AnnMarie Thomas: Hands-on science with squishy circuits

Prevodilac: Dejan Gavrilovic Lektor: Ivana Korom

I'm a huge believer in hands-on education.

Veliki sam ljubitelj edukacije "iz prve ruke".

But you have to have the right tools.

Ali za to moramo imati određene alate.

If I'm going to teach my daughter about electronics,

Ako želim da učim svoju ćerku o elektronici,

I'm not going to give her a soldering iron.

neću joj dati lemilicu.

And similarly, she finds prototyping boards

Ili nešto slično tome, pošto su štampane ploče

really frustrating for her little hands.

veoma nezgodne za njene male ruke.

So my wonderful student Sam and I

Tako da smo moj divni student Sem i ja

decided to look at the most tangible thing we could think of:

odlučili da pronađemo najopipljivije stvari kojih smo se setili,

Play-Doh.

testo za igru (plastelin kućne izrade).

And so we spent a summer

I tako smo proveli leto

looking at different Play-Doh recipes.

tražeći različite recepte za plastelin.

And these recipes probably look really familiar

Ovi recepti verovatno izgledaju veoma poznato

to any of you who have made homemade play-dough --

za bilo koga od vas ko je pravio plastelin kućne izrade --

pretty standard ingredients you probably have in your kitchen.

standardnih sastojaka koje verovatno imate u vašoj kuhinji.

We have two favorite recipes --

Imamo dva omiljena recepta --

one that has these ingredients

jedan koji ima sledeće sastojke

and a second that had sugar instead of salt.

i drugi koji ima šećer umesto soli.

And they're great. We can make great little sculptures with these.

I oni su super. Možemo praviti sjajne male figurice sa njima.

But the really cool thing about them is when we put them together.

Ali ono što je super kod njih događa se kad ih spojimo zajedno.

You see that really salty Play-Doh?

Vidite, plastelin sa puno soli,

Well, it conducts electricity.

on provodi struju.

And this is nothing new.

I to nije ništa novo.

It turns out that regular Play-Doh that you buy at the store conducts electricity,

Ispostavlja se da plastelin koji kupujete u prodavnici provodi struju,

and high school physics teachers have used that for years.

i srednjoškolski nastavnici fizike to koriste godinama.

But our homemade play-dough

Ali naš plastelin kućne izrade

actually has half the resistance of commercial Play-Doh.

ustvari ima upola manje otpornosti od komercijalnog plastelina.

And that sugar dough?

A plastelin pravljen sa šećerom?

Well it's 150 times more resistant to electric current

Pa on je 150 puta otporniji na električnu struju

than that salt dough.

od plastelina pravljenog od soli.

So what does that mean?

I šta to znači?

Well it means if you them together you suddenly have circuits --

To znači da ako ih spojite zajedno dobijate kolo --

circuits that the most creative, tiny, little hands

kola koja najkreativnije male ruke

can build on their own.

mogu same da stvore.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

And so I want to do a little demo for you.

Htela bi da vam prikažem mali demo.

So if I take this salt dough,

Ako uzmem ovaj plastelin pravljen od soli --

again, it's like the play-dough you probably made as kids,

opet govorim, ovo je verovatno plastelin koji ste pravili kao deca --

and I plug it in --

I kad ga priključim

it's a two-lead battery pack, simple battery pack,

u jednostavno pakovanje baterija koje --

you can buy them at Radio Shack

možete ih kupiti u prodavnici uređaja

and pretty much anywhere else --

ili čak bilo gde

we can actually then

onda ustvari

light things up.

dobijamo svetlost.

But if any of you have studied electrical engineering,

Ako je neko od vas studirao elektroniku, zna

we can also create a short circuit.

da takođe možemo napraviti kratak spoj.

If I push these together, the light turns off.

Ako ih spojim, svetlo će se ugasiti.

Right, the current wants to run through the play-dough, not through that LED.

U redu, struja želi da prođe kroz plastelin, a ne kroz LED diodu.

If I separate them again, I have some light.

Ako ih odvojim, opet će raditi.

Well now if I take that sugar dough,

I sad ako uzmem plastelin pravljen od šećera,

the sugar dough doesn't want to conduct electricity.

a šećer ne provodi struju.

It's like a wall to the electricity.

Ponaša se kao zid za struju.

If I place that between, now all the dough is touching,

Ako ga stavim između, tako da se svi plastelini dodiruju,

but if I stick that light back in,

i ako opet priključim bateriju,

I have light.

imam svetlo.

In fact, I could even add some movement to my sculptures.

Ustvari, mogla bih da dodam pokret mojim skulpturama.

If I want a spinning tail, let's grab a motor,

Ako želim da dodam motor, mogu da ga dodam,

put some play-dough on it, stick it on

staviću malo plastelina na njega, priključiću ga

and we have spinning.

i motor se pokreće.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

And once you have the basics,

Kada naučite osnove,

we can make a slightly more complicated circuit.

možete praviti malo komplikovanija kola.

We call this our sushi circuit. It's very popular with kids.

Ovo zovemo suši kolo. Veoma je popularno kod dece.

I plug in again the power to it.

Opet ću da ga uključim.

And now I can start talking about parallel and series circuits.

Sada već mogu pričati o paralernim i serijskim krugovima.

I can start plugging in lots of lights.

Mogu priključivati mnogo više dioda.

And we can start talking about things like electrical load.

Možemo pričati čak i o električnom opterećenju.

What happens if I put in lots of lights

Šta se dešava kad postavim puno LED dioda

and then add a motor?

i onda dodam motor?

It'll dim.

Radiće.

We can even add microprocessors

Možemo dodati čak i mikroprocesore

and have this as an input

i imati ovo kao izvor

and create squishy sound music that we've done.

i kreirati mnogo kompleksnija kola.

You could do parallel and series circuits

Možete praviti paralelna i serijska kola

for kids using this.

za decu.

So this is all in your home kitchen.

Dakle, ovo je sve u vašoj kuhinji.

We've actually tried to turn it into an electrical engineering lab.

Koju smo pokušali da pretvorimo u električnu laboratoriju.

We have a website, it's all there. These are the home recipes.

Imamo i web sajt, sve je tamo. Ovo su kućni recepti.

We've got some videos. You can make them yourselves.

Imamo i video klipove. Možete ih sami praviti.

And it's been really fun since we put them up to see where these have gone.

Bilo je zabavno od kad smo ih postavili da vidimo dokle smo dogurali.

We've had a mom in Utah who used them with her kids,

Jedna majka u Juti koristi ih sa svojom decom

to a science researcher in the U.K.,

pa čak i naučnik u Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu

and curriculum developers in Hawaii.

i programer na Havajima.

So I would encourage you all to grab some Play-Doh,

Tako da vas ohrarujem da uzmete plastelin,

grab some salt, grab some sugar and start playing.

malo soli, brašna i šećera i počnete da se igrate.

We don't usually think of our kitchen as an electrical engineering lab

Ne razmišljamo o kuhinji kao o laboratoriji električnog inžinjeringa

or little kids as circuit designers,

ili o maloj deci kao dizajnerima kola,

but maybe we should.

ali bi možda trebalo.

Have fun. Thank you.

Uživajte. Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)