Aaron Huey: America's native prisoners of war

232,602 views ใƒป 2010-11-10

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: han soo yeon ๊ฒ€ํ† : Seo Rim Kim
์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€ ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
I'm here today to show my photographs of the Lakota.
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00:19
Many of you may have heard of the Lakota,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€์ธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด ๋ดค์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
or at least the larger group of tribes,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ ์–ด๋„ ๋” ํฐ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ธ
00:23
called the Sioux.
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์ˆ˜ ์กฑ์ด ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
The Lakota are one of many tribes that were moved off their land
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๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋•…์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์ œ ์ด์ฃผ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€์กฑ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ „์Ÿ์˜ ํฌ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:29
to prisoner-of-war camps,
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00:30
now called reservations.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
The Pine Ridge Reservation,
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ํŒŒ์ธ ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.,
00:34
the subject of today's slide show,
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์‡ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š”
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‚จ ๋‹ค์ฝ”ํƒ€์˜ ๋ธ”๋ž™ํž์ฆˆ์˜
00:37
is located about 75 miles southeast of the Black Hills in South Dakota.
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๋‚จ๋™์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ 75๋งˆ์ผ ์ฏค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š”
00:41
It is sometimes referred to as Prisoner of War Camp Number 334,
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ํฌ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ 334 ๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ์ง€์š”.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
and it is where the Lakota now live.
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00:48
Now, if any of you have ever heard of AIM,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ AIM์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์‹  ์  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
00:50
the American Indian Movement,
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๋ถ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด ์ธ๋””์–ธ ๊ณต๋ฏผ๊ถŒ ์šด๋™(AIM)์ด์ฃ ,
00:52
or of Russell Means,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋Ÿฌ์…€ ๋ฏผ์ฆˆ๋‚˜
00:54
or Leonard Peltier,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ ˆ์˜ค๋‚˜๋“œ ํŽ ํ‹ฐ์–ด,
00:56
or of the standoff at Oglala,
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ํ˜น์€ ์˜ค๊ธ€๋ผ๋ผ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋œ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
00:58
then you know Pine Ridge is ground zero for Native issues in the US.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํŒŒ์ธ ๋ฆฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜
์ค‘์‹ฌ์ง€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
So I've been asked to talk a little bit today
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
about my relationship with the Lakota,
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์ œ ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€์™€์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:08
and that's a very difficult one for me,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
because, if you haven't noticed from my skin color,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ œ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์ƒ‰์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด,
์ „ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
I'm white,
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01:14
and that is a huge barrier on a Native reservation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํฐ ์žฅ์• ๋ฌผ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
You'll see a lot of people in my photographs today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
I've become very close with them, and they've welcomed me like family.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์นœํ•ด์กŒ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ํ˜•/์˜ค๋น  ํ˜น์€ ์‚ผ์ดŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ €์ฃ .
01:25
They've called me "brother" and "uncle,"
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋ฅผ 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณ„์† ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:27
and invited me again and again over five years.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํŒŒ์ธ ๋ฆฌ์ง€์—์„œ๋Š”,
01:29
But on Pine Ridge,
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01:30
I will always be what is called "wasichu."
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์ „ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์™€์‹œ์ธ„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
"Wasichu" is a Lakota word
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์™€์‹œ์ธ„๋Š” ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€ ๋ง ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
that means "non-Indian,"
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์ธ๋””์–ธ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ฃ .
01:38
but another version of this word
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ๋Š”,
์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์ฑ™๊ธฐ๋ ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
01:41
means "the one who takes the best meat for himself."
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01:44
And that's what I want to focus on --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์  ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
the one who takes the best part of the meat.
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๊ณ ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ฑ™๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํƒ์š•์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
It means "greedy."
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01:51
So take a look around this auditorium today.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ๊ฐ•๋‹น์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์„œ๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฆฝํ•™๊ต์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:54
We are at a private school in the American West,
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๋นจ๊ฐ„ ๋ฒจ๋ฒณ ์˜์ž์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
01:57
sitting in red velvet chairs
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01:59
with money in our pockets.
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์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์—๋Š” ๋ˆ์ด ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:01
And if we look at our lives,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:03
we have indeed taken the best part of the meat.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ
๊ณ ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
So let's look today at a set of photographs
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ๋ช‡ ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์‹œ์ฃ .
