On being wrong | Kathryn Schulz

693,362 views ・ 2011-04-26

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Simon Park κ²€ν† : Bianca Lee
00:15
So it's 1995,
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1995년에
00:18
I'm in college,
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μ €λŠ” λŒ€ν•™μƒμ΄μ˜€κ³ 
00:20
and a friend and I go on a road trip
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ν•œ μΉœκ΅¬μ™€ μ €λŠ” λ‘œλ“œ μ•„μΌλžœλ“œμ£Ό,
00:23
from Providence, Rhode Island
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ν”„λ‘œλΉ„λ˜μŠ€μ‹œμ—μ„œ 였레건주 ν¬ν‹€λžœλ“œμ—
00:25
to Portland, Oregon.
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여행을 κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:27
And you know, we're young and unemployed,
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 젊고 λˆμ„ λ²Œμ§€ λͺ»ν•΄μ„œ
00:30
so we do the whole thing on back roads
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전체 여행을 μ‹œκ³¨κΈΈλ‘œ κ°€λ©°
00:32
through state parks
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주립곡원과
00:34
and national forests --
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ꡭ립 산림을 ν†΅ν•˜μ—¬
00:37
basically the longest route we can possibly take.
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κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν•œ 먼길둜 λŒμ•„ κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
And somewhere in the middle of South Dakota,
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μ‚¬μš°μŠ€ λ‹€μ½”λ‹€ μ£Ό μ–΄λŠμ§€μ μ—μ„ κ°€
00:44
I turn to my friend
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제 μΉœκ΅¬μ—κ²Œ
00:47
and I ask her a question
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μ§€λ‚œ 3,200 km λ™μ•ˆ
00:49
that's been bothering me
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제 마음 속에 κ°‡ν˜€ 있던
00:51
for 2,000 miles.
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μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
"What's up with the Chinese character I keep seeing by the side of the road?"
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"κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ 길가에 λ³΄μ΄λŠ” ν•œλ¬Έ κΈ€μžκ°€ 뭐지?"
01:02
My friend looks at me totally blankly.
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제 μΉœκ΅¬λŠ” λ©ν•˜κ²Œ μ €λ§Œ 쳐닀 λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:06
There's actually a gentleman in the front row
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μ§€κΈˆ 맨 μ•žμ€„μ— 앉아 계신 ν•œλΆ„μ€
01:08
who's doing a perfect imitation of her look.
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제 μΉœκ΅¬μ™€ λ˜‘κ°™μ€ ν‘œμ •μœΌλ‘œ 보고 κ³„μ‹œλ„€μš”.
01:11
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:14
And I'm like, "You know,
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μ €λŠ”,"μ™œ μ•Œμž–μ•„,
01:16
all the signs we keep seeing
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 계속 λ³΄μ•„μ˜¨ ν•œμžλ‘œ 적힌
01:18
with the Chinese character on them."
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μ•ˆλ‚΄νŒλ“€ 말이야."
01:22
She just stares at me for a few moments,
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제 μΉœκ΅¬λŠ” 계속 μ €λ₯Ό λ©ν•˜λ‹ˆ 보닀가
01:25
and then she cracks up,
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μ œκ°€ 무엇을 λ§ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œκ³ λ‚˜μ„œλŠ”
01:28
because she figures out what I'm talking about.
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λ°°λ₯Ό 작고 μ›ƒμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
And what I'm talking about is this.
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이게 μ œκ°€ λ§ν•˜λ˜ μ•ˆλ‚΄νŒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:39
Right, the famous Chinese character for picnic area.
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λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έ 유λͺ…ν•œ 피크닠 지역을 ν‘œμ‹œν•˜λŠ” ν•œμž λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:43
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:45
I've spent the last five years of my life
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μ €λŠ” μ§€λ‚œ μ˜€λ…„κ°„ μ €μ˜ 생애λ₯Ό
01:49
thinking about situations
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μ •ν™•νžˆ 이와같은 상황에 λŒ€ν•΄
01:51
exactly like this --
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μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ”λ° λ°”μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ --
01:54
why we sometimes misunderstand
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μ™œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 주변에 μžˆλŠ”
01:56
the signs around us,
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사인듀을 잘λͺ» μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³ 
01:58
and how we behave when that happens,
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κ·ΈλŸ΄λ•Œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν–‰λ™ν•˜λ©°
02:01
and what all of this can tell us about human nature.
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그것듀이 인간 λ³ΈλŠ₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ 무엇을 말 ν•΄ μ£ΌλŠ”μ§€.
02:05
In other words, as you heard Chris say,
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λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ λ§ν•˜λ©΄, ν¬λ¦¬μŠ€κ°€ λ§ν•œλŒ€λ‘œ
02:07
I've spent the last five years
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μ €λŠ” μ˜€λ…„λ™μ•ˆ ν‹€λ¦°λ‹€λŠ”κ²ƒμ„
02:09
thinking about being wrong.
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생각해 μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
This might strike you as a strange career move,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ€ 어리석은 μ§„λ‘œκ²°μ •μ΄λΌκ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹€μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ
02:15
but it actually has one great advantage:
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사싀 큰 μž₯점이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€:
02:18
no job competition.
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κ²½μŸμžκ°€ μ—†μ–΄μš”.
02:20
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:22
In fact, most of us do everything we can
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사싀, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν‹€λ Έλ‹€λŠ” 생각을 ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ°μœ„ν•΄
02:25
to avoid thinking about being wrong,
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별 일을 λ‹€ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
or at least to avoid thinking about the possibility
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λ˜λŠ”, μ΅œμ†Œν•œ 우리 μžμ‹ μ΄ 틀렸을 κ°€λŠ₯성을
02:30
that we ourselves are wrong.
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μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
We get it in the abstract.
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이둠적 μˆ˜μ€€μ—μ„œλŠ” μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
We all know everybody in this room makes mistakes.
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘λŠ” 여기에 μžˆλŠ” 우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ‹€μˆ˜ ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을.
