Aaron Huey: America's native prisoners of war

223,627 views ・ 2010-11-10

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Translator: Nika Kotnik Reviewer: Metka Hercog
Danes sem tu, da vam pokažem fotografije plemena Lakota.
00:16
I'm here today to show my photographs of the Lakota.
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00:19
Many of you may have heard of the Lakota,
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Morda ste že slišali za Lakoto,
00:21
or at least the larger group of tribes,
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ali vsaj za večjo skupino plemen,
00:23
called the Sioux.
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imenovano Sioux.
00:25
The Lakota are one of many tribes that were moved off their land
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Lakota so eno izmed mnogih plemen, pregnanih z njihove zemlje
kot zaporniki v vojna taborišča,
00:29
to prisoner-of-war camps,
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00:30
now called reservations.
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zdaj imenovana rezervati.
00:32
The Pine Ridge Reservation,
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Rezervat Pine Ridge,
00:34
the subject of today's slide show,
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tema današnje predstavitve,
stoji približno 120 kilometrov jugovzhodno
00:37
is located about 75 miles southeast of the Black Hills in South Dakota.
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od Črnih hribov v Južni Dakoti.
Včasih mu pravijo tudi
00:41
It is sometimes referred to as Prisoner of War Camp Number 334,
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Taborišče vojnih ujetnikov številka 334,
in tu sedaj živijo Lakota.
00:46
and it is where the Lakota now live.
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00:48
Now, if any of you have ever heard of AIM,
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Če je kdo od vas že slišal za AIM
00:50
the American Indian Movement,
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gibanje ameriških Indijancev,
00:52
or of Russell Means,
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ali za Russell Meansa,
00:54
or Leonard Peltier,
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ali za Leonard Peltier-ja,
00:56
or of the standoff at Oglala,
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ali za obračun pri Oglali,
00:58
then you know Pine Ridge is ground zero for Native issues in the US.
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potem veste, da je Pine Ridge točka nič
za probleme staroslecev ZDA.
01:04
So I've been asked to talk a little bit today
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Prosili so me, naj danes nekaj povem
01:06
about my relationship with the Lakota,
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o mojem odnosu z Lakoto,
01:08
and that's a very difficult one for me,
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in to je zame zelo težko.
01:10
because, if you haven't noticed from my skin color,
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Ker, če niste opazili barve moje kože,
bel sem,
01:13
I'm white,
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01:14
and that is a huge barrier on a Native reservation.
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in to je velika ovira v rezervatih.
01:19
You'll see a lot of people in my photographs today.
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Videli boste veliko ljudi na fotografijah,
01:21
I've become very close with them, and they've welcomed me like family.
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z njimi smo se zelo zbližali, sprejeli so me kot del družine.
Kličejo me "brat" in "stric"
01:25
They've called me "brother" and "uncle,"
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in v petih letih so me povabili znova in znova.
01:27
and invited me again and again over five years.
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Ampak na Pine Ridge-u,
01:29
But on Pine Ridge,
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01:30
I will always be what is called "wasichu."
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bom vedno to, čemur pravijo "wasichu,"
01:33
"Wasichu" is a Lakota word
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in "wasichu" je beseda Lakote
01:36
that means "non-Indian,"
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ki pomeni "ne-Indijanec,"
01:38
but another version of this word
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ampak druga verzija te besede
pomeni "tisti, ki zase vzame najboljše meso."
01:41
means "the one who takes the best meat for himself."
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01:44
And that's what I want to focus on --
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In na to bi se rad osredotočil--
01:46
the one who takes the best part of the meat.
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tisti, ki vzame najboljši del mesa.
Pomeni pohlepen.
01:49
It means "greedy."
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01:51
So take a look around this auditorium today.
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Poglejte po avditoriju.
Smo na privatni šoli ameriškega zahoda,
01:54
We are at a private school in the American West,
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sedimo na žametnih rdečih stolih,
01:57
sitting in red velvet chairs
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01:59
with money in our pockets.
