How to make hard choices | Ruth Chang

1,901,258 views ・ 2014-06-18

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Prevodilac: Ivana Krivokuća Lektor: Ivana Korom
00:12
Think of a hard choice you'll face in the near future.
0
12817
3214
Pomislite na težak izbor sa kojim ćete se suočiti u bliskoj budućnosti.
00:16
It might be between two careers --
1
16391
1821
To može biti između dve karijere -
umetnika i računovođe -
00:18
artist and accountant --
2
18236
1447
00:20
or places to live -- the city or the country --
3
20286
2448
ili mesta za život - grada ili sela -
ili čak između dve osobe sa kojom biste se venčali -
00:23
or even between two people to marry --
4
23123
1874
00:25
you could marry Betty or you could marry Lolita.
5
25021
2948
možete oženiti Beti ili možete oženiti Lolitu.
00:28
Or it might be a choice about whether to have children,
6
28572
2993
Ili to može biti izbor u vezi s tim da li imati dece,
00:31
to have an ailing parent move in with you,
7
31589
2347
da li će se oboleli roditelj useliti kod vas,
00:33
to raise your child in a religion that your partner lives by
8
33960
3217
da li odgajati dete u veri
po kojoj živi vaš partner
00:37
but leaves you cold.
9
37201
1392
ali ste vi ravnodušni prema njoj.
Ili da li ćete donirati svoju životnu ušteđevinu u dobrotvorne svrhe.
00:39
Or whether to donate your life savings to charity.
10
39236
2837
00:42
Chances are, the hard choice you thought of was something big,
11
42622
2914
Verovatno je da je težak izbor na koji ste pomislili
nešto veliko, nešto važno,
00:45
something momentous, something that matters to you.
12
45560
2504
nešto što vam je od značaja.
00:48
Hard choices seem to be occasions
13
48763
2266
Čini se da su teški izbori povodi
za agoniju, zabrinutost,
00:51
for agonizing, hand-wringing, the gnashing of teeth.
14
51053
3510
škrgutanje zubima.
Ali mislim da smo pogrešno razumeli teške izbore
00:56
But I think we've misunderstood hard choices
15
56073
2065
i ulogu koju oni igraju u našim životima.
00:58
and the role they play in our lives.
16
58162
2067
01:00
Understanding hard choices
17
60253
1878
Razumevanje teških izbora
razotkriva sakrivenu moć
01:02
uncovers a hidden power each of us possesses.
18
62155
3483
koju svako od nas poseduje.
01:06
What makes a choice hard is the way the alternatives relate.
19
66972
3349
Ono što čini izbor teškim jeste način
na koji se alternative međusobno odnose.
01:10
In any easy choice,
20
70909
1450
U slučaju lakog izbora,
01:12
one alternative is better than the other.
21
72383
2138
jedna alternativa je bolja od druge.
01:14
In a hard choice,
22
74910
1469
Kod teškog izbora,
01:16
one alternative is better in some ways,
23
76403
2528
jedna alternativa je bolja na neke načine,
01:18
the other alternative is better in other ways,
24
78955
2201
druga alternativa je bolja na druge načine,
01:21
and neither is better than the other overall.
25
81180
2671
a nijedna nije bolja od druge celokupno gledano.
01:24
You agonize over whether to stay in your current job in the city
26
84732
4247
Upinjete se oko toga da li da ostanete
na svom trenutnom poslu u gradu
ili da premestite svoj život radi
01:29
or uproot your life for more challenging work in the country,
27
89003
4349
izazovnijeg rada na selu
jer je ostajanje bolje na neke načine,
01:33
because staying is better in some ways,
28
93479
2202
01:35
moving is better in others,
29
95705
1600
preseljenje je bolje na druge,
01:37
and neither is better than the other overall.
30
97329
2738
a nijedno od njih nije bolje od drugog sveukupno.
01:41
We shouldn't think that all hard choices are big.
31
101368
3282
Ne treba misliti da su svi teški izbori veliki.