02:37
The human species, in general, is fallible -- okay fine.
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인간은 μ „λ°˜μ μœΌλ‘œ ν‹€λ¦΄μˆ˜ μžˆλ‹€ - λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ..
02:41
But when it comes down to me, right now,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ§€κΈˆ λ‚˜μ—κ²Œ μ μš©ν•œλ‹€λ©΄,
02:44
to all the beliefs I hold,
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λ‚΄κ°€ λ―ΏλŠ” λͺ¨λ“ κ²ƒμ—,
02:46
here in the present tense,
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ν˜„μž¬ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ 적용 ν•  λ•ŒλŠ”
02:49
suddenly all of this abstract appreciation of fallibility
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μ΄λ‘ μ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” μˆ˜κΈν•˜λŠ” μΈκ°„μ˜ 과였 κ°€λŠ₯성이
02:53
goes out the window --
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μ „ν˜€ 적용 μ•ˆλ˜κ³ 
02:56
and I can't actually think of anything I'm wrong about.
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사싀 λ‚΄κ°€ ν‹€λ¦° 것은 찾을 μˆ˜κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
And the thing is, the present tense is where we live.
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜„μž¬μ— μ‚°λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:03
We go to meetings in the present tense;
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 회의 참석도 ν˜„μž¬ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜κ³ ,
03:06
we go on family vacations in the present tense;
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κ°€μ‘± νœ΄κ°€μ—¬ν–‰λ„
03:08
we go to the polls and vote in the present tense.
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μ˜μ‚¬ ν‘œν˜„, νˆ¬ν‘œλ„ λͺ¨λ‘ ν˜„μž¬ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
So effectively, we all kind of wind up traveling through life,
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μ‹€μ§ˆμ μœΌλ‘œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 삢을 μ‚΄μ•„ κ°€λ©΄μ„œ
03:15
trapped in this little bubble
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λͺ¨λ“ μΌμ— λ‚΄κ°€ μ˜³λ‹€λŠ” 틀에
03:17
of feeling very right about everything.
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μž‘ν˜€ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
I think this is a problem.
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제 μƒκ°μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 이것이 λ¬Έμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
I think it's a problem for each of us as individuals,
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘μ˜ 개인적으둜
03:26
in our personal and professional lives,
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사적, 곡적 삢에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ 문제이고
03:29
and I think it's a problem for all of us collectively as a culture.
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또 우리 κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ˜ 문화적인 문제라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
So what I want to do today
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였늘 μ œκ°€ ν•˜λ €λŠ”κ²ƒμ€
03:34
is, first of all, talk about why we get stuck
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μš°μ„ , μ™œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ‚΄κ°€ μ˜³λ‹€λŠ”
03:37
inside this feeling of being right.
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μƒκ°μ˜ 틀을 λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ”지..
03:39
And second, why it's such a problem.
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λ‘˜μ§Έλ‘œ, μ™œ 그것이 λ¬Έμ œμΈκ°€?
03:42
And finally, I want to convince you
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ, 이 ν‹€μ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄ λ‚˜λŠ”κ²ƒμ΄
03:44
that it is possible
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κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€λŠ”κ²ƒμ„ 섀득 μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
03:46
to step outside of that feeling
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 이변화에
03:48
and that if you can do so,
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μ„±κ³΅ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
03:50
it is the single greatest
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이것이 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 윀리적, 지적 그리고
03:52
moral, intellectual and creative leap you can make.
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창쑰적인 λ©΄μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 큰 도약을 ν•˜μ‹ λ‹€λŠ”κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
So why do we get stuck
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그럼 μ™œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ‚΄κ°€ μ˜³λ‹€λŠ”
03:59
in this feeling of being right?
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생각에 μž‘ν˜€ μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
04:01
One reason, actually, has to do with a feeling of being wrong.
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ν•œκ°€μ§€ μ΄μœ λŠ” ν‹€λ Έλ‹€λŠ” 생각과 관계가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:04
So let me ask you guys something --
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μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•˜λ‚˜ν•΄λ„ λ κ°€μš”?
04:06
or actually, let me ask you guys something, because you're right here:
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μ§€κΈˆ μ΄μžλ¦¬μ— κ³„μ‹œλ‹ˆκΉŒ λ¬Όμ–΄λ³Όκ»˜μš”:
04:10
How does it feel -- emotionally --
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ν‹€λ¦°λ‹€λŠ”κ²Œ 감성적인 μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ
04:13
how does it feel to be wrong?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λŠκ»΄μ§€μ„Έμš”?
04:16
Dreadful. Thumbs down.
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λ”μ§ν•˜λ‹€. κΈ°λΆ„ λ‚˜μ˜λ‹€.
04:19
Embarrassing. Okay, wonderful, great.
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μ°½ν”Όν•˜λ‹€. 예 μ•„μ£Ό μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:21
Dreadful, thumbs down, embarrassing --
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λ•μ§ν•˜λ‹€, κΈ°λΆ„ λ‚˜μ˜λ‹€, μ°½ν”Όν•˜λ‹€ --
04:23
thank you, these are great answers,
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κ³ λ§™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ¨λ‘ 쒋은 λ‹΅λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ
04:26
but they're answers to a different question.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— λŒ€ν•œ λ‹΅λ“€ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:29
You guys are answering the question:
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ΄ ν‹€λ Έλ‹€λŠ”κ²ƒμ„
04:31
How does it feel to realize you're wrong?
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κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μ„ λ•Œμ˜ λŠλ‚Œμ„ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:34
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:38
Realizing you're wrong can feel like all of that and a lot of other things, right?
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν‹€λ Έλ‹€λŠ”κ²ƒμ„ μ•Œλ•Œ μœ„μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  κΈ°λΆ„κ³Ό κ·Έ μ™Έμ˜ 것도 λŠλ‚Œλ‹ˆλ‹€. 맞죠?