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z denarjem v žepu.
02:01
And if we look at our lives,
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In če pogledamo naša življenja,
02:03
we have indeed taken the best part of the meat.
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smo zares vzeli
najboljši del mesa.
02:07
So let's look today at a set of photographs
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Poglejmo si zbirko fotografij
02:10
of a people who lost
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ljudi, ki so izgubili,
02:12
so that we could gain,
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da smo mi lahko pridobili,
02:14
and know that when you see these people's faces,
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in vedite, da ko vidite obraze teh ljudi,
02:17
that these are not just images of the Lakota;
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da to niso samo slike Lakote;
02:20
they stand for all indigenous people.
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predstavljajo vse staroselce.
02:25
On this piece of paper
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Na tem papirju
02:27
is the history the way I learned it from my Lakota friends and family.
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je zgodovina, kot sem se je naučil
od mojih Lakota prijateljev in družine.
02:32
The following is a time line of treaties made, treaties broken
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To je časovnica
sklenjenih sporazumov, prekršenih sporazumov
02:37
and massacres disguised as battles.
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in masakrov, zamaskiranih v boje.
02:39
I'll begin in 1824.
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Začel bom v letu 1824.
Kar je znano kot Urad za indijanske zadeve,
02:42
What is known as the Bureau of Indian Affairs
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je bilo ustanovljeno znotraj Vojnega oddelka,
02:44
was created within the War Department,
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in s tem zastavilo zgodnji agresivni ton
02:46
setting an early tone of aggression
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02:47
in our dealings with the Native Americans.
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naših ravnanj z ameriškimi staroselci.
02:49
1851:
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1851:
02:51
The first treaty of Fort Laramie was made,
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Sklenjen je prvi sporazum pri Fort Laramie,
02:53
clearly marking the boundaries of the Lakota Nation.
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ki jasno označuje meje naroda Lakota.
Glede na sporazum,
02:57
According to the treaty, those lands are a sovereign nation.
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je bila to samostojna država.
03:00
If the boundaries of this treaty had held --
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Če bi se držali mej v tem sporazumu--
03:02
and there is a legal basis that they should --
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in obstaja pravna podlaga, zaradi katere bi se morali--
03:05
then this is what the US would look like today.
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bi ZDA danes izgledala takole.
10 let kasneje
03:11
Ten years later.
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03:12
The Homestead Act, signed by President Lincoln,
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je Zakon o dodelitvi zemlje, ki ga podpisal predsednik Lincoln,
03:15
unleashed a flood of white settlers into Native lands.
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sprostil poplavo belih priseljencev v dežele staroselcev.
03:18
1863:
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1863:
03:20
An uprising of Santee Sioux in Minnesota
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Vstaja Santee Siouxov v Minnesoti
03:22
ends with the hanging of 38 Sioux men,
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se konča z obešenjem 38 moških plemena Sioux,
03:25
the largest mass execution in US history.
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največja množična usmrtitev v zgodovini ZDA.
03:29
The execution was ordered by President Lincoln,
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Usmrtitev je naročil predsednik Lincoln
03:31
only two days after he signed the Emancipation Proclamation.
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samo dva dni po tem,
ko je podpisal Proklamacijo o emancipaciji.
03:37
1866: The beginning of the Transcontinental Railroad --
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1866: začetek gradnje transkontinentalne železnice --
novo obdobje.
03:41
a new era.
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Zemljo smo prilagodili potem in tirom,
03:43
We appropriated land for trails and trains
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po bližnjici skozi srce ozemlja Lakote.
03:45
to shortcut through the heart of the Lakota Nation.
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03:47
The treaties were out the window.
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Za sporazume nam ni bilo več mar.
03:49
In response, three tribes led by the Lakota chief Red Cloud
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Zato so tri plemena, ki jih je vodil poglavar Rdeči oblak,
03:52
attacked and defeated the US army,
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napadla in mnogokrat premagala vojsko ZDA.
