Stefan Sagmeister: 7 rules for making more happiness

179,213 views ・ 2011-06-03

TED


Palun tehke topeltklõps allpool olevatel ingliskeelsetel subtiitritel, et mängida videot.

Translator: Kerttu Tihanov Reviewer: Anna-Liisa Ševeljova
00:15
I spent the best part of last year
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Veetsin suurema osa möödunud aastast,
00:20
working on a documentary
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töötades dokumentaalfilmi kallal,
00:23
about my own happiness --
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mis rääkis mu oma õnnest.
00:25
trying to see
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Üritasin teada saada,
00:27
if I can actually train my mind
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kas saaksin treenida oma mõistust
00:29
in a particular way,
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samamoodi,
00:32
like I can train my body,
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nagu saan treenida oma keha,
00:34
so I can end up with an improved feeling
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ning jõuda seeläbi lõpuks
00:37
of overall well-being.
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üleüldise heaoluni.
00:40
Then this January,
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Tänavu jaanuaris
00:42
my mother died,
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suri aga mu ema
00:44
and pursuing a film like that
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ja sellise filmi loomine
00:47
just seemed the last thing that was interesting to me.
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näis mulle sel ajal kõige ebaolulisemana.
00:51
So in a very typical, silly designer fashion,
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Seega, nagu disainerite puhul tavaline,
00:55
after years worth of work,
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olid mul pärast aastatepikkust tööd
00:58
pretty much all I have to show for it are the titles for the film.
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ette näidata üksnes filmi algustiitrid.
01:01
(Music)
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(muusika)
01:08
They were still done
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Need tehti valmis,
01:10
when I was on sabbatical with my company in Indonesia.
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kui olin oma töökaaslastega Indoneesias õppepuhkusel.
01:12
We can see the first part here was designed here by pigs.
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Näeme, et esimese osa kujundasid sead.
01:15
It was a little bit too funky,
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See oli pisut liiga äärmuslik
01:17
and we wanted a more feminine point of view
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ja soovisime veidi naiselikumat vaatepunkti.
01:20
and employed a duck
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Niisiis kasutasime parti,
01:22
who did it in a much more fitting way --
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kes tegi seda
01:24
fashion.
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palju sobivamal viisil.
01:27
My studio in Bali
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Minu stuudio Bali saarel
01:29
was only 10 minutes away from a monkey forest,
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oli ahvide metsast kõigest 10 minuti kaugusel.
01:32
and monkeys, of course,
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Teatavasti peetakse ahve
01:34
are supposed to be the happiest of all animals.
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kõige õnnelikumateks olenditeks maailmas.
01:36
So we trained them to be able to do three separate words,
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Õpetasime nad moodustama kolme sõna
01:39
to lay out them properly.
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ja need õigesti välja kirjutama.
01:41
You can see,
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Nagu siit näete,
01:43
there still is a little bit of a legibility problem there.
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on meil veel mõningaid probleeme loetavusega.
01:46
The serif is not really in place.
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Seriifid ei ole päris paigas.
01:48
So of course, what you don't do properly yourself
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See tõestab, et kui asja ise käsile ei võta,
01:51
is never deemed done really.
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ei saagi töö tehtud.
01:53
So this is us climbing onto the trees
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Siin näete, kuidas me puude otsa ronime
01:56
and putting it up over the Sayan Valley
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ja riputame oma sõnumi Sajaanide oru kohale
01:59
in Indonesia.
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Indoneesias.
02:02
In that year, what I did do a lot
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Tol aastal tegelesin palju
02:05
was look at all sorts of surveys,
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igasuguste uurimustega
02:07
looking at a lot of data on this subject.
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ja otsisin sellel teemal palju teavet.
02:10
And it turns out
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Mis selgus -
02:12
that men and women
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mehed ja naised
02:15
report very, very similar levels of happiness.
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on uurimuste kohaselt peaaegu sama õnnelikud.
02:18
This is a very quick overview
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Siin on väga põgus ülevaade
02:20
of all the studies that I looked at.
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kõigist uurimustest, mida kasutasin.
02:22
That climate plays no role.
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Kliima ei mängi mingit rolli.
02:24
That if you live in the best climate,
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Pole vahet, kas elate parimas kliimas
02:26
in San Diego in the United States,
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San Diego linnas USAs
02:28
or in the shittiest climate, in Buffalo, New York,
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või kõige närusemas kliimas Buffalos New Yorgis -
02:31
you are going to be just as happy
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olete mõlemas kohas
02:33
in either place.
