Honk)
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(声音)
11:05
This is what the kids teach you. You can also do this.
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这是孩子们教的,你也能这么做
11:08
Well before I go any further,
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在我讲后面的故事之前,
11:10
this is something worth sharing.
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有个东西必需要和你们分享
11:12
This is a touching slate meant for blind children.
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这是给盲童的触摸板
11:14
This is strips of Velcro, this is my drawing slate,
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这是尼龙线,这是画图板
11:17
and this is my drawing pen,
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这是我的画笔
11:19
which is basically a film box.
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基本上要有一个胶片盒
11:21
It's basically like a fisherman's line,
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还要有像钓鱼人的线一样的东西,
11:25
a fishing line.
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钓鱼线
11:27
And this is wool over here.
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这是毛线
11:29
If I crank the handle, all the wool goes inside.
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当我转动手柄时,毛线会被转进去
11:32
And what a blind child can do is to just draw this.
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一个盲童就可以用这个来画画
11:36
Wool sticks on Velcro.
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尼龙毛线签
11:40
There are 12 million blind children in our country --
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我们的国家有一千两百万盲童
11:43
(Applause)
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(掌声)
11:45
who live in a world of darkness.
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他们活在黑暗之中
11:47
And this has come as a great boon to them.
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这对他们来说是一个很大的恩惠
11:50
There's a factory out there making our children blind,
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也许在那里有一个工厂使我们的孩子们失明
11:53
not able to provide them with food,
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没法给他们提供食物
11:55
not able to provide them with vitamin A.
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没法给他们维生素A
11:57
But this has come as a great boon for them.
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但这对他们来说会是一个天大的恩惠
11:59
There are no patents. Anyone can make it.
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没有专利,所有人都能制造它
12:03
This is very, very simple.
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这非常非常简单
12:05
You can see, this is the generator. It's a crank generator.
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你看,这是一个发电机,曲柄发电机
12:08
These are two magnets.
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它有两个磁铁
12:10
This is a large pulley made by sandwiching rubber between two old CDs.
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这个大滑轮由两张旧CD夹着橡胶制成
12:13
Small pulley and two strong magnets.
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小滑轮和两个强磁铁
12:15
And this fiber turns a wire attached to an LED.
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导线连接这一个LED灯
12:18
If I spin this pulley, the small one's going to spin much faster.
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当我转动大滑轮时,小的也开始转,但快得多
12:20
There will be a spinning magnetic field.
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这儿会有一个旋转的磁场
12:22
Lines, of course, would be cut, the force will be generated.
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磁场线被切割,产生了力
12:25
And you can see, this LED is going to glow.
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你会看见,LED灯亮起来了
12:27
So this is a small crank generator.
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这个就是小型的曲柄发电机
12:31
Well, this is, again,
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再来看这个,
12:34
it's just a ring, a steel ring with steel nuts.
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这只是个环,有钢螺母的钢圈
12:37
And what you can do
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你可以做的是,
12:39
is just, if you give it a twirl,
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如果你旋转它
12:42
well they just keep going on.
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那么它们就会一直转
12:48
And imagine a bunch of kids
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想象有一群孩子
12:50
standing in a circle
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站成一个圈
12:52
and just waiting for the steel ring to be passed on.
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都在等着传这个钢圈
12:54
And they'd be absolutely joyous playing with this.
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他们绝对会玩得很开心
12:59
Well in the end, what we can also do:
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最后,我们还可以做的是,
13:01
we use a lot of old newspapers
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我们用旧报纸
13:04
to make caps.
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来做帽子
13:06
This is worthy of Sachin Tendulkar.
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对沙奇·德鲁卡来说这很值
13:08
It's a great cricket cap. (Laughter) (Applause)
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这是个很棒的板球帽
13:11
When first you see Nehru and Gandhi,
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首先你看到尼赫鲁和甘地
13:13
this is the Nehru cap -- just half a newspaper.
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这是尼赫鲁帽——只是半张报纸而已
13:16
We make lots of toys with newspapers,
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我们能用报纸做很多玩具
13:18
and this is one of them.
