Why work doesn't happen at work | Jason Fried

1,108,613 views ใƒป 2010-11-24

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Elad Sherf ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
00:16
So I'm going to talk about work;
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00:17
specifically, why people can't seem to get work done at work,
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™, ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื
ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
00:21
which is a problem we all kind of have.
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ืฉื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื™ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื•.
00:24
But let's sort of start at the beginning.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ื•ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”
00:26
So, we have companies and non-profits and charities
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื•ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœืœื ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืจื•ื•ื—
00:29
and all these groups that have employees or volunteers of some sort.
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื
ืื• ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื” ืื• ืื—ืจ.
00:35
And they expect these people who work for them
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ื•ื”ื ืžืฆืคื™ื ืฉื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื‘ืฆืขื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื
ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืช --
00:39
to do great work --
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00:40
I would hope, at least.
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ืื ื™ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื•ื”.
00:42
At least good work, hopefully, at least it's good work --
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” --
00:44
hopefully great work.
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ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืช.
00:46
And so what they typically do is they decide
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื
00:48
that all these people need to come together in one place to do that work.
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ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืœืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“.
00:52
So a company, or a charity, or an organization of any kind,
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ืื– ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื• ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ืงื”, ืื• ื›ืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื›ืœ ืกื•ื’,
00:55
unless you're working in Africa, if you're really lucky to do that --
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ื”ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ -- ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
ืื ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืžื–ืœ --
00:59
most people have to go to an office every day.
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื™ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื.
01:01
And so these companies,
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ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•,
01:03
they build offices.
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ื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื.
01:05
They go out and they buy a building, or they rent a building,
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ื”ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช, ื•ืงื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืฉื•ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ,
01:08
or they lease some space,
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ืื• ื—ื•ื›ืจื•ืช ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื˜ื—,
01:10
and they fill this space with stuff.
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ื•ืžืžืœืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ื— ื”ื–ื” ืขื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
01:13
They fill it with tables, or desks,
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ืžืžืœืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืขื ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
01:16
chairs, computer equipment,
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ื›ืกืื•ืช, ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืžื—ืฉื‘,
ืชื•ื›ื ื”,
01:19
software, Internet access,
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ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜,
01:22
maybe a fridge, maybe a few other things,
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ืื•ืœื™ ืžืงืจืจ, ืื•ืœื™ ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
01:25
and they expect their employees, or their volunteers,
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ื•ื”ืŸ ืžืฆืคื•ืช ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืื• ื”ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื•ื™ืขืฉื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืช.
01:28
to come to that location every day to do great work.
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01:30
It seems like it's perfectly reasonable to ask that.
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ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ื–ืืช.
01:33
However, if you actually talk to people
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ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื ืืชื” ื˜ื•ืจื— ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื
ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื•ืืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš,
01:36
and even question yourself, and you ask yourself,
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ืืชื” ืฉื•ืืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš,
01:38
where do you really want to go when you really need to get something done?
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ืœืืŸ ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœื›ืช ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื•?
01:42
You'll find out that people don't say what businesses think they would say.
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ืืชื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื
ืžื” ืฉืขืกืงื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ืืžืจื•.
01:46
If you ask people the question:
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ืื ืชืฉืืœื• ืื ืฉื™ื: ืœืืŸ ืืชื” ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช
01:47
Where do you need to go when you need to get something done?
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื•?
01:50
Typically, you get three different kinds of answers.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืชืงื‘ืœ ืื—ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช
01:52
One is kind of a place or a location or a room.
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืžื™ืงื•ื ืื• ื—ื“ืจ.
01:55
Another one is a moving object,
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืคืฅ ื ืข.
01:57
and a third is a time.
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ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื–ืžืŸ.
01:59
So here are some examples.
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ืื– ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช.
02:01
I've been asking people this question for about 10 years:
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ืื ืฉื™ื -- ื•ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื›- 10 ืฉื ื™ื --
02:04
"Where do you go when you really need to get something done?"
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ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ืื•ืชื, "ืœืืŸ ืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ื›ืฉืืชื” ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื•?"
ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืข ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžื•: ื”ืžืจืคืกืช, ื”ื“ืง,
02:07
I'll hear things like, the porch, the deck, the kitchen.
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ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื—.
02:11
I'll hear things like an extra room in the house,
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ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืข ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช,
ื”ืžืจืชืฃ,
02:14
the basement,
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02:15
the coffee shop, the library.
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ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงืคื”, ื”ืกืคืจื™ื™ื”.
02:18
And then you'll hear things like the train,
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ื•ืื– ืชืฉืžืขื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช,
02:21
a plane, a car -- so, the commute.