04:41
I mean it can be devastating, it can be revelatory,
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제 말은 ν•˜λŠ˜μ΄ λ¬΄λ„ˆμ§€λŠ”λ“― ν• μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ, μžμ‹ μ„ μ•Œκ²Œν•˜κ³ 
04:44
it can actually be quite funny,
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사싀 μš°μŠ΅κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:46
like my stupid Chinese character mistake.
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μ €μ˜ λ©μ²­ν•œ ν•œμž 사인같이 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
But just being wrong
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ ν‹€λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ μžμ²΄λŠ”
04:52
doesn't feel like anything.
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μ•„λ¬΄λŸ° λŠλ‚Œλ„ 주지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:54
I'll give you an analogy.
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λΉ„μœ λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜ λ“€μ§€μš”.
04:57
Do you remember that Loony Tunes cartoon
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 바보같은 μ½”μš”ν…Œκ°€
04:59
where there's this pathetic coyote
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계속 λ‘œλ“œλŸ¬λ„ˆλ₯Ό 작으러 λ‹€λ‹ˆμ§€λ§Œ
05:01
who's always chasing and never catching a roadrunner?
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항상 μ‹€νŒ¨ν•˜λŠ” 어린이 λ§Œν™” κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹œμ§€μš”?
05:03
In pretty much every episode of this cartoon,
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이 λ§Œν™”μ˜ν™”μ˜ 거의 λ§€νŽΈμ—
05:06
there's a moment where the coyote is chasing the roadrunner
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μ½”μš”ν…Œκ°€ λ‘œλ“œλŸ¬λ„ˆλ₯Ό μΆ”κ²©ν•˜κ³ , λ‘œλ“œλŸ¬λ„ˆκ°€ μ ˆλ²½μ—μ„œ
05:08
and the roadrunner runs off a cliff,
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λ–¨μ–΄μ§€μ§€λ§Œ, λ‘œλ“œλŸ¬λ„ˆλŠ” μƒˆμ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
05:10
which is fine -- he's a bird, he can fly.
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λ‚  수 있고, λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
But the thing is, the coyote runs off the cliff right after him.
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그런데 μ½”μš”ν…Œλ„ λ”°λΌμ„œ μ ˆλ²½μ—μ„œ λ–¨μ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:17
And what's funny --
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μ΅œμ†Œν•œ μ—¬μ„―μ‚΄ 이상이라면
05:19
at least if you're six years old --
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느끼게 λ˜λŠ” μ΄μƒν•œ 것은
05:21
is that the coyote's totally fine too.
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μ½”μš”ν…Œλ„ 아무 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μ—†λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
He just keeps running --
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μ½”μš”ν…ŒλŠ” 계속 λ›°λ©° μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ μ’‡λ‹€κ°€
05:25
right up until the moment that he looks down
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밑에λ₯Ό 내렀닀보고 μžκΈ°κ°€ 곡쀑에
05:27
and realizes that he's in mid-air.
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λ–  μžˆλ‹€λŠ”κ²ƒμ„ μ•Œκ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:30
That's when he falls.
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μ½”μš”ν…ŒλŠ” κ·Έλ•Œ λ–¨μ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:34
When we're wrong about something --
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 틀렸을 λ•Œμ—--
05:36
not when we realize it, but before that --
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κΉ¨λ‹«κΈ° μ „μ—λŠ”--
05:39
we're like that coyote
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μ ˆλ²½μ„ λ– λ‚˜μ„œ
05:42
after he's gone off the cliff and before he looks down.
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밑을 λ‚΄λ €λ‹€ λ³΄κΈ°μ „μ˜ μ½”μš”ν…Œμ™€ κ°™μλ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:46
You know, we're already wrong,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 벌써 ν‹€λ Έκ³ ,
05:49
we're already in trouble,
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벌써 곀경에 λΉ μ‘ŒλŠ”λ°,
05:51
but we feel like we're on solid ground.
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아무 문제 μ—†λŠ”κ²ƒ 처럼 λŠλ‚Œλ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:55
So I should actually correct something I said a moment ago.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ 쑰금 전에 λ§ν•œκ²ƒμ„ μˆ˜μ •ν•΄μ•Ό κ² λ„€μš”.
05:58
It does feel like something to be wrong;
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ν‹€λ¦΄λ•Œ μ–΄λ–€ 기뢄이 λ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€:
06:01
it feels like being right.
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μ˜³μ€κ²ƒ 같은 κΈ°λΆ„μ΄μš”.
06:04
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
06:07
So this is one reason, a structural reason,
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이 ν•œκ°€μ§€ ꡬ쑰적 μ΄μœ λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
06:10
why we get stuck inside this feeling of rightness.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ˜³λ‹€λŠ” 기뢄에 μž‘ν˜€ μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:12
I call this error blindness.
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μ €λŠ” 이 착각을 무뢄별증 이라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:14
Most of the time,
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λŒ€κ°œμ˜ κ²½μš°μ—,
06:16
we don't have any kind of internal cue
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²ŒλŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν‹€λ Έλ‹€λŠ”κ²ƒμ„
06:19
to let us know that we're wrong about something,
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ 늦기 전에 깨우쳐 μ£ΌλŠ”
06:21
until it's too late.
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내적 μ‹ ν˜Έκ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
But there's a second reason that we get stuck inside this feeling as well --
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 기뢄에 μž‘ν˜€μžˆλŠ” λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έμ˜ μ΄μœ κ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ°,
06:27
and this one is cultural.
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그것은 문화적 μ΄μœ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:30
Think back for a moment to elementary school.
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잠깐 μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅ λ•Œλ₯Ό 생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
06:33
You're sitting there in class,
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ꡐ싀에 μ•‰μ•„μžˆκ³ 
06:35
and your teacher is handing back quiz papers,
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μ„ μƒλ‹˜μ€ μ‹œν—˜μ§€λ₯Ό 돌렀주고 μžˆλŠ”λ°,
06:38
and one of them looks like this.
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:40
This is not mine, by the way.