02:10
of a people who lost
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ,
02:12
so that we could gain,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด์ฃ .
02:14
and know that when you see these people's faces,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•„๋‹Œ,
02:17
that these are not just images of the Lakota;
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š”
02:20
they stand for all indigenous people.
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํ‘œ์ •์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
On this piece of paper
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์ด ํ•œ ์žฅ์˜ ์ข…์ด๋Š”
02:27
is the history the way I learned it from my Lakota friends and family.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ €์˜ ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์š”.
02:32
The following is a time line of treaties made, treaties broken
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์ด๊ฑด ์—ฐ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์กฐ์•ฝ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ๊นจ์ง€๋Š”,
02:37
and massacres disguised as battles.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ด์œก์ด ์ „์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ๋˜๋Š”.
02:39
I'll begin in 1824.
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1824๋…„ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚ด๋ฌด๋ถ€์˜ ์ธ๋””์–ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
02:42
What is known as the Bureau of Indian Affairs
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์œก๊ตฐ์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
was created within the War Department,
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์ผ์ฐ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„
02:46
setting an early tone of aggression
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02:47
in our dealings with the Native Americans.
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ํญ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜์‹์ด ๊น”๋ ค์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:49
1851:
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1851:
02:51
The first treaty of Fort Laramie was made,
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ ์งธ ์กฐ์•ฝ์ธ ๋ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ ์š”์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
clearly marking the boundaries of the Lakota Nation.
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๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€์ธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ์•ฝ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ์กฐ์•ฝ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด,
02:57
According to the treaty, those lands are a sovereign nation.
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ๋…๋ฆฝ๋œ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
If the boundaries of this treaty had held --
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ ์กฐ์•ฝ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๊ณ ,
03:02
and there is a legal basis that they should --
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์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:05
then this is what the US would look like today.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10๋…„ํ›„
03:11
Ten years later.
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03:12
The Homestead Act, signed by President Lincoln,
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๋ง์ปจ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ์ž์˜ ๋†์ง€๋ฒ•์€
03:15
unleashed a flood of white settlers into Native lands.
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๋ง์ปจ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ์ž์˜ ๋†์ง€๋ฒ•
03:18
1863:
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1863:
03:20
An uprising of Santee Sioux in Minnesota
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๋ฏธ๋„ค์†Œํƒ€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์‚ฐํ‹ฐ ์ˆ˜ ์กฑ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ž€์€
03:22
ends with the hanging of 38 Sioux men,
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38๋ช…์˜ ์ˆ˜์กฑ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์ฃฝ์ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
the largest mass execution in US history.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์‚ฌํ˜•์ง‘ํ–‰์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
The execution was ordered by President Lincoln,
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์ด ์‚ฌํ˜•์ง‘ํ–‰์€ ๋ง์ปจ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์— ์˜ํ•ด ์‹œํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
only two days after he signed the Emancipation Proclamation.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ดํ‹€ ๋’ค์—,
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ๋ น์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
1866: The beginning of the Transcontinental Railroad --
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1866๋…„์—๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๋Œ€์ธ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™ํšก๋‹จ์ฒ ๋„
์„ค๋ฆฝ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
a new era.
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์ง€๋ฆ„๊ธธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ ์ฒ ๋„์™€ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋“ค์€
03:43
We appropriated land for trails and trains
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๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์‹ฌ์žฅ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์งˆ๋Ÿฌ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
to shortcut through the heart of the Lakota Nation.
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03:47
The treaties were out the window.
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์˜ˆ์ „์— ์ฒด๊ฒฐ๋œ ์กฐ์•ฝ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ˆ์ค‘์—๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:49
In response, three tribes led by the Lakota chief Red Cloud
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์ด์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•ด, ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€ ๋ฆฌ๋”์ธ ๋ ˆ๋“œํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋„๋Š” ์„ธ ๋ถ€์กฑ์€
03:52
attacked and defeated the US army,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ์ด๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
many times over.
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03:55
I want to repeat that part:
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
The Lakota defeat the US army.
