Aaron Huey: America's native prisoners of war

Prevoditelj: Senzos Osijek Recezent: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG

Danas sam ovdje da vam pokažem svoje fotografije Lakota naroda.

I'm here today to show my photographs of the Lakota.

Many of you may have heard of the Lakota,

Veliki broj vas je vjerojatno čuo za Lakote,

or at least the larger group of tribes,

ili barem za veliku skupinu plemena

called the Sioux.

nazvanu Sioux.

The Lakota are one of many tribes that were moved off their land

Lakote su jedno od mnogih plemena koja su preseljena sa svoje zemlje

u zarobljeničke ratne logore,

to prisoner-of-war camps,

now called reservations.

danas zvane rezervatima.

The Pine Ridge Reservation,

Pine Ridge rezervat,

the subject of today's slide show,

predmet današnje prezentacije,

smješten je nekih 120 km jugoistočno

is located about 75 miles southeast of the Black Hills in South Dakota.

od Black Hillsa u Južnoj Dakoti.

Ponekad se naziva

It is sometimes referred to as Prisoner of War Camp Number 334,

i zatvoreničkim ratnim logorom br. 334

i to je mjesto gdje sada Lakote žive.

and it is where the Lakota now live.

Now, if any of you have ever heard of AIM,

Ako je itko od vas čuo za AIM,

the American Indian Movement,

American Indian Movement (pokret za prava Indijanaca)

or of Russell Means,

ili za Russella Meansa

or Leonard Peltier,

ili Leonarda Peltiera

or of the standoff at Oglala,

ili ustanka kod Oglala,

then you know Pine Ridge is ground zero for Native issues in the US.

tada znate da je Pine Ridge nulta točka

za domorodačka pitanja u SAD-u.

So I've been asked to talk a little bit today

Dakle, pitali su me da danas malo govorim

about my relationship with the Lakota,

o svom odnosu s Lakotama,

and that's a very difficult one for me,

a to je dosta teško za mene.

because, if you haven't noticed from my skin color,

Zato što, ako niste primijetili po mojoj boji kože,

ja sam bijelac,

I'm white,

and that is a huge barrier on a Native reservation.

a to je ogromna prepreka u domorodačkom rezervatu.

You'll see a lot of people in my photographs today.

Danas ćete na mojim fotografijama vidjeti puno ljudi

I've become very close with them, and they've welcomed me like family.

s kojima sam se zbližio, koji su me prihvatili kao dio obitelji.

Zvali su me bratom, ujakom

They've called me "brother" and "uncle,"

i pozivali me nazad ponovno i ponovno tijekom pet godina.

and invited me again and again over five years.

Ali u Pine Ridgu ću

But on Pine Ridge,

I will always be what is called "wasichu."

uvijek biti onaj kojeg nazivaju wasichu,

"Wasichu" is a Lakota word

a wasichu je Lakota riječ

that means "non-Indian,"

koja znači ne-Indijanac,

but another version of this word

ali druga verzija ove riječi

glasi: „onaj koji uzima najbolje meso za sebe“.

means "the one who takes the best meat for himself."

And that's what I want to focus on --

To je nešto što želim naglasiti –

the one who takes the best part of the meat.

onaj koji uzima najbolji dio mesa.

To znači pohlepan.

It means "greedy."

So take a look around this auditorium today.

Sada bacite pogled oko sebe u gledalištu.

Nalazimo se u privatnoj školi na američkom zapadu,

We are at a private school in the American West,

sjedimo u crvenim baršunastim stolicama

sitting in red velvet chairs

with money in our pockets.

s novcem u džepovima.

And if we look at our lives,

I ako promotrimo svoje živote,

we have indeed taken the best part of the meat.

zaista smo uzeli

najbolji komad mesa.

So let's look today at a set of photographs

Zato pogledajmo nekoliko fotografija

of a people who lost

ljudi koji su izgubili

so that we could gain,

da bismo mi mogli dobiti

and know that when you see these people's faces,

i imajte na umu da, kada gledate lica tih ljudi,

that these are not just images of the Lakota;

to nisu slike samo Lakota,

they stand for all indigenous people.

nego svih domorodaca.

On this piece of paper

Na ovom komadu papira

is the history the way I learned it from my Lakota friends and family.

ispričana je povijest kakvu sam naučio

od svojih Lakota prijatelja i obitelji.

