How we can bring mental health support to refugees | Essam Daod

67,146 views ใƒป 2018-07-11

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Omri Radai ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Meshi Blum
00:13
For the last two and a half years,
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช,ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื”ืžืขื˜ื™ื
00:15
I'm one of the few, if not the only, child psychiatrist
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ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“,ืฉืขื‘ื“ื• ื›ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื
00:19
operating in refugee camps, shorelines and rescue boats
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื ื•ืช ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื, ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื•ืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ.
00:22
in Greece and the Mediterranean Sea.
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00:25
And I can say, with great confidence,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืฉื™ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืจื•ื‘ื ื•,
00:27
that we are witnessing a mental-health catastrophe
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00:31
that will affect most of us, and it will change our world.
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ื•ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ืืช ืขื•ืœืžื ื•.
00:35
I live in Haifa, but nowadays, I spend most of my time abroad.
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ืื ื™ ื’ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ืคื”, ืืš ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืžื‘ืœื” ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื–ืžื ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ.
00:40
During my time on the Greek island of Lesbos
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืื™ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืœืกื‘ื•ืก ื•ื‘ืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ื‘ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ,
00:43
and on the rescue boats in the Mediterranean,
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00:45
thousands of refugee boats arrived to the shoreline,
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ืืœืคื™ ืกื™ืจื•ืช ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืืœ ื”ื—ื•ืคื™ื, ืขืžื•ืกื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื.
00:48
crowded with more than 1.5 million refugees.
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00:52
One-fourth of them are children,
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ืจื‘ืข ืžื”ื ื”ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื‘ื•ืจื—ื™ื ืžืžืฆื•ืงื” ื•ืžืœื—ืžื”.
00:54
fleeing war and hardship.
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00:56
Each boat carries different sufferings and traumas
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ื›ืœ ืกื™ืจื” ื ื•ืฉืืช ืขืžื” ืกื‘ืœ ื•ื˜ืจืื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื - ืžืกื•ืจื™ื”, ืขื™ืจืืง, ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ
00:59
from Syria, Iraq, Afganistan and different countries in Africa.
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ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
01:04
In the last three years alone,
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ืจืง ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-12,000 ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืงื™ืคื—ื• ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื,
01:05
more than 12,000 refugees lost their lives.
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01:09
And hundreds of thousands lost their souls and their mental health
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ื•ืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ื ืื™ื‘ื“ื• ืืช ืชื•ื“ืขืชื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื ืคืฉื ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื–ืขื–ืขื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.
01:13
due to this cruel and traumatic experience.
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01:17
I want to tell you about Omar,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืขืœ ืขื•ืžืืจ, ื™ืœื“ ืคืœื™ื˜ ืกื•ืจื™ ื‘ืŸ ื—ืžืฉ
01:19
a five-year-old Syrian refugee boy
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01:21
who arrived to the shore on Lesbos on a crowded rubber boat.
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ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื—ื•ืคื™ ืœืกื‘ื•ืก ืขืœ ืกื™ืจืช ื’ื•ืžื™ ืฆืคื•ืคื”.
01:26
Crying, frightened, unable to understand what's happening to him,
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ื‘ื•ื›ื”, ืžืคื•ื—ื“, ื—ืกืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœื•, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืงืฆื” ืฉืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื˜ืจืื•ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื”.
01:29
he was right on the verge of developing a new trauma.
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01:33
I knew right away that this was a golden hour,
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ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืžื™ื“ ืฉื–ื•ื”ื™ "ืฉืขืช ื–ื”ื‘" - ืจื’ืข ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื•.
01:35
a short period of time in which I could change his story,
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01:39
I could change the story
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ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉื™ืกืคืจ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืืจื™ืช ื—ื™ื™ื•.
01:41
that he would tell himself for the rest of his life.
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01:43
I could reframe his memories.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื ืกื— ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•.
