Robert Hammond: Building a park in the sky

翻译人员: Angelia King 校对人员: Yvonne Fu

The Highline

高架线

is an old, elevated rail line

是一条旧的，高架轨道线

that runs for a mile and a half right through Manhattan.

它直通曼哈顿有一英里半长的距离。

And it was originally a freight line

它原本是

that ran down 10th Ave.

沿着第十大街的货运线。

And it became known as "Death Avenue"

它因“死亡大道”而得名

because so many people were run over by the trains

因为许多人被列车压死

that the railroad hired a guy on horseback to run in front,

以至于铁路局聘请马背上的一个家伙要跑在火车前鸣笛开道，

and he became known as the "West Side Cowboy."

他就是著名的“西区小子”。

But even with a cowboy,

但即使有这样的牛仔，

about one person a month

每月约有一人

was killed and run over.

还是被压死。

So they elevated it.

所以他们建了高架轨道。

They built it 30 ft. in the air, right through the middle of the city.

他们把它建在空中有30英尺高，横跨城市市中。

But with the rise of interstate trucking,

但随着州际货运的兴起，

it was used less and less.

高架线被用得越来越少。

And by 1980, the last train rode.

到1980年，最后一班列车运行。

It was a train loaded with frozen turkeys -- they say, at Thanksgiving --

据说，在感恩节，那是一辆装有冷冻火鸡的列车--

from the meatpacking district.

从肉类加工区开出。

And then it was abandoned.

然后高架线被弃用。

And I live in the neighborhood,

我住在附近，

and I first read about it in the New York Times,

我第一次在纽约时报读到这个，

in an article that said it was going to be demolished.

在一篇文章里说它要被拆除。

And I assumed someone was working

我想着有人会行动

to preserve it or save it

去保留或者保护它

and I could volunteer,

我可以志愿，

but I realized no one was doing anything.

但我意识到没有人做点事请。

I went to my first community board meeting --

我第一次去了社区委员会会议--

which I'd never been to one before --

之前我从没去过--

and sat next to another guy named Joshua David,

邻座的另一个人名叫约书亚·大卫，

who's a travel writer.

他是一名旅行作家。

And at the end of the meeting, we realized

在会议之后，我意识到

we were the only two people that were sort of interested in the project;

我们是仅有的两个人会对这计划感兴趣；

most people wanted to tear it down.

多数人想要拆除它。

So we exchanged business cards,

所以我们交换了名片，

and we kept calling each other

我们互通电话

and decided to start this organization,

决定开始组成这个组织，

Friends of the High Line.

高架线的朋友。

And the goal at first

起初目标

was just saving it from demolition,

仅是保护它不要被拆除，

but then we also wanted to figure out what we could do with it.

但后来我们也想搞明白我们可以为此做些什么。

And what first attracted me, or interested me,

首先吸引我的或让我感兴趣的

was this view from the street --

是从这街上看过去的高架线--

which is this steel structure,

它是这种钢铁结构，

sort of rusty,

有点生锈，

this industrial relic.

这种工业建筑遗产。

But when I went up on top,

但当我从上放眼望去，

it was a mile and a half of wildflowers

它是一英里半的野花丛生

running right through the middle of Manhattan

直通曼哈顿的市中心

with views of the Empire State Building

可以看见帝国大厦，

and the Statue of Liberty and the Hudson River.

自由女神像和哈得逊河。

And that's really where we started,

这的确就是我们开始要着手的

the idea coalesced around, let's make this a park,

结合周围的想法就是让我们把这建成一个公园，

and let's have it be sort of inspired

让我们把它建成

by this wildscape.

是受这种野外景致启发的公园。

At the time, there was a lot of opposition.

那时候，还有很多阻力。

Mayor Giuliani wanted to tear it down.

朱利亚尼市长想要拆除它。

I'm going to fast-forward through a lot of lawsuits

我会很快面临许多诉讼

and a lot of community engagement.

和参与许多社区。

Mayor Bloomberg came in office, he was very supportive,

布隆伯格市长来到我办公室，他是非常支持的，

but we still had to make the economic case.

但我们还得面对经济问题。

This was after 9/11;

这是在9/11之后；

the city was in tough times.

纽约市处于困难时期。

So we commissioned an economic feasibility study

所以我们委托了一家经济可行性研究

to try to make the case.

试着做这案例。

And it turns out, we got those numbers wrong.

结果是，我们得到了错误的数字。

We thought it would cost 100 million dollars to build.

我们原想它会花费1亿美元去建成。

So far it's cost about 150 million.

到目前为止，它的成本约为一亿五千万元。

And the main case was,

主要是，

this is going to make good economic sense for the city.