03:54
many times over.
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03:55
I want to repeat that part:
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Naj ponovim.
03:57
The Lakota defeat the US army.
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Lakota so premagali vojsko ZDA.
1868: drugi sporazum pri Fort Laramie
04:01
1868: The second Fort Laramie Treaty clearly guarantees
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jasno zagotavlja samostojnost velikega Sioux naroda
04:04
the sovereignty of the Great Sioux Nation
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04:06
and the Lakotas' ownership of the sacred Black Hills.
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in lastništvo Lakote nad svetimi Črnimi hribi.
Vlada obljublja zemljo in pravico do lova
04:10
The government also promises land and hunting rights
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v sosednjih državah
04:12
in the surrounding states.
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04:13
We promise that the Powder River country
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Obljubimo, da bo dežela Powder River
od sedaj naprej zaprta za vse belce.
04:16
will henceforth be closed to all whites.
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04:18
The treaty seemed to be a complete victory
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Sporazum se je zdel kot popolna zmaga
04:20
for Red Cloud and the Sioux.
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za Rdeči oblak in pleme Sioux.
04:22
In fact, this is the only war in American history
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Pravzaprav, je to edina vojna v ameriški zgodovini,
kjer je vlada izpogajala mir
04:26
in which the government negotiated a peace
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04:28
by conceding everything demanded by the enemy.
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s priznanjem vseh sovražnikovih zahtev.
1869:
04:34
1869: The Transcontinental Railroad was completed.
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Dokončali so transkontinentalno železnico.
04:37
It began carrying, among other things, large numbers of hunters,
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Prinesla je, med drugim, veliko število lovcev,
ki so pričeli s pobijanjem bizonov za veleprodajo,
04:41
who began the wholesale killing of buffalo,
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04:43
eliminating a source of food, clothing and shelter for the Sioux.
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in s tem uničili vir hrane, obleke in zavetja za Siouxe.
1871:
04:47
1871:
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04:48
The Indian Appropriation Act
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Zakon o Indijanski prilastitvi
04:50
makes all Indians wards of the federal government.
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naredi vse Indijance varovance vlade.
04:53
In addition, the military issued orders
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Dodatno je vojska izdala ukaze
04:55
forbidding western Indians from leaving reservations.
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prepovedi zapuščanja rezervatov za zahodne Indijance.
04:59
All western Indians at that point in time were now prisoners of war.
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Vsi zahodni indijanci v tem času
so bili zdaj vojni ujetniki.
Prav tako leta 1871:
05:04
Also in 1871,
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05:05
we ended the time of treaty-making.
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končal se je čas sklepanja sporazumov.
05:07
The problem with treaties is they allow tribes to exist as sovereign nations,
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Problem sporazumov je, da dovoljujejo plemenom obstoj kot samostojni narod,
tega pa ne moremo imeti.
05:11
and we can't have that.
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05:12
We had plans.
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Imeli smo načrte.
05:14
1874:
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1874:
05:16
General George Custer announced the discovery of gold in Lakota territory,
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General George Custer je oznanil odkritje zlata na območju Lakote,
05:19
specifically the Black Hills.
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bolj natančno v Črnih hribih.
05:21
The news of gold creates a massive influx of white settlers
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Te novice so prinesle priliv belih priseljencev
na ozemlje Lakote.
05:24
into Lakota Nation.
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05:25
Custer recommends that Congress find a way
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Custer je predlagal kongresu, naj najde način,
da končajo sporazum z Lakoto,
05:28
to end the treaties with the Lakota as soon as possible.
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kakor hitro je mogoče.
05:31
1875: The Lakota war begins
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1875: Vojna z Lakoto se začne
05:34
over the violation of the Fort Laramie Treaty.
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zaradi kršitve sporazuma pri Fort Laramie.