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참고둜, μ œκ²ƒμ€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:42
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
06:44
So there you are in grade school,
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자, μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅ 학생인데
06:47
and you know exactly what to think
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ‹œν—˜μ§€λ₯Ό λ°›λŠ” 학생을 μš°λ¦¬κ°€
06:49
about the kid who got this paper.
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ •ν™•νžˆ μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:52
It's the dumb kid, the troublemaker,
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κ·Έ 녀석은 바보, μ‚¬κ³ λ­‰μΉ˜,
06:55
the one who never does his homework.
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ν•œλ²ˆλ„ μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό μ•ˆν•œ λ†ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
So by the time you are nine years old,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•„ν™‰μ‚΄λ•Œλ©΄
07:01
you've already learned, first of all,
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벌써 λ‹€ λ°°μ› μ–΄μš”. 첫째,
07:03
that people who get stuff wrong
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ν‹€λ¦¬λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
07:05
are lazy, irresponsible dimwits --
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게으λ₯΄κ³ , λ©μ²­ν•˜λ©° ---
07:08
and second of all,
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λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έλ‘œ,
07:10
that the way to succeed in life
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μ„±κ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 삢을 μœ„ν•΄μ„ ,
07:12
is to never make any mistakes.
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μ ˆλŒ€λ‘œ μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν•˜λ©΄ μ•ˆλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:16
We learn these really bad lessons really well.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ•„λ ‡κ²Œ μ•ˆμ’‹μ€ 것을 잘 λ°°μ›λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:21
And a lot of us --
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μš°λ¦¬λ“€ 쀑에 많이 --
07:23
and I suspect, especially a lot of us in this room --
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제 μΆ”μΈ‘μœΌλ‘œλŠ”, 특히 여기에 계신뢄듀 쀑 많이 --
07:27
deal with them by just becoming
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κ·Έ 문제λ₯Ό μ™„μ „ν•œ μš°λ“±μƒμ΄ λ¨μœΌλ‘œμ„œ
07:29
perfect little A students,
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ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λ € ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:31
perfectionists, over-achievers.
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즉 μ™„λ²½ 주의자, μ—„μΉœ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:34
Right,
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λ„€....
07:36
Mr. CFO, astrophysicist, ultra-marathoner?
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μž¬λ¬΄μ΄μ‚¬, μš°μ£Όλ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μž, κ·Ή λ§ˆλΌν†€ μ£Όμžλ“±...
07:40
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
07:47
You're all CFO, astrophysicists, ultra-marathoners, it turns out.
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여기계신 뢄듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ μž¬λ¬΄μ΄μ‚¬, 우주 λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μž, λ§ˆλΌν†€ 주자 λ“€μ΄μ§€μš”.
07:51
Okay, so fine.
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λ„€, μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:53
Except that then we freak out
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 틀렸을 κ°€λŠ₯성을 μ›λ§Œν•˜κ²Œ
07:56
at the possibility that we've gotten something wrong.
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μˆ˜μš©ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ”κ²ƒλ§Œ λΉΌκ³ μš”.
07:58
Because according to this,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
08:01
getting something wrong
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무엇에 λŒ€ν•΄ ν‹€λ¦¬λŠ”κ²ƒμ„ μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ
08:03
means there's something wrong with us.
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μ–΄λ–€ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆλŠ”κ²ƒκ³Ό λ™μΌμ‹œ ν•˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
08:06
So we just insist that we're right,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ˜³λ‹€κ³  μš°κΉλ‹ˆλ‹€,
08:08
because it makes us feel smart and responsible
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•˜κ³ , μ±…μž„κ°μžˆκ³ 
08:10
and virtuous and safe.
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윀리적이며 μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ 느끼게 ν•΄ μ£Όλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
08:14
So let me tell you a story.
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이야기λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜ ν•΄λ“œλ¦΄κ»˜μš”.
08:16
A couple of years ago,
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이 λ…„ 전에
08:18
a woman comes into Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center for a surgery.
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ν•œ 여인이 베슀 μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜ 집사 병원에 μˆ˜μˆ μ„ ν•˜λŸ¬ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:21
Beth Israel's in Boston.
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κ·Έ 병원은 λ³΄μŠ€ν†€μ— μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:23
It's the teaching hospital for Harvard --
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이 병원은 ν•˜λ²„λ“œλŒ€ν•™ 뢀속병원이고
08:25
one of the best hospitals in the country.
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미ꡭ의 졜우수 병원쀑에 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
So this woman comes in and she's taken into the operating room.
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이 여인이 병원에 μ™€μ„œ μˆ˜μˆ μ‹€λ‘œ λ“€μ—¬ λ³΄λ‚΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:30
She's anesthetized, the surgeon does his thing --
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마취λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³ , μ˜μ‚¬λŠ” μˆ˜μˆ μ„ ν•œν›„,
08:32
stitches her back up, sends her out to the recovery room.
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λ΄‰ν•©ν•˜κ³ , νšŒλ³΅μ‹€λ‘œ λ³΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:35
Everything seems to have gone fine.
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μˆ˜μˆ μ€ λ‹€ 잘 λœκ²ƒ κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:38
And she wakes up, and she looks down at herself,
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κ·Έ 여인은 λ§ˆμ·¨μ—μ„œ κΉ¨μ–΄λ‚˜, 자기λ₯Ό λ‚΄λ €λ‹€ 본후에,
08:41
and she says, "Why is the wrong side of my body in bandages?"
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"μ™œ λ°˜λŒ€μͺ½μ΄ λΆ•λŒ€μ— κ°κ²¨μžˆμ§€?" 라고 λ¬»μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:45
Well the wrong side of her body is in bandages
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μ™œκΈ΄μš”, λ°˜λŒ€μͺ½μ— λΆ•λŒ€κ°€ κ°κ²¨μžˆλŠ”κ±΄
08:48
because the surgeon has performed a major operation
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μ˜μ‚¬κ°€ 였λ₯Έμͺ½ 닀리가 μ•„λ‹Œ μ™Όμͺ½ 닀리에
08:50
on her left leg instead of her right one.