这将会为这城市带来好的经济效益。

So we said over a 20-year time period,

所以我们说在20年的时间内，

the value to the city in increased property values

对这城市价值是增加其地产价值

and increased taxes

增加税收

would be about 250 million.

会约为两亿五千万美元。

That was enough. It really got the city behind it.

这足够了。这真的得到了它背后的城市价值。

It turns out we were wrong on that.

但结果是我们就这方面是错误的。

Now people estimate it's created about a half a billion dollars,

现在人们估计它创造了约5亿美元，

or will create about a half a billion dollars,

或者会创造约5亿美元

in tax revenues for the city.

在城市的税收方面。

We did a design competition,

我们有了一个设计比赛，

selected a design team.

选择了一个设计团队。

We worked with them to really create a design

我们与他们

that was inspired by that wildscape.

受此野外景致的启发而真正创造了一个设计。

There's three sections.

共有三个部分。

We opened the fist section in 2009.

在2009年我们开放了第一部分。

It's been successful beyond our dreams.

它远超乎我们的梦想而成功了。

Last year we had about two million people,

去年约有两百万人，

which is about 10 times what we ever estimated.

这比我们曾估计的人数要多出10倍。

This is one of my favorite features in section one.

在第一部分这是我最喜欢的景致之一。

It's this amphitheater right over 10th Ave.

这是在第十大街的圆形剧场。

And the first section ends at 20th St. right now.

目前第一部分截止于第二十大街。

The other thing, it's generated, obviously, a lot of economic value;

另一件事，很明显，它产生了大量的经济价值；

it's also inspired, I think, a lot of great architecture.

我想，它也激发了许多伟大的建筑。

There's a point, you can stand here

在这一点，你能站在这儿

and see buildings by Frank Gehry,

俯视弗兰克·盖里

Jean Nouvel, Shigeru Ban,

让·努维尔，坂茂，

Neil Denari.

尼尔·丹尼瑞的建筑群。

And the Whitney is moving downtown

惠特尼艺术博物馆会移到市中心

and is building their new museum right at the base of the High Line.

恰好在在高架线基地建立它们的新博物馆。

And this has been designed by Renzo Piano.

这博物馆是由伦佐·皮亚诺设计的。

And they're going to break ground in May.

他们会在今年五月破土动工。

And we've already started construction on section two.

我们已经开工建设第二部分。

This is one of my favorite features,

这也是我最喜欢的景致之一，

this flyover where you're eight feet

这座天桥

off the surface of the High Line,

离高架线的表面有8英尺

running through a canopy of trees.

它穿行于一群树木树冠之间。

The High Line used to be covered in billboards,

高架线曾被广告牌覆盖，

and so we've taken a playful take

所以我们采取俏皮的方法

where, instead of framing advertisements,

取代框架广告的是，

it's going to frame people in views of the city.

它会把人们框架到城市的景观中去。

This was just installed last month.

这是上月才开始安装的。

And then the last section was going to go around the rail yards,

然后最后一部分是沿着各铁路站场，

which is the largest undeveloped site

它们是曼哈顿最大的未开发的

in Manhattan.

地方。

And the city has planned -- for better or for worse --

纽约市为了更好的或者更糟的城市规划着--

12 million square-feet of development

一千两百万平方英尺的发展

that the High Line is going to ring around.

高架线也将环顾左右。

But what really, I think, makes the High Line special

但我想使得高架线的确特别的

is the people.

是人们。

And honestly, even though I love the designs that we were building,

实话说，尽管我爱我们所建造的设计，

I was always frightened that I wouldn't really love it,

我常常害怕，我不会是真的爱它们，

because I fell in love with that wildscape --

因为我爱上了这种野外景致--

and how could you recreate that magic?

我们怎能重新创造这种神奇呢？

But what I found

但我所发现的

is it's in the people and how they use it

是这里的人们，他们怎么使用这公园

that, to me, makes it so special.

对我而言，才使得这高架线如此特别。

Just one quick example

仅一个简单的例子

is I realized right after we opened

是我恰好意识到在我们开放公园后

that there were all these people holding hands on the High Line.

在高架线所有这些人握手了。

And I realized New Yorkers don't hold hands;

我知道纽约人从不握手；

we just don't do that outside.

我们只是在外边不会这么做。

But you see that happening on the High Line,

但大家看到在高架线上所发生的事，

and I think that's the power

我想这就是种力量

that public space can have

使得公众空间可以

to transform how people experience their city

改变人们体验自己城市的感受

and interact with each other.

并互动联系在一起。

Thanks.

谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）