Recimo da odlučujute šta ćete doručkovati.
01:45
Let's say you're deciding what to have for breakfast.
32
105023
2607
01:47
You could have high fiber bran cereal
33
107654
2856
Možete jesti visoko vlaknaste cerealije od mekinja
ili čokoladnu krofnu.
01:50
or a chocolate donut.
34
110534
1352
Pretpostavimo da je ono što je važno za izbor
01:52
Suppose what matters in the choice is tastiness and healthfulness.
35
112199
3570
ukus i zdrava svojstva.
01:56
The cereal is better for you,
36
116563
2242
Žitarice su bolje za vas,
01:58
the donut tastes way better,
37
118829
2157
krofna je boljeg ukusa,
ali nijedno nije bolje od drugog sveukupno,
02:01
but neither is better than the other overall,
38
121010
2202
02:03
a hard choice.
39
123236
1414
težak izbor.
02:05
Realizing that small choices can also be hard,
40
125348
4000
Shvatanje da mali izbori
mogu takođe biti teški
02:09
may make big hard choices seem less intractable.
41
129372
3326
može učiniti da se veliki teški izbori učine manje nesavladivim.
02:13
After all, we manage to figure out what to have for breakfast,
42
133563
2906
Na kraju krajeva, uspevamo da rešimo šta ćemo doručkovati,
02:16
so maybe we can figure out whether to stay in the city
43
136493
3131
tako da možda možemo da rešimo
da li ostati u gradu
02:19
or uproot for the new job in the country.
44
139648
2277
ili premestiti se, radi novog posla, na selo.
02:23
We also shouldn't think that hard choices are hard
45
143789
4552
Takođe ne bi trebalo da mislimo da su teški izbori teški
02:28
because we are stupid.
46
148365
1577
zato što smo mi glupi.
02:30
When I graduated from college,
47
150692
1916
Kada sam diplomirala na fakultetu,
02:32
I couldn't decide between two careers, philosophy and law.
48
152632
3502
nisam mogla da se odlučim između dve karijere,
filozofije i prava.
Zaista sam volela filozofiju.
02:36
I really loved philosophy.
49
156158
2665
02:39
There are amazing things you can learn as a philosopher,
50
159600
2952
Postoje neverovatne stvari koje možete naučiti
kao filozof,
02:42
and all from the comfort of an armchair.
51
162576
2475
i sve to iz udobnosti fotelje.
Ali ja sam potekla iz skromne imigrantske porodice
02:46
But I came from a modest immigrant family
52
166106
2878
02:49
where my idea of luxury
53
169008
1449
gde je moja ideja o luksuzu
02:50
was having a pork tongue and jelly sandwich
54
170481
2485
bila imati svinjski jezik i žele sendvič
02:52
in my school lunchbox,
55
172990
1543
u mojoj kutiji za školski ručak,
02:55
so the thought of spending my whole life
56
175232
2365
tako da je pomisao o provođenju mog celog života
02:57
sitting around in armchairs just thinking ...
57
177621
2959
sedeći u fotelji samo razmišljajući,
pa, to mi je delovalo kao vrhunac ekstravagancije i neozbiljnosti.
03:01
Well, that struck me as the height of extravagance and frivolity.
58
181335
3181
Tako da sam izvadila svoj žuti notes,
03:05
So I got out my yellow pad,
59
185357
1746
03:07
I drew a line down the middle,
60
187127
1883
nacrtala sam liniju po sredini,
03:09
and I tried my best to think of the reasons
61
189034
2397
i trudila sam se da smislim razloge
03:11
for and against each alternative.
62
191455
2673
za i protiv svake alternative.
Sećam se da sam pomislila,
03:15
I remember thinking to myself,
63
195199
2190
03:17
if only I knew what my life in each career would be like.
64
197413
4412
samo kad bih znala kakav bi moj život
u svakoj karijeri bio.