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ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืก, ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช -- ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”.
02:24
And then you'll hear people say,
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ื•ืื– ืชืฉืžืขื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื,
02:26
"Well, it doesn't really matter where I am,
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"ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฉื ื” ืื™ืคื” ืื ื™ ื ืžืฆื,
02:28
as long as it's early in the morning or late at night or on the weekends."
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ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื• ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข".
ื›ืžืขื˜ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืื ื™ ืœื ืืฉืžืข ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืขื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“.
02:32
You almost never hear someone say, "The office."
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ืื‘ืœ ืขืกืงื™ื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืงืจื ื”ืžืฉืจื“,
02:35
But businesses are spending all this money on this place called the office,
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ื•ื”ื ืžื›ืจื™ื—ื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฉื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
02:38
and they're making people go to it all the time,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“.
02:40
yet people don't do work in the office.
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ืžื” ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ?
02:43
What is that about?
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02:44
(Laughter)
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ืœืžื” ื–ื”?
02:45
Why is that? Why is that happening?
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ืœืžื” ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื”?
02:49
And what you find out is,
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื ื’ืœื”, ืื ื ื—ืคื•ืจ ืžืขื˜ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ,
02:50
if you dig a little bit deeper, you find out that people --
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ื ื’ืœื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื --
ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” --
02:54
this is what happens:
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02:55
People go to work,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
02:57
and they're basically trading in their work day
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ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื ืžื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื
02:59
for a series of "work moments" -- that's what happens at the office.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจื’ืขื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“.
03:03
You don't have a work day anymore. You have work moments.
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ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”; ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืจื’ืขื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื“ืœืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื™ื ืžืขื‘ื“ ืžื–ื•ืŸ,
03:06
It's like the front door of the office is like a Cuisinart,
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03:08
and you walk in and your day is shredded to bits,
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ืฉื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืืชื” ื ื›ื ืก ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืœืš ื ื—ืชืš ืœื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช,
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš 15 ื“ืงื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ื•- 15 ื“ืงื•ืช ืฉื,
03:11
because you have 15 minutes here, 30 minutes there,
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03:13
and something else happens, you're pulled off your work,
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ื•ืื– ืžืฉื”ื• ืงื•ืจื” ื•ืืชื” ื ืžืฉืš ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœืš,
ื•ืื– ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ, ืื– ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ 20 ื“ืงื•ืช, ื•ืื– ืืจื•ื—ืช ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื.
03:16
then you have 20 minutes, then it's lunch, then you have something else to do ...
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉื”ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
03:20
Then you've got 15 minutes, and someone pulls you aside and asks you a question,
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœืš 15 ื“ืงื•ืช, ื•ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ืžื•ืฉืš ืื•ืชืš ื”ืฆื™ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืืœ ืื•ืชืš ืื™ื–ื” ืฉืืœื”.
ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืฉืžืช ืœื‘, ื”ืฉืขื” 17:00,
03:24
and before you know it, it's 5 p.m.,
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03:26
and you look back on the day,
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ื•ืืชื” ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืื—ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื,
03:28
and you realize that you didn't get anything done.
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ื•ืงื•ืœื˜ ืฉืœื ื”ืกืคืงืช ื›ืœื•ื.
ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืืช ื–ื”.
03:31
We've all been through this.
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03:32
We probably went through it yesterday or the day before, or the day before that.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื˜ื— ืงืจื” ืœื ื• ืืชืžื•ืœ,
ืื• ืฉืœืฉื•ื, ืื• ื™ื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ.
03:36
You look back on your day,
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ืืชื” ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืœืขืฆืžืš, ืœื ื”ืกืคืงืชื™ ื›ืœื•ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
03:37
and you're like, "I got nothing done today.
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03:39
I was at work. I sat at my desk. I used my expensive computer.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืฉืœื™. ื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื™ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ืงืจ ืฉืœื™.
03:44
I used the software they told me to use.
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ื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”.
03:46
I went to these meetings I was asked to go to.
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ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืžืžื ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื”ืŸ.
03:49
I did these conference calls. I did all this stuff.
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ื”ืฉืชืชืคืชื™ ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืขื™ื“ื”. ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื•.
03:51
But I didn't actually do anything.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื›ืœื•ื.
03:54
I just did tasks.
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ืจืง ื‘ื™ืฆืขืชื™ ืžื˜ืœื•ืช.
03:55
I didn't actually get meaningful work done."
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ืœื ื”ืกืคืงืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช.