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큰 μˆ˜μˆ μ„ ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ§€μš”.
08:54
When the vice president for health care quality at Beth Israel
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베슀 μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜ λ³‘μ›μ˜ μ–‘μ§ˆμ˜λ£Œ λ‹΄λ‹Ή 뢀원μž₯이
08:57
spoke about this incident,
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이 μˆ˜μˆ μ— λŒ€ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄ν–κΈ°ν• λ•Œ
09:00
he said something very interesting.
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ν₯미둜운 점을 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:03
He said, "For whatever reason,
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"무슨 μ΄μœ μ˜€λ˜μ§€,
09:06
the surgeon simply felt
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κ·Έ μ˜μ‚¬λŠ” μžκΈ°κ°€ μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ 닀리λ₯Ό
09:08
that he was on the correct side of the patient."
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μˆ˜μˆ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  λŠκΌˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€"
09:10
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
09:15
The point of this story
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이 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ μ΄ˆμ μ€
09:17
is that trusting too much in the feeling
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–΄λ– ν•œ 일에든 μ˜¬λ°”λ₯΄λ‹€λŠ” λŠλ‚Œμ„
09:20
of being on the correct side of anything
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κ³Όμ‹  ν•˜λŠ” 것은
09:23
can be very dangerous.
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맀우 μœ„ν—˜ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:26
This internal sense of rightness
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 자주 μ²΄ν—˜ν•˜λŠ” 내뢀적인
09:29
that we all experience so often
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μ˜³λ‹€λŠ” λŠλ‚Œμ€ μ™ΈλΆ€μ—μ„œ
09:31
is not a reliable guide
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 사싀에 λŒ€ν•œ
09:33
to what is actually going on in the external world.
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믿을 λ§Œν•œ μ§€ν‘œκ°€ λ˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:36
And when we act like it is,
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 틀릴 수 μžˆλŠ” κ°€λŠ₯성을
09:38
and we stop entertaining the possibility that we could be wrong,
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λ°°μ œν•˜κ³ , 이 λŠλ‚Œμ— μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜μ—¬ 행동할 λ•Œ
09:42
well that's when we end up doing things
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 8μ–΅ λ¦¬ν„°μ˜ 기름을
09:44
like dumping 200 million gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico,
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λ©•μ‹œμ½”λ§Œμ— ν˜λ¦¬κ±°λ‚˜, μ„Έκ³„κ²½μ œλ₯Ό λ§ˆλΉ„ μ‹œν‚€λŠ”
09:48
or torpedoing the global economy.
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과였λ₯Ό λ²”ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:52
So this is a huge practical problem.
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이것은 μ‹€μ§ˆμ μœΌλ‘œ 큰 λ¬Έμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:55
But it's also a huge social problem.
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또 μ‚¬νšŒμ μΈ λ¬Έμ œμ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:58
Think for a moment about what it means to feel right.
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μ˜³λ‹€κ³  λŠκ»΄μ§€λŠ”κ²Œ 무슨 μ˜λ―Έκ°€ μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μž μ‹œ 생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
10:02
It means that you think that your beliefs
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그것은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 믿음이 이 세상을 μ™„λ²½ν•˜κ²Œ
10:04
just perfectly reflect reality.
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λ°˜μ˜ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:07
And when you feel that way,
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그리고 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λŠλ‚„λ•Œμ—
10:09
you've got a problem to solve,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ°,
10:11
which is, how are you going to explain
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그것은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ³Ό 생각을 λ‹¬λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ”
10:13
all of those people who disagree with you?
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠλƒ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:16
It turns out, most of us explain those people the same way,
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μ•Œκ³  보면, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λŒ€κ°œ 같은 λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ μ„€λͺ…ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:19
by resorting to a series of unfortunate assumptions.
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일련의 λ§žμ§€μ•ŠλŠ” νŽΈκ²¬μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:23
The first thing we usually do when someone disagrees with us
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λˆ„κ°€ μš°λ¦¬μ™€ 같이 μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€μ•Šμ„ λ•Œ μš°μ„ μ μœΌλ‘œ
10:26
is we just assume they're ignorant.
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그듀은 μš°λ§€ν•˜λ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄ λ²„λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:29
They don't have access to the same information that we do,
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그듀은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 가지고 μžˆλŠ” 정보에 μ ‘μ΄‰ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ,
10:31
and when we generously share that information with them,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ„ˆκ·ΈλŸ½κ²Œ κ·Έ 정보λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ„μ–΄ μ£Όλ©΄
10:34
they're going to see the light and come on over to our team.
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그듀은 κΉ¨λ‹«κ³  μš°λ¦¬μ™€ 같은 νŒ€μ— ν•©λ₯˜ν•  κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ”..
10:37
When that doesn't work,
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그게 ν†΅ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ λ•ŒλŠ”,
10:40
when it turns out those people have all the same facts that we do
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그듀이 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 가진 λͺ¨λ“  정보λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμœΌλ©΄μ„œλ„
10:42
and they still disagree with us,
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κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ 이견을 κ°€μ§ˆλ•Œμ—λŠ”,
10:44
then we move on to a second assumption,
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λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έ κ°€μ •μœΌλ‘œ λ„˜μ–΄κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€,
10:46
which is that they're idiots.
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그듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ λ°”λ³΄λΌλŠ”κ²ƒ.
10:48
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
10:50
They have all the right pieces of the puzzle,
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그듀은 퍼즐의 λͺ¨λ“  쑰각듀을 가지고 μžˆλŠ”λ°
10:52
and they are too moronic to put them together correctly.
