Julia Bacha: Pay attention to nonviolence

Prevodilac: Natasa Golosin Lektor: Ana Zivanovic-Nenadovic

I'm a filmmaker.

Ja sam režiserka.

For the last 8 years,

Poslednjih osam godina,

I have dedicated my life

posvetila sam svoj život

to documenting the work

dokumentaciji rada

of Israelis and Palestinians

Izraelaca i Palestinaca

who are trying to end the conflict

koji pokušavaju da zaustave konflikt

using peaceful means.

nenasilnim sredstvima.

When I travel with my work

Kada putujem poslovno

across Europe and the United States,

po Evropi i Sjedinjenim državama,

one question always comes up:

jedno pitanje se uvek javlja:

Where is the Palestinian Gandhi?

Gde je palestinski Gandi?

Why aren't Palestinians

Zašto Palestinci

using nonviolent resistance?

ne pruže nenasilni otpor?

The challenge I face when I hear this question

Izazov sa kojim se suočavam kada to čujem

is that often I have just returned from the Middle East

je da sam se često upravo vratila sa Bliskog istoka

where I spent my time

gde sam provodila vreme

filming dozens of Palestinians

snimajući desetine Palestinaca

who are using nonviolence

koji koriste nenasilje

to defend their lands

kako bi odbranili svoju zemlju

and water resources

i izvore vode

from Israeli soldiers and settlers.

od izraelskih vojnika i naseljenika.

These leaders are trying to forge

Ovi lideri pokušavaju da iskuju

a massive national nonviolent movement

masovni, nacionalni, nenasilni pokret

to end the occupation

kako bi okončali okupaciju

and build peace in the region.

i izgradili mir u regionu.

Yet, most of you

Ipak, većina vas

have probably never heard about them.

verovatno nikada nije čula za njih.

This divide between what's happening on the ground

Razlika između onog što se tamo dešava

and perceptions abroad

i mišljenja internacionalnog javnog mnjenja

is one of the key reasons

je jedan od ključnih razloga

why we don't have yet

zbog koga još uvek nemamo

a Palestinian peaceful resistance movement

palestinski pokret mirovnog otpora

that has been successful.

koji je bio uspešan.

So I'm here today

Zato sam danas ovde

to talk about the power of attention,

kako bih govorila o moći pažnje,

the power of your attention,

moći vaše pažnje

and the emergence and development

i nastanku i razvoju

of nonviolent movements

pokreta koji ne koriste nasilje

in the West Bank, Gaza and elsewhere --

na Zapadnoj obali, Gazi i na drugim mestima --

but today, my case study is going to be Palestine.

ali danas ću govoriti o Palestini.

I believe that what's mostly missing

Verujem da ono što nedostaje

for nonviolence to grow

nenasilju da se razvija

is not for Palestinians

nije da Palestinci

to start adopting nonviolence,

počnu da ga usvajaju,

but for us to start paying attention

već da mi obratimo pažnju

to those who already are.

na one koji to već rade.

Allow me to illustrate this point

Dopustite mi da ovo ilustrujem

by taking you to this village

tako što ću vas odvesti u selo

called Budrus.

koje se zove Budrus.

About seven years ago,

Pre oko sedam godina

they faced extinction,

pretilo im je uništenje

because Israel announced it would build a separation barrier,

jer su Izraelci proglasili da će zidati barijeru

and part of this barrier

čiji bi deo

would be built on top of the village.

prolazio po sred sela.

They would lose 40 percent of their land

Izgubuli bi 40% svoje zemlje

and be surrounded,

ili bili potpuno okruženi,

so they would lose free access

čime bi izgubili slobodan prolaz

to the rest of the West Bank.

ka ostatku Zapadne obale.

Through inspired local leadership,

Uz pomoć dosetljivih lokalnih vođa

they launched a peaceful resistance campaign

pokrenuli su mirovnu kampanju otpora

to stop that from happening.

kako bi to sprečili.