03:58
And what you find is that, especially with creative people --
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืžื’ืœื™ื, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื --
04:01
designers, programmers, writers, engineers, thinkers --
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ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื, ืžืชื›ื ืชื™ื,
ืกื•ืคืจื™ื, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื,
ืื ืฉื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” --
04:07
that people really need long stretches of uninterrupted time
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ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื
ืžืฉื›ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกืคื™ืง ืžืฉื”ื•.
04:11
to get something done.
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04:12
You cannot ask somebody to be creative in 15 minutes
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ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžืื“ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ ื‘- 15 ื“ืงื•ืช
04:15
and really think about a problem.
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ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื”.
04:17
You might have a quick idea,
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ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจ,
04:19
but to be in deep thought about a problem and really consider a problem carefully,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื” ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
04:22
you need long stretches of uninterrupted time.
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ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžืฉื›ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื”.
04:25
And even though the work day is typically eight hours,
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืื•ืจืš ืฉืœ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉืขื•ืช,
04:28
how many people here have ever had eight hours to themselves at the office?
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ืœื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื™ื• ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“?
ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช?
04:32
How about seven hours?
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04:33
Six? Five? Four?
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ืฉืฉ? ื—ืžืฉ? ืืจื‘ืข?
04:36
When's the last time you had three hours to yourself at the office?
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ืžืชื™ ื”ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžืš ื‘ืžืฉืจื“?
04:39
Two hours? One, maybe?
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ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื? ืฉืขื”, ืื•ืœื™.
04:41
Very, very few people actually have
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ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ื–ื•ื›ื™ื
04:43
long stretches of uninterrupted time at an office.
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ืœืžืฉื›ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“.
04:46
And this is why people choose to do work at home,
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช,
04:49
or they might go to the office,
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ืื• ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื”ื ื™ืœื›ื• ืœืžืฉืจื“,
04:51
but they might go to the office really early in the day,
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ,
ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืฃ ืื—ื“,
04:54
or late at night when no one's around,
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04:55
or they stick around after everyone's left,
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ืื• ืฉื”ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื”ืœื›ื•, ืื• ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืกื•ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืข,
04:58
or go in on the weekends,
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ืื• ืฉื”ื ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืก,
04:59
or they get work done on the plane, in the car or in the train,
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ืื• ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืื• ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช
05:02
because there are no distractions.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืกื—ื•ืช ื“ืขืช.
05:04
Now there are different kinds of distractions,
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ื’ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื™ืฉ ื”ืกื—ื•ืช ื“ืขืช,
05:06
but not the really bad distractions, which I'll talk about in a minute.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืœื• ืœื ื”ืกื—ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช
ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ืฉืื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื˜.
05:10
And this whole phenomenon of having short bursts of time to get things done
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื”ื–ื•
ืฉืœ ืคืจืฆื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
05:14
reminds me of another thing that doesn't work when you're interrupted,
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ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ
ืฉืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื›ืฉืžืคืจื™ืขื™ื ืœืš ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
05:18
and that is sleep.
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ื•ื–ื” ืฉื™ื ื”.
05:20
I think that sleep and work are very closely related --
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืฉื™ื ื” ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช.
ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืฉื™ืฉื ื™ื
05:23
not because you can work while you're sleeping and sleep while you're working.
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ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื›ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
05:26
That's not really what I mean.
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ื–ื• ืœื ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™.
05:28
I'm talking specifically about the fact that sleep and work are phase-based,
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ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”
ืฉืฉื™ื ื” ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื™ื,
05:34
or stage-based, events.
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ืื• ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื.
05:36
Sleep is about sleep phases, or stages -- some people call them different things.
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ืื– ืฉื™ื ื” ืขื•ืกืงืช ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ ืฉื™ื ื” --
ืื ืฉื™ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื”ื ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
05:42
There are five of them, and in order to get to the really deep ones,
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ื™ืฉ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื›ืืœื•,
ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืืžืช, ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช,
05:46
the meaningful ones, you have to go through the early ones.
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ืืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื.
05:49
If you're interrupted while you're going through the early ones --
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ื•ืื ืžืคืจื™ืขื™ื ืœืš ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื --
ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื ืชืงืœ ื‘ืš ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื”,
05:52
if someone bumps you in bed, or there's a sound, or whatever happens --
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ืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืจืขืฉ, ืื• ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” --
05:56
you don't just pick up where you left off.
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ืืชื” ืœื ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืžืื•ืชื• ื”ืฉืœื‘.
05:58
If you're interrupted and woken up,
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ืื ืžืคืจื™ืขื™ื ืœืš ื•ืืชื” ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ,
06:00
you have to start again.
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ืืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื”ืชื—ืœื”.