03:22
If only God or Netflix would send me a DVD of my two possible future careers,
65
202428
5987
Kada bi mi samo bog ili Netfliks poslao DVD
moje dve moguće buduće karijere, bila bih spremna.
03:28
I'd be set.
66
208439
1172
03:29
I'd compare them side by side,
67
209635
1902
Uporedila bih ih jednu pored druge,
03:31
I'd see that one was better,
68
211561
1907
videla bih da je jedna bolja,
03:33
and the choice would be easy.
69
213492
1788
i izbor bi bio lak.
03:35
But I got no DVD,
70
215867
1609
Ali nemam DVD,
03:37
and because I couldn't figure out which was better,
71
217976
2843
i pošto nisam mogla da odredim koja je bolja,
03:40
I did what many of us do in hard choices:
72
220843
2713
učinila sam oni što mnogi od nas rade pri teškim izborima:
03:43
I took the safest option.
73
223580
1989
odabrala sam najsigurniju opciju.
03:46
Fear of being an unemployed philosopher led me to become a lawyer,
74
226466
4265
Strah od toga da ću biti nezaposleni filozof
me je odveo do toga da postanem advokat,
i kao što sam otkrila,
03:52
and as I discovered, lawyering didn't quite fit.
75
232256
3330
advokatura baš i nije odgovarala.
03:55
It wasn't who I was.
76
235610
1629
To nije bilo ono što ja jesam.
03:57
So now I'm a philosopher,
77
237889
1614
Tako da sam sada filozof,
03:59
and I study hard choices,
78
239527
1938
i izučavam teške izbore,
04:01
and I can tell you, that fear of the unknown,
79
241489
3325
i mogu vam reći da je strah od nepoznatog,
04:04
while a common motivational default in dealing with hard choices,
80
244838
4426
mada je čest motivacioni standard
u izlaženju na kraj sa teškim izborima,
04:09
rests on a misconception of them.
81
249958
2053
zasnovan na njihovom pogrešnom shvatanju.
04:12
It's a mistake to think that in hard choices,
82
252505
2930
Greška je misliti da je kod teških izbora
04:15
one alternative really is better than the other,
83
255459
2994
jedna alternativa zaista bolja od druge,
04:18
but we're too stupid to know which,
84
258477
1959
ali smo mi isuviše glupi da bismo znali koja,
04:20
and since we don't know which,
85
260460
1443
i pošto ne znamo koja, mogli bismo bar
04:21
we might as well take the least risky option.
86
261927
2476
da odaberemo najmanje rizičnu opciju.
04:24
Even taking two alternatives side by side
87
264825
2358
Čak i ako stavimo dve alternative jednu pored druge
04:27
with full information, a choice can still be hard.
88
267207
3647
sa potpunim informacijama, izbor i dalje može biti težak.
Teški izbori su teški
04:32
Hard choices are hard not because of us or our ignorance;
89
272099
4056
ne zbog nas ili našeg neznanja;
04:36
they're hard because there is no best option.
90
276179
3242
oni su teški zato što nema najbolje opcije.
Sad, ako nema najbolje opcije,
04:41
Now, if there's no best option,
91
281231
1924
ako vaga ne naginje u korist jedne od alternativa
04:43
if the scales don't tip in favor of one alternative over another,
92
283179
4421
u odnosu na drugu,
onda sigurno alternative moraju biti podjednako dobre.
04:48
then surely the alternatives must be equally good.
93
288060
2686
04:51
So maybe the right thing to say in hard choices
94
291797
2271
Dakle možda je za teške izbore ispravno reći
04:54
is that they're between equally good options.
95
294092
2223
da su oni između jednako dobrih opcija.
04:56
But that can't be right.
96
296770
1161
To ne može biti ispravno.
04:57
If alternatives are equally good, you should just flip a coin between them,
97
297955
3554
Ako su alternative podjednako dobre,
trebalo bi da samo baciš novčić između njih,
05:01
and it seems a mistake to think,
98
301898
2411
a deluje pogrešno misliti,
evo kako treba odlučivati između karijera,
05:04
here's how you should decide between careers,
99
304333
2550
05:06
places to live, people to marry:
100
306907
1570
mesta za život, ljudi za ženidbu ili udaju: baci novčić.