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μ˜¬λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ μ‘°λ¦½ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” 바보듀 μ΄λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:55
And when that doesn't work,
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그리고 그게 μ„±λ¦½λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„λ•Œμ—,
10:57
when it turns out that people who disagree with us
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즉, μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ λ™μ˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μ‚¬λžλ“€μ΄
11:00
have all the same facts we do
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μš°λ¦¬μ™€ μ•„λŠ” 사싀듀을 λ‹€ μ•Œκ³ μžˆκ³ ,
11:02
and are actually pretty smart,
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또 그듀이 κ½€ λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μΈμ •ν• λ•Œ,
11:05
then we move on to a third assumption:
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ„Έλ²ˆμ§Έ κ°€μ •μœΌλ‘œ λ„˜μ–΄κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:08
they know the truth,
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그듀이 사싀을 μ•Œλ©΄μ„œλ„
11:11
and they are deliberately distorting it
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λ‚˜μœ λͺ©μ μ„ 이루기 μœ„ν•΄
11:13
for their own malevolent purposes.
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고의적으둜 거짓말을 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:17
So this is a catastrophe.
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이것은 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λΉ„κ·Ήμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:19
This attachment to our own rightness
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ˜³λ‹€λŠ”κ²ƒμ˜ 집착이
11:22
keeps us from preventing mistakes
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κΌ­ ν•„μš”ν• λ•Œμ— 우리의 μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό
11:24
when we absolutely need to
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막지 λͺ»ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜μ—¬
11:26
and causes us to treat each other terribly.
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μƒλŒ€λ°©μ—κ²Œ 과였λ₯Ό λ²”ν•˜κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:30
But to me, what's most baffling
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제 개인적으둜 이 νƒœλ„κ°€ κ°€μž₯
11:32
and most tragic about this
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μ˜μ•„μŠ€λŸ½κ³  비극적인 것은
11:35
is that it misses the whole point of being human.
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μΈκ°„μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄κ²ƒμ˜ λ³Έμ§ˆμ„ μžƒλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:39
It's like we want to imagine
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이것은 우리의 마음이 μ™„μ „νžˆ
11:41
that our minds are just these perfectly translucent windows
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투λͺ…ν•œ μ°½λ¬Έκ³Ό κ°™κ³ , μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 창문을 톡해 λ°”κΉ₯ 세상을 보며
11:44
and we just gaze out of them
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사건듀이 μ§„ν–‰λ˜λŠ” λŒ€λ‘œ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” 것이라고
11:46
and describe the world as it unfolds.
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κ³΅μƒν•˜λŠ” 것과 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:49
And we want everybody else to gaze out of the same window
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 같은 창으둜 내닀보고
11:51
and see the exact same thing.
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같은 것을 보기 λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:53
That is not true,
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이것은 사싀이 μ•„λ‹ˆκ³ .
11:55
and if it were, life would be incredibly boring.
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λ§Œμ•½ κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄, λ¬΄μ²™μ΄λ‚˜ μž¬λ―Έμ—†κ² μ§€μš”.
11:58
The miracle of your mind
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우리 μ˜μ‹μ˜ 기적은
12:01
isn't that you can see the world as it is.
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세상을 μ‚¬μ‹€λŒ€λ‘œ λ³΄λŠ”κ²ƒμ— μžˆμ§€ μ•„λ‹ˆν•˜κ³ ,
12:05
It's that you can see the world as it isn't.
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사싀이 μ•„λ‹ŒλŒ€λ‘œ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:09
We can remember the past,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ³Όκ±°λ₯Ό κΈ°μ–΅ν•  수 있고,
12:11
and we can think about the future,
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λ―Έλž˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 생각해볼 μˆ˜λ„ 있으며,
12:14
and we can imagine what it's like
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ§€μ—­μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λΌλ©΄
12:16
to be some other person in some other place.
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ν•˜λŠ” 곡상도 ν•΄λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:19
And we all do this a little differently,
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ’€ λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ 보기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
12:21
which is why we can all look up at the same night sky
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λͺ¨λ‘ 같은 λ°€ ν•˜λŠ˜μ„ λ³΄λ©΄μ„œ
12:23
and see this
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이것을 보고,
12:25
and also this
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이것도 보며
12:27
and also this.
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또 이것도 λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:30
And yeah, it is also why we get things wrong.
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λ„€, 그리고 이것이 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν‹€λ¦¬λŠ” μ΄μœ λ„ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:34
1,200 years before Descartes said his famous thing
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데카λ₯΄νŠΈκ°€ 그의 유λͺ…ν•œ "λ‚˜λŠ” μƒκ°ν•¨μœΌλ‘œ
12:36
about "I think therefore I am,"
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μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€"λΌλŠ” 말을 ν•˜κΈ° 1200년전에
12:38
this guy, St. Augustine, sat down
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μ„± μ•„μš°κ΅¬μŠ€ν‹°λˆ„μŠ€λŠ” "Fallor ergo sum"
12:40
and wrote "Fallor ergo sum" --
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이라고 κΈ°λ‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ --
12:43
"I err therefore I am."
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λ‚˜λŠ” μ‹€μˆ˜ ν•¨μœΌλ‘œ μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€""
12:47
Augustine understood
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μ•„μš°κ΅¬μŠ€ν‹°λˆ„μŠ€λŠ” 우리의
12:49
that our capacity to screw up,
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μ‹€μˆ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯을 잘 μ΄ν•΄ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:51
it's not some kind of embarrassing defect
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이것은 인간 μ„Έκ³„μ˜ μ°½ν”Όν•œ
12:53
in the human system,
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λ‹¨μ μ΄κ±°λ‚˜
12:55
something we can eradicate or overcome.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 고쳐야 ν•˜λŠ”κ²ƒμ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:58
It's totally fundamental to who we are.
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이것은 우리의 근본인 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:01
Because, unlike God,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 신이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
13:03
we don't really know what's going on out there.
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μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 일듀을 μ•Œμ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:06
And unlike all of the other animals,
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그리고 λͺ¨λ“  동물듀과 달리
13:09
we are obsessed with trying to figure it out.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ•Œμ•„λ‚΄λŠ”λ°μ— μ§‘λ…ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:13
To me, this obsession
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제 μ˜κ²¬μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 이 집념이
13:15
is the source and root
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우리의 λͺ¨λ“  생산λ ₯κ³Ό
13:17
of all of our productivity and creativity.