06:02
So you have to go back a few phases and start again.
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ืื– ืืชื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื›ืžื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืœืื—ื•ืจ ื•ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ.
06:05
And what ends up happening -- you might have days like this
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ -- ื™ืฉ ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื ื›ืืœื”
ืฉืืชื” ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ืื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืข ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ,
06:08
where you wake up at eight or seven in the morning, or whenever you get up,
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ื•ืžืชื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจืช,
06:11
and you're like, "I didn't sleep very well.
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ื•ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœืขืฆืžืš, ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื, ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉื ืชื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš.
06:13
I did the sleep thing -- I went to bed, I laid down,
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ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” -- ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืžื™ื˜ื”, ืฉื›ื‘ืชื™ ืฉื --
06:16
but I didn't really sleep."
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉื ืชื™.
06:18
People say you go "to" sleep,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ,
06:21
but you don't go to sleep, you go towards sleep; it takes a while.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืงืจืืช ืฉื™ื ื”.
ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื•ืงื— ื–ืžืŸ; ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
06:24
You've got to go through phases and stuff,
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06:26
and if you're interrupted, you don't sleep well.
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ื•ืื ืžืคืจื™ืขื™ื ืœืš, ืืชื” ืœื ื™ืฉืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘.
06:28
So does anyone here expect someone to sleep well
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ืื– ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆืคื™ื -- ื”ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื›ืืŸ ืžืฆืคื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘
ืื ื™ืคืจื™ืขื• ืœื• ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื”?
06:31
if they're interrupted all night?
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06:32
I don't think anyone would say yes.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืขื ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘.
06:34
Why do we expect people to work well
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ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆืคื™ื ืžืื ืฉื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš
06:36
if they're being interrupted all day at the office?
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ืื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืคืจื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“?
ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืžืื ืฉื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื
06:39
How can we possibly expect people to do their job
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06:41
if they go to the office and are interrupted?
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ืื ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืคืจื™ืขื• ืœื”ื?
06:43
That doesn't really seem like it makes a lot of sense, to me.
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ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™.
06:46
So what are the interruptions that happen at the office but not at other places?
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ืื– ืžื”ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“
ื•ืฉืœื ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื?
06:50
Because in other places, you can have interruptions like the TV,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื, ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืš ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช,
ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ, ื˜ืœื•ื™ื–ื™ื”,
06:54
or you could go for a walk, or there's a fridge downstairs,
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ืื• ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆืืช ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื”,
ื•ื”ืžืงืจืจ ื ืžืฆื ืื™ืคืฉื”ื• ืœืžื˜ื”,
06:58
or you've got your own couch, or whatever you want to do.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืืช ื”ืกืคื” ืฉืœืš, ืื• ืžื” ืฉืœื ืชืจืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
07:01
If you talk to certain managers, they'll tell you
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ื•ืื ืชื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื,
ื”ื ื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ืœืš ืฉื”ื ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช
07:04
that they don't want their employees to work at home
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07:06
because of these distractions.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืกื—ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ื”ืœืœื•.
07:08
They'll sometimes also say,
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ื”ื ื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ื’ื --
ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื ื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ื’ื,
07:11
"If I can't see the person, how do I know they're working?"
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"ื ื• ื‘ืืžืช, ืื ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืื™ืš ืื ื™ ืื“ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“?"
07:14
which is ridiculous, but that's one of the excuses that managers give.
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ืžื” ืฉืœื™ ื ืฉืžืข ืžื’ื•ื—ืš, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื.
07:17
And I'm one of these managers. I understand. I know how this goes.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ; ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“.
07:21
We all have to improve on this sort of thing.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืคืจ ื‘ืงื˜ืข ื”ื–ื”.
ืื‘ืœ ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืฆื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืกื—ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช.
07:24
But oftentimes they'll cite distractions:
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"ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืช ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
07:26
"I can't let someone work at home.
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07:27
They'll watch TV, or do this other thing."
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืจืื” ื˜ืœื•ื™ื–ื™ื”. ื”ื•ื ื™ืขืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื".
07:29
It turns out those aren't the things that are distracting,
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ืžื” ืฉืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืฉืืœื• ืœื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืกื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
07:32
Because those are voluntary distractions.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืจืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
07:34
You decide when you want to be distracted by the TV,
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ืืชื” ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืžืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืกื— ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื˜ืœื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
07:36
when you want to turn something on,
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ืืชื” ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžืชื™ ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ืžืฉื”ื•.
07:38
or when you want to go downstairs or go for a walk.
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ืืชื” ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžืชื™ ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืจื“ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ืื• ืœืฆืืช ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื”.