05:08
Flip a coin.
101
308501
1179
Postoji još jedan razlog za mišljenje
05:11
There's another reason for thinking
102
311156
1711
05:12
that hard choices aren't choices between equally good options.
103
312891
4087
da teški izbori nisu izbori
između jednako dobrih opcija.
Uzmimo da imate izbor između dva posla:
05:18
Suppose you have a choice between two jobs:
104
318063
3132
05:21
you could be an investment banker
105
321744
2551
možete biti investicioni bankar
05:24
or a graphic artist.
106
324708
1853
ili grafički umetnik.
Postoji mnoštvo stvari koje su značajne u takvom izboru,
05:27
There are a variety of things that matter in such a choice,
107
327220
2792
kao što je uzbudljivost posla,
05:30
like the excitement of the work,
108
330036
2555
05:32
achieving financial security,
109
332615
1737
postizanje finansijke sigurnosti,
05:34
having time to raise a family, and so on.
110
334376
2350
imati vremena za podizanje porodice, i tako dalje.
05:36
Maybe the artist's career puts you on the cutting edge
111
336750
4435
Možda vas karijera umetnika dovodi
nadomak novih oblika
05:41
of new forms of pictorial expression.
112
341209
2276
slikarskog izražavanja.
Možda vas bankarska karijera
05:44
Maybe the banking career puts you on the cutting edge
113
344049
2796
postavlja nadomak
05:46
of new forms of financial manipulation.
114
346869
3012
novih oblika finansijske manipulacije.
05:50
(Laughter)
115
350012
1452
05:51
Imagine the two jobs however you like,
116
351620
2940
Zamislite dva posla kako god hoćete
05:54
so that neither is better than the other.
117
354584
1961
tako da nijedan nije bolji od drugog.
05:57
Now suppose we improve one of them, a bit.
118
357696
2953
Sada pretpostavimo da malo poboljšamo jedan od njih.
06:00
Suppose the bank, wooing you,
119
360673
1984
Pretpostavimo da banka, mameći vas,
doda 500 dolara mesečno na vašu platu.
06:03
adds 500 dollars a month to your salary.
120
363612
2432
06:06
Does the extra money
121
366432
1350
Da li dodatni novac sada čini bankarski posao
06:07
now make the banking job better than the artist one?
122
367806
4006
boljim od umetničkog?
06:12
Not necessarily.
123
372940
1617
Ne nužno.
Veća plata čini bankarski posao
06:15
A higher salary makes the banking job better than it was before,
124
375049
4107
boljim nego što je bio ranije,
ali to možda nije dovoljno da učini da
06:19
but it might not be enough
125
379180
1618
06:20
to make being a banker better than being an artist.
126
380822
3588
biti bankar bude bolje od toga da se bude umetnik.
06:25
But if an improvement in one of the jobs doesn't make it better than the other,
127
385299
4467
Ali ako poboljšanje jednog od poslova
njega ne čini boljim od drugog,
06:29
then the two original jobs could not have been equally good.
128
389790
3283
onda dva prvobitna posla
nisu mogla biti jednako dobra.
06:33
If you start with two things that are equally good,
129
393812
2397
Ako počnete sa dve stvari koje su jednako dobre,
i poboljšate jednu od njih,
06:36
and you improve one of them,
130
396233
1341
06:37
it now must be better than the other.
131
397598
2086
sada ona mora biti bolja od druge.
06:40
That's not the case with options in hard choices.
132
400653
2940
To nije slučaj sa opcijama u teškim izborima.
Dakle sada imamo zagonetku.
06:45
So now we've got a puzzle.
133
405393
1560
06:47
We've got two jobs.
134
407755
1608
Imamo dva posla.
06:49
Neither is better than the other, nor are they equally good.
135
409387
3488
Nijedan nije bolji od drugog,
niti su podjednako dobri.