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ikka täpselt sama õnnelik.
02:35
If you make more than 50,000 bucks a year in the U.S.,
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Kui teenite USAs üle 50 000 dollari aastas,
02:39
any salary increase you're going to experience
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on mis tahes palgatõusul
02:42
will have only a tiny, tiny influence
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teie üldisele heaolule
02:45
on your overall well-being.
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kõigest vaevumärgatav mõju.
02:47
Black people are just as happy as white people are.
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Mustanahalised on sama õnnelikud kui valged inimesed.
02:50
If you're old or young
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Olete vana või noor -
02:52
it doesn't really make a difference.
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sellel ei ole mingit vahet.
02:54
If you're ugly or if you're really, really good-looking
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Olete inetu või tõeline iludus -
02:57
it makes no difference whatsoever.
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ka see ei mängi mingit rolli.
02:59
You will adapt to it and get used to it.
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Te kohanete ja harjute sellega.
03:01
If you have manageable health problems
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Teil võib olla terviseprobleeme,
03:04
it doesn't really matter.
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kuid ka see ei loe tegelikult.
03:06
Now this does matter.
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Loeb aga järgmine.
03:08
So now the woman on the right
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Parempoolne naisterahvas
03:10
is actually much happier than the guy on the left --
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on palju õnnelikum kui vasakpoolne mees.
03:13
meaning that, if you have a lot of friends,
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See tähendab, et kui teil on palju sõpru
03:16
and you have meaningful friendships,
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ja head suhted teiste inimestega,
03:19
that does make a lot of difference.
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mõjutab see teie elu suuresti.
03:21
As well as being married -- you are likely to be much happier
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Sama kehtib abielu puhul - abielus olete ilmselt palju õnnelikum
03:24
than if you are single.
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kui vallalisena.
03:26
A fellow TED speaker, Jonathan Haidt,
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Jonathan Haidt, TEDi kaasrääkija
03:28
came up with this beautiful little analogy
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tõi ühe kauni metafoori
03:31
between the conscious and the unconscious mind.
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teadvuse ja alateadvuse kohta.
03:35
He says that the conscious mind is this tiny rider
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Tema sõnul on teadvus kui pisike ratsanik
03:38
on this giant elephant, the unconscious.
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hiiglasliku elevandi ehk alateadvuse seljas.
03:41
And the rider thinks
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Ratsanik arvab,
03:43
that he can tell the elephant what to do,
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et suudab elevanti suunata,
03:46
but the elephant really has his own ideas.
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kuid elevandil on hoopis omad plaanid.
03:49
If I look at my own life,
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Kui vaatan oma elu...
03:51
I'm born in 1962 in Austria.
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Ma olen sündinud 1962. aastal Austrias.
03:54
If I would have been born a hundred years earlier,
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Kui oleksin sündinud sada aastat varem,
03:57
the big decisions in my life would have been made for me --
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oleksid mu elu tähtsaimad otsused minu eest ära tehtud.
04:00
meaning I would have stayed in the town that I was born in;
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Ma oleksin jäänud elama oma sünnilinna.
04:04
I would have very much likely
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Ilmselt oleksin valinud sama elukutse,
04:06
entered the same profession that my dad did;
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mis oli mu isal,
04:08
and I would have very much likely married a woman
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ja oleksin tõenäoliselt abiellunud naisega,
04:11
that my mom had selected.
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kelle mu ema mulle välja valis.
04:15
I, of course, and all of us,
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Muidugi mina, nagu me kõik,
04:18
are very much in charge
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vastutan ikka ise
04:20
of these big decisions in our lives.
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nende suurte otsuste eest.
04:23
We live where we want to be --
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Me elame just seal, kus ise tahame -
04:25
at least in the West.
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vähemalt nii on see Läänes.
04:27
We become what we really are interested in.
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Me valime elutee, mis meid tõesti huvitab.
04:29
We choose our own profession,
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Me valime oma elukutse
04:31
and we choose our own partners.
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ja oma elukaaslase.
04:33
And so it's quite surprising
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Seetõttu on omajagu üllatav,
04:36
that many of us
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et paljud meist
04:38
let our unconscious influence those decisions
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lasevad oma alateadvusel neid otsuseid mõjutada viisil,
04:41
in ways that we are not quite aware of.
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millest me pole isegi teadlikud.
04:45
If you look at the statistics
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Kui vaatate statistikat,
04:47
and you see that the guy called George,
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näete seal tüüpi nimega George.