01:47
I quickly held out my hands and said to his shaking mother in Arabic,
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ื”ื•ืฉื˜ืชื™ ืžื”ืจ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ ื•ืืžืจืชื™ ืœืืžื• ื”ืจื•ืขื“ืช ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, "ืืขื˜ื™ื ื™ ืืœื•ืœื“ ื•ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื ืคืก".
01:52
(Arabic) "Ateeni elwalad o khudi nafas."
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01:54
"Give me the boy, and take a breath."
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"ืชื ื™ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ื•ืงื—ื™ ื ืฉื™ืžื”".
01:56
His mother gave him to me.
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ืืžื• ืžืกืจื” ืœื™ ืื•ืชื•.
01:59
Omar looked at me with scared, tearful eyes and said,
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ืขื•ืžืืจ ื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœื™ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืžืคื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ื“ื•ืžืขื•ืช ื•ืืžืจ, "ืขืžื• (ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช), ืฉื• ื”ืื“'ื”?"
02:03
(Arabic) "Ammo (uncle in Arabic), shu hada?"
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02:06
"What is this?"
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"ืžื” ื–ื”?", ื‘ืขื•ื“ื• ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืžืกื•ืง ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืฉื—ื’ ืžืขืœื™ื ื•.
02:07
as he pointed out to the police helicopter hovering above us.
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02:12
"It's a helicopter!
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"ื–ื” ืžืกื•ืง! ื”ื•ื ื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืœื ืื•ืชืš ืขื ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ื’ื“ืœื•ืช,
02:13
It's here to photograph you with big cameras,
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02:15
because only the great and the powerful heroes,
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ื›ื™ ืจืง ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื“ื’ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื โ€“ ื›ืžื•ืš, ืขื•ืžืืจ โ€“ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฆื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ื."
02:18
like you, Omar, can cross the sea."
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02:22
Omar looked at me, stopped crying and asked me,
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ืขื•ืžืืจ ื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœื™ื™, ื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœื‘ื›ื•ืช ื•ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื™, "ืื ื ื‘ื˜ืœ?"
02:27
(Arabic) "Ana batal?"
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02:28
"I'm a hero?"
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"ืื ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ?"
02:32
I talked to Omar for 15 minutes.
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ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขื ืขื•ืžืืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš 15 ื“ืงื•ืช ื•ื ืชืชื™ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื”ืŸ.
02:34
And I gave his parents some guidance to follow.
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02:37
This short psychological intervention
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ื”ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื”ืงืฆืจื” ื”ื–ื• ืžืคื—ื™ืชื” ืืช ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืคืขืชืŸ
02:39
decreases the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder
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ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื“ื—ืง ืคื•ืกื˜-ื˜ืจืื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืชื™ื“,
02:42
and other mental health issues in the future,
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02:45
preparing Omar to get an education,
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ืžื›ื™ื ื” ืืช ืขื•ืžืืจ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื›ืœื”, ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื›ื•ื— ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ืขื•ื“.
02:47
join the workforce, raise a family and beyond.
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02:50
How?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“?
02:51
By stimulating the good memories that will be stored in the amygdala,
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ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื™ืจื•ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืื•ื—ืกื ื• ื‘ืืžื™ื’ื“ืœื”, ื”ืžื—ืกืŸ ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™.
02:55
the emotional storage of the human brain.
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02:57
These memories will fight the traumatic ones,
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ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื™ืœื—ืžื• ื‘ืืœื• ื”ื˜ืจืื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื™ื•ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืขืชื™ื“.
02:59
if they are reactivated in the future.
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03:02
To Omar, the smell of the sea will not just remind him
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืขื•ืžืืจ, ืจื™ื— ื”ื™ื ืœื ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื• ืจืง ืืช ื”ืžืกืข ื”ื˜ืจืื•ืžื˜ื™ ืžืกื•ืจื™ื”.
03:05
of his traumatic journey from Syria.
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03:07
Because to Omar, this story is now a story of bravery.
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืขื•ืžืืจ, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื ื• ื›ืขืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”.