06:53
So how are we supposed to choose?
136
413526
2034
Pa kako bi trebalo da odaberemo?
06:55
Something seems to have gone wrong here.
137
415955
2572
Nešto izgleda da je ovde krenulo naopako.
07:00
Maybe the choice itself is problematic, and comparison is impossible.
138
420303
4612
Možda je sam izbor problematičan
i poređenje je nemoguće.
Ali to ne može biti ispravno.
07:06
But that can't be right.
139
426184
1540
07:07
It's not like we're trying to choose between two things that can't be compared.
140
427748
3955
Nije da pokušavamo da odaberemo između
dve stvari koje se ne mogu uporediti.
Procenjujemo odlike dva posla, na kraju krajeva,
07:12
We're weighing the merits of two jobs, after all,
141
432234
2877
ne odlike broja devet
07:15
not the merits of the number nine and a plate of fried eggs.
142
435135
3133
i tanjira prženih jaja.
Poređenje celokupnih odlika dva posla
07:20
A comparison of the overall merits of two jobs
143
440052
3344
07:23
is something we can make,
144
443420
1887
je nešto što možemo napraviti,
07:25
and one we often do make.
145
445331
2137
i često ga i pravimo.
07:29
I think the puzzle arises
146
449407
2056
Mislim da zabuna nastaje
07:31
because of an unreflective assumption we make about value.
147
451487
3778
zbog nepromišljene pretpostavke
koju donosimo o vrednostima.
07:35
We unwittingly assume that values like justice, beauty, kindness,
148
455995
5438
Mi, ne znajući, pretpostavljamo da su vrline
kao što su pravičnost, lepota, dobrota,
srodne naučnim kvantitetima,
07:42
are akin to scientific quantities, like length, mass and weight.
149
462006
5087
kao što su dužina, masa i težina.
07:49
Take any comparative question not involving value,
150
469247
3091
Uzmite bilo koje poredbeno pitanje koje ne uključuje vrednost,
kao što je koji je od dva kofera teži.
07:52
such as which of two suitcases is heavier.
151
472362
2807
07:55
There are only three possibilities.
152
475907
2233
Postoje samo tri mogućnosti.
07:58
The weight of one is greater, lesser or equal to the weight of the other.
153
478648
5042
Težina jednog je veća, manja
ili jednaka težini drugog.
08:04
Properties like weight can be represented by real numbers --
154
484605
3174
Svojstva kao što je težina mogu biti predstavljena
realnim brojevima - jedan, dva, tri i tako dalje -
08:07
one, two, three and so on --
155
487803
1938
08:09
and there are only three possible comparisons
156
489765
2739
i postoje samo tri moguća poređenja
08:12
between any two real numbers.
157
492847
1846
između bilo koja dva realna broja.
08:15
One number is greater, lesser, or equal to the other.
158
495240
3525
Jedan broj je veći, manji
ili jednak drugome.
08:20
Not so with values.
159
500475
1722
Nije tako sa vrednostima.
Kao post-prosvetiteljska bića,
08:23
As post-Enlightenment creatures,
160
503440
1827
08:25
we tend to assume
161
505291
1950
skloni smo da pretpostavimo
08:27
that scientific thinking holds the key to everything of importance in our world,
162
507265
4904
da naučno mišljenje ima odgovor
na sve od značaja u našem svetu,
ali svet vrednosti
08:33
but the world of value is different from the world of science.
163
513050
3566
se razlikuje od sveta nauke.
08:36
The stuff of the one world can be quantified by real numbers.
164
516640
3588
Stvari jednog sveta
mogu biti izražene realnim brojevima.
Stvari drugog sveta ne mogu.
08:40
The stuff of the other world can't.
165
520252
2320
08:43
We shouldn't assume that the world of is, of lengths and weights,
166
523712
4272
Ne bi trebalo da pretpostavimo
da svet "jeste", dužina i težina,
ima istu strukturu kao svet "treba",
08:48
has the same structure as the world of ought,
167
528008
2907
08:50
of what we should do.
