Amber Case: We are all cyborgs now

185,637 views ใƒป 2011-01-11

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:15
I would like to tell you all
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื›ื•ืœื›ื
00:17
that you are all actually cyborgs,
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ืฉื›ื•ืœื›ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืกื™ื™ื‘ื•ืจื’ื™ื,
00:21
but not the cyborgs that you think.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ื•ืจื’ื™ื ืฉืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื.
00:23
You're not RoboCop, and you're not Terminator,
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ืืชื ืœื ืจื•ื‘ื•ืงื•ืค, ื•ืœื ื˜ืจืžื™ื ื˜ื•ืจ,
00:26
but you're cyborgs every time you look at a computer screen
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ืกื™ื™ื‘ื•ืจื’ื™ื ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืกืš ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘
00:28
or use one of your cell phone devices.
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ืื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื”ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.
00:31
So what's a good definition for cyborg?
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ืื– ืžื” ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืกื™ื™ื‘ื•ืจื’?
00:33
Well, traditional definition is "an organism
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ืื–, ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื–ื
00:35
to which exogenous components have been added
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"ืฉื”ื•ืกืคื• ืœื• ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ืžืžืงื•ืจ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™
00:37
for the purpose of adapting to new environments."
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ืœืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืกืชื’ืœื•ืช ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช"
00:39
That came from a 1960 paper on space travel,
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ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืžืืžืจ ืžืฉื ืช 1960 ืขืœ ืžืกืข ื‘ื—ืœืœ.
00:42
because, if you think about it, space is pretty awkward.
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ืžืคื ื™, ืฉืื ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื”, ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ ืžื•ื–ืจ;
00:44
People aren't supposed to be there.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื.
00:46
But humans are curious, and they like to add things to their bodies
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ืกืงืจื ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื”ื
00:49
so they can go to the Alps one day
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœืืœืคื™ื ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“
00:51
and then become a fish in the sea the next.
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ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื“ื’ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื.
00:53
So let's look at the concept of traditional anthropology.
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ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืงื•ื ืกืคื˜ ืฉืœ ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช.
00:56
Somebody goes to another country,
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืจืช,
00:58
says, "How fascinating these people are, how interesting their tools are,
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ื•ืื•ืžืจ, "ื›ืžื” ืžืจืชืงื™ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื›ืžื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
01:01
how curious their culture is."
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ื›ืžื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื."
01:03
And then they write a paper, and maybe a few other anthropologists read it,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืžืืžืจ, ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื›ืžื” ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืื•ืชื•,
01:06
and we think it's very exotic.
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ื•ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืืงื–ื•ื˜ื™.
01:08
Well, what's happening
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ืื–, ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”
01:11
is that we've suddenly found a new species.
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ืฉืคืชืื•ื ืžืฆืื ื• ืžื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ.
01:14
I, as a cyborg anthropologist, have suddenly said,
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ืื ื™, ื›ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืกื™ื™ื‘ื•ืจื’ื™ื, ืคืชืื•ื ืืžืจืชื™,
01:16
"Oh, wow. Now suddenly we're a new form of Homo sapiens,
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"ืื•, ื•ื•ืื•. ืคืชืื•ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืžื• ืกืคื™ืื ืก.
01:19
and look at these fascinating cultures,
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ื•ืชื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืจืชืงื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
01:21
and look at these curious rituals
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ื•ืชืจืื• ืืช ื”ืคื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืกืงืจื ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
01:23
that everybody's doing around this technology.
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ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช.
01:25
They're clicking on things and staring at screens."
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ื”ื ืžืงืœื™ืงื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื›ื™ื."
01:28
Now there's a reason why I study this,
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืžื” ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืงืจืช ืืช ื–ื”,
01:30
versus traditional anthropology.
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ืžื•ืœ ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช.
01:32
And the reason is that tool use,
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ื,
01:34
in the beginning -- for thousands and thousands of years,
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ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ืœืžืฉืš ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื,
01:37
everything has been a physical modification of self.