05:37
1876:
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1876:
05:39
On July 26th,
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26. julija,
05:41
on its way to attack a Lakota village,
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na poti na napad na Lakotsko vas,
05:43
Custer's 7th Cavalry was crushed
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je bila Custerjeva 7. konjenica premagana
05:45
at the battle of Little Big Horn.
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pri bitki pri Malem Velikem rogu.
1877:
05:48
1877:
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05:49
The great Lakota warrior and chief named Crazy Horse
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Veliki Lakotski bojevnik in poglavar imenovan Nori konj
05:52
surrendered at Fort Robinson.
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se je predal pri Utrdbi Robinson.
Kasneje je bil ubit v priporu.
05:55
He was later killed while in custody.
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Leta 1877 smo prav tako našli način
06:01
1877 is also the year we found a way to get around the Fort Laramie Treaties.
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da zaobidemo sporazume Fort Laramie.
06:05
A new agreement was presented to Sioux chiefs and their leading men,
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Nov sporazum so predstavili poglavarjem Sioux in njihovim vodjem
pod kampanjo, znano kot "prodaj ali stradaj".
06:09
under a campaign known as "Sell or Starve" --
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06:11
sign the paper, or no food for your tribe.
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Podpišite papirje, ali pa ne bo hrane za vaše pleme.
06:14
Only 10 percent of the adult male population signed.
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Samo 10 odstotkov moške populacije je podpisalo.
06:17
The Fort Laramie Treaty called for at least three-quarters of the tribe
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Sporazum Fort Laramie
je zahteval vsaj tri četrine plemena
06:21
to sign away land.
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za odpis zemlje.
06:23
That clause was obviously ignored.
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Ta člen smo očitno ignorirali.
06:25
1887: The Dawes Act.
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1887: Zakon Dawes.
Skupno lastništvo rezervatov se konča.
06:29
Communal ownership of reservation lands ends.
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06:31
Reservations are cut up into 160-acre sections,
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Rezervati so razkosani v 65 hektarjev velike kose
06:34
and distributed to individual Indians
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in razdeljeni posameznim indijancem
06:36
with the surplus disposed of.
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z odpisanim presežkom.
06:38
Tribes lost millions of acres.
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Plemena so izgubila milijone hektarov.
06:41
The American dream of individual land ownership
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Ameriške sanje o individualnem latništvu zemlje
06:43
turned out to be a very clever way
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so se izkazale za premeten način
06:45
to divide the reservation until nothing was left.
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razdelitve rezervatov, dokler ni ostalo nič.
Ta poteza je uničila rezervate,
06:49
The move destroyed the reservations,
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omogočila je nadaljno razdelitev in prodajo
06:51
making it easier to further subdivide and to sell
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z vsako naslednjo generacijo.
06:54
with every passing generation.
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06:56
Most of the surplus land
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Večina ostale zemlje
06:58
and many of the plots within reservation boundaries
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in veliko parcel znotraj meja rezervata
07:00
are now in the hands of white ranchers.
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so sedaj v rokah belih lastnikov rančov.
07:03
Once again, the fat of the land goes to wasichu.
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Ponovno gre najboljši del zemlje wasichuju.
07:07
1890: A date I believe to be the most important in this slide show.
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1890, datum, za katerega verjamem,
da je najpomembnejši v tej predstavitvi.
07:12
This is the year of the Wounded Knee Massacre.
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To je leto pokola pri Ranjenem kolenu.
29. decembra
07:15
On December 29,
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07:16
US troops surrounded a Sioux encampment at Wounded Knee Creek,
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so vojaki ZDA obkolili tabor Sioux pri zalivu Ranjeno koleno.
in poklali poglavarja Big Foot-a
07:20
and massacred Chief Big Foot and 300 prisoners of war,
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in 300 vojnih ujetnikov
z uporabo novega, hitro-strelnega orožja,
07:24
using a new rapid-fire weapon that fired exploding shells,
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ki je streljalo granate,
07:27
called a Hotchkiss gun.