168
530939
1227
onoga što bi trebalo činiti.
08:52
So if what matters to us --
169
532904
2081
Dakle, ako ono što nam je važno -
radost deteta, ljubav koju osećate prema svom partneru -
08:55
a child's delight, the love you have for your partner —
170
535009
3514
08:58
can't be represented by real numbers,
171
538547
2804
ne može biti predstavljeno realnim brojevima,
onda nema razloga verovati
09:01
then there's no reason to believe
172
541375
1942
09:03
that in choice, there are only three possibilities --
173
543341
3816
da kod izbora postoje samo tri mogućnosti -
da je jedna alternativa bolja, gora ili ista
09:07
that one alternative is better, worse or equal to the other.
174
547181
3943
kao i druga.
09:12
We need to introduce a new, fourth relation
175
552464
4242
Moramo da uvedemo novu, četvrtu relaciju
09:16
beyond being better, worse or equal,
176
556730
3615
osim biti bolji, gori ili isti,
koja opisuje šta se događa u teškim izborima.
09:20
that describes what's going on in hard choices.
177
560369
3150
09:23
I like to say that the alternatives are "on a par."
178
563960
2809
Volim da kažem da su alternative
na istom nivou.
09:27
When alternatives are on a par,
179
567151
1900
Kada su alternative na istom nivou,
može veoma biti značajno koju ćete izabrati,
09:29
it may matter very much which you choose,
180
569075
3366
ali jedna alternativa nije bolja od druge.
09:32
but one alternative isn't better than the other.
181
572465
2915
09:35
Rather, the alternatives are in the same neighborhood of value,
182
575404
4378
Tačnije, alternative su
u istom susedstvu vrednosti,
09:39
in the same league of value,
183
579806
2047
u istom savezu vrednosti,
09:41
while at the same time being very different in kind of value.
184
581877
4157
dok su istovremeno veoma različite
po vrsti vrednosti.
Zato je izbor težak.
09:46
That's why the choice is hard.
185
586444
2159
09:49
Understanding hard choices in this way
186
589754
2409
Razumevanje teških izbora na ovaj način
razotkriva nešto o nama što nismo znali.
09:52
uncovers something about ourselves we didn't know.
187
592187
3273
Svako od nas ima moć
09:56
Each of us has the power to create reasons.
188
596266
3319
da stvori razloge.
Zamislite svet u kome je svaki izbor sa kojim se suočavate
10:02
Imagine a world in which every choice you face
189
602172
3314
lak izbor,
10:05
is an easy choice,
190
605510
1373
10:06
that is, there's always a best alternative.
191
606907
2276
odnosno, uvek postoji najbolja alternativa.
10:09
If there's a best alternative, then that's the one you should choose,
192
609207
3383
Ako postoji najbolja alternativa,
onda je ona ta koju treba odabrati,
10:12
because part of being rational
193
612614
1762
jer je sastavni deo racionalnosti
10:14
is doing the better thing rather than the worse thing,
194
614400
2715
činiti bolju stvar radije nego goru,
izabrati ono za šta imaš više razloga da odabereš.
10:17
choosing what you have most reason to choose.
195
617139
2420
10:20
In such a world,
196
620567
1706
U takvom svetu,
10:22
we'd have most reason
197
622297
2401
imali bismo najviše razloga
10:24
to wear black socks instead of pink socks,
198
624722
2447
da nosimo crne čarape umesto rozih čarapa,
da jedemo žitarice umesto krofni,
10:27
to eat cereal instead of donuts,
199
627193
1936
da živimo u gradu radije nego na selu,
10:29
to live in the city rather than the country,
200
629153
2054
da oženimo Beti umesto Lolite.
10:31
to marry Betty instead of Lolita.
201
631231
1871
Svet pun isključivo lakih izbora
10:33
A world full of only easy choices would enslave us to reasons.
202
633126
5527
bi nas potčinio razumu.