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μ°½μ‘°λ ₯의 제곡처이고 λΏŒλ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:20
Last year, for various reasons,
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μž‘λ…„μ— μ—¬λŸ¬κ°€μ§€ 이유둜 인해
13:23
I found myself listening to a lot of episodes
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곡읡 λΌλ””μ˜€μ—μ„œ "이 λ―Έκ΅­ μƒν™œ" μ΄λΌλŠ”
13:25
of the Public Radio show This American Life.
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ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ 자주 λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:27
And so I'm listening and I'm listening,
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μ œκ°€ λ“£κ³  또 λ“£λŠ” 쀑에
13:30
and at some point, I start feeling
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μ–΄λŠ μ‹œμ μ—μ„ κ°€, λͺ¨λ“  이야기가
13:33
like all the stories are about being wrong.
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ν‹€λ¦¬λŠ”κ²ƒμ— λŒ€ν•œ 것이라고 느끼기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:37
And my first thought was,
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μ €μ˜ 첫번째 λ°˜μ‘μ€
13:39
"I've lost it.
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"λ‚΄κ°€ 정신이 λ‚˜κ°”κ΅¬λ‚˜..
13:41
I've become the crazy wrongness lady.
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λ‚˜λŠ” ν‹€λ¦¬λŠ”κ²ƒμ— 미친 여인이 λκ΅¬λ‚˜.
13:43
I just imagined it everywhere,"
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λ‚˜λŠ” 망상에 잠겨 μžˆκ΅¬λ‚˜."
13:45
which has happened.
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일은 λ²Œμ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€ μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:47
But a couple of months later,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ•½ 두달후에
13:49
I actually had a chance to interview Ira Glass, who's the host of the show.
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κ·Έ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ μ§„ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” 아이라 κΈ€λž˜μŠ€μ”¨λ₯Ό 인터뷰 ν•  κΈ°νšŒκ°€ μƒκ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:51
And I mentioned this to him,
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μ œκ°€ 이 이야기λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‹ˆκΉŒ
13:53
and he was like, "No actually, that's true.
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κ·ΈλŠ” "μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”, 그게 μ‚¬μ‹€μ΄μ—μš”"
13:56
In fact," he says,
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계속 ν•΄μ„œ "μ‚¬μ‹€μ€μš”"
13:58
"as a staff, we joke
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우리 μ œμž‘μ§„μ€
14:00
that every single episode of our show
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우리 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€ 맀 νšŒλ§ˆλ‹€
14:02
has the same crypto-theme.
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같은 μˆ¨μ€ ν…Œλ§ˆκ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ°
14:05
And the crypto-theme is:
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κ·Έ ν…Œλ§ˆλŠ”
14:07
'I thought this one thing was going to happen
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'λ‚˜λŠ” 이 ν•œκ°€μ§€ 일이 생길쀄 μ•Œμ•˜λŠ”λ°
14:10
and something else happened instead.'
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λŒ€μ‹  λ‹€λ₯Έ 일이 μƒκ²Όμ–΄μš”.'
14:13
And the thing is," says Ira Glass, "we need this.
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아이라 κΈ€λž˜μŠ€λŠ” "그런데 이게 ν•„μš”ν•΄μš”.
14:16
We need these moments
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨λ“€μ΄ 되렀면
14:18
of surprise and reversal and wrongness
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ κΈ°λŒ€μΉ˜ μ•Šμ€, ν‹€λ¦Όκ³Ό
14:20
to make these stories work."
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λ°˜μ „μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€."
14:22
And for the rest of us, audience members,
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그리고 μ²­μ·¨μžλ“€, λ…μžλ“€λ‘œμ„œμ˜
14:24
as listeners, as readers,
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μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ€ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 것듀을
14:27
we eat this stuff up.
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μ•„μ£Ό μ„ ν˜Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:29
We love things like plot twists
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ κΈ‰μ „ν™˜,
14:32
and red herrings and surprise endings.
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작음 그리고 κΈ°λŒ€ λͺ»ν•œ 결둠을 μ’‹μ•„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:35
When it comes to our stories,
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이야기λ₯Ό ν• λ•ŒλŠ”
14:38
we love being wrong.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν‹€λ¦¬λŠ”κ²ƒμ„ μ¦κΉλ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:41
But, you know, our stories are like this
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„, 이야기가 κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ 것은
14:43
because our lives are like this.
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우리의 삢이 κ·Έλ ‡κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:46
We think this one thing is going to happen
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•œκ°€μ§€ 일이 λ°œμƒν•˜λ¦¬λΌ 생각 ν•˜λŠ”λ°
14:49
and something else happens instead.
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κ·Έ λŒ€μ‹  λ‹€λ₯Έ 일이 μƒκΉλ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:52
George Bush thought he was going to invade Iraq,
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쑰지 λΆ€μ‰¬λŠ” 이라크λ₯Ό μΉ¨λž΅ν•΄μ„œ λ‹€λŸ‰μ˜
14:54
find a bunch of weapons of mass destruction,
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살상 무기λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λ‚΄μ–΄ 민쀑을 ν•΄λ°©μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
14:56
liberate the people and bring democracy to the Middle East.
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쀑동 지방에 민주주의λ₯Ό μ‹¬μœΌλ¦¬λΌκ³  생각 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:00
And something else happened instead.
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그런데 λ‹€λ₯Έ 일이 μƒκ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:03
And Hosni Mubarak
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ν˜ΈμŠ€λ‹ˆ 무바락은
15:05
thought he was going to be the dictator of Egypt for the rest of his life,
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μžκΈ°κ°€ ν‰μƒλ™μ•ˆ μ΄μ§‘νŠΈμ˜ λ…μž¬μžλ‘œ κ΅°λ¦Όν•˜κ³ 
15:07
until he got too old or too sick
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μžμ‹ μ΄ λ„ˆλ¬΄ λŠ™κ±°λ‚˜ 병약할 λ•Œ
15:09
and could pass the reigns of power onto his son.