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ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื™ืกื™ ืขืฆืžื™.
01:40
It has helped us to extend our physical selves,
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ื–ื” ืขื–ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ื”ืคื™ืกื™ ืฉืœื ื•,
01:42
go faster, hit things harder,
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ืœื–ื•ื– ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ,
01:44
and there's been a limit on that.
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืœื–ื”.
01:46
But now what we're looking at is not an extension of the physical self,
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื ื™ ื”ืคื™ืกื™,
01:49
but an extension of the mental self,
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ืืœื ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื ื™ ื”ืžื ื˜ืœื™.
01:51
and because of that, we're able to travel faster,
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ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืข ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
01:53
communicate differently.
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ื•ืœืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื•ื ื”.
01:55
And the other thing that happens
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืื—ืจ ืฉืงืจื”
01:57
is that we're all carrying around little Mary Poppins technology.
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ื–ื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื™ืชื ื• ื˜ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืจื™ ืคื•ืคื™ื ืก.
02:00
We can put anything we want into it, and it doesn't get heavier,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ืจืฆื” ืœืชื•ื›ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,
02:03
and then we can take anything out.
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ื•ืื– ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”.
02:05
What does the inside of your computer actually look like?
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ืื™ืš ืคื ื™ื ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ื ืจืื” ื‘ืขืฆื?
02:07
Well, if you print it out, it looks like a thousand pounds of material
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ืื–, ืื ืชื“ืคื™ืกื• ืื•ืชื•, ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืืœืคื™ ืงื™ืœื•ื’ืจื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจ
02:10
that you're carrying around all the time.
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ืฉืืชื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
02:12
And if you actually lose that information,
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ื•ืื ื‘ืืžืช ืชืื‘ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื”,
02:15
it means that you suddenly have this loss in your mind,
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืคืชืื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ืžื•ื—,
02:18
that you suddenly feel like something's missing,
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ืฉืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืคืชืื•ื ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื—ืกืจ,
02:21
except you aren't able to see it, so it feels like a very strange emotion.
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ืจืง ืฉืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”, ืื– ื–ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื• ืจื’ืฉ ืžื•ื–ืจ.
02:24
The other thing that happens is that you have a second self.
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื–ื”ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื”.
02:27
Whether you like it or not, you're starting to show up online,
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ืื ืชืจืฆื• ืื• ืœื, ืืชื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืจืฉืช,
02:29
and people are interacting with your second self
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจืช ืฉืœื›ื
02:31
when you're not there.
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ื›ืฉืืชื ืœื ืฉื.
02:33
And so you have to be careful
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ืื– ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื
02:35
about leaving your front lawn open,
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ืœื ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืงื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื ืคืชื•ื—,
02:37
which is basically your Facebook wall,
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ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืงื™ืจ ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ืฉืœื›ื,
02:39
so that people don't write on it in the middle of the night --
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ื›ืš ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ืชื‘ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืœื™ืœื” --
02:41
because it's very much the equivalent.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื–ื” ื“ื™ ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ.
02:43
And suddenly we have to start to maintain our second self.
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ืื– ืคืชืื•ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืชื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
02:46
You have to present yourself in digital life
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื
02:48
in a similar way that you would in your analog life.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื™ืš ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.
02:51
So, in the same way that you wake up, take a shower and get dressed,
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ืื–, ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื“ืจืš ืฉืืชื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื, ืžืชืงืœื—ื™ื ื•ืžืชืœื‘ืฉื™ื,
02:54
you have to learn to do that for your digital self.
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื’ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
02:56
And the problem is that a lot of people now,
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ื•ื”ื‘ืขื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
02:58
especially adolescents,
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืชื‘ื’ืจื™ื,
03:00
have to go through two adolescences.
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ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ื™ื•ืช.
03:02
They have to go through their primary one, that's already awkward,
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ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื ื›ื›ื” ืžื‘ื™ื›ื”,
03:05
and then they go through their second self's adolescence,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื.