10:39
When you think about it,
203
639963
1303
Kada razmislite o tome,
10:41
(Laughter)
204
641290
1190
10:42
it's nuts to believe that the reasons given to you
205
642504
5003
suludo je verovati
da su razlozi koji su vam dati
propisivali da imate najviše razloga da se bavite
10:48
dictated that you had most reason to pursue
206
648235
4747
tačno tim hobijima kojima se bavite,
10:53
the exact hobbies you do,
207
653006
1898
10:55
to live in the exact house you do,
208
655952
2197
da živite tačno u toj kući u kojoj živite,
da radite tačno taj posao na kome radite.
10:58
to work at the exact job you do.
209
658173
1901
11:01
Instead, you faced alternatives that were on a par --
210
661471
3901
Umesto toga, suočili ste se sa alternativama
koje su bile na istom nivou, teški izbori,
11:05
hard choices --
211
665959
1166
11:07
and you made reasons for yourself
212
667149
3013
i sačinili ste razloge za sebe
da odaberete taj hobi, tu kuću i taj posao.
11:10
to choose that hobby, that house and that job.
213
670186
3580
Kada su alternative na istom nivou,
11:15
When alternatives are on a par,
214
675004
2233
11:17
the reasons given to us,
215
677261
1528
razlozi koji su nam dati,
11:18
the ones that determine whether we're making a mistake,
216
678813
2956
oni koji određuju da li pravimo grešku,
11:21
are silent as to what to do.
217
681793
2291
nemi su po pitanju toga šta treba činiti.
11:24
It's here, in the space of hard choices,
218
684989
3689
Ovde, u prostoru teških izbora,
11:28
that we get to exercise our normative power --
219
688702
3642
omogućeno nam je da vežbamo
našu normativnu moć,
11:33
the power to create reasons for yourself,
220
693280
2512
moć da stvaramo razloge sami za sebe,
11:35
to make yourself into the kind of person
221
695816
4386
da učinimo sebe
onakvom osobom
11:40
for whom country living is preferable to the urban life.
222
700226
3904
za koju je život na selu
poželjniji od urbanog života.
Kada biramo između
11:45
When we choose between options that are on a par,
223
705337
3382
opcija koje su na istom nivou,
11:48
we can do something really rather remarkable.
224
708743
3111
možemo da uradimo nešto zaista veoma izvanredno.
11:52
We can put our very selves behind an option.
225
712495
2855
Možemo da postavimo same sebe iza opcije.
Evo gde ja stojim.
11:56
Here's where I stand.
226
716325
1784
11:58
Here's who I am, I am for banking.
227
718910
3198
Evo ko sam ja. Ja sam za bankarstvo.
12:02
I am for chocolate donuts.
228
722132
2135
Ja sam za čokoladne krofne.
12:04
(Laughter)
229
724291
1568
Ovaj odgovor u teškim izborima
12:06
This response in hard choices is a rational response,
230
726370
4327
je racionalni odgovor,
12:10
but it's not dictated by reasons given to us.
231
730721
2676
ali nije propisan razlozima koji su nam dati.
12:13
Rather, it's supported by reasons created by us.
232
733421
4433
Umesto toga, podržan je razlozima koje smo stvorili.
12:19
When we create reasons for ourselves
233
739765
2567
Kada kreiramo razloge za sebe
12:22
to become this kind of person rather than that,
234
742356
3266
da postanemo ovakva osoba umesto onakva,
12:25
we wholeheartedly become the people that we are.
235
745646
3180
mi svesrdno postajemo ljudi kakvi jesmo.
12:29
You might say that we become the authors of our own lives.
236
749620
3428
Moglo bi se reći da postajemo autori
naših sopstvenih života.
Dakle kada se suočavamo sa teškim izborima,
12:35
So when we face hard choices, we shouldn't beat our head against a wall
237
755047
4597
ne treba da udaramo glavom o zid
12:39
trying to figure out which alternative is better.