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๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
1868์— ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ ์š”์ƒˆ ์กฐ์•ฝ์€
04:01
1868: The second Fort Laramie Treaty clearly guarantees
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ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ ์ˆ˜์กฑ์˜ ์ž์ฃผ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
the sovereignty of the Great Sioux Nation
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04:06
and the Lakotas' ownership of the sacred Black Hills.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€์˜ ๋ธ”๋ž™ํž์ฆˆ ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ๋„ ๋ณด์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋•…๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์ง€์—ญ์˜
04:10
The government also promises land and hunting rights
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์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ๊ถŒ์„ ์•ฝ์†ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:12
in the surrounding states.
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04:13
We promise that the Powder River country
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ํŒŒ์šฐ๋” ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„ ์ปจํŠธ๋ฆฌ ์ง€์—ญ์ด
๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฐจ๋‹จ๋  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ฝ์†ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:16
will henceforth be closed to all whites.
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04:18
The treaty seemed to be a complete victory
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๊ทธ ์กฐ์•ฝ์€ ๋ ˆ๋“œ ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ์™€ ์ˆ˜์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
04:20
for Red Cloud and the Sioux.
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์™„์ „ํ•œ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์˜€์ฃ .
04:22
In fact, this is the only war in American history
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์ €๋Š”, ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์š”๊ตฌํ•ด ์˜จ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„
์ธ์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ‰ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ˜‘์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
04:26
in which the government negotiated a peace
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04:28
by conceding everything demanded by the enemy.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ „์Ÿ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
1869
04:34
1869: The Transcontinental Railroad was completed.
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๋Œ€๋ฅ™ํšก๋‹จ์ฒ ๋„๊ฐ€ ์™„์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
It began carrying, among other things, large numbers of hunters,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ๊พผ๋“ค์„ ์‹ค์–ด ๋‚˜๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์กฑ๋“ค์˜ ์Œ์‹๊ณผ ์˜ท๊ณผ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
04:41
who began the wholesale killing of buffalo,
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04:43
eliminating a source of food, clothing and shelter for the Sioux.
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๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฌผ์†Œ๋“ค์„ ์ฃฝ์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ 
1871:
04:47
1871:
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04:48
The Indian Appropriation Act
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์ธ๋””์–ธ ์ „์œ  ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์€
04:50
makes all Indians wards of the federal government.
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์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ์ •๋ถ€์— ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธ๋””์–ธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
In addition, the military issued orders
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ์ธ๋””์–ธ๋“ค์ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
04:55
forbidding western Indians from leaving reservations.
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๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
All western Indians at that point in time were now prisoners of war.
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์„œ๋ถ€ ์ธ๋””์–ธ๋“ค์€
์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ „์Ÿ ํฌ๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋˜ํ•œ 1871๋…„์—
05:04
Also in 1871,
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05:05
we ended the time of treaty-making.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์กฐ์•ฝ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
The problem with treaties is they allow tribes to exist as sovereign nations,
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๊ทธ ์กฐ์•ฝ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑ๋“ค์„ ์ž์ฃผ์ ์ธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ ,
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:11
and we can't have that.
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05:12
We had plans.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋”ฐ๋กœ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
1874:
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1874:
05:16
General George Custer announced the discovery of gold in Lakota territory,
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์กฐ์ง€ ์ปค์Šคํ„ฐ ์žฅ๊ตฐ์€ ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€ ์˜ํ† ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ธˆ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
specifically the Black Hills.
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ๋ธ”๋ž™ํž์ฆˆ์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:21
The news of gold creates a massive influx of white settlers
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๊ธˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‰ด์Šค๋Š” ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€ ์ง€์—ญ์˜
๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ์ •์ฐฉ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์œ ์ž…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
into Lakota Nation.
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05:25
Custer recommends that Congress find a way
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์ปค์Šคํ„ฐ ์žฅ๊ตฐ์€ ์˜ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€์™€์˜ ์กฐ์•ฝ์„
์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ
05:28
to end the treaties with the Lakota as soon as possible.
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๊นฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž์ฃ .
05:31
1875: The Lakota war begins
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1875๋…„ ๋ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ ์š”์ƒˆ ์กฐ์•ฝ์„ ๊นจ๋ฉด์„œ
05:34
over the violation of the Fort Laramie Treaty.
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๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€ ์ „์Ÿ์€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
1876:
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1876:
05:39
On July 26th,
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7์›”26์ผ
05:41
on its way to attack a Lakota village,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€ ๋งˆ์„์„ ์นจ๋žตํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์—
05:43
Custer's 7th Cavalry was crushed
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์ปค์Šคํ„ฐ ์žฅ๊ตฐ์˜ 7๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ธฐ๋ณ‘๋ถ€๋Œ€๋Š”
05:45
at the battle of Little Big Horn.