07:41
At the office,
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ื‘ืžืฉืจื“, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืกื—ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช
07:42
most of the interruptions and distractions
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ืฉื’ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“
07:44
that really cause people not to get work done are involuntary.
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ื”ืŸ ืœื ืจืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
07:47
So let's go through a couple of those.
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ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืกื—ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ื›ืืœื•.
07:50
Now, managers and bosses will often have you think
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ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื•ืกื™ื
ื™ื’ืจืžื• ืœื›ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืกื—ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
07:53
that the real distractions at work
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07:55
are things like Facebook and Twitter
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ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ื•ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ
07:58
and YouTube and other websites,
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ื•ื™ื•-ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ื•ืืชืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
08:01
and in fact, they'll go so far as to actually ban these sites at work.
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ื” ื™ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš
ืฉื”ื ื™ืืกืจื• ืืช ื”ืืชืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
08:05
Some of you may work at places where you can't get to certain sites.
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ื›ืžื” ืžื›ื ืื•ืœื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืืชืจื™ื ื›ืืœื• ืืกื•ืจื”.
ืžื”? ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืกื™ืŸ? ืžื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืืŸ?
08:09
I mean, is this China? What the hell is going on here?
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08:11
You can't go to a website at work, and that's the problem?
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ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื’ืœื•ืฉ ืœืืชืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
ื•ื–ื• ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”, ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“,
08:14
That's why people aren't getting work done,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ืœืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ื•ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ?
08:16
because they're on Facebook and Twitter?
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ื–ื” ืžื’ื•ื—ืš. ื–ื• ืชืจืžื™ืช.
08:18
That's kind of ridiculous. It's a total decoy.
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08:21
Today's Facebook and Twitter and YouTube,
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ื•ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ื•ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ ื•ื™ื•-ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื,
08:24
these things are just modern-day smoke breaks.
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื ืจืง ื”ื’ืจืกื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ืœื”ืคืกืงืช ืกื™ื’ืจื™ื”,
08:27
No one cared about letting people take a smoke break for 15 minutes 10 years ago,
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ืœืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื›ืคืช ืœืชืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืคืกืงืช ืกื™ื’ืจื™ื” ืœ- 15 ื“ืงื•ืช
ืœืคื ื™ 10 ืฉื ื™ื,
08:31
so why does anyone care if someone goes to Facebook
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ืื– ืœืžื” ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื›ืคืช ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ืœืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ืคื” ื•ืฉื
08:33
or Twitter or YouTube here and there?
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ืื• ืœื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ ืคื” ื•ืฉื, ืื• ืœื™ื•-ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ืคื” ื•ืฉื?
ืืœื• ืœื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“.
08:36
Those aren't the real problems in the office.
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08:38
The real problems are what I like to call the M&Ms,
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื”
ืž"ื™
08:42
the Managers and the Meetings.
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ื”ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช
08:44
Those are the real problems in the modern office today.
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ืืœื• ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™.
ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
08:48
And this is why things don't get done at work,
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08:50
it's because of the M&Ms.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืž"ื™.
08:52
Now what's interesting is,
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ืžื” ืฉืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ,
08:54
if you listen to all the places that people talk about doing work,
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ืื ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืืœื™ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื—ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” --
08:57
like at home, in the car, on a plane, late at night, or early in the morning,
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ื›ืžื• ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืื• ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช, ืื• ื”ืžื˜ื•ืก,
ืื• ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ืื• ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ --
09:01
you don't find managers and meetings.
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ืœื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืฉื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช;
09:03
You find a lot of other distractions, but not managers and meetings.
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ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืกื—ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช.
ืื– ืืœื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ,
09:07
So these are the things that you don't find elsewhere,
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ืื‘ืœ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“.
09:10
but you do find at the office.
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09:12
And managers are basically people whose job it is to interrupt people.
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ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ื
ืฉื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœื”ื ื–ื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
09:16
That's pretty much what managers are for. They're for interrupting people.
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ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
09:19
They don't really do the work, so they make sure everyone else is doing work,
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ื”ื ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
ืื– ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืฉื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœื”ื.
09:23
which is an interruption.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
09:25
We have lots of managers in the world now, and a lot of people in the world,
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
09:28
and a lot of interruptions by these managers.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื ื”ืœื™ื.
09:30
They have to check in: "Hey, how's it going?
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ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง: "ื”ื™ื™, ืื™ืš ื”ื•ืœืš?
09:32
Show me what's up." This sort of thing.
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ืชืจืื” ืœื™ ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉ" ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”.