03:07
and that's even more awkward
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ื•ื–ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ื–ืจ
03:09
because there's an actual history
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช
03:12
of what they've gone through online.
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ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืขื‘ืจืชื ื‘ืจืฉืช.
03:14
And anybody coming in new to technology
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื ื›ื ืก ื•ื—ื“ืฉ ืœื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
03:16
is an adolescent online right now,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืชื‘ื’ืจ ื‘ืจืฉืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
03:18
and so it's very awkward,
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ืื– ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ื–ืจ,
03:20
and it's very difficult for them to do those things.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
03:23
So when I was little, my dad would sit me down at night and he would say,
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ืื– ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงื˜ื ื”, ืื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืฉื™ื‘ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืื•ืžืจ,
03:25
"I'm going to teach you about time and space in the future."
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"ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชืš ืขืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“."
03:27
And I said, "Great."
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™, "ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ."
03:29
And he said one day, "What's the shortest distance between two points?"
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ื•ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ืžื” ื”ืžืจื—ืง ื”ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืงื•ื“ื•ืช?"
03:31
And I said, "Well, that's a straight line. You told me that yesterday."
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™, "ืื–, ื–ื” ืงื• ื™ืฉืจ, ืืžืจืช ืœื™ ืืช ื–ื” ืืชืžื•ืœ.
03:34
I thought I was very clever.
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ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื›ืžื”."
03:36
He said, "No, no, no. Here's a better way."
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ืœื, ืœื, ืœื. ื”ื ื” ื“ืจืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ."
03:39
He took a piece of paper,
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ื”ื•ื ืœืงื— ื“ืฃ,
03:41
drew A and B on one side and the other
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ืฆื™ื™ืจ "ื" ื•"ื‘" ืขืœ ืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื•ื”ืฉื ื™
03:43
and folded them together so where A and B touched.
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ื•ืงื™ืคืœ ืื•ืชื ื›ืš ืฉ"ื" ื•"ื‘" ื ื’ืขื•.
03:46
And he said, "That is the shortest distance between two points."
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืงืฆืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช."
03:49
And I said, "Dad, dad, dad, how do you do that?"
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™, "ืื‘ื, ืื‘ื, ืื‘ื, ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”?"
03:51
He said, "Well, you just bend time and space,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, " ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืงืžื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ืžืจื—ื‘,
03:53
it takes an awful lot of energy,
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ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”,
03:55
and that's just how you do it."
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ื•ื›ื›ื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”."
03:57
And I said, "I want to do that."
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™, "ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”."
03:59
And he said, "Well, okay."
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ื‘ืกื“ืจ."
04:01
And so, when I went to sleep for the next 10 or 20 years,
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ื•ืื–, ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื‘10 ืื• 20 ืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื•ืช,
04:04
I was thinking at night,
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืœื™ืœื”,
04:06
"I want to be the first person to create a wormhole,
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"ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ื•ืจ ืชื•ืœืขืช,
04:08
to make things accelerate faster.
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ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื”ืื™ืฅ ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:10
And I want to make a time machine."
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื–ืžืŸ."
04:12
I was always sending messages to my future self
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ืื ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœืื ื™ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช
04:14
using tape recorders.
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ืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืคื™ื.
04:19
But then what I realized when I went to college
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืงื•ืœื’'
04:21
is that technology doesn't just get adopted
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ื–ื” ืฉื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืœื ืกืชื ืžืื•ืžืฆืช
04:23
because it works.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช;
04:25
It gets adopted because people use it
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ื”ื™ื ืžืื•ืžืฆืช ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”
04:27
and it's made for humans.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื.
04:29
So I started studying anthropology.
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ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
04:31
And when I was writing my thesis on cell phones,
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ื•ื›ืฉื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชื–ื” ืฉืœื™ ืขืœ ืกืœื•ืœืืจื™ื™ื,
04:33
I realized that everyone was carrying around wormholes in their pockets.
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ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื—ื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืœืขืช ื‘ื›ื™ืกื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
04:36
They weren't physically transporting themselves;
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ื”ื ืœื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืคื™ืกื™ืช,
04:38
they were mentally transporting themselves.