03:12
This is the power of the golden hour,
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ื–ื”ื• ื›ื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืขืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘, ืฉื‘ื›ื•ื—ื” ืœื ืกื— ื˜ืจืื•ืžื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืœื‘ืกืก ืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ.
03:14
which can reframe the trauma and establish a new narrative.
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03:19
But Omar is only one out of more than 350,000 children
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ืืš ืขื•ืžืืจ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืื—ื“ ืžืชื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-350,000 ื™ืœื“ื™ื
03:25
without the proper mental health support in this crisis alone.
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ืœืœื ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
03:30
Three hundred and fifty thousand children and me.
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ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืื•ืช ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืืœืฃ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืื ื™.
03:36
We need mental health professionals
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ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื™ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจ.
03:38
to join rescue teams during times of active crisis.
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03:42
This is why my wife and I and friends co-founded "Humanity Crew."
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ืœืฉื ื›ืš, ื”ืงืžื ื• ื‘ื™ื—ื“ - ืื ื™, ืืฉืชื™ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื - ืืช "ืฆื•ื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช",
03:48
One of the few aid organizations in the world
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ืžืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืขื–ืจื” ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช
03:50
that specializes in providing psychosocial aid
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03:52
and first-response mental health interventions
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ื•ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื–ืจื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช ืœืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื•ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืขืงืจื• ืžื‘ืชื™ื”ื.
03:55
to refugees and displaced populations.
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03:58
To provide them with a suitable intervention,
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืกืคืง ืœื”ื ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืชืื™ืžื”, ื™ืฆืจื ื• ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื,
04:01
we create the four-step approach, a psychosocial work plan
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ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช ืฉืžืœื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืžืกืขื;
04:04
that follows the refugees on each step of their journey.
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04:08
Starting inside the sea, on the rescue boats,
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ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื‘ืœื‘ ื™ื, ืขืœ ืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆืœื”, ื›ืžืฆื™ืœื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ.
04:12
as mental health lifeguards.
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04:14
Later in the camps, hospitals and through our online clinic
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ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื‘ืžื—ื ื•ืช, ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื,
ื•ื“ืจืš ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ืงื” ืื•ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืคื•ืขืœืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ ืฉืคื”.
04:19
that breaks down borders and overcomes languages.
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04:22
And ending in the asylum countries, helping them integrate.
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืงืœื˜.
04:26
Since our first mission in 2015,
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ืžืื– ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื‘-2015,
04:29
"Humanity Crew" had 194 delegations
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"ืฆื•ื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช" ื”ื•ืฆื™ื 194 ืžืฉืœื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื•ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ื•ืžืชื•ืจื’ืœื™ื.
04:32
of qualified, trained volunteers and therapists.
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04:35
We have provided 26,000 hours of mental health support
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ืกื™ืคืงื ื• 26,000 ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-10,000 ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื. .
04:39
to over 10,000 refugees.
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04:42
We can all do something to prevent this mental health catastrophe.
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ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืงื˜ืกื˜ืจื•ืคื” ื”ื ืคืฉื™ืช ื”ื–ื•.
04:47
We need to acknowledge that first aid is not just needed for the body,
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ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืขื–ืจื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืื™ื ื” ืจืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ
04:52
but it has also to include the mind, the soul.
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ื’ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ื“ืขื”, ื”ื ืคืฉ.
04:55
The impact on the soul is hardly visible,
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ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื ืจืื™ืช ืœืขื™ืŸ, ืืš ื ื–ืงื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
04:57
but the damage can be there for life.
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05:00
Let's not forget that what distinguishes us humans from machines
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ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื ื ืฉื›ื— ืฉืžื” ืฉืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื•, ื‘ื ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ, ืžืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื™ืคื” ื•ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื•.
05:05
is the beautiful and the delicate soul within us.
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05:10
Let's try harder to save more Omars.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืชืืžืฅ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื•ืžืืจื™ื.
05:13
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
05:14
(Applause)
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(ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
05:18
(Cheers)
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05:20
(Applause)
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ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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