The following is a time line of treaties made, treaties broken

Sljedeće je vremenska linija

svih dogovorenih sporazuma, prekršenih sporazuma

and massacres disguised as battles.

i pokolja maskiranih u bitke.

I'll begin in 1824.

Počet ću s 1824. godinom.

"Ono što je poznato pod imenom Ured za indijanska pitanja

What is known as the Bureau of Indian Affairs

osnovan je pod Odjelom rata,

was created within the War Department,

od počeka potencirajući agresivnost

setting an early tone of aggression

in our dealings with the Native Americans.

u našem odnosu prema Indijancima.

1851:

1851. godina:

The first treaty of Fort Laramie was made,

Prvi ugovor u Fort Laramieju je sklopljen,

clearly marking the boundaries of the Lakota Nation.

jasno određujući granice zemlje Lakota naroda.

Prema ugovoru,

According to the treaty, those lands are a sovereign nation.

to je zemlja samostalnog naroda.

If the boundaries of this treaty had held --

Da su se granice iz sporazuma održale --

and there is a legal basis that they should --

a postojala je pravna osnova za to --

then this is what the US would look like today.

danas bi SAD izgledao ovako.

10 godina kasnije,

Ten years later.

The Homestead Act, signed by President Lincoln,

Homestead Act, koji je i predsjednik Lincoln potpisao,

unleashed a flood of white settlers into Native lands.

propustio je bujicu bijelih doseljenika na domorodačku zemlju.

1863:

1863. godine:

An uprising of Santee Sioux in Minnesota

ustanak Santee Siouxa u Minnesoti

ends with the hanging of 38 Sioux men,

završava vješanjem 38 Siouxa,

the largest mass execution in US history.

što je najveće masovno pogubljenje u povijesti SAD-a.

The execution was ordered by President Lincoln,

Naredbu za pogubljenje potpisao je predsjednik Lincoln

only two days after he signed the Emancipation Proclamation.

samo dva dana nakon

što je potpisao zakon o ukidanju ropstva.

1866: The beginning of the Transcontinental Railroad --

1866. godina, početak transkontinentalne željeznice –

početak nove ere.

a new era.

Zemlju u središtu Lakota područja prisvojili smo si za

We appropriated land for trails and trains

željeznicu i vlakove.

to shortcut through the heart of the Lakota Nation.

The treaties were out the window.

Na ugovore se više nije mislilo.

In response, three tribes led by the Lakota chief Red Cloud

Kao odgovor na to, tri plemena vođena Lakota poglavicom Crvenim Oblakom

attacked and defeated the US army,

napala su i porazila američku vojsku više puta.

many times over.

I want to repeat that part:

Htio bih to ponoviti.

The Lakota defeat the US army.

Lakote su porazili američku vojsku.

1868. godine: Drugi sporazum u Fort Laramieju

1868: The second Fort Laramie Treaty clearly guarantees

jasno određuje neovisnost velikog Sioux naroda

the sovereignty of the Great Sioux Nation

and the Lakotas' ownership of the sacred Black Hills.

i vlasništvo Lakota nad svetim Black Hillsom.

Vlada također obećava i zemlju i pravo na lov

The government also promises land and hunting rights

u okolnim područjima.

in the surrounding states.

We promise that the Powder River country

Obećajemo da će odsada zemlja Powder Rivera

biti zabranjena za sve bijelce.

will henceforth be closed to all whites.

The treaty seemed to be a complete victory

Taj sporazum činio se kao potpuna pobjeda

for Red Cloud and the Sioux.

za Crvenog Oblaka i Siouxe.

In fact, this is the only war in American history

Naglašavam da je to jedini rat u američkoj povijesti

koji je vlada završila mirom u kojem su

in which the government negotiated a peace

by conceding everything demanded by the enemy.

pristali na sve uvjete neprijatelja.

1869. godina:

1869: The Transcontinental Railroad was completed.

Transkontinentalna željeznica je izgrađena.

It began carrying, among other things, large numbers of hunters,

Počela je prevozite, između ostaloga, velik broj lovaca

koji su započeli ubijati bizone na veliko,

who began the wholesale killing of buffalo,

eliminating a source of food, clothing and shelter for the Sioux.

eliminirajući izvor hrane, odjeće i zaklona za Siouxe.

