How we can bring mental health support to refugees | Essam Daod

翻译人员: jacks peng 校对人员: Yiyang Piao

For the last two and a half years,

在过去两年半的时间里，

I'm one of the few, if not the only, child psychiatrist

我是为数不多的，如果不是唯一

operating in refugee camps, shorelines and rescue boats

在希腊和地中海的难民营，海岸线

in Greece and the Mediterranean Sea.

和救援船中工作的儿童精神病学家。

And I can say, with great confidence,

我可以确信地说

that we are witnessing a mental-health catastrophe

我们正在目睹的这场心理健康灾难

that will affect most of us, and it will change our world.

将会影响我们大多数人，并改变我们的世界。

I live in Haifa, but nowadays, I spend most of my time abroad.

我住在海法，但现在我大部分时间都在海外。

During my time on the Greek island of Lesbos

在希腊莱斯博斯岛的那段时间

and on the rescue boats in the Mediterranean,

以及在地中海的救援船上，

thousands of refugee boats arrived to the shoreline,

数千艘难民船抵达海岸线，

crowded with more than 1.5 million refugees.

挤满多达150万的难民。

One-fourth of them are children,

其中1/4是儿童，

fleeing war and hardship.

他们逃离战争和苦难。

Each boat carries different sufferings and traumas

每艘船都装载着不同的痛苦和创伤，

from Syria, Iraq, Afganistan and different countries in Africa.

来自叙利亚、伊拉克、阿富汗和非洲的不同国家。

In the last three years alone,

仅在过去三年，

more than 12,000 refugees lost their lives.

就有超过12,000位难民死去。

And hundreds of thousands lost their souls and their mental health

成千上万的人则失去了灵魂和精神健康，

due to this cruel and traumatic experience.

因为这些残酷而痛苦的经历。

I want to tell you about Omar,

我想告诉你们奥马尔的故事，

a five-year-old Syrian refugee boy

一位5岁的叙利亚难民

who arrived to the shore on Lesbos on a crowded rubber boat.

乘坐一艘拥挤的橡皮艇抵达莱斯博斯岛的海岸。

Crying, frightened, unable to understand what's happening to him,

哭泣，害怕，无法理解发生了什么，

he was right on the verge of developing a new trauma.

他正处于产生新创伤的边缘。

I knew right away that this was a golden hour,

我清楚知道这是黄金时间，

a short period of time in which I could change his story,

这段短短的时间可以改变他的故事。

I could change the story

我能够改变这个

that he would tell himself for the rest of his life.

余生他会告诉自己的故事。

I could reframe his memories.

我可以重塑他的记忆。

I quickly held out my hands and said to his shaking mother in Arabic,

我马上伸出双手，用阿拉伯语对他颤抖的母亲说：

(Arabic) "Ateeni elwalad o khudi nafas."

(阿拉伯语)"Ateeni elwalad o khudi nafas."

"Give me the boy, and take a breath."

“把孩子给我，放松呼吸下”。

His mother gave him to me.

他妈妈把他抱给我。

Omar looked at me with scared, tearful eyes and said,

奥马尔用惧怕的泪眼看着我说：

(Arabic) "Ammo (uncle in Arabic), shu hada?"

(阿拉伯语) "Ammo (uncle in Arabic), shu hada?"

"What is this?"

“那是什么？”

as he pointed out to the police helicopter hovering above us.

他指着正在我们上方盘旋的直升机问。

"It's a helicopter!

“那是直升机！

It's here to photograph you with big cameras,

他正用大相机给你拍照呢，

because only the great and the powerful heroes,

因为只有最伟大和强大的英雄，

like you, Omar, can cross the sea."

比如你，奥马尔，才能穿越大海。“

Omar looked at me, stopped crying and asked me,

奥马尔看着我，停止了哭泣问我：

(Arabic) "Ana batal?"

(阿拉伯语) "Ana batal?"

"I'm a hero?"

“我是英雄？”

I talked to Omar for 15 minutes.