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자기 μ•„λ“€μ—κ²Œ ꢌλ ₯을 μœ„μ–‘ν•˜λ¦¬λΌ μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:12
And something else happened instead.
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그런데 λ‹€λ₯Έ 일이 μƒκ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:16
And maybe you thought
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μ•„λ§ˆ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€λ„ 성인이 λ˜μ–΄
15:18
you were going to grow up and marry your high school sweetheart
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κ³ λ“±ν•™κ΅λ•Œμ˜ 첫 μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό κ²°ν˜Όν•΄μ„œ κ³ ν–₯으둜 λŒμ•„κ°€
15:20
and move back to your hometown and raise a bunch of kids together.
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아이듀을 많이 λ‚³μ•„ ν‚€μšΈ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹  뢄이 κ³„μ‹œμ§€μš”.
15:24
And something else happened instead.
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그런데 λ‹€λ₯Έ 일이 μƒκ²Όμ§€μš”.
15:27
And I have to tell you
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저도 κ³ λ°±ν•  것이 μžˆλŠ”λ°
15:29
that I thought I was writing an incredibly nerdy book
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μ €λŠ” μ•„λ¬΄λŸ° λ…μžμΈ΅λ„ 없을 λͺ¨λ‘ λ‹€ μ‹«μ–΄ν•˜λŠ”
15:31
about a subject everybody hates
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μ£Όμ œμ— κ΄€ν•΄ μ² μ €νžˆ κ³΅λΆ€λ²Œλ ˆμ‹μ˜
15:33
for an audience that would never materialize.
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책을 μ“΄λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:36
And something else happened instead.
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그런데 λ‹€λ₯Έ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:38
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
15:40
I mean, this is life.
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그게 우리 μ‚Άμ΄λΌλŠ” λ§μ”€μ΄μ—μš”.
15:42
For good and for ill,
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μ„ μ΄λ˜ μ•…μ΄λ˜ 간에
15:44
we generate these incredible stories
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 우리 μ£Όλ³€μ˜ 세상에 λŒ€ν•΄
15:47
about the world around us,
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λ―ΏκΈ° μ–΄λ €μš΄ 이야기듀을 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ‚΄κ³ ,
15:49
and then the world turns around and astonishes us.
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또 세상은 κ·Έ λŒ€μ‘μœΌλ‘œ 우리λ₯Ό λ†€λΌκ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:55
No offense, but this entire conference
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죄솑 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ, 이 μ§‘νšŒ 전체가
15:58
is an unbelievable monument
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사물을 잘λͺ» μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 우리 λŠ₯λ ₯의
16:00
to our capacity to get stuff wrong.
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ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ κΈ°λ…λ¬Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:02
We just spent an entire week
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우리 ν•œ μ£Όκ°„ μ „μ²΄λ™μ•ˆ
16:04
talking about innovations and advancements
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ°œλ°œμ΄λ‚˜ 진전과 λ°œμ „μ— λŒ€ν•΄
16:06
and improvements,
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μ˜λ…Ό ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:08
but you know why we need all of those innovations
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ™œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이 λͺ¨λ“  개발, 진전 그리고
16:11
and advancements and improvements?
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λ°œμ „μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ…Όμ˜ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•„μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
16:13
Because half the stuff
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ TED 1998 년에
16:15
that's the most mind-boggling and world-altering --
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λ°œν‘œν•œ 상상을 μ΄ˆμ›”ν•˜λŠ” 세상을 λ°”κΎΈλŠ”
16:18
TED 1998 --
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아이디어듀이...
16:20
eh.
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μ–΄..
16:22
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
16:26
Didn't really work out that way, did it?
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μƒκ°ν•œλŒ€λ‘œ μ•ˆλμ£ , λμ–΄μš”?
16:28
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
16:30
Where's my jet pack, Chris?
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λ‚΄ 제트기 νŒ©μ€ μ–΄λ”” μžˆμ§€μš”?
16:33
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
16:37
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
16:42
So here we are again.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 또 μ‹œμž‘ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:45
And that's how it goes.
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ κ°€λŠ”κ±°μ—μš”.
16:47
We come up with another idea.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 아이디어가 λ‚˜μ˜€κ³ 
16:49
We tell another story.
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또 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό μ „ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:52
We hold another conference.
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또 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λ°œν‘œνšŒλ₯Ό μ—½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:55
The theme of this one,
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이 λͺ¨μž„μ˜ ν…Œλ§ˆλŠ”
16:57
as you guys have now heard seven million times,
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벌써 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 수백만번 λ“€μ—ˆλ“―μ΄
16:59
is the rediscovery of wonder.
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λ†€λΌμ›€μ˜ μž¬λ°œκ²¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:01
And to me,
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제 개인적 μƒκ°μ€μš”,
17:03
if you really want to rediscover wonder,
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λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ΄ μ§„μ •μœΌλ‘œ λ†€λΌμš΄μ˜ μž¬λ°œκ²¬μ„ μ›ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
17:06
you need to step outside
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μžκ·Έλ§ˆν•˜κ³ , λ‘λ €μš΄ μ˜³λ°”λ₯Έ μ˜μ—­μ—μ„œ
17:08
of that tiny, terrified space of rightness
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과감히 λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜μ„œ
17:14
and look around at each other
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μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό 바라보고
17:17
and look out at the vastness
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λ¬΄μ œν•œμœΌλ‘œ λ„“κ³  λ³΅μž‘ν•˜λ©°
17:20
and complexity and mystery
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미ꢁ인 우주λ₯Ό
17:23
of the universe
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λ‚΄λ‹€ λ³Έν›„
17:26
and be able to say,
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"와, λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λŠ”데...
17:29
"Wow, I don't know.
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λ‚΄κ°€ 틀릴 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆκ² λ„€."
17:33
Maybe I'm wrong."
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라고 말 ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:35
Thank you.
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감사 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:37
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
17:40
Thank you guys.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:42
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)

Original video on YouTube.com
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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