09:34
They keep interrupting you at the wrong time,
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ื•ื”ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœื”ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
09:37
while you're actually trying to do something they're paying you to do,
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ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœื”ื.
09:40
they tend to interrupt you.
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09:41
That's kind of bad.
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ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืจืข.
09:43
But what's even worse is the thing that managers do most of all,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ืจื•ืข ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ,
09:46
which is call meetings.
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ืฉื ืงืจื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช.
09:47
And meetings are just toxic,
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ื•ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื–ื•ื”ื,
09:50
terrible, poisonous things
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ื ื•ืจื ื•ืจืขื™ืœ
09:53
during the day at work.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
09:55
(Laughter)
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ืžื” ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
09:56
We all know this to be true,
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09:58
and you would never see a spontaneous meeting called by employees.
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ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชืจืื” ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืคืชืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ื™ื ืกื•;
ื–ื” ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื›ื›ื”.
10:01
It doesn't work that way.
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10:02
The manager calls the meeting
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ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืžื›ื ืก ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”,
10:04
so the employees can all come together,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ืชื›ื ืกื• ื™ื—ื“,
10:06
and it's an incredibly disruptive thing to do to people --
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ื•ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžืคืจื™ืข ืœืื ืฉื™ื --
ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื•ืžืจื™ื: "ืชืจืื•,
10:09
to say, "Hey look,
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10:10
we're going to bring 10 people together right now and have a meeting.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื 10 ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.
10:13
I don't care what you're doing,
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ืœื ืื›ืคืช ืœื™ ืžื” ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
10:15
you've got to stop doing it, so you can have this meeting."
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ื•ื ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”".
10:18
I mean, what are the chances that all 10 people are ready to stop?
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ืžื” ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉื›ืœ ืขืฉืจืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ?
10:21
What if they're thinking about something important, or doing important work?
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ืžื” ืื ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘?
ืžื” ืื ื”ื ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”?
10:25
All of a sudden you tell them they have to stop doing that to do something else.
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ืœืคืชืข ืืชื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
10:29
So they go into a meeting room, they get together,
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ืื– ื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื—ื“ืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช, ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•,
10:32
and they talk about stuff that doesn't really matter, usually.
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ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ืžืžืฉ ืžืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ.
10:35
Because meetings aren't work.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
10:37
Meetings are places to go to talk about things
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ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:39
you're supposed to be doing later.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื ืžืชืจื‘ื•ืช.
10:41
But meetings also procreate.
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ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืขื•ื“ ืื—ืช
10:43
So one meeting tends to lead to another meeting,
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ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืขื•ื“ ืื—ืช.
10:45
which leads to another meeting.
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10:46
There's often too many people in the meetings,
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ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช,
ื•ื”ืŸ ืžืื•ื“, ืžืื•ื“ ื™ืงืจื•ืช ืœืืจื’ื•ืŸ.
10:49
and they're very, very expensive to the organization.
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10:51
Companies often think of a one-hour meeting as a one-hour meeting,
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ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืฉืขืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืขืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”,
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืจืง ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.
10:55
but that's not true, unless there's only one person.
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10:57
If there are 10 people, it's a 10-hour meeting, not a one-hour meeting.
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ืื ื™ืฉ 10 ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื–ื” 10 ืฉืขื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืœื ืฉืขืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.
ืืœื• 10 ืฉืขื•ืช ื™ืฆืจื ื•ืช ืฉืฉืืจ ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืœื ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ืŸ
11:01
It's 10 hours of productivity taken from the rest of the organization
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืช ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช,
11:04
to have this one-hour meeting, which probably should have been handled
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ืฉื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืฉื ื™ื ืื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื ืฉื™ื
11:07
by two or three people talking for a few minutes.
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ืฉื™ืคื’ืฉื• ืœื›ืžื” ื“ืงื•ืช.
11:10
But instead, there's a long scheduled meeting,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช, ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืจื•ื›ื”,
11:12
because meetings are scheduled the way software works,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฉืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืื•ืชืŸ
11:15
which is in increments of 15 minutes, or 30 minutes, or an hour.
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ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ 15 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื• 30 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื• ืฉืขื”.
11:18
You don't schedule an eight-hour meeting with Outlook; you can't.
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ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืช 8 ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื˜ืœื•ืง.
ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ. ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืืคืฉืจ.
11:22
You can go 15 minutes or 30 minutes or 45 minutes or an hour.
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข 15 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื• 30 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื• 45 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื• ืฉืขื”.
11:25
And so we tend to fill these times up
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ื•ืื– ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”
11:27
when things should go really quickly.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืžื•ืขื˜.
11:29
So meetings and managers are two major problems in businesses today,
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ืื– ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ื ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื,
ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื.