04:50
when he decides on where he wants to live --
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Ta peab otsustama, kus ta tahab elada -
04:53
is it Florida or North Dakota? --
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Floridas või Põhja-Dakotas.
04:56
he goes and lives in Georgia.
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Ta otsustab Georgia kasuks.
04:58
And if you look at a guy called Dennis,
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Nüüd aga vaadake tüüpi nimega Dennis.
05:00
when he decides what to become --
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Ta mõtleb, kelleks ta saada tahab -
05:02
is it a lawyer, or does he want to become a doctor
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kas juristiks või hoopis arstiks
05:05
or a teacher? --
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või õpetajaks?
05:07
best chance is that he wants to become a dentist.
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Tõenäoliselt saab temast aga dentist ehk hambaarst.
05:10
And if Paula decides
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Kui Paula kaalub,
05:12
should she marry Joe or Jack,
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kas abielluda Joe või Jackiga,
05:14
somehow Paul sounds the most interesting.
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kõlab hoopis Paul kõige põnevamalt.
05:18
And so even if we make
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Isegi kui me langetame
05:20
those very important decisions
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need väga tähtsad otsused
05:22
for very silly reasons,
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ajendatuna tobedatest põhjustest,
05:24
it remains statistically true
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näitab statistika meile,
05:26
that there are more Georges living in Georgia
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et Georgias elab rohkem George,
05:28
and there are more Dennises becoming dentists
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rohkem Denniseid hakkab hambaarstiks
05:31
and there are more Paulas who are married to Paul
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ja rohkem Paulasid abiellub Paulidega,
05:34
than statistically viable.
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kui statistika ennustada oskaks.
05:36
(Laughter)
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(naer)
05:38
Now I, of course, thought,
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Mina muidugi mõtlesin,
05:41
"Well this is American data,"
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kuna tegu on USA andmetega,
05:43
and I thought, "Well, those silly Americans.
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et need ameeriklased on ikka tobedad -
05:47
They get influenced by things
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lasevad end mõjutada asjadest,
05:50
that they're not aware of.
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millest nad isegi teadlikud pole.
05:53
This is just completely ridiculous."
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See on ju täiesti naeruväärne!
05:56
Then, of course, I looked at my mom and my dad --
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Siis aga vaatasin oma ema ja isa.
05:59
(Laughter)
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(naer)
06:01
Karolina and Karl,
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Karolina ja Karl.
06:03
and grandmom and granddad,
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Ja ka mu vanaema ja vanaisa -
06:06
Josefine and Josef.
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Josefine ja Josef.
06:08
So I am looking still for a Stephanie.
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Seega otsin mina ikka oma Stephanie'd.
06:10
I'll figure something out.
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Küll ma midagi välja mõtlen.
06:14
If I make this whole thing a little bit more personal
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Kui minna nüüd isiklikumaks
06:16
and see what makes me happy as a designer,
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ja vaadata, mis mind disainerina õnnelikuks teeb,
06:19
the easiest answer, of course,
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on lihtsaim vastus muidugi järgmine:
06:21
is do more of the stuff that I like to do
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teen rohkem seda, mis mulle meeldib,
06:24
and much less of the stuff that I don't like to do --
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ja vähem seda, mis mulle ei meeldi.
06:26
for which it would be helpful
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Siin oleks muidugi suureks abiks,
06:29
to know what it is that I actually do like to do.
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kui ma teaksin, mida ma tegelikult teha tahan.
06:32
I'm a big list maker,
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Koostan tihti nimekirju
06:34
so I came up with a list.
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ja tegin seda ka nüüd.
06:36
One of them is to think without pressure.
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Üks punkt on ajapiiranguteta mõtlemine.
06:39
This is a project we're working on right now
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See on üks projekt, mille kallal hetkel töötame
06:41
with a very healthy deadline.
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ja millel on väga mõistlik tähtaeg.
06:43
It's a book on culture,
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See raamat räägib kultuurist
06:45
and, as you can see,
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ja, nagu te näete,
06:47
culture is rapidly drifting around.
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liigub kultuur kiiresti ringi.
06:50
Doing things like I'm doing right now --
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Selliste asjade tegemine, mida praegugi teen -
06:52
traveling to Cannes.
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Cannes'i reisimine.
06:54
The example I have here
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Mul on siin üks näide.
06:56
is a chair that came out of the year in Bali --
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Tool, mille kavandasin Bali saarel veedetud aastal.
06:59
clearly influenced by local manufacturing and culture,
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Seda on selgelt mõjutanud kohalik tööstus ja kultuur.