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imenovanega top Hotchkiss.
07:29
For this so-called "battle,"
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Za to, tako imenovano "bitko",
07:31
20 Congressional Medals of Honor for Valor
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je bilo 20 kongresnih častnih Medalj za hrabrost
07:34
were given to the 7th Cavalry.
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dodeljenih 7. konjenici.
07:37
To this day,
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Do današnjega dne
je to največje število Častnih medalj,
07:40
this is the most Medals of Honor ever awarded for a single battle.
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ki so bile kdajkoli podeljene za eno samo bitko.
07:45
More Medals of Honor were given
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Več Častnih medalj je bilo podeljenih
07:46
for the indiscriminate slaughter of women and children
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za pokol žensk in otrok,
07:49
than for any battle in World War One,
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kot za katerokoli bitko v prvi svetovni vojni,
drugi svetovni vojni,
07:52
World War Two,
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07:53
Korea, Vietnam,
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Koreji, Vietnamu,
Iraku ali Afganistanu.
07:56
Iraq or Afghanistan.
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Pokol pri Ranjenem kolenu
08:00
The Wounded Knee Massacre is considered the end of the Indian wars.
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predstavlja konec vojn z Indijanci.
Kadarkoli obiščem mesto
08:05
Whenever I visit the site of the mass grave at Wounded Knee,
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množičnega groba pri Ranjenem kolenu,
08:08
I see it not just as a grave for the Lakota or for the Sioux,
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ga vidim ne samo kot grob
za Lakoto ali za Siouxe,
ampak kot grob za vse staroselce.
08:13
but as a grave for all indigenous peoples.
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08:18
The holy man Black Elk, said,
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Sveti mož, Črni los, je rekel,
"Takrat nisem vedel,
08:21
"I did not know then how much was ended.
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kaj vse se je končalo.
08:24
When I look back now from this high hill of my old age,
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Ko sedaj gledam nazaj,
na svoja stara leta,
08:28
I can still see the butchered women and children
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lahko še vedno vidim poklane ženske in otroke,
kako ležijo na kupih in razsejani,
08:31
lying heaped and scattered all along the crooked gulch,
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po vsej krivi soteski,
tako živo, kot sem jih videl
08:39
as plain as when I saw them
180
519011
1935
08:40
with eyes still young.
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z mladimi očmi.
08:46
And I can see that something else died there in the bloody mud
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3315
In vidim, da je takrat v krvavem blatu umrlo še nekaj drugega
in je bilo pokopano v viharju:
08:51
and was buried in the blizzard.
183
531235
1696
08:54
A people's dream died there.
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534643
1957
Sanje ljudi so umrle tam,
08:57
And it was a beautiful dream."
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1809
in te sanje so bile prelepe."
S tem dogodkom
09:02
With this event,
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1456
09:03
a new era in Native American history began.
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3000
se je začelo novo obdobje ameriških staroselcev.
09:07
Everything can be measured before Wounded Knee and after,
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Vse se lahko meri
pred Ranjenim kolenom in po njem.
09:12
because it was in this moment,
189
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1767
Ker je v tistem trenutku,
09:14
with the fingers on the triggers of the Hotchkiss guns,
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3287
s prsti na sprožilcih Hotchkiss topov,
09:17
that the US government openly declared its position on Native rights.
191
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vlada ZDA odkrito razglasila svoje stališče do pravic staroselcev.
Naveličani so bili sporazumov.
09:22
They were tired of treaties.
192
562119
1517
Naveličani so bili svetih hribov.
09:24
They were tired of sacred hills.
193
564055
1968
Naveličani so bili plesa duhov.
09:26
They were tired of ghost dances.
194
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1833
09:28
And they were tired of all the inconveniences of the Sioux.
195
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3015
In naveličani so bili vseh nevšečnosti s Siouxi.
Zato so ven privlekli topove.
09:32
So they brought out their cannons.