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๋ฆฌํ‹€ ๋น…ํ˜ผ์ „์Ÿ์—์„œ ๋ฐ•์‚ด์ด ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
1877:
05:48
1877:
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05:49
The great Lakota warrior and chief named Crazy Horse
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๋Œ€ ๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€ ์ „์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์กฑ์žฅ์ธ ํฌ๋ ˆ์ด์ง€ ํ™€์Šค๋Š”
05:52
surrendered at Fort Robinson.
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ํฌํŠธ ๋กœ๋นˆ์Šจ์—์„œ ํ•ญ๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ดํ›„์— ๊ฐ๊ธˆ ์ค‘์— ์‚ดํ•ด ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
He was later killed while in custody.
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1877๋…„์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ ์š”์ƒˆ ์กฐ์•ฝ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐพ์„
06:01
1877 is also the year we found a way to get around the Fort Laramie Treaties.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์€ ํ•ด ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
A new agreement was presented to Sioux chiefs and their leading men,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜‘์ •์€ ์ˆ˜ ์กฑ ๋ถ€์žฅ๊ณผ "ํŒ”์•„๋ผ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ตถ์–ด๋ผ"๋ผ๋Š”
์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์˜ ์ง€๋„์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:09
under a campaign known as "Sell or Starve" --
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06:11
sign the paper, or no food for your tribe.
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์„œ๋ช…ํ•˜๋ผ. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋„ˆํฌ ๋ถ€์กฑ์˜ ์‹๋Ÿ‰์€ ์—†๋‹ค.
06:14
Only 10 percent of the adult male population signed.
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์˜ค์ง 10ํผ์„ผํŠธ์˜ ์„ฑ์ธ ๋‚จ์ž ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์ธ์„ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:17
The Fort Laramie Treaty called for at least three-quarters of the tribe
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๋ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ์š”์ƒˆ ์กฐ์•ฝ์€
๋•…์„ ์–‘๋„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ
06:21
to sign away land.
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๋ถ€์กฑ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ยพ ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
That clause was obviously ignored.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์กฐํ•ญ์€ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์‹œ๋‹นํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:25
1887: The Dawes Act.
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1887๋…„ ๋„์Šค๋ฒ•.
๊ณต์œ  ์†Œ์œ ์˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
Communal ownership of reservation lands ends.
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06:31
Reservations are cut up into 160-acre sections,
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๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์€ 160์—์ด์ปค ๊ตฌ์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
and distributed to individual Indians
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—„์ฒญ ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์ด ์—†์–ด์ง„ ์ฑ„
06:36
with the surplus disposed of.
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๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ธ๋””์–ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
Tribes lost millions of acres.
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๋ถ€์กฑ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ์˜ ์—์ด์ปค์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋•…์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
The American dream of individual land ownership
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฟˆ๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋•… ์†Œ์œ ๋Š”
06:43
turned out to be a very clever way
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ด ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋‚จ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€
06:45
to divide the reservation until nothing was left.
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๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํžˆ ํŒ๋ช…๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ์›€์ง์ž„์€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
06:49
The move destroyed the reservations,
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ํ›„๋Œ€์—์„œ๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
06:51
making it easier to further subdivide and to sell
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๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ํŒ”๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
with every passing generation.
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06:56
Most of the surplus land
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋„˜์ณ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋•…๊ณผ
06:58
and many of the plots within reservation boundaries
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๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋•…๋“ค์€
07:00
are now in the hands of white ranchers.
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๋ฐฑ์ธ ๋ชฉ์žฅ ์ฃผ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
Once again, the fat of the land goes to wasichu.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋•…๋“ค์€ ์™€์‹œ์ธ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
1890: A date I believe to be the most important in this slide show.
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1890์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์‡ผ์—์„œ
๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ ์งœ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
This is the year of the Wounded Knee Massacre.