1871. godina:

1871:

The Indian Appropriation Act

Dokument kojim se oduzima neovisnot indijanskim plemenima

makes all Indians wards of the federal government.

pretvorio je sve Indijance u štićenike vlade.

In addition, the military issued orders

Usto, vojska je izdala naredbu o zabrani

forbidding western Indians from leaving reservations.

zapadnim Indijancima izlazak iz područja rezervata.

All western Indians at that point in time were now prisoners of war.

Svi su zapadni Indijanci u tom trenutku

postali ratni zarobljenici.

Također 1871.

Also in 1871,

we ended the time of treaty-making.

smo također prestali i sa sklapanjem ugovora.

The problem with treaties is they allow tribes to exist as sovereign nations,

Problem sa sporazumima je bio što su omogućavali plemenima da postoje kao samostalni narodi,

a to nismo mogli dopustiti;

and we can't have that.

We had plans.

jer smo imali planove.

1874:

1874. godina:

General George Custer announced the discovery of gold in Lakota territory,

General George Custer objavio je pronalazak zlata na području Lakota naroda,

specifically the Black Hills.

konkretno u području Black Hillsa.

The news of gold creates a massive influx of white settlers

Vjesti o zlatu izazvale su masovne navale bijelih doseljenika

na područje Lakota nacije.

into Lakota Nation.

Custer recommends that Congress find a way

Custer preporučuje Kongresu da pronađe način

da se sporazumi s Lakotama

to end the treaties with the Lakota as soon as possible.

prekinu što je prije moguće.

1875: The Lakota war begins

1875. godina: Počinje rat s Lakotama

over the violation of the Fort Laramie Treaty.

zbog kršenja ugovora iz Fort Laramieja.

1876:

1876. godina:

On July 26th,

26. srpanj

on its way to attack a Lakota village,

na putu da napadne jedno selo Lakota,

Custer's 7th Cavalry was crushed

Custerova konjica je u potpunosti poražena

at the battle of Little Big Horn.

u bitci kod Little Big Horna.

1877. godine:

1877:

The great Lakota warrior and chief named Crazy Horse

Veliki Lakota ratnik i poglavica Ludi Konj

surrendered at Fort Robinson.

predaje se kod Fort Robinsona.

Kasnije je ubijen u pritvoru.

He was later killed while in custody.

1877. godine smo također uspjeli naći način

1877 is also the year we found a way to get around the Fort Laramie Treaties.

kako zaobići odrednice sporazuma u Fort Laramieju.

A new agreement was presented to Sioux chiefs and their leading men,

Novi sporazum predstavljen je poglavicama i vođama Siouxa,

poznat i kao kampanja "prodaj ili umri od gladi".

under a campaign known as "Sell or Starve" --

sign the paper, or no food for your tribe.

Potpišite sporazum ili nema hrane za vaše pleme.

Only 10 percent of the adult male population signed.

Samo je 10% odraslih muškaraca potpisalo.

The Fort Laramie Treaty called for at least three-quarters of the tribe

Sporazum iz Fort Laramieja

zahtijevao je da se barem tri četvrtine plemena

to sign away land.

odrekne zemlje.

That clause was obviously ignored.

Taj je članak očito ignoriran.

1887: The Dawes Act.

1887. godina: Dawes ukaz.

Prestaje zajedničko vlasništvo nad zemljom rezervata.

Communal ownership of reservation lands ends.

Reservations are cut up into 160-acre sections,

Ona je sasjeckana na dijelove koji su

and distributed to individual Indians

podijeljeni pojedincima osobno,

with the surplus disposed of.

a višak je zbrinut.

Tribes lost millions of acres.

Plemena su izgubila ogromna područja.

The American dream of individual land ownership

Američki san o pojedinačnom vlasništvu nad zemljom

turned out to be a very clever way

ispao je kao pametna izlika

to divide the reservation until nothing was left.

da se područja rezervata podijele sve dok ništa nije ostalo.

Taj potez uništio je rezervate,

The move destroyed the reservations,

omogućivši lakšu daljnju podjelu i prodaju

making it easier to further subdivide and to sell

sa svakom novom generacijom.

with every passing generation.

Most of the surplus land

Većina onog viška

and many of the plots within reservation boundaries

zemlje

are now in the hands of white ranchers.

sada je u vlasništvu bijelih rančera.