11:33
especially at offices.
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11:34
These things don't exist outside of the office.
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ืืœื• ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžืฉืจื“.
11:37
So I have some suggestions to remedy the situation.
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืžื” ื”ืฆืขื•ืช
ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื‘.
11:42
What can managers do --
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ืžื” ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช --
11:44
enlightened managers, hopefully --
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ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื ืื•ืจื™ื, ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” --
11:46
what can they do to make the office a better place for people to work,
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ืžื” ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
11:49
so it's not the last resort, but it's the first resort,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืคืœื˜ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ืืœื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”?
11:52
so that people start to say,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื“,
11:53
"When I really want to get stuff done, I go to the office."
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"ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื•, ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžืฉืจื“".
11:56
Because the offices are well-equipped;
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™,
11:58
everything is there for them to do the work.
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ื”ื›ืœ ื ืžืฆื ืฉื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืจืื•ื™,
12:00
But they don't want to go there right now, so how do we change that?
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฉื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื– ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื–ืืช?
ืื ื™ ืืฉืชืฃ ืืชื›ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืฉืœื™.
12:04
I have three suggestions to share with you.
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ื ืฉืืจื• ืœื™ ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื“ืงื•ืช, ื›ื›ื” ืฉื–ื” ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง.
12:06
I have about three minutes, so that'll fit perfectly.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฉืžืขื ื• ืขืœ ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืœื ืจืฉืžื™.
12:09
We've all heard of the Casual Friday thing.
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12:11
I don't know if people still do that.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ื”.
12:13
But how about "No-talk Thursdays?"
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ื“ืขืชื›ื ืขืœ ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ืœืœื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ?
12:15
(Laughter)
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ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ --
12:17
Pick one Thursday once a month,
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ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ืื—ื“ ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ
12:20
and cut it in half, just the afternoon -- I'll make it easy for you.
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ื•ื ื—ืชื•ืš ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ื•ื ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืจืง ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื -- ืื ื™ ืืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืงืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื.
12:23
So just the afternoon, one Thursday.
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ืจืง ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื, ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ืื—ื“.
12:25
First Thursday of the month, just the afternoon,
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ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ -- ืจืง ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื --
12:27
nobody in the office can talk to each other.
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ื ืืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™.
ืจืง ืฉืงื˜, ื–ื”ื•.
12:30
Just silence, that's it.
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12:31
And what you'll find
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ืžื” ืฉืชื’ืœื•
12:33
is that a tremendous amount of work gets done
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ื–ื” ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื›ืžื•ืช ืื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
12:35
when no one talks to each other.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจ.
12:37
This is when people actually get stuff done,
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ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
12:39
is when no one's bothering them or interrupting them.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืžื˜ืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื, ื›ืืฉืจ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืžืคืจื™ืข ืœื”ื.
12:41
Giving someone four hours of uninterrupted time
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืช ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• -- ืœืชืช ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื”
12:44
is the best gift you can give anybody at work.
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ื–ื• ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืช ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืžื—ืฉื‘.
12:47
It's better than a computer,
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12:48
better than a new monitor, better than new software,
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ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืžืกืš ื—ื“ืฉ. ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืชื•ื›ื ื” ื—ื“ื™ืฉื”.
12:51
or whatever people typically use.
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ืื• ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื•.
12:53
Giving them four hours of quiet time at the office
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ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืงื˜ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“
12:55
is going to be incredibly valuable.
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ื™ืชื’ืœื” ื›ื‘ืขืœ ืขืจืš ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™.
12:57
If you try that, I think you'll agree, and hopefully you can do it more often.
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ื•ืื ืชื ืกื•, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื’ื ืืชื ืชืกื›ื™ืžื•.
ื•ืื•ืœื™, ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
13:01
So maybe it's every other week,
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ืื•ืœื™ ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื,
13:03
or every week, once a week,
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ืื• ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข,
13:05
afternoons no one can talk to each other.
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ืื—ืจ ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื• ืืกื•ืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ.
13:07
That's something that you'll find will really, really work.
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืชื’ืœื• ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ื‘ื“.
13:10
Another thing you can try,
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ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืช
13:12
is switching from active communication and collaboration,
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ื–ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™
13:16
which is like face-to-face stuff -- tapping people on the shoulder,
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ืฉื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื,
ืœื˜ืคื•ื— ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ื, ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื”ื ืฉืœื•ื, ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช,
13:19
saying hi to them, having meetings,
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13:21
and replace that with more passive models of communication,
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ืœืžื•ื“ืœื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื
ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื›ืžื• ื“ื•ืืจ ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ื•ืžืกืจื™ื ืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื,
13:24
using things like email and instant messaging,
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13:26
or collaboration products, things like that.