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์ด ํ•ด๋Š” ์šด๋””๋“œ ๋‹ˆ ํ•™์‚ด์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ํ•ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12์›” 29์ผ์—
07:15
On December 29,
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07:16
US troops surrounded a Sioux encampment at Wounded Knee Creek,
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๋ฏธ๊ตฐ ๋ถ€๋Œ€๋“ค์€ ์šด๋””๋Š ๋‹ˆ ํฌ๋ผํฌ ์กฑ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์ŒŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฌํƒ„์„ ํญ๋ฐœ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”
07:20
and massacred Chief Big Foot and 300 prisoners of war,
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ํ˜ธ์น˜ํ‚ค์Šค๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
์†์‚ฌํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
07:24
using a new rapid-fire weapon that fired exploding shells,
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์กฑ์žฅ ๋น… ํ’‹๊ณผ 300๋ช…์˜
07:27
called a Hotchkiss gun.
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์ „์Ÿํฌ๋กœ๋“ค์„ ํ•™์‚ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
For this so-called "battle,"
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์†Œ์œ„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์Ÿ์—์„œ
07:31
20 Congressional Medals of Honor for Valor
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์˜ํšŒ์—์„œ ์„ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” 20๊ฐœ์˜ ์šฉ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ช…์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฉ”๋‹ฌ์€
07:34
were given to the 7th Cavalry.
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7๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ธฐ๋ณ‘๋ถ€๋Œ€์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
To this day,
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€๋„,
์ด ๋ฉ”๋‹ฌ์ด ๋‹จ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์—์„œ
07:40
this is the most Medals of Honor ever awarded for a single battle.
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์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜๊ด‘์Šค๋Ÿฐ ๋ฉ”๋‹ฌ๋กœ ํ†ตํ•˜์ฃ .
07:45
More Medals of Honor were given
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ช…์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฉ”๋‹ฌ์€
07:46
for the indiscriminate slaughter of women and children
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์„ธ๊ณ„ 1์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ „๊ณผ 2์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ „,
07:49
than for any battle in World War One,
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์ด๋ผํฌ ์ „์Ÿ๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ „์Ÿ,
๋ฒ ํŠธ๋‚จ์ „๊ณผ ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šค์นธ ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค
07:52
World War Two,
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07:53
Korea, Vietnam,
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์—ฌ์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„
๋ฌด์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ดํ•œ ๋ถ€๋Œ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
Iraq or Afghanistan.
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์šด๋””๋“œ๋‹ˆ ํ•™์‚ด์€
08:00
The Wounded Knee Massacre is considered the end of the Indian wars.
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์ธ๋””์–ธ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ธ๋””์–ธ ์ „์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ €๋Š” ์šด๋””๋“œ ๋‹ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌด๋ค๋“ค์ด
08:05
Whenever I visit the site of the mass grave at Wounded Knee,
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์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งˆ๋‹ค
08:08
I see it not just as a grave for the Lakota or for the Sioux,
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๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜ ์กฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
๋ฌด๋ค๋“ค๋งŒ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌด๋ค์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
but as a grave for all indigenous peoples.
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08:18
The holy man Black Elk, said,
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์„ฑ์ธ ๋ธ”๋ž™ ์—˜ํฌ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
"์ €๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋์ธ์ง€
08:21
"I did not know then how much was ended.
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์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
When I look back now from this high hill of my old age,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ด ๋†’์€ ์–ธ๋•์—์„œ
๋’ค๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋ณด๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ์•„์ง๋„
08:28
I can still see the butchered women and children
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๊ตฌ๋ถˆ๊ตฌ๋ถˆํ•œ ํ˜‘๊ณก์— ์ž”์ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ด์ธ๋œ ์ฑ„๋กœ
์•„๋ฌด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ ํผ์ ธ์žˆ๊ณ  ์Œ“์—ฌ ์žˆ๋Š”
08:31
lying heaped and scattered all along the crooked gulch,
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์—ฌ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฆด์  ๋ณธ ๊ด‘๊ฒฝ
08:39
as plain as when I saw them
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08:40
with eyes still young.
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๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:46
And I can see that something else died there in the bloody mud
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ์ฒด๋“ค์ด ๋ฌปํžŒ ๊ทธ ํ”ผ ๋ฌป์€ ์ง„ํ™ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด์—์„œ
๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฃฝ์€ ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
and was buried in the blizzard.
