How the COVID-19 vaccines were created so quickly - Kaitlyn Sadtler and Elizabeth Wayne

1,229,487 views ใƒป 2021-08-17

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Grace Choi ๊ฒ€ํ† : JY Kang
00:07
In the 20th century, most vaccines took well over a decade
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20์„ธ๊ธฐ์—, ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐฑ์‹ ๋“ค์€ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ 10๋…„์€ ์กฑํžˆ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
to research, test, and produce.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:14
But the vaccines for COVID-19 cleared the threshold for emergency use
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ๊ธด๊ธ‰์‚ฌ์šฉ ์Šน์ธ๊นŒ์ง€
00:19
in less than 11 months.
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11๊ฐœ์›”๋„ ์ฑ„ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
The secret behind this speed is a medical technology
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋น„๊ฒฐ์€
00:24
thatโ€™s been developing for decades:
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋ฐœ์ „๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ํ•œ ์˜ํ•™ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋•๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:27
the mRNA vaccine.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ mRNA ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
This new treatment uses our bodyโ€™s existing cellular machinery
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์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์˜ ์„ธํฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ
00:33
to trigger an immune response,
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๋ฉด์—ญ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์ž‘๋™์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
protecting us from viruses without ever experiencing an infection.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐ์—ผ๋  ํ•„์š”์—†์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
00:40
And in the future, this approach might be able to treat new diseases
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋Š” ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณ‘๋“ค์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
almost as quickly as they emerge.
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๋ณ‘์˜ ์ถœํ˜„๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:47
So how do these revolutionary vaccines work?
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๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ์ด ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:51
The key ingredient is in the name.
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๊ทธ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฆ„์—์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
00:54
mRNA, or messenger ribonucleic acid, is a naturally occurring molecule
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mRNA, ์ฆ‰ ๋ฉ”์‹ ์ € ๋ฆฌ๋ณดํ•ต์‚ฐ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์ž๋กœ์„œ
01:00
that encodes the instructions for producing proteins.
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๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„œ๋ฅผ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
When our cells process mRNA, a part of the cell called the ribosome
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ mRNA๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ๋•Œ
์„ธํฌ ์•ˆ์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋ณด์†œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด
01:08
translates and follows these instructions to build the encoded protein.
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์„ค๋ช…์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋˜ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ฃ .
01:12
The mRNA in these vaccines works in exactly the same way,
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๋ฐฑ์‹ ์— ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ๋Š” mRNA๋„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
but scientists use the molecule to safely introduce our body to a virus.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ mRNA ๋ถ„์ž๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:21
First, researchers encode trillions of mRNA molecules with the instructions
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๋จผ์ €, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์€ 1์กฐ ๊ฐœ์˜ mRNA ๋ถ„์ž์—
ํŠน์ • ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์˜ ์„ค๋ช…์„œ๋ฅผ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
for a specific viral protein.
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01:28
This part of the virus is harmless by itself,
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์ด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์กฐ๊ฐ์€ ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌดํ•ดํ•˜์ฃ .
01:31
but helpful for training our bodyโ€™s immune response.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฉด์—ญ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ํ›ˆ๋ จํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
Then, they inject those molecules into a nanoparticle
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—” ์ด mRNA ๋ถ„์ž๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋…ธ ์ž…์ž ์•ˆ์— ์ฃผ์ž…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
roughly 1,000 times smaller than the average cell.
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์ด ๋‚˜๋…ธ ์ž…์ž๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์„ธํฌ๋ณด๋‹ค 1,000 ๋ฐฐ ์ž‘์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
This nanoparticle is made of lipids,
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์ด ๋‚˜๋…ธ ์ž…์ž๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ์งˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:43
the same type of fatty material that forms the membrane around our cells.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์„ธํฌ๋ง‰์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ์งˆ๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
But these lipids have been specially engineered
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ง€๋ฐฉ์งˆ๋“ค์€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ์ œ์ž‘๋˜์–ด
01:51
to protect the mRNA on its journey through the body
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mRNA๊ฐ€ ์„ธํฌ ์•ˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
01:54
and assist its entry into the cell.
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๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ง‰์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
Lastly, the final ingredients are added: sugars and salt
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ตœ์ข… ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋”ํ•ด์ง€๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์„คํƒ•๊ณผ ์†Œ๊ธˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
to help keep the nanoparticles intact until they reach their destination.
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๋‚˜๋…ธ ์ž…์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์ง€์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜จ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ง€์š”.
02:05
Before use, the vaccine is kept at a temperature of -20 to -80 degrees Celsius
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๋ฐฑ์‹  ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ „์—๋Š” ์„ญ์”จ -20์—์„œ -80๋„์˜ ์˜จ๋„๋กœ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ
02:11
to ensure none of the components break down.
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๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
Once injected, the nanoparticles disperse and encounter cells.