196
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1635
09:35
"You want to be an Indian now?" they said,
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2327
"Bi zdaj rad bil Indijanec?" so rekli,
09:38
finger on the trigger.
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s prstom na sprožilcu.
09:45
1900:
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585816
1166
1900:
09:47
the US Indian population reached its low point --
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Populacija Ameriških Indijancev je dosegla najnižjo točko--
09:51
less than 250,000,
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2532
manj kot 250 000,
09:53
compared to an estimated eight million in 1492.
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3802
v primerjavi z osmimi milijoni
leta 1492.
09:59
Fast-forward.
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Previjmo naprej.
10:01
1980:
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1980:
10:03
The longest-running court case in US history,
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2699
O najdaljšem sodnem primeru v zgodovini ZDA,
narod Sioux proti ZDA,
10:06
the Sioux Nation versus the United States,
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2581
10:08
was ruled upon by the US Supreme Court.
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je razsodilo Vrhovno sodišče ZDA.
10:12
The court determined that when the Sioux were resettled onto reservations
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3523
Sodišče je odločilo, da ko so Siouxe premestili v rezervate,
in je bilo sedem milijonov arov njihove zemlje
10:16
and seven million acres of their land were opened up
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3087
dostopne rudosledcem in naseljevalcem,
10:19
to prospectors and homesteaders,
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10:21
the terms of the second Fort Laramie Treaty
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so bili pogoji drugega
10:23
had been violated.
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1207
sporazuma pri Fort Laramie kršeni.
10:25
The court stated that the Black Hills were illegally taken,
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Sodišče je razsodilo,
da so bili Črni hribi vzeti ilegalno
10:29
and that the initial offering price, plus interest,
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2615
in da mora biti prvotna cena z obrestmi
plačana narodu Sioux.
10:32
should be paid to the Sioux Nation.
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632195
1794
Kot plačilo za Črne hribe
10:34
As payment for the Black Hills,
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1552
je sodišče dodelilo samo 106 milijonov dolarjev
10:36
the court awarded only 106 million dollars to the Sioux Nation.
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4432
narodu Sioux.
10:40
The Sioux refused the money with the rallying cry,
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3044
Siouxi so denar zavrnili z bojnim krikom:
10:43
"The Black Hills are not for sale."
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643660
1976
"Črni hribi niso naprodaj."
10:46
2010:
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1159
2010:
10:48
Statistics about Native population today,
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2792
statistični podatki o staroselcih danes,
10:51
more than a century after the massacre at Wounded Knee,
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več kot stoletje po pokolu pri Ranjenem Kolenu,
10:54
reveal the legacy of colonization,
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2585
odkrivajo zapuščino kolonizacije,
prisilne migracije
10:57
forced migration
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1268
10:58
and treaty violations.
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1443
in kršitve sporazmov.
Brezposelnost na rezervatu Pine Ridge
11:01
Unemployment on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation
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2430
11:03
fluctuates between 85 and 90 percent.
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2578
se giblje med 85 in 90 odstotki.
11:06
The housing office is unable to build new structures,
228
666949
2849
Urad za naselitve ne more zgraditi novih objektov
11:09
and existing structures are falling apart.
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669822
2136
in že obstoječi objekti razpadajo.
Mnogi so brez domov,
11:12
Many are homeless,
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1169
11:13
and those with homes are packed into rotting buildings
231
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2559
in če imajo dom, so stlačeni v razpadajoče zgradbe,
tudi s po petimi družinami.
11:16
with up to five families.
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1345
11:17
Thirty-nine percent of homes on Pine Ridge
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2207
39 odstotkov domov na Pine Ridge-u
nima elektrike.
11:20
have no electricity.
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680089
1237
11:21
At least 60 percent of the homes on the reservation
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2669
Vsaj 60 odstotkov domov na rezervatu
11:24
are infested with black mold.
236
684477
1817
ima črno plesen.