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ืื• ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” -- ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื•.
13:29
Now some people might say email is really distracting,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ืฉื“ื•ืืจ ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ื–ื” ื”ืกื—ื” ืจืฆื™ื ื™ืช
13:32
I.M. is really distracting, and these other things are really distracting,
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ื•ืžืกืจื™ื ืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื–ื” ื’ื ืžืกื™ื—
ื•ื’ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืกื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช,
13:36
but they're distracting at a time of your own choice and your own choosing.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืžืกื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ืข ืžืจืืฉ.
ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ืืจ ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ื•ืก ืฉืœืš.
13:40
You can quit the email app; you can't quit your boss.
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13:42
You can quit I.M.;
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืชื•ื›ื ืช ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื•ืช,
13:44
you can't hide your manager.
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ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื—ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉืœืš.
13:46
You can put these things away,
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื‘ืฆื“,
13:48
and then you can be interrupted on your own schedule, at your own time,
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ื•ืื– ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœืš ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืขืœ ื™ื“ืš,
13:51
when you're available, when you're ready to go again.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ื–ืžื™ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื”ื.
ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ื ื”, ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื.
13:54
Because work, like sleep, happens in phases.
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13:56
So you'll be going up, doing some work,
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ืื– ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืขืœื• ืงืฆืช ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ืกืคื™ืงื• ืงืฆืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
13:58
and then you'll come down from that work,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ื™ืจื“ื• ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื,
14:00
and then maybe it's time to check that email or I.M.
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ื•ืื– ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื“ื•ืืจ ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™, ืื• ืžืกืจื™ื ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื™ื.
14:02
There are very, very few things that are that urgent,
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ืžืขื˜ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ื“ื—ื•ืคื™ื
14:05
that need to happen, that need to be answered right this second.
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ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ืช ืื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืขื ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืจื’ืข.
14:08
So if you're a manager,
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ืื– ืื ืืชื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื
14:09
start encouraging people to use more things like I.M. and email
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ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื›ืžื• ืžืกืจื™ื ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืืจ ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™
14:12
and other things that someone can put away
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ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ืฆื“
14:14
and then get back to you on their own schedule.
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ื•ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื ื•ื— ืœืขื•ื‘ื“.
14:16
And the last suggestion I have is that,
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ื•ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™
ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื™ืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืงืจื‘ื”,
14:20
if you do have a meeting coming up,
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14:22
if you have the power, just cancel it.
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ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช,
ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ื˜ืœื• ืื•ืชื”, ื‘ื˜ืœื• ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื‘ืื”.
14:25
Just cancel that next meeting.
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14:27
(Laughter)
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14:28
Today's Friday, usually people have meetings on Monday.
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ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ -- ืื– ื™ื•ื ืฉื ื™, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื ื™,
ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืืœ ืชืขืฉื• ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.
14:31
Just don't have it.
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14:32
I don't mean move it;
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”,
14:33
I mean just erase it from memory, it's gone.
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ, ื›ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืขื•ืœื.
14:36
And you'll find out that everything will be just fine.
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ื•ืชื’ืœื• ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
14:39
All these discussions and decisions you thought you had to make
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื
ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื ื™ ื‘- 9:00 ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ,
14:42
at this one time at 9 a.m. on Monday,
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14:43
just forget about them, and things will be fine.
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืžื”ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
ื›ืืฉืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืคื ื•ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืžืžืฉ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘,
14:46
People will have a more open morning, they can actually think.
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ื•ืชื’ืœื• ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
14:49
You'll find out all these things you thought you had to do,
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจืš.
14:52
you don't actually have to do.
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ืื– ืืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื›ื
14:53
So those are just three quick suggestions I wanted to give you guys to think about.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื.
ื•ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื›ืžื” ืžื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•
14:57
I hope that some of these ideas were at least provocative enough
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ืขื•ืจืจื• ืžืกืคื™ืง ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ
15:00
for managers and bosses and business owners
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื•ืกื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืกืงื™ื
15:02
and organizers and people who are in charge of other people,
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ื•ืžืืจื’ื ื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื—ืจืื™ื ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
15:05
to think about laying off a little bit,
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ื™ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืžืขื˜
15:07
and giving people more time to get work done.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืขื‘ื•ื“.
15:09
I think it'll all pay off in the end.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื™ืฉืชืœื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ,
15:11
So, thanks for listening.
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ืื– ืชื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื”.
15:13
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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