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08:54
A people's dream died there.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฟˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
And it was a beautiful dream."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฟˆ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ฟˆ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
09:02
With this event,
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09:03
a new era in Native American history began.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
Everything can be measured before Wounded Knee and after,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šด๋””๋“œ ๋‹ˆ์—์„œ์˜
์ „๊ณผ ํ›„๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
because it was in this moment,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—,
09:14
with the fingers on the triggers of the Hotchkiss guns,
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ํ˜ธ์น˜ํ‚ค์Šค ์ด์˜ ๋ฐฉ์•„์‡ ๋ฅผ ๋‹น๊ธฐ๋Š” ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜,
09:17
that the US government openly declared its position on Native rights.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ ์–ธํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ์กฐ์•ฝ๋“ค์— ์ง€์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
They were tired of treaties.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์‹ ์„ฑํ•œ ์–ธ๋•์— ์ง€์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
They were tired of sacred hills.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ฃฝ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํ•œ์— ์ง€์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
They were tired of ghost dances.
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09:28
And they were tired of all the inconveniences of the Sioux.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜ ์กฑ๋“ค์˜ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ์— ์ง€์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€ํฌ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
So they brought out their cannons.
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09:35
"You want to be an Indian now?" they said,
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ธ๋””์–ธ์ด ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ป„"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
09:38
finger on the trigger.
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๋ฐฉ์•„์‡ ์— ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์„ ๊ฑธ๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:45
1900:
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1900:
09:47
the US Indian population reached its low point --
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ธ๋””์–ธ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ตœ์ €์ ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
09:51
less than 250,000,
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25๋งŒ๋ช…๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
compared to an estimated eight million in 1492.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ
1492๋…„์˜
09:59
Fast-forward.
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8๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ช…์— ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:01
1980:
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1980:
10:03
The longest-running court case in US history,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ธ,
์ˆ˜ ์กฑ ๋ฏผ์กฑ๋“ค ๋Œ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€
10:06
the Sioux Nation versus the United States,
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10:08
was ruled upon by the US Supreme Court.
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๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€๋ฒ•์›์—์„œ ์žฌํŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
The court determined that when the Sioux were resettled onto reservations
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๋ฒ•์ •์€, ์ˆ˜ ์กฑ๋“ค์ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ๊ณผ ,
7๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ์—์ด์ปค ๋•…์— ์žฌ์ •์ฐฉ ํ•˜๋ฉด,
10:16
and seven million acres of their land were opened up
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์ •์ฐฉ์ž์™€ ํƒ์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์—ด๋ ค์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
to prospectors and homesteaders,
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10:21
the terms of the second Fort Laramie Treaty
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ ์กฐ์•ฝ์€
10:23
had been violated.
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๊นจ์กŒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
The court stated that the Black Hills were illegally taken,
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๋ฒ•์ •์€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ธ”๋ž™ ํž์ฆˆ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋บ๊ธด ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ์—,
10:29
and that the initial offering price, plus interest,
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์ฒ˜์Œ์˜ ํ† ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ์ด์ž๋Š” ๋”ํ•ด์ ธ์„œ
์ˆ˜ ์กฑ ๋ฏผ์กฑ ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋ถˆ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ .
10:32
should be paid to the Sioux Nation.
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๋ธ”๋ž™ ํž์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ
10:34
As payment for the Black Hills,
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๋ฒ•์ •์€ ์ˆ˜ ์กฑ ๋ฏผ์กฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์ง€
10:36
the court awarded only 106 million dollars to the Sioux Nation.
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1์–ต6๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋งŒ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
The Sioux refused the money with the rallying cry,
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์ˆ˜ ์กฑ ๋ฏผ์กฑ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋ˆ์„ "๋ธ”๋ž™ํž์ฆˆ๋Š” ํŒ”๋ ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค " .
10:43
"The Black Hills are not for sale."
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๋ผ๊ณ  ์กฐ๋กฑํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
2010:
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2010:
10:48
Statistics about Native population today,
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์šด๋””๋“œ ๋‹ˆ ํ•™์‚ด์ด 1์„ธ๊ธฐ์ด์ƒ ์ง€๋‚œ
10:51
more than a century after the massacre at Wounded Knee,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š”
10:54
reveal the legacy of colonization,
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์‹๋ฏผ์ง€์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฐ๊ณผ,
๊ฐ•์š”๋œ ์ด์ฃผ์™€,
10:57
forced migration
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10:58
and treaty violations.