238
759668
2353
pokušavajući da shvatimo koja alternativa je bolja.
Nema najbolje alternative.
12:42
There is no best alternative.
239
762045
1965
12:44
Instead of looking for reasons out there,
240
764502
2536
Umesto traganja za razlozima negde tamo,
treba da potražimo razloge ovde:
12:47
we should be looking for reasons in here:
241
767062
2277
12:49
Who am I to be?
242
769823
1519
Ko ja treba da budem?
12:52
You might decide to be a pink sock-wearing,
243
772278
3442
Možda ćete odlučiti da budete neko ko nosi roze čarape,
12:55
cereal-loving, country-living banker,
244
775744
3889
voli cerealije, bankar koji živi na selu,
a ja mogu odlučiti da budem neko ko nosi crne čarape,
12:59
and I might decide to be a black sock-wearing,
245
779657
3192
13:02
urban, donut-loving artist.
246
782873
2044
urbani umetnik ljubitelj krofni.
13:06
What we do in hard choices is very much up to each of us.
247
786132
4346
Ono što činimo u teškim izborima je u velikoj meri
na nama samima.
13:12
Now, people who don't exercise their normative powers in hard choices
248
792887
4825
Sad, ljudi koji ne upražnjavaju svoju normativnu moć u teškim izborima
13:17
are drifters.
249
797736
1326
su lutalice.
13:19
We all know people like that.
250
799513
1588
Svi mi znamo takve ljude.
13:21
I drifted into being a lawyer.
251
801125
2296
Ja sam zalutala u advokaturu.
13:23
I didn't put my agency behind lawyering.
252
803445
2134
Nisam postavila svoju podršku iza advokature.
13:25
I wasn't for lawyering.
253
805603
1598
Nisam bila za advokaturu.
13:28
Drifters allow the world to write the story of their lives.
254
808542
4873
Lutalice dopuštaju svetu
da napiše priču njihovih života.
13:33
They let mechanisms of reward and punishment --
255
813439
3828
Oni dopuštaju mehanizmima nagrade i kazne -
13:37
pats on the head, fear, the easiness of an option --
256
817291
3915
tapšanjima po glavi, strahu, lakoći opcije -
da odredi šta oni čine.
13:41
to determine what they do.
257
821230
1690
13:43
So the lesson of hard choices:
258
823936
1828
Dakle, lekcija o teškim izborima
13:46
reflect on what you can put your agency behind,
259
826373
4464
odnosi se na to iza čega možete staviti svoju podršku,
13:50
on what you can be for,
260
830861
2645
ili za šta možete biti,
i kroz teške izbore,
13:53
and through hard choices,
261
833530
2215
13:55
become that person.
262
835769
1273
postati takva osoba.
Daleko od toga da su izvor agonije i strepnje,
13:59
Far from being sources of agony and dread,
263
839199
2833
teški izbori su dragocene prilike
14:02
hard choices are precious opportunities
264
842056
3352
14:05
for us to celebrate what is special about the human condition,
265
845432
3914
za nas da slavimo ono što je osobeno
u vezi sa ljudskom situacijom,
14:09
that the reasons that govern our choices as correct or incorrect
266
849370
4603
da razloga koji upravljaju našim izborima
kao ispravnim ili neispravnim
14:13
sometimes run out,
267
853997
1666
ponekad ponestane,
14:15
and it is here, in the space of hard choices,
268
855687
3075
i tu, u prostoru teških izbora,
14:18
that we have the power to create reasons for ourselves
269
858786
4117
imamo moć
da stvorimo razloge za sebe
14:22
to become the distinctive people that we are.
270
862927
2855
da postanemo karakteristični ljudi kakvi jesmo.
14:26
And that's why hard choices are not a curse
271
866496
2726
A zbog toga teški izbori nisu kletva
već božiji dar.
14:29
but a godsend.
272
869246
1173
14:30
Thank you.
273
870967
1171
Hvala vam.
(Aplauz)
14:32
(Applause)
274
872162
3448
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7