Once again, the fat of the land goes to wasichu.

Još jednom, najbolja zemlja odlazi u ruke wasichua.

1890: A date I believe to be the most important in this slide show.

Vjerujem da je 1890. godina

najvažnija u ovoj prezentaciji.

This is the year of the Wounded Knee Massacre.

To je godina masakra kod Wounded Kneeja.

29. prosinca

On December 29,

US troops surrounded a Sioux encampment at Wounded Knee Creek,

čete američke vojske opkolile su Sioux tabor kod potoka Wounded Knee

i poubijale 300 ratnih zarobljenika zajedno

and massacred Chief Big Foot and 300 prisoners of war,

s poglavicom Velikim Stopalom,

koristeći novo oružje

using a new rapid-fire weapon that fired exploding shells,

koje izbacuje eksplozivne čahure

called a Hotchkiss gun.

nazvan Hotchkiss pištolj.

For this so-called "battle,"

Za ovu takozvanu bitku dodijeljeno je

20 Congressional Medals of Honor for Valor

20 kongresnih medalja za čast

were given to the 7th Cavalry.

7. konjičkoj.

To this day,

Do današnjeg dana,

to je najveći broj medalja za čast

this is the most Medals of Honor ever awarded for a single battle.

dodijeljen za jednu bitku.

More Medals of Honor were given

Znači, više je medalja podijeljeno

for the indiscriminate slaughter of women and children

za pokolj žena i djece

than for any battle in World War One,

nego za bilo koju bitku iz I. i

II. svjetskog rata,

World War Two,

Korea, Vietnam,

Koreje, Vijetnama,

Iraka i Afganistana.

Iraq or Afghanistan.

Masakr kod Wounded Kneeja

The Wounded Knee Massacre is considered the end of the Indian wars.

smatra se krajem indijanskih ratova.

Kadgod posjetim lokaciju

Whenever I visit the site of the mass grave at Wounded Knee,

masovne grobnice kod Wounded Kneeja,

I see it not just as a grave for the Lakota or for the Sioux,

ne vidim samo grob

za Lakote ili Siouxe,

nego za sve domorodačke narode.

but as a grave for all indigenous peoples.

The holy man Black Elk, said,

Sveti čovjek Black Elk je rekao:

"Tada još nisam znao koliko

"I did not know then how much was ended.

toga je završeno.

When I look back now from this high hill of my old age,

Kada sada pogledam unazad

iz te visoke pozicije svojih starih godina,

I can still see the butchered women and children

još uvijek vidim poklane žene i djecu

kako leže raštrkani

lying heaped and scattered all along the crooked gulch,

širom klanca

jednako jasno kao što sam ih vidio

as plain as when I saw them

with eyes still young.

kad su mi oči još bile mlade.

And I can see that something else died there in the bloody mud

I vidim da je još nešto umrlo tamo u krvavom blatu

i bilo pokopano u mećavi.

and was buried in the blizzard.

A people's dream died there.

Umro je san jednog naroda,

And it was a beautiful dream."

a bio je to prekrasan san."

S tim događajem

With this event,

a new era in Native American history began.

započelo je novo razdoblje u indijanskoj povijesti.

Everything can be measured before Wounded Knee and after,

Sve možemo promatrati

u okviru događaja prije i poslije Wounded Kneeja.

because it was in this moment,

Zato što je tada,

with the fingers on the triggers of the Hotchkiss guns,

s prstima na okidačima Hotchkiss pištolja,

that the US government openly declared its position on Native rights.

američka vlada javno obznanila svoje stavove prema pravima Indijanaca.

Umorili su se od sporazuma.

They were tired of treaties.

Umorili su se od svete zemlje.

They were tired of sacred hills.

Umorili su se od plesa duhova.

They were tired of ghost dances.

And they were tired of all the inconveniences of the Sioux.

I umorili su se od svih problema što su ih Siouxi donosili.

Zato su iznijeli svoje topove.

So they brought out their cannons.

"You want to be an Indian now?" they said,

"Sada želite biti Indijanci", rekli su

finger on the trigger.

s prstom na okidaču.