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์กฐ์•ฝ ์นจํ•ด๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํŒŒ์ธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์ธ๋””์–ธ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์˜ ์‹ค์—…์€
11:01
Unemployment on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation
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11:03
fluctuates between 85 and 90 percent.
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85์—์„œ 90ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ์™”๋‹ค๊ฐ”๋‹ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
The housing office is unable to build new structures,
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๊ฑด์ถ• ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์€ ๋”์ด์ƒ ์ƒˆ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ์ง€์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
and existing structures are falling apart.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„์กดํ•˜๋˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ง‘์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง‘์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
11:12
Many are homeless,
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11:13
and those with homes are packed into rotting buildings
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์ฉ์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋กœ ์ง‘์–ด ๋„ฃ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
5๋ช…์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:16
with up to five families.
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11:17
Thirty-nine percent of homes on Pine Ridge
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ํŒŒ์ธ๋ฆฌ์ง€์˜ 39 ํผ์„ผํŠธ์˜ ์ง‘๋“ค์€
์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
have no electricity.
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11:21
At least 60 percent of the homes on the reservation
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๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์˜ ์ตœ์†Œ 60ํผ์„ผํŠธ์˜ ์ง‘๋“ค์ด
11:24
are infested with black mold.
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๊ณฐํŒก์ด๋กœ ๋“ค๋“๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€
11:27
More than 90 percent of the population lives below the federal poverty line.
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์ •ํ•œ ํ‰๊ท  ๊ฐ€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํŒŒ์ธ๋ฆฌ์ง€์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ต ๋น„์œจ์€ ๋Œ€๋žต
11:32
The tuberculosis rate on Pine Ridge
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11:34
is approximately eight times higher than the US national average.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค 8๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
The infant mortality rate is the highest on this continent,
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์œ ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์€ ์ด ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์—์„œ
๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
and is about three times higher than the US national average.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค 3๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
11:44
Cervical cancer is five times higher
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์ž๊ถ๊ฒฝ๋ถ€์•”์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํ‰๊ท 
11:46
than the US national average.
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์ˆ˜์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค 5๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋†’๊ณ ,
11:48
The school dropout rate is up to 70 percent.
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ํ•™๊ต ์žํ‡ด ๋น„์œจ์€ 70ํผ์„ผํŠธ์— ๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ์ด์ง๋ฅ ์€
11:52
Teacher turnover is eight times higher than the US national average.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค 8๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
Frequently, grandparents are raising their grandchildren
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์•Œ์ฝœ ์ค‘๋…, ๊ฐ€์ • ํญ๋ ฅ,
์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ๋ฌด๊ด€์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ธฐ์—
12:00
because parents, due to alcoholism,
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12:02
domestic violence and general apathy,
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž์ฃผ ์กฐ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค์ด
์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ํ‚ค์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
cannot raise them.
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12:07
Fifty percent of the population over the age of 40
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40์„ธ์ด์ƒ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 50ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋Š”
12:10
suffers from diabetes.
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๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
The life expectancy for men is between 46 and 48 years old --
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜๋ช…์€
46์—์„œ
48์‚ด ์‚ฌ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
roughly the same as in Afghanistan and Somalia.
253
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์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„๊ณผ ์†Œ๋ง๋ฆฌ์•„์™€
๋Œ€๋žต ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
The last chapter in any successful genocide
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์ด ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ํ•™์‚ด์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์žฅ์€
12:28
is the one in which the oppressor
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๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์†์„ ๋–ผ๋ฉฐ,
12:30
can remove their hands and say,
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"๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋˜,
12:33
"My god -- what are these people doing to themselves?
257
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ € ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ง“์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด!
12:37
They're killing each other.
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12:38
They're killing themselves
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด!
12:40
while we watch them die."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ฃฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์—.." ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
This is how we came to own these United States.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
This is the legacy
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๋ถ๋ฏธ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•  ์šด๋ช…์„
12:48
of Manifest Destiny.
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๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ช…์˜ ์œ ์‚ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
Prisoners are still born into prisoner of war camps,
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์ฃ„์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ์•„์ง๋„ ๊ฒฝ๋น„๋“ค์ด
๋– ๋‚˜๊ฐ„์ง€ ์˜ค๋ž˜์ธ ํฌ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ์—์„œ
12:54
long after the guards are gone.