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๋‚˜๋…ธ ๋ถ„์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ชธ์— ์ฃผ์ž…๋˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ ํฉ์–ด์ ธ์„œ ์„ธํฌ์™€ ๋งŒ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
The lipid coating on each nanoparticle fuses with the lipid membrane of a cell
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๋‚˜๋…ธ ๋ถ„์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์‹ธ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ์งˆ๋“ค์€ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์‹ธ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ์งˆ๊ณผ ์œตํ•ฉ๋˜๊ณ 
02:23
and releases the mRNA to do its work.
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mRNA๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
At this point, we should note that while the vaccine is delivering
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์ด ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€
๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์† ์„ธํฌ์— ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์œ ์ „ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋”๋ผ๋„
02:29
viral genetic material into our cells,
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02:31
itโ€™s impossible for this material to alter our DNA.
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์ด ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ DNA๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
mRNA is a short-lived molecule
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mRNA๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด ์งง์€ ๋ถ„์ž๋กœ์„œ
02:38
that would need additional enzymes and chemical signals to even access our DNA,
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๋‹จ์ง€ DNA์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ด๋„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ํšจ์†Œ์™€ ํ™”ํ•™์‹ ํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ
02:44
let alone change it.
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๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
And none of these DNA altering components are present in mRNA vaccines.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  DNA ๋ณ€ํ˜•์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ด๋“ค ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์€
mRNA ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์— ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
02:52
Once inside the cell, the ribosome translates the mRNAโ€™s instructions
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mRNA๊ฐ€ ์„ธํฌ ์•ˆ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ฆฌ๋ณด์†œ์€ ๊ทธ ์„ค๋ช…์„œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋…ํ•ด
02:57
and begins assembling the viral protein.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์„ ์กฐ๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
In COVID-19 vaccines, that protein is one of the spikes typically found
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ทธ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์€
๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํŠน์ง•์ธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์ŠคํŒŒ์ดํฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
on the virusโ€™s surface.
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03:06
Without the rest of the virus this lone spike is not infectious,
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์—†์ด ์ŠคํŒŒ์ดํฌ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ „์—ผ์„ฑ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
03:10
but it does trigger our immune response.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฉด์—ญ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์ด‰๋ฐœ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
Activating the immune system can be taxing on the body,
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๋ฉด์—ญ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ž‘๋™์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์— ํฐ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
resulting in brief fatigue, fever, and muscle soreness in some people.
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๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์งง์€ ํ”ผ๋กœ๊ฐ, ๋ฐœ์—ด, ๊ทผ์œกํ†ต์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:21
But this doesnโ€™t mean the recipient is sickโ€”
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฑด ์ ‘์ข…์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ณ‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:24
it means the vaccine is working.
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๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
The body is producing antibodies to fight that viral protein,
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์ด ํ•ญ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:30
that will then stick around to defend against future COVID-19 infections.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๊ทธ ํ•ญ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผœ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
And since this particular protein is likely to be found in most COVID variants,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋ณ€์ด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
03:39
these antibodies should reduce the threat of catching new strains.
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์ด ํ•ญ์ฒด๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ€์ข…์— ๊ฐ์—ผ๋  ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ค„์—ฌ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
This approach offers significant advantages over previous vaccines.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ์žฅ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
Traditional vaccines contain weakened versions of live viruses
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์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ๋ณ‘์›์„ฑ์„ ์•ฝํ™”์‹œํ‚จ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:51
or amputated sections of a virus,
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๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ผ์„œ ๋„ฃ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
both of which required time intensive research to prepare
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๋‘ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜ค๋žœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:57
and unique chemical treatments to safely inject.
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์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์ž…ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ํ™”ํ•™์  ์ฒ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด
04:01
But mRNA vaccines donโ€™t actually contain any viral particles,
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mRNA ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ž…์ž๋„ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:05
so they donโ€™t have to be built from scratch to safely adjust each virus.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋“ค ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
In fact, every mRNA vaccine could have roughly the same list of ingredients.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ชจ๋“  mRNA ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
Imagine a reliable, robustly tested vaccine that can treat any disease
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์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์นœ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์œผ๋กœ
ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์š”์†Œ๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:22
by swapping out a single component.
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04:25
To treat a new illness, researchers would identify the right viral protein,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด์„œ
04:29
encode it into mRNA,
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mRNA์— ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”ํ•œ ๋’ค,
04:32
and then swap that mRNA into the existing vaccine platform.
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๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ฐฑ์‹  ํ‹€์— mRNA๋ฅผ ๊ต์ฒดํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
This could make it possible to develop new vaccines in weeks,
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์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋งŒ์— ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
04:40
giving humanity a flexible new tool in the never-ending fight against disease.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์งˆ๋ณ‘๊ณผ์˜ ๋์—†๋Š” ์‹ธ์›€์„ ์ด๊ธธ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌ˜์ฑ…์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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