1900:

1900. godina:

the US Indian population reached its low point --

populacija američkih indijanaca dosegla je najniži broj –

less than 250,000,

manje od 250.000,

compared to an estimated eight million in 1492.

u usporedbi s procijenjenih 8 milijuna

1492. godine.

Fast-forward.

Ubrzajmo.

1980:

1980. godina:

The longest-running court case in US history,

u najdužoj parnici u američkoj povijesti,

Sioux narod protiv SAD-a,

the Sioux Nation versus the United States,

was ruled upon by the US Supreme Court.

odlučivao je Vrhovni sud SAD-a.

The court determined that when the Sioux were resettled onto reservations

Sud je zaključio da, kada su Siouxi preseljeni u rezervate

i 2.832.799,495 hektara njihove zemlje

and seven million acres of their land were opened up

bilo je otvoreno za istražitelje i naseljenike,

to prospectors and homesteaders,

the terms of the second Fort Laramie Treaty

uslovi drugog sporazuma iz Fort Laramie

had been violated.

su prekšeni.

The court stated that the Black Hills were illegally taken,

Sud je zaključio

da je područje Black Hillsa ilegalno uzeto

and that the initial offering price, plus interest,

te da se mora isplatiti odšteta plus kamata

narodu Siouxa.

should be paid to the Sioux Nation.

Kao isplatu za Black Hills,

As payment for the Black Hills,

sud je dodijelio samo 106 milijuna dolara

the court awarded only 106 million dollars to the Sioux Nation.

narodu Siouxa.

The Sioux refused the money with the rallying cry,

Oni su taj novac glasno odbili:

"The Black Hills are not for sale."

"Black Hills nije na prodaju."

2010:

2010. godina:

Statistics about Native population today,

statistika o domorodačkoj populaciji danas,

more than a century after the massacre at Wounded Knee,

više od stoljeća nakon masakra kod Wounded Kneeja,

reveal the legacy of colonization,

otkriva o ostavštinu kolonizacije,

prisilne migracije

forced migration

and treaty violations.

i kršenja odrednica sporazuma.

Nezaposlenost u Pine Ridge rezervatu

Unemployment on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation

fluctuates between 85 and 90 percent.

kreće se od 85 do 90 posto.

The housing office is unable to build new structures,

Nove zgrade ne mogu se izgraditi,

and existing structures are falling apart.

a postojeće se raspadaju.

Mnogi su beskućnici,

Many are homeless,

and those with homes are packed into rotting buildings

a i oni koji imaju domove moraju ih dijeliti

nekad i s 5 obitelji.

with up to five families.

Thirty-nine percent of homes on Pine Ridge

39 posto kuća u u Pine Ridge-u

nema struje.

have no electricity.

At least 60 percent of the homes on the reservation

Najmanje 60 posto kuća u rezervatu

are infested with black mold.

ima problema s crnom plijesni.

Više od 90 posto populacije

More than 90 percent of the population lives below the federal poverty line.

živi ispod državnog praga siromaštva.

Zaraženost tuberkulozom u Pine Ridge-u

The tuberculosis rate on Pine Ridge

is approximately eight times higher than the US national average.

je otprilike osam puta veća od američkog prosjeka.

The infant mortality rate is the highest on this continent,

Smrtnost dojenčadi je

najviša na kontinentu

and is about three times higher than the US national average.

i tri puta je veća od državnog prosjeka.

Cervical cancer is five times higher

Rak grlića maternice pet puta je češći od

than the US national average.

američkog prosjeka.

The school dropout rate is up to 70 percent.

Postotak ljudi s nezavršenom srednjom školom je oko 70 posto.

Nastavnici se mijenjaju

Teacher turnover is eight times higher than the US national average.

osam puta češće od američkog prosjeka.

Frequently, grandparents are raising their grandchildren

Često se događa da djedovi i bake odgajaju djecu

jer ih roditelji zbog alkoholizma,

because parents, due to alcoholism,

domestic violence and general apathy,

nasilja u obitelji ili općenite apatije,

ne mogu odgajati.

cannot raise them.

Fifty percent of the population over the age of 40

50 posto populacije iznad 40 godina

suffers from diabetes.

pati od dijabetesa.

The life expectancy for men is between 46 and 48 years old --

Očekivana životna dob za muškarce

je između 46

i 48 godina –

roughly the same as in Afghanistan and Somalia.

jednako

kao i u Afganistanu i Somaliji.