07:03
not being stuck behind
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Mitte kössitada kogu päeva
07:05
a single computer screen all day long
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arvutiekraani ees,
07:08
and be here and there.
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vaid käia siin ja seal.
07:10
Quite consciously, design projects
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Teadlikult luua projekte,
07:12
that need an incredible amount of various techniques,
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mis nõuavad uskumatul hulgal erinevaid tehnikaid,
07:15
just basically to fight
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lihtsalt selleks, et võidelda
07:17
straightforward adaptation.
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liigse mugavuse vastu.
07:20
Being close to the content --
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Sisule truuks jäämine,
07:22
that's the content really is close to my heart.
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projektid, mis on mulle tõesti südamelähedased.
07:25
This is a bus, or vehicle,
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See on üks buss,
07:27
for a charity, for an NGO
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heategevusprojekt MTÜ-le,
07:29
that wants to double the education budget in the United States --
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mis tahab kahekordistada USA hariduseelarvet.
07:33
carefully designed,
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See on disainitud nii,
07:35
so, by two inches, it still clears highway overpasses.
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et viaduktide alt läbi sõites jääb veel 5 cm vaba ruumi.
07:42
Having end results -- things that come back from the printer well,
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Lõpptulemused - hästi välja kukkunud lahendused,
07:46
like this little business card for an animation company
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nagu see visiitkaart animatsiooniettevõttele,
07:48
called Sideshow
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mille nimi on Sideshow,
07:50
on lenticular foils.
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3D-efektiga materjalil.
07:53
Working on projects
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Selliste projektide kallal töötamine,
07:55
that actually have visible impacts,
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millel on nähtav mõju.
07:57
like a book for a deceased German artist
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Näiteks raamat lahkunud saksa kunstnikust,
08:02
whose widow came to us
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kelle lesk pöördus meie poole
08:05
with the requirement to make her late husband famous.
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sooviga teha oma lahkunud abikaasa kuulsaks.
08:09
It just came out six months ago,
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See anti välja kõigest kuus kuud tagasi
08:11
and it's getting unbelievable traction right now in Germany.
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ja see on Saksamaal uskumatult menukaks osutunud.
08:15
And I think that his widow
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Ma arvan, et seda leske
08:17
is going to be very successful on her quest.
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saadab tema missioonil suur edu.
08:21
And lately, to be involved in projects
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Ja viimasel ajal, osaleda projektides,
08:24
where I know about 50 percent of the project
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mille puhul tean, et 50 protsenti projektist
08:26
technique-wise
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on puhtalt tehniline
08:28
and the other 50 percent would be new.
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ja ülejäänud 50 protsenti nõuab enese täiendamist.
08:30
So in this case,
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Antud juhul
08:32
it's an outside projection for Singapore
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on tegu välisprojektiga Singapuri kohta
08:34
on these giant Times Square-like screens.
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hiiglaslikel ekraanidel nagu Times Square'il.
08:37
And I of course knew stuff, as a designer,
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Disainerina teadsin ma väga palju
08:40
about typography,
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tüpograafia kohta,
08:42
even though we worked with those animals not so successfully.
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kuigi meie koostöö loomadega ei olnud eriti edukas.
08:45
But I didn't quite know
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Samas ei teadnud ma suurt midagi
08:47
all that much about movement or film.
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liikumise ega filmitegemise kohta.
08:50
And from that point of view we turned it into a lovely project.
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Tegime sellest siiski toreda projekti.
08:53
But also because the content was very close.
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Samas oli ka sisu meile väga südamelähedane.
08:56
In this case, "Keeping a Diary
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Sellisel juhul aitab päeviku pidamine
08:58
Supports Personal Development" --
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isiklikku arengut toetada.
09:00
I've been keeping a diary since I was 12.
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Olen päevikut pidanud juba 12. eluaastast.
09:03
And I've found that it influenced my life and work
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Leian, et see on mu elu ja tööd
09:07
in a very intriguing way.
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väga põneval viisil mõjutanud.
09:10
In this case also because
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Osalt ka seepärast,
09:12
it's part of one of the many sentiments
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et see on üks osa paljudest mõtetest,
09:15
that we build the whole series on --
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millele me kogu seeria üles ehitasime -
09:19
that all the sentiments originally had come out of the diary.
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kõik mõtted pärinesid algselt päevikust.
09:22
Thank you so much.
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Suur tänu teile!
09:24
(Applause)
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(aplaus)
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