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这是其中之一
13:20
And this is -- you can see --
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你看这个
13:22
this is a flapping bird.
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这个是一只正拍着翅膀的鸟
13:25
All of our old newspapers, we cut them into little squares.
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我们把旧报纸都分割成小正方形
13:28
And if you have one of these birds --
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如果你有这么一只鸟
13:30
children in Japan have been making this bird for many, many years.
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日本小孩折这个鸟已经好多年了
13:35
And you can see,
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像你看到的一样,
13:37
this is a little fantail bird.
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这是一只小扇尾鸟
13:41
Well in the end, I'll just end with a story.
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那么在最后,让我用一个故事来做结尾
13:44
This is called "The Captain's Hat Story."
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这是“船长帽子的故事”
13:46
The captain was a captain of a sea-going ship.
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船长是一艘航海船的船长
13:48
It goes very slowly.
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船开得很慢
13:50
And there were lots of passengers on the ship,
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船上有很多乘客
13:52
and they were getting bored, so the captain invited them on the deck.
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大家感到很无聊,于是船长邀请他们到甲板去
13:54
"Wear all your colorful clothes and sing and dance,
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“穿上你们所有鲜艳的衣服,唱歌跳舞吧,
13:56
and I'll provide you with good food and drinks."
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我会给你们美食美酒。”
13:58
And the captain would wear a cap everyday
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船长每天都带着一顶帽子
14:00
and join in the regalia.
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穿着船长服
14:02
The first day, it was a huge umbrella cap,
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第一天是很大的伞帽
14:04
like a captain's cap.
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就像船长帽一样
14:06
That night, when the passengers would be sleeping,
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那天晚上,当乘客们睡觉的时候
14:09
he would give it one more fold,
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他折了一下帽子
14:11
and the second day, he would be wearing a fireman's cap --
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于是第二天成了消防员帽
14:13
with a little shoot just like a designer cap,
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后面还有一个小尖角,像是一顶设计师帽
14:15
because it protects the spinal cord.
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因为这可以保护脊髓
14:18
And the second night, he would take the same cap
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然后第二晚,他把这个帽子
14:20
and give it another fold.
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又折了一下
14:22
And the third day, it would be a Shikari cap --
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于是第三天成了猎装帽
14:24
just like an adventurer's cap.
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就像是冒险家帽
14:27
And the third night, he would give it two more folds --
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第三晚,他又折了两下
14:30
and this is a very, very famous cap.
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这次成了一顶很有名的帽子
14:32
If you've seen any of our Bollywood films,
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如果你看过任何我们宝莱坞电影的话
14:34
this is what the policeman wears,
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这是警察戴的帽子
14:36
it's called a zapalu cap.
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它叫Zapalu帽
14:38
It's been catapulted to international glory.
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它在国际上也已经很出名了
14:41
And we must not forget that he was the captain of the ship.
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我们不能忘记他是这艘船的船长
14:44
So that's a ship.
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所以,这是船
14:46
And now the end:
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现在结局来了
14:48
everyone was enjoying the journey very much.
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大家都享受这次旅程
14:50
They were singing and dancing.
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人们唱啊跳啊
14:52
Suddenly there was a storm and huge waves.
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突然间,暴风雨和巨浪袭来
14:55
And all the ship can do is to dance and pitch along with the waves.
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船只能随着海浪摆动颠簸
14:58
A huge wave comes and slaps the front
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一个巨浪打中船头
15:00
and knocks it down.
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并把它打了下来
15:02
And another one comes and slaps the aft and knocks it down.
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另一个巨浪打掉了船尾
15:05
And there's a third one over here.
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第三个巨浪来了
15:07
This swallows the bridge and knocks it down.
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它打掉了指挥室
15:09
And the ship sinks,
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于是船沉了
15:11
and the captain has lost everything,
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船长什么都没了
15:13
but for a life jacket.
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只剩下救生衣
15:16
Thank you so much.
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非常感谢
15:18
(Applause)
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(掌声)
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