The last chapter in any successful genocide

Zadnje poglavlje u svakom uspješnom genocidu

is the one in which the oppressor

je trenutak kad ugnjetavač

can remove their hands and say,

diže ruke i govori,

"My god -- what are these people doing to themselves?

"Bože, što si rade ti ljudi?

Ubijaju se međusobno.

They're killing each other.

They're killing themselves

Oni se ubijaju međusobno,

while we watch them die."

a mi ih gledamo kako umiru."

This is how we came to own these United States.

Tako smo dobili naše Sjedinjene Američke Države.

This is the legacy

To je nasljeđe

of Manifest Destiny.

jasne sudbine.

Prisoners are still born into prisoner of war camps,

Zarobljenici se još uvijek rađaju

u zarobljeničkim logorima

long after the guards are gone.

iako čuvara već dugo nema.

These are the bones left after the best meat has been taken.

To su kosti koje ostaju

kad se uzme najbolje meso.

Davno prije,

A long time ago,

a series of events was set in motion

serija događanja je pokrenuta

by a people who look like me, by wasichu,

od ljudi koji izgledaju popute mene, wasichu,

koji su željeli uzeti zemlju, vodu

eager to take the land and the water and the gold in the hills.

i zlato u planinama.

Those events led to a domino effect that has yet to end.

To je dovelo do domino efekta

koji još nije završio.

As removed as we, the dominant society, may feel

Iako se danas, kao dominantno društvo, možemo osjećati

from a massacre in 1890,

nepovezano s masakrom iz 1890. godine

or a series of broken treaties 150 years ago,

ili s prekršenim sporazumima prije 150 godina,

I still have to ask you the question:

svejedno vas moram upitati

kako se osjećate u vezi današnjih statistika?

How should you feel about the statistics of today?

Koja je veza

What is the connection between these images of suffering

između tih prikaza patnje

and the history that I just read to you?

i povijesti koju sam vam upravo pročitao?

I koliko je ove povijesti

And how much of this history do you need to own, even?

zapravo vaše?

Is any of this your responsibility today?

Je li išta od ovoga vaša odgovornost danas?

I have been told that there must be something we can do.

Rekli su mi da mora postojati nešto što možemo učiniti.

There must be some call to action.

Mora postojati nekakvo zvono za uzbunu.

Because for so long, I've been standing on the sidelines,

Jer previše dugo sam stajao po strani

zadovoljan svojom ulogom svjedoka,

content to be a witness,

koji samo fotografira stvari.

just taking photographs.

Because the solutions seem so far in the past,

A rješenje se činilo mogućim samo u prošlosti,

I needed nothing short of a time machine to access them.

a zato mi je bio potreban vremenski stroj

kako bi ima prišao.

The suffering of indigenous peoples is not a simple issue to fix.

Patnja domorodaca

nije jednostavan problem za riješiti.

It's not something everyone can get behind

To nije nešto u čemu svi možemo lagano sudjelovati,

the way they get behind helping Haiti,

kao što je pomoć Haitiju,

or ending AIDS, or fighting a famine.

suzbijanje AIDS-a ili borbe protiv gladi.

The "fix," as it's called,

Rješenje ovog problema

may be much more difficult for the dominant society

puno je kompleksnije

than, say, a $50 check

od doniranja novca,

or a church trip to paint some graffiti-covered houses,

ili crkvenih akcija

gdje se kuće pošarane grafitima ponovno liče

or a suburban family

ili prigradske obitelji

donating a box of clothes they don't even want anymore.

doniraju odjeću koju više ne žele.

So where does that leave us?

Dakle, na koju nas to poziciju postavlja?

Shrugging our shoulders in the dark?

Slijeganje ramenima u mraku?

SAD

The United States continues on a daily basis to violate the terms

nastavlja svakodnevno

kršiti uvjete sporazuma

of the 1851 and 1868 Fort Laramie Treaties with the Lakota.

iz 1851. i 1868.

iz Fort Laramie s Lakotama.

The call to action I offer today --

Ono što ja predlažem danas --

moja TED želja je:

my TED wish -- is this:

Honor the treaties.

poštujmo sporazume.

Give back the Black Hills.

Vratimo Black Hills.

It's not your business what they do with them.

Nije naša stvar što oni s njima rade.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)