Več kot 90 odstotkov populacije
11:27
More than 90 percent of the population lives below the federal poverty line.
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687000
4265
živo pod mejo revščine.
Pojavljanje tuberkuloze na Pine Ridgeu
11:32
The tuberculosis rate on Pine Ridge
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692074
2160
11:34
is approximately eight times higher than the US national average.
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3191
je približno osemkrat višje kot povprečno v ZDA.
11:37
The infant mortality rate is the highest on this continent,
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3230
Umrljivost novorojenčkov
je najvišja na celini,
11:41
and is about three times higher than the US national average.
241
701129
3308
in je približno trikrat višja od povprečja v ZDA.
11:44
Cervical cancer is five times higher
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2395
Rak materničnega vratu je petkrat bolj pogost
11:46
than the US national average.
243
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1811
kot je povprečje v ZDA.
11:48
The school dropout rate is up to 70 percent.
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2753
70 odstotkov otrok šole ne dokonča.
Menjave učiteljev
11:52
Teacher turnover is eight times higher than the US national average.
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4105
so osemkrat bolj pogoste kot povprečno v ZDA.
11:56
Frequently, grandparents are raising their grandchildren
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716660
3369
Pogosto stari starši vzgajajo svoje vnuke,
ker jih starši zaradi alkoholizma,
12:00
because parents, due to alcoholism,
247
720053
2318
12:02
domestic violence and general apathy,
248
722395
2725
nasilja v družini in vsesplošne apatije
niso zmožni vzgajati.
12:05
cannot raise them.
249
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1198
12:07
Fifty percent of the population over the age of 40
250
727342
3071
50 odstotkov populacije starejše od 40 let
12:10
suffers from diabetes.
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1476
ima sladkorno bolezen.
12:12
The life expectancy for men is between 46 and 48 years old --
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5869
Pričakovana življenjska doba za moške
je med 46
in 48 let--
12:19
roughly the same as in Afghanistan and Somalia.
253
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4003
približno enaka
kot v Afganistanu in Somaliji.
12:25
The last chapter in any successful genocide
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745398
3540
Zadnje poglavje vsakega uspešnega genocida
12:28
is the one in which the oppressor
255
748962
1977
je tisto, ko zatiralec
12:30
can remove their hands and say,
256
750963
2540
lahko dvigne roke in reče,
12:33
"My god -- what are these people doing to themselves?
257
753527
3462
"Moj bog, kaj ti ljudje počnejo sami sebi?
Pobijajo drug drugega.
12:37
They're killing each other.
258
757013
1696
12:38
They're killing themselves
259
758733
1903
Ubijajo sebe,
12:40
while we watch them die."
260
760660
1649
medtem ko jih mi gledamo umirati."
12:43
This is how we came to own these United States.
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2976
Tako smo postali lastniki Združenih držav.
12:46
This is the legacy
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1294
To je zapuščina
12:48
of Manifest Destiny.
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768279
1626
manifesta usode.
12:50
Prisoners are still born into prisoner of war camps,
264
770713
4227
Zaporniki se še rojevajo
v taborišča vojnih ujetnikov
12:54
long after the guards are gone.
265
774964
1962
dolgo potem, ko stražarjev več ni.
12:59
These are the bones left after the best meat has been taken.
266
779709
4643
To so kosti, ki ostanejo,
ko je pobrano najboljše meso.
Pred dolgim časom
13:07
A long time ago,
267
787151
1318
13:08
a series of events was set in motion
268
788493
1977
so niz dogodkov
13:10
by a people who look like me, by wasichu,
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790494
3502
začeli ljudje, ki izgledajo kot jaz, wasichu,
neučakani, da si vzamejo zemljo in vodo,
13:14
eager to take the land and the water and the gold in the hills.
270
794020
3459
in zlato v hribih.
13:18
Those events led to a domino effect that has yet to end.
271
798462
3084
Ti dogodki so vodili v efekt domin,
ki se še ni končal.