Let me show you some brief clips,

Pokazaću vam nekoliko kratkih video klipova,

so you have a sense

kako biste razumeli

for what that actually looked like on the ground.

kako to ustvarni izgleda.

(Music)

(Muzika)

Palestinian Woman: We were told the wall

Palestinka: Rečeno nam je da bi zid

would separate Palestine from Israel.

razdvojio Palestinu od Izraela.

Here in Budrus,

Ovde u Budrusu,

we realized the wall would steal our land.

shvatili smo da bi zid ukrao našu zemlju.

Israeli Man: The fence has, in fact,

Izraelac: Ograda je, u stvari

created a solution to terror.

rešenje za teror.

Man: Today you're invited

Čovek: Danas ste pozvani

to a peaceful march.

na mirni marš.

You are joined

Pridružiće vam se

by dozens of your Israeli brothers and sisters.

desetine vaših braća i sestara iz Izraela

Israeli Activist: Nothing scares the army

Izraelski aktivista: Vojsku ništa ne plaši

more than nonviolent opposition.

kao nenasilni otpor.

Woman: We saw the men

Žena: Videli smo ljude

trying to push the soldiers,

koji pokušavaju da odgurnu vojnike

but none of them could do that.

ali niko nije uspeo.

But I think the girls could do it.

No, mislim da bi devojke uspele.

Fatah Party Member: We must empty our minds

Član Fataha: Moramo da se oslobodimo

of traditional thinking.

tradicionalnog načina razmišljanja.

Hamas Party Member: We were in complete harmony,

Član Hamansa: Bili smo u potpunoj harmoniji,

and we wanted to spread it to all of Palestine.

i hteli smo da to proširimo po celoj Palestini.

Chanting: One united nation.

Jedna ujedinjena nacija.

Fatah, Hamas and the Popular Front!

Fatah, Hamas i Narodni front.

News Anchor: The clashes over the fence continue.

Spiker: Nemiri oko zaštitne ograde se nastavljaju.

Reporter: Israeli border police were sent to disperse the crowd.

Novinar: izraelska granična policija bila je poslata da rastera masu.

They were allowed to use any force necessary.

Bilo im je dozvoljeno da koriste bilo koje potrebne mere.

(Gunshots)

(Pucnjava)

Man: These are live bullets.

Čovek: Ovo su pravi meci.

It's like Fallujah. Shooting everywhere.

Ovo je kao u Falujahu. Svuda se puca.

Israeli Activist: I was sure we were all going to die.

Izraelski aktivist: Bio sam siguran da ćemo umreti.

But there were others around me who weren't even cowering.

Ali bilo je ljudi oko mene koji se nisu ni plašilii.

Israeli Soldier: A nonviolent protest

Izraelski vojnik: Nenasilni protest

is not going to stop the [unclear].

neće zaustaviti (nejasno).

Protester: This is a peaceful march.

Demonstrant: Ovo je mirni marš.

There is no need to use violence.

Nema potrebe da koristimo nasilje.

Chanting: We can do it! We can do it!

Mi to možemo. Mi to možemo.

We can do it!

Mi to možemo.

Julia Bacha: When I first heard

Žulia Baša: Kada sam prvi put čula

about the story of Budrus,

priču o Budrusu,

I was surprised

bila sam iznenađena

that the international media had failed to cover

da međunarodni mediji nisu pokrili

the extraordinary set of events

ovaj neverovatni sled događaja

that happened seven years ago,

koji se desio pre sedam godina,

in 2003.

2003.

What was even more surprising

Ono što me je još više iznenadilo

was the fact that Budrus was successful.

bilo je to što je Budrus bio primer uspeha.

The residents, after 10 months of peaceful resistance,

Stanovnici su, nakon 10 meseci mirnih protesta,

convinced the Israeli government

ubedili izraelsku vladu

to move the route of the barrier off their lands

da pomeri svoje barijere sa njihove zemlje

and to the green line,

do zelene linije

which is the internationally recognized boundary

koja je međunarodno priznata granica

between Israel and the Palestinian Territories.

između Izraela i palestinskih teritorija.