我跟奥马尔谈了15分钟，

And I gave his parents some guidance to follow.

并给他父母一些后续的指导意见。

This short psychological intervention

这个简短的精神干预

decreases the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder

可以减少创伤后应激障碍的患病率

and other mental health issues in the future,

以及未来的其他心理健康问题，

preparing Omar to get an education,

为奥马尔接受教育，

join the workforce, raise a family and beyond.

工作和抚养家庭等做好准备。

How?

“怎么做？”

By stimulating the good memories that will be stored in the amygdala,

通过刺激储存在杏仁核中的美好记忆，

the emotional storage of the human brain.

存储在人类大脑的情感，

These memories will fight the traumatic ones,

这些记忆会与创伤性的记忆斗争，

if they are reactivated in the future.

如果它们在将来被重新激活。

To Omar, the smell of the sea will not just remind him

对奥马尔来说，大海的气息不只会让他想起

of his traumatic journey from Syria.

他从叙利亚过来的痛苦旅程。

Because to Omar, this story is now a story of bravery.

因为对奥马尔而言，这个经历现在已经变成了勇敢的故事。

This is the power of the golden hour,

这就是黄金时间的力量，

which can reframe the trauma and establish a new narrative.

它可以重塑创伤并建立一个新的叙述。

But Omar is only one out of more than 350,000 children

但奥马尔只是其中一个，这场危机中没有获得

without the proper mental health support in this crisis alone.

合适心理健康支援的超过35万儿童。

Three hundred and fifty thousand children and me.

35万儿童和我。

We need mental health professionals

我们需要心理健康专家

to join rescue teams during times of active crisis.

在危机期间加入救援队伍。

This is why my wife and I and friends co-founded "Humanity Crew."

这就是我和我的妻子和朋友 共同创立“人性救护队”的原因。

One of the few aid organizations in the world

这个世界上少数几个

that specializes in providing psychosocial aid

专门提供心理援助，

and first-response mental health interventions

并第一时间给难民和流离失所的人们

to refugees and displaced populations.

提供心理健康干预的组织。

To provide them with a suitable intervention,

为给他们提供适当的干预，

we create the four-step approach, a psychosocial work plan

我们创建了四步方法，一个跟随难民旅途

that follows the refugees on each step of their journey.

每一个环节的心理工作计划。

Starting inside the sea, on the rescue boats,

从海上的救援船开始

as mental health lifeguards.

扮演心理健康救生员的角色。

Later in the camps, hospitals and through our online clinic

随后到难民营，医院和我们的在线诊所

that breaks down borders and overcomes languages.

去打破国界和克服语言障碍，

And ending in the asylum countries, helping them integrate.

最终到庇护国，帮助他们融入社会。

Since our first mission in 2015,

自2015年首次任务以来，

"Humanity Crew" had 194 delegations

“人性救护队”一共派出194个

of qualified, trained volunteers and therapists.

受过专业训练的志愿者和治疗师组成的代表团。

We have provided 26,000 hours of mental health support

我们提供的心理健康支持时长超过26,000小时，

to over 10,000 refugees.

服务超过10,000名难民。

We can all do something to prevent this mental health catastrophe.

我们都可以做点什么来防止这种精神疾病的灾难。

We need to acknowledge that first aid is not just needed for the body,

我们得承认，需要急救的不仅仅是身体，

but it has also to include the mind, the soul.

心理和灵魂也应该包括在内。

The impact on the soul is hardly visible,

对灵魂的影响是看不见的，

but the damage can be there for life.

但对生活的损害是存在的。

Let's not forget that what distinguishes us humans from machines

让我们不要忘记人类与机器的区别在于

is the beautiful and the delicate soul within us.

我们内在的美丽和脆弱的灵魂。

Let's try harder to save more Omars.

让我们更努力去拯救更多的奥马尔。

Thank you.

谢谢

(Applause)

（鼓掌）

(Cheers)

（欢呼）

(Applause)

（鼓掌）