265
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ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
These are the bones left after the best meat has been taken.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„
๋นผ์•—๊ธด ํ›„์˜ ๋ผˆ๋งŒ ๋‚จ์€ ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „์—,
13:07
A long time ago,
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13:08
a series of events was set in motion
268
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๋•…๊ณผ ๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๋บ๊ณ ,
13:10
by a people who look like me, by wasichu,
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์–ธ๋•์˜ ๊ธˆ์„ ๋บ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ์•ˆ๋‹ฌ์ด ๋‚œ
์ €๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒ๊ธด ์™€์‹œ์ธ„๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด
13:14
eager to take the land and the water and the gold in the hills.
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์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
Those events led to a domino effect that has yet to end.
271
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์€ ๋„๋ฏธ๋…ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผ์ผœ
์•„์ง๋„ ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
As removed as we, the dominant society, may feel
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์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ 1890๋…„์˜ ํ•™์‚ด์ด๋‚˜,
13:27
from a massacre in 1890,
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150๋…„ ์ „์˜ ๊นจ์ง„ ์กฐ์•ฝ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
13:30
or a series of broken treaties 150 years ago,
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๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋งŒํผ ์—†์–ด์ง„ ์ฑ„๋กœ,
13:34
I still have to ask you the question:
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์ €๋Š” ์•„์ง๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํ†ต๊ณ„์ˆ˜์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:37
How should you feel about the statistics of today?
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๊ณ ํ†ต์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋“ค๊ณผ
13:41
What is the connection between these images of suffering
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฐ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€
13:44
and the history that I just read to you?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„
13:47
And how much of this history do you need to own, even?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋งŒํผ ์ฑ…์ž„์ ธ์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
13:50
Is any of this your responsibility today?
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ์Šต๋“ค์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
13:54
I have been told that there must be something we can do.
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
There must be some call to action.
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๊ทธ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
Because for so long, I've been standing on the sidelines,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ์ €
์˜†์— ์„œ์„œ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด๋‚˜ ์ฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ
14:04
content to be a witness,
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๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ์ž๋กœ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
14:06
just taking photographs.
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14:08
Because the solutions seem so far in the past,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฉ€๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
14:11
I needed nothing short of a time machine to access them.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
์˜ค์ง ํƒ€์ž„๋จธ์‹ ๋งŒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:15
The suffering of indigenous peoples is not a simple issue to fix.
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ ํ†ต์€
๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:21
It's not something everyone can get behind
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ”ํžˆ ์•„์ดํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๋•๋Š”๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
14:23
the way they get behind helping Haiti,
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์—์ด์ฆˆ์™€ ๊ธฐ๊ทผ์„ ๋ง‰๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
14:25
or ending AIDS, or fighting a famine.
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
The "fix," as it's called,
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ณ ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€,
14:30
may be much more difficult for the dominant society
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์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š”,
14:33
than, say, a $50 check
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๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฑด๋Œ€,
14:35
or a church trip to paint some graffiti-covered houses,
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50๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ˆ˜ํ‘œ๋‚˜, ๊ตํšŒ ์—ฌํ–‰์ด๋‚˜,
๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ผํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ค์ง„ ๋ฒฝ์„ ์น ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ,
14:39
or a suburban family
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ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์ž…์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์˜ท ๋ฐ•์Šค๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค
14:40
donating a box of clothes they don't even want anymore.
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๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:44
So where does that leave us?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
14:46
Shrugging our shoulders in the dark?
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์–ด๋‘ ์†์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋ฉฐ ์–ด๊นจ๋ฅผ ์œผ์“ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€
14:50
The United States continues on a daily basis to violate the terms
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๋งค์ผ๋งค์ผ ๊ณ„์†
1851๋…„๊ณผ 1868๋…„์˜
14:54
of the 1851 and 1868 Fort Laramie Treaties with the Lakota.
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๋ผ์ฝ”ํƒ€์™€์˜ ๋ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ ์กฐ์•ฝ์„
๊นจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
The call to action I offer today --
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š”
ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”์ฒญ์€ ์ด๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
my TED wish -- is this:
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15:06
Honor the treaties.
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์กฐ์•ฝ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค์„ธ์š”.
15:08
Give back the Black Hills.
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๋ธ”๋ž™ํž์ฆˆ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
15:10
It's not your business what they do with them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
(Applause)
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๋ฐ•์ˆ˜
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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