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ื”ื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืžื ื˜ืœื™ืช.
04:40
They would click on a button,
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ื”ื ืœื—ืฆื• ืขืœ ื›ืคืชื•ืจ,
04:42
and they would be connected as A to B immediately.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• "ื" ืœ"ื‘" ืžื™ื“ื™ืช.
04:45
And I thought, "Oh, wow. I found it. This is great."
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, "ืื•, ื•ื•ืื•. ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ื–ื”. ื–ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ."
04:47
So over time, time and space
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ืื– ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ืžืจื—ื‘
04:49
have compressed because of this.
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ื ื“ื—ืกื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”.
04:51
You can stand on one side of the world,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
04:53
whisper something and be heard on the other.
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ืœืœื—ื•ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ื•ืœื”ื™ืฉืžืข ื‘ืื—ืจ.
04:55
One of the other ideas that comes around
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ืื—ื“ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื
04:57
is that you have a different type of time on every single device that you use.
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ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืกื•ื’ ืื—ืจ ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืืชื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื•.
05:00
Every single browser tab gives you a different type of time.
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ื›ืœ ื˜ืื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืคื“ืคืŸ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืกื•ื’ ืื—ืจ ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ.
05:03
And because of that, you start to dig around
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ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”, ืืชื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื—ืคื•ืจ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘
05:05
for your external memories -- where did you leave them?
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื›ื -- ืื™ืคื” ื”ืฉืืจืชื ืื•ืชื?
05:07
So now we're all these paleontologists
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ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืคืœื™ืื ื˜ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื
05:09
that are digging for things that we've lost
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ืฉื—ื•ืคืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื ื•
05:11
on our external brains that we're carrying around in our pockets.
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ื‘ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื™ืชื ื• ื‘ื›ื™ืกื™ื.
05:14
And that incites a sort of panic architecture --
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืฆื™ืช ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืคืื ื™ืงื”.
05:16
"Oh no, where's this thing?"
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ืื•ื™ ืœื, ืื™ืคื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”?
05:18
We're all "I Love Lucy" on a great assembly line of information,
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• "ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ืœื•ืกื™" ืขืœ ืงื• ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื ืง ืฉืœ ืื™ื ืคื•ืจืžืฆื™ื”,
05:21
and we can't keep up.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื‘.
05:24
And so what happens is,
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ื•ืื– ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื–ื”,
05:26
when we bring all that into the social space,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™,
05:28
we end up checking our phones all the time.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
05:30
So we have this thing called ambient intimacy.
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื ืงืจื ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืื•ืคืคืช.
05:32
It's not that we're always connected to everybody,
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ื–ื” ืœื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื›ื•ืœื,
05:34
but at anytime we can connect to anyone we want.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉื ืจืฆื”.
05:37
And if you were able to print out everybody in your cell phone,
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ื•ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื“ืคื™ืก ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ ืฉืœื›ื,
05:39
the room would be very crowded.
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ื”ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืฆืคื•ืฃ.
05:41
These are the people that you have access to right now, in general --
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ืืœื” ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืœื™ื”ื ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช --
05:44
all of these people, all of your friends and family that you can connect to.
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ื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื.
05:47
And so there are some psychological effects that happen with this.
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื›ืžื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ืฉืงื•ืจื™ื ืขื ื–ื”.
05:50
One I'm really worried about
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ืื—ื“ ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžื•ื“ืื’ืช ืžืžื ื•
05:52
is that people aren't taking time for mental reflection anymore,
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืจื”ื•ืจ ืžื ื˜ืœื™,
05:55
and that they aren't slowing down and stopping,
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ื•ืฉื”ื ืœื ืžืื™ื˜ื™ื ื•ืขื•ืฆืจื™ื,
05:57
being around all those people in the room all the time
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ื›ืฉื”ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ
05:59
that are trying to compete for their attention
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ื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื”ื
06:01
on the simultaneous time interfaces,
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ื‘ืžืžืฉืงื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืกื™ืžื•ืœื˜ื ื™ื™ื,
06:03
paleontology and panic architecture.
