Mark Shaw: One very dry demo

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Thu-Huong Ha

翻译人员: xuan wang 校对人员: Wei Wu

I'm here to show you

我来给大家展示

how something you can't see can be so much fun to look at.

认识我们看不到的东西是件多么有趣的事情。

You're about to experience a new, available

你们马上要体验到一种全新的，已经可用的，

and exciting technology that's going to make us rethink

令人激动的科技如何能让我们的生活

how we waterproof our lives.

保持干爽。

What I have here is a cinder block

我这边有一块儿煤渣砖。

that we've coated half with a nanotechnology spray

我们在它的半面喷上了纳米技术涂层。

that can be applied to almost any material.

这种涂层几乎可以在任何材料上使用。

It's called Ultra-Ever Dry,

它叫做“极度干燥”。

and when you apply it to any material,

当你把它用在任何材料上时，

it turns into a superhydrophobic shield.

它会变成一层超疏水保护层。

So this is a cinder block, uncoated,

看煤渣砖这边没有涂保护层的地方，

and you can see that it's porous, it absorbs water.

大家可以看到水渗进去了。

Not anymore.

没有渗进去。

Porous, nonporous.

渗水，不渗水

So what's superhydrophobic?

那么什么是超疏水？

Superhydrophobic is how we measure

它是用来测量

a drop of water on a surface.

一个表面上的水滴的。

The rounder it is, the more hydrophobic it is,

水滴越圆，越疏（防）水。

and if it's really round, it's superhydrophobic.

如果水滴非常圆的话，就叫超疏水了。

A freshly waxed car, the water molecules slump

刚上过蜡的汽车，水分子与平面的接触角弧度

to about 90 degrees.

突降到大概90度。

A windshield coating is going to give you about 110 degrees.

一扇挡风玻璃涂层大概是110度。

But what you're seeing here is 160 to 175 degrees,

但是你看这边是160到175度之间

and anything over 150 is superhydrophobic.

所有超过150度的都叫做超疏水。

So as part of the demonstration,

接下来的一个演示

what I have is a pair of gloves,

我有一双手套

and we've coated one of the gloves

其中一只涂了

with the nanotechnology coating,

纳米科技涂层

and let's see if you can tell which one,

看看大家能不能看出是哪一只

and I'll give you a hint.

我来给你们一个提示。

Did you guess the one that was dry?

大家猜的是干的那只吗？

When you have nanotechnology and nanoscience,

当我们有了纳米科技和纳米科学，

what's occurred is that we're able to now

我们现在就可以

look at atoms and molecules and actually control them

了解原子和分子，让它们

for great benefits.

造福人类。

And we're talking really small here.

我们在说非常小的东西

The way you measure nanotechnology is in nanometers,

我们用纳米单位来衡量纳米技术，

and one nanometer is a billionth of a meter,

一纳米是十亿分之一米，

and to put some scale to that,

换句话说，

if you had a nanoparticle that was one nanometer thick,

如果你有一个一纳米厚的纳米粒子，

and you put it side by side, and you had 50,000 of them,

把5万个这样的纳米粒子一个一个按顺序排起来，

you'd be the width of a human hair.

它们的粗细就相当于一根头发。

So very small, but very useful.

所以，非常微小，但是却十分有用。

And it's not just water that this works with.

而且它不仅对水有作用

It's a lot of water-based materials like concrete,

对很多水性材料也有作用，比如混凝土，

water-based paint,

水彩画，

mud,

水泥，

and also some refined oils as well.

和成品油。

You can see the difference.

大家看到差别了吧

Moving onto the next demonstration,

来看下一个演示

we've taken a pane of glass and we've coated the outside of it,

我们这边有一片玻璃

we've framed it with the nanotechnology coating,

我们用纳米技术把玻璃的边框封起来

and we're going to pour this green-tinted water inside the middle,

然后我们把绿色的水倒到中间

and you're going to see, it's going to spread out on glass

大家会发现，水在玻璃上四散开来，

like you'd normally think it would,

很正常的现象，

except when it hits the coating, it stops,

但是水在碰到疏水层的时候停下了，

and I can't even coax it to leave.

我甚至都不能把水推到外面去。

It's that afraid of the water.

看它是多么怕水！

(Applause)

（掌声）

So what's going on here? What's happening?

那么究竟怎么回事？

Well, the surface of the spray coating

其实，这个涂层的表面

is actually filled with nanoparticles

覆盖着纳米粒子

that form a very rough and craggly surface.

让这个表面变得非常粗糙不平。

You'd think it'd be smooth, but it's actually not.

你可能以为它会很光滑，其实不是。

And it has billions of interstitial spaces,

而且它有几十亿的空隙

and those spaces, along with the nanoparticles,

这些空隙和纳米粒子一起

reach up and grab the air molecules,

吸附空气分子

and cover the surface with air.

让表面覆盖上空气。

It's an umbrella of air all across it,

这就形成了一层空气保护伞。

and that layer of air is what the water hits,

当水，水泥，混凝土

the mud hits, the concrete hits, and it glides right off.

撞到这层空气时，它们就不会附着了。

So if I put this inside this water here,

如果我把这个桨放在水里，

you can see a silver reflective coating around it,

大家会看到它上面的银色反光涂层

and that silver reflective coating

这层银色的反光涂层

is the layer of air that's protecting the water

就是防止水

from touching the paddle, and it's dry.

弄湿桨的空气层。看，还是干的！

So what are the applications?

那么到底有什么用呢？

I mean, many of you right now are probably going through your head.

大部分人现在估计已经在绞尽脑汁了。

Everyone that sees this gets excited, and says,

每个看到这个兴奋的人都会说，

"Oh, I could use it for this and this and this."

“哦，我可以用它来做这，做那。”

The applications in a general sense

最基本的应用

could be anything that's anti-wetting.

就是防水。

We've certainly seen that today.

我们今天已经看到了。

It could be anything that's anti-icing,

它也可以用来防滑。

because if you don't have water, you don't have ice.

因为没有水，就没有冰。

It could be anti-corrosion.

它也可以用来防腐蚀。

No water, no corrosion.

没有水，就没有腐蚀。

It could be anti-bacterial.

也可以用来抗菌。

Without water, the bacteria won't survive.

没有水，细菌就不会存活。

And it could be things that need to be self-cleaning as well.

而且也可以用于任何需要保持自我清洁的东西。

So imagine how something like this

让我们来想象一下像这样的东西

could help revolutionize your field of work.

会如何帮助改变大家自己的工作。

And I'm going to leave you with one last demonstration,

接下来是今天最后一个演示

but before I do that, I would like to say thank you,

但是首先非常感谢大家，

and think small.

请着眼小处！

(Applause)

（掌声）

It's going to happen. Wait for it. Wait for it.

结果会出来的，等一下，等一下，

Chris Anderson: You guys didn't hear about us cutting out the Design from TED? (Laughter)

主持人：大家没听说我们正换TED的设计呢吧？（笑声）

[Two minutes later...]

［两分钟后...］

He ran into all sorts of problems in terms of managing the medical research part.

他在掌握药物研究方面经历了各种困难

It's happening!

结果出来了！

(Applause)

（热烈掌声）