The resistance in Budrus

Otpor u Budrusu

has since spread

od tad se raširio

to villages across the West Bank

po selima po celoj Zapadnoj obali

and to Palestinian neighborhoods in Jerusalem.

i po palestinskim četvrtima u Jerusalimu.

Yet the media remains mostly silent

Uprkos svemu, mediji su ostali prilično nezainteresovani

on these stories.

za ove priče.

This silence carries profound consequences

Ta ćutnja ima velike posledice

for the likelihood

za verovatnoću

that nonviolence can grow,

razvijanja nenasilja,

or even survive,

i čak njegovog preživivljavanja

in Palestine.

u Palestini.

Violent resistance

Nasilni otpor

and nonviolent resistance

i nenasilni otpor

share one very important thing in common;

imaju jednu važnu zajedničku crtu;

they are both a form of theater

oba su jedan oblik pozorišta

seeking an audience to their cause.

koji traži publiku za sebe.

If violent actors

Ako nasilni "glumci"

are the only ones constantly getting front-page covers

jedini dobijaju naslovne strane

and attracting international attention

i privlače međunarodnu pažnju

to the Palestinian issue,

o palestinskom pitanju,

it becomes very hard

postaje veoma teško

for nonviolent leaders

za nenasilne lidere

to make the case to their communities

da dokažu svojim sunarodnicima

that civil disobedience

da je građanska neposlušnost

is a viable option

održiva opcija

in addressing their plight.

u procesu rešavanja njihovih neprilika.

The power of attention

Moć pažnje

is probably going to come as no surprise

verovatno neće iznenaditi

to the parents in the room.

roditelje u ovoj prostoriji.

The surest way

Najsigurniji način

to make your child throw increasingly louder tantrums

da vaše dete sve jače vrišti

is by giving him attention

je tako što ćete na njega obratiti pažnju

the first time he throws a fit.

kada pokuša prvi put.

The tantrum will become

Vrištanje će postati,

what childhood psychologists call

kako dečiji psiholozi kažu,

a functional behavior,

funkcionalno ponašanje

since the child has learned

jer je dete naučilo

that he can get parental attention out of it.

da tako privlači pažnju roditelja.

Parents can incentivize or disincentivize behavior

Roditelji mogu da podstiču ili ne podstiču neko ponašanje

simply by giving or withdrawing

jednostavno poklanjajući ili ne

attention to their children.

pažnju svojoj deci.

But that's true for adults too.

Ali to važi i za odrasle.

In fact, the behavior

U stvari, na ponašanje

of entire communities and countries

celih zajednica i država

can be influenced,

može uticati to

depending on where

gde

the international community chooses

međunarodna zajednica odluči

to focus its attention.

da usmeri svoju pažnju.

I believe that at the core of ending the conflict in the Middle East

Verujem da je u korenu kraja sukoba na Bliskom istoku

and bringing peace

i stupanja mira

is for us

to da mi

to transform nonviolence

pretvorimo nenasilje

into a functional behavior

u funkcionalno ponašanje

by giving a lot more attention

obraćajući mnogo više pažnje

to the nonviolent leaders on the ground today.

na nenasilne lidere današnjece.

In the course of taking my film to villages

Tokom prikazivanja mog filma po selima

in the West Bank, in Gaza and in East Jerusalem,

na Zapadnoj obali, u Pojasu Gaze i u istočnom Jerusalimu,

I have seen the impact

videla sam šta

that even one documentary film can have

jedan dokumetarni film može učiniti

in influencing the transformation.

i kako može uticati na transformaciju.

In a village called Wallajeh,

U selu Valaje

which sits very close to Jerusalem,

veoma blizu Jerusalima

the community was facing

zajednica je bila suočena

a very similar plight to Budrus.

sa sličnim problemima kao Budrus.