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ืคืœืื ื˜ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ืคืื ื™ืงื”.
06:05
They're not just sitting there.
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ื”ื ืœื ืกืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื.
06:07
And really, when you have no external input,
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ื•ื‘ืืžืช, ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืงืœื˜ ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ,
06:10
that is a time when there is a creation of self,
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ื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื–ื”ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื™ืช,
06:12
when you can do long-term planning,
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ื›ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœื–ืžืŸ ืืจื•ืš,
06:14
when you can try and figure out who you really are.
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ื›ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืืชื ื‘ืืžืช.
06:17
And then, once you do that, you can figure out
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ื•ืื–, ื›ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
06:19
how to present your second self in a legitimate way,
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ืื™ืš ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžื™ืช,
06:21
instead of just dealing with everything as it comes in --
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืžื” ืฉื‘ื --
06:23
and oh, I have to do this, and I have to do this, and I have to do this.
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ื•ืื•ื”, ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”, ื•ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”, ื•ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”.
06:26
And so this is very important.
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ืื– ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘.
06:28
I'm really worried that, especially kids today,
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ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžื•ื“ืื’ืช, ืฉื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื,
06:30
they're not going to be dealing with this down-time,
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ื”ื ืœื ื™ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื• ืขื ื–ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
06:33
that they have an instantaneous button-clicking culture,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืœื—ื™ืฆื•ืช ื›ืคืชื•ืจ,
06:35
and that everything comes to them,
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ื•ืฉื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”ื,
06:37
and that they become very excited about it and very addicted to it.
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ื•ืฉื”ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžืชืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื–ื” ื•ืžืชืžื›ืจื™ื ืœื–ื”.
06:40
So if you think about it, the world hasn't stopped either.
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ืื– ืื ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื”, ื’ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื ืขืฆืจ.
06:43
It has its own external prosthetic devices,
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ื’ื ืœื• ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืชื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื•,
06:45
and these devices are helping us all
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ื•ื”ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื›ื•ืœื ื•
06:47
to communicate and interact with each other.
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ืœืชืงืฉืจ ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™.
06:49
But when you actually visualize it,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื–ื” ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช,
06:51
all the connections that we're doing right now --
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ื›ืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• --
06:53
this is an image of the mapping of the Internet --
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ื–ื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ --
06:56
it doesn't look technological.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื ืจืื” ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™;
06:58
It actually looks very organic.
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ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืžืื•ื“ ืื•ืจื’ื ื™.
07:00
This is the first time in the entire history of humanity
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ื–ื• ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช
07:03
that we've connected in this way.
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ืฉื‘ื” ืชื™ืงืฉืจื ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ื•.
07:06
And it's not that machines are taking over.
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ื•ื–ื• ืœื ืฉื”ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฉืชืœื˜ื•ืช;
07:09
It's that they're helping us to be more human,
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ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื,
07:11
helping us to connect with each other.
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ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื ื• ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™.
07:13
The most successful technology gets out of the way
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ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืคืจื™ืขื”
07:16
and helps us live our lives.
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ื•ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœื ื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•.
07:18
And really,
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ื•ื‘ืืžืช,
07:20
it ends up being more human than technology,
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ื”ื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืžื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช,
07:23
because we're co-creating each other all the time.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
07:25
And so this is the important point that I like to study:
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ืื– ื–ื• ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืื•ืชื” ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœืžื•ื“:
07:28
that things are beautiful, that it's still a human connection --
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ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ืคื™ื, ืฉื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื ื•ืฉื™;
07:31
it's just done in a different way.
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ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช.
07:33
We're just increasing our humanness
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจืง ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
07:35
and our ability to connect with each other, regardless of geography.
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ื•ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœืชืงืฉืจ ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™, ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœื’ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”.
07:38
So that's why I study cyborg anthropology.
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ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืœื•ืžื“ืช ืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืกื™ื™ื‘ื•ืจื’ื™ื.
07:40
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
07:42
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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