13:22
As removed as we, the dominant society, may feel
272
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3439
Čeprav se kot dominantna družba počutimo odmaknjeni
13:27
from a massacre in 1890,
273
807414
2593
od masakra leta 1890,
13:30
or a series of broken treaties 150 years ago,
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810031
3726
ali od niza prelomljenih sporazumov pred 150 leti,
13:34
I still have to ask you the question:
275
814231
2161
vas moram še vedno vprašati,
kako se počutite glede današnjih statistik?
13:37
How should you feel about the statistics of today?
276
817344
2627
Kaj je povezava
13:41
What is the connection between these images of suffering
277
821138
3164
med temi podobami trpljenja
13:44
and the history that I just read to you?
278
824326
1976
in med zgodovino, ki sem vam jo prebral?
in koliko te zgodovine
13:47
And how much of this history do you need to own, even?
279
827190
2850
si morate lastiti?
13:50
Is any of this your responsibility today?
280
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2251
Je karkoli od tega zdaj vaša odgovornost?
13:54
I have been told that there must be something we can do.
281
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2693
Rekli so mi, da mora obstajati nekaj, kar lahko storimo.
13:57
There must be some call to action.
282
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2426
Mora biti nek poziv k ukrepanju.
14:00
Because for so long, I've been standing on the sidelines,
283
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3075
Ker predolgo že stojim na robu
zadovoljen kot priča,
14:04
content to be a witness,
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1626
samo fotografiram.
14:06
just taking photographs.
285
846119
1864
14:08
Because the solutions seem so far in the past,
286
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2599
Ker se rešitev zdi tako daleč v preteklosti,
14:11
I needed nothing short of a time machine to access them.
287
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3333
da bi potreboval časovni stroj,
da bi jih dosegel.
14:15
The suffering of indigenous peoples is not a simple issue to fix.
288
855940
5108
Trpljenja staroselcev
ni enostavno popraviti.
14:21
It's not something everyone can get behind
289
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2016
Za to se ne morejo zavzeti vsi,
14:23
the way they get behind helping Haiti,
290
863940
1849
kot se zavzamejo za Haiti,
14:25
or ending AIDS, or fighting a famine.
291
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2403
ali končanje AIDSa, ali boj proti lakoti.
14:28
The "fix," as it's called,
292
868999
1966
"popravilo", kot bi rekli temu,
14:30
may be much more difficult for the dominant society
293
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2647
je morda veliko težje za dominantno družno
14:33
than, say, a $50 check
294
873660
2297
kot, recimo, ček za 50$
14:35
or a church trip to paint some graffiti-covered houses,
295
875981
3297
ali cerkveni obisk,
da bi prebarvali z grafiti prekrite hiše,
14:39
or a suburban family
296
879302
1611
ali pa predmestna družina,
14:40
donating a box of clothes they don't even want anymore.
297
880937
2976
ki daruje škatlo starih oblačil, ki jih niti več nočejo.
14:44
So where does that leave us?
298
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1395
Kje smo torej?
14:46
Shrugging our shoulders in the dark?
299
886436
2064
Skomigamo z rameni v temi?
Združene države
14:50
The United States continues on a daily basis to violate the terms
300
890270
4680
še naprej vsak dan
kršijo pogoje
14:54
of the 1851 and 1868 Fort Laramie Treaties with the Lakota.
301
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4449
iz let 1851 in 1868
sporazumov Fort Laramie z Lakoto.
14:59
The call to action I offer today --
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899983
2332
Moj poziv k dejanjem danes --
moja TED želja -- je tole:
15:03
my TED wish -- is this:
303
903152
2049
15:06
Honor the treaties.
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906611
1281
Spoštujte sporazume.
15:08
Give back the Black Hills.
305
908485
1697
vrnite Črne Griče.
15:10
It's not your business what they do with them.
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2242
Ni vaša stvar kaj počnejo z njimi.
15:15
(Applause)
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(Aplavz)
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