They were going to be surrounded, lose a lot of their lands

Bili su opkoljeni, izgubili su mnogo zemlje

and not have freedom of access,

i ne bi imali pristup

either to the West Bank or Jerusalem.

ni Zapadnoj obali ni Jerusalimu.

They had been using nonviolence for about two years

Služili su se nenasiljem oko dve godine

but had grown disenchanted

ali su postali razočarani

since nobody was paying attention.

jer niko nije obratio pažnju.

So we organized a screening.

Tako da smo organizovali prikazivanje filma.

A week later,

Nedelju dana kasnije

they held the most well-attended

održali su najposećenije

and disciplined

i najdisciplinovanije

demonstration to date.

demonstracije do tada

The organizers say

Organizatori kažu

that the villagers, upon seeing the story of Budrus

da su seljaci, nakon što pogledaju priču o Budrusu,

documented in a film,

dokumentovanu u filmu,

felt that there were indeed people

osetili da zaista postoje ljudi

following what they were doing,

koji prate ono što oni rade,

that people cared.

da je ljudima stalo.

So they kept on going.

Tako su nastavili da to rade.

On the Israeli side,

Na izraelskoj strani

there is a new peace movement called Solidariot,

postoji novi mirovni pokret koji se zove "Solidariot",

which means solidarity in Hebrew.

što znači solidarnost na hebrejskom.

The leaders of this movement have been using Budrus

Lideri ovog pokreta su koristili Budrus

as one of their primary recruiting tools.

kao jedno od svojih glavnih sredstava za regrutaciju.

They report

Oni kažu

that Israelis who had never been active before,

da su Izraelci koji nikad ranije nisu bili aktivni

upon seeing the film,

nakon gledanja filma

understand the power of nonviolence

razumeli snagu nenasilja

and start joining their activities.

i pridruživali se aktivistima.

The examples of Wallajeh

Primer Valaje

and the Solidariot movement

i pokreta "Solidariot"

show that even a small-budget independent film

pokazao je da čak i niskobudžetni film

can play a role

može igrati ulogu

in transforming nonviolence

u transformaciji nenasilja

into a functional behavior.

u funkcionalno ponašanje

Now imagine the power

Sada zamislite snagu

that big media players could have

koju bi veliki medijski igrači mogli da imaju

if they started covering

ako bi počeli da pokrivaju

the weekly nonviolent demonstrations

nedeljne nenasilne demonstracije

happening in villages

koje se dešavaju u selima

like Bil'in, Ni'lin,

kao što su Bilin, Nilin

Wallajeh,

Valajeh,

in Jerusalem neighborhoods

u četvrtima Jerusalima

like Sheikh Jarrah and Silwan --

kao što su Šeik Žarah i Silvan --

the nonviolent leaders

lideri nenasilnih protesta

would become more visible,

bi postali popularniji

valued and effective

cenjeniji i efektniji

in their work.

u svom radu.

I believe

Verujem

that the most important thing

da je najvažnije

is to understand

razumeti

that if we don't pay attention to these efforts,

da ako mi ne primetimo ove napore,

they are invisible,

oni ostaju nevidljivi,

and it's as if they never happened.

kao da se nikada nisu ni desili.

But I have seen first hand

Ali lično sam videla

that if we do,

da ako mi to uradimo,

they will multiply.

oni će se umnožiti.

If they multiply,

A ako pomnože

their influence will grow

uticaj će rasti

in the overall Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

generalno u izraelsko palestinskom sukobu.

And theirs is the kind of influence

I tu postoji uticaj

that can finally

koji konačno može

unblock the situation.

da odblokira situaciju.

These leaders have proven that nonviolence works

Ovi lideri su dokazali da nenasilje funkcioniše

in places like Budrus.

u mestima kao što je Budrus.

Let's give them attention

Posvetimo im pažnju

so they can prove it works everywhere.

kako bi mogli da dokažu da to svuda funkcioniše.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)