Exploring the mind of a killer | Jim Fallon

832,738 views ใƒป 2009-07-16

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Sigal Tifferet ืžื‘ืงืจ: Alon Wasserman
00:18
I'm a neuroscientist, a professor at the University of California.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืงืจ ืžื•ื—, ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”.
00:21
And over the past 35 years,
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ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœืš 35 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช,
00:24
I've studied behavior
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ื—ืงืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช
00:26
on the basis of everything from genes
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ื”ื—ืœ ืžื’ื ื™ื
00:29
through neurotransmitters, dopamine, things like that,
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ื“ืจืš ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืขืฆื‘ื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื“ื•ืคืžื™ืŸ,
00:31
all the way through circuit analysis.
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ื•ื›ืœื” ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžืขื’ืœื™ื ืขืฆื‘ื™ื™ื.
00:33
So that's what I normally do.
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ืื– ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื“"ื›.
00:35
But then, for some reason,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืื™ื–ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืกื™ื‘ื”
00:37
I got into something else, just recently.
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ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.
00:39
And it all grew out of one of my colleagues asking me
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ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื›ืš ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ืงื•ืœื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื™
00:42
to analyze a bunch of brains
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ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื™ ืœื ืชื— ืžื•ื—ื•ืช
00:44
of psychopathic killers.
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ืฉืœ ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืคืชื™ื.
00:46
And so this would be the typical talk I would give.
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ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ืื ื™ ื‘ื“"ื› ืžืจืฆื”.
00:49
And the question is, "How do you end up with a psychopathic killer?"
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ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื "ืื™ืš ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ืฆื— ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืคืช?"
00:52
What I mean by psychopathic killer
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ื•ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืจื•ืฆื— ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืคืช, ืื ื™
00:54
are these people, these types of people.
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ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื›ืืœื”
00:56
And so some of the brains that I've studied
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ื•ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื—ืงืจืชื™
00:58
are people you know about.
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ื”ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื (ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘).
01:00
When I get the brains I don't know what I'm looking at.
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ืœื ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืœื™
01:02
It's blind experiments. They also gave me normal people and everything.
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ืื ื–ื” ืžื•ื— ืฉืœ ืจื•ืฆื— ืื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื ื•ืจืžืœื™.
01:04
So I've looked at about 70 of these.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื‘ื—ื ืชื™ ื‘ืขืจืš 70 ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ืืœื”
01:06
And what came up was a number of pieces of data.
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ื•ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืžืกืคืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื.
01:09
So we look at these sorts of things theoretically,
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืชื™ืื•ืจื˜ื™
01:12
on the basis of genetics,
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ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงื”,
01:14
and brain damage, and interaction with environment,
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ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื•ื—ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขื ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
01:17
and exactly how that machine works.
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ื•ืื™ืš ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช.
01:19
So we're interested in exactly where in the brain,
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ื—,
01:21
and what's the most important part of the brain.
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ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื•ื—.
01:23
So we've been looking at this:
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”.
01:26
the interaction of genes,
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ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื ื™ื,
01:28
what's called epigenetic effects,
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ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ืืคืงื˜ื™ื ืืคื™ื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื,
01:30
brain damage, and environment,
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ืคื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื•ื—ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
01:32
and how these are tied together.
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ื•ืื™ืš ื›ื•ืœื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื™ื—ื“.
01:34
And how you end up with a psychopath, and a killer,
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ื•ื”ืื ืชื’ื™ืข ืœืคืกื™ื›ื•ืคืช ื•ืจื•ืฆื—
01:36
depends on exactly when the damage occurs.
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ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื”.
01:39
It's really a very precisely timed thing.
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ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืชื•ื–ืžืŸ.
01:42
You get different kinds of psychopaths.
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ืืชื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืคืชื™ื.
01:44
So we're going along with this. And here's, just to give you the pattern.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื“ืคื•ืก ืฉืžืชืงื‘ืœ.
01:47
The pattern is that those people, every one of them I looked at,
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ื”ื“ืคื•ืก ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ื ื”ืกื“ืจืชื™ื™ื
01:50
who was a murderer, and was a serial killer,
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ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ืกืชื›ืœืชื™
01:53
had damage to their orbital cortex,
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ื ืคื’ืขื• ื‘ืงื•ืจื˜ืงืก ื”ืืจื•ื‘ืชื™.
01:55
which is right above the eyes, the orbits,
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ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžืขืœ ืœืขื™ื ื™ื™ื,
01:57
and also the interior part of the temporal lobe.
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ื•ื’ื ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื ื” ื”ืฆื™ื“ื™ืช.
01:59
So there is the pattern that every one of them had,
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ื“ืคื•ืก ืฉื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืืฆืœ ื›ื•ืœื,
02:01
but they all were a little different too.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืงืฆืช ืฉื•ื ื”.
02:03
They had other sorts of brain damage.
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ืขื•ื“ ืคื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืžื•ื—ื™ื•ืช.
02:05
A key thing is that
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ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ
02:07
the major violence genes,
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ื”ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืœืืœื™ืžื•ืช,
02:10
it's called the MAO-A gene.
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ื›ืžื• ื”ื’ืŸ MAO-A
02:13
And there is a variant of this gene that is in the normal population.
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ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืืจื™ืื ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื”ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ืช
02:17
Some of you have this. And it's sex-linked.
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ืœื—ืœืงื›ื ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื•. ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชืื—ื™ื–ื” ืœืžื™ืŸ
02:20
It's on the X chromosome. And so in this way
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ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ืขืœ ื›ืจื•ืžื•ื–ื•ื X, ื•ื›ืš
02:22
you can only get it from your mother.
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื• ืจืง ืžื”ืืžื ืฉืœื›ื.
02:25
And in fact this is probably why mostly men, boys,
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ืืช ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื”
02:29
are psychopathic killers,
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืคืชื™ื,
02:31
or are very aggressive.
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ืื• ืžืื•ื“ ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื.
02:33
Because a daughter can get one X from the father,
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืช ืžืงื‘ืœืช X ืื—ื“ ืžืื‘ื
02:36
one X from the mother, it's kind of diluted out.
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ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืืžื, ื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ืžืชืžืชืŸ.
02:38
But for a son, he can only get
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช
02:40
the X chromosome from his mother.
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ื›ืจื•ืžื•ื–ื•ื X ืจืง ืžืืžื ืฉืœื”ื.
02:42
So this is how it's passed from mother to son.
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ื•ื›ืš ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืžืื ืœื‘ืŸ.
02:45
And it has to do with too much brain serotonin during development,
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ื•ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื•ื“ืฃ ืกืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ื— ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช.
02:49
which is kind of interesting because serotonin
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ื•ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืกืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ืŸ
02:51
is supposed to make you calm and relaxed.
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ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืข ืื•ืชืš.
02:54
But if you have this gene, in utero
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืืช ื”ื’ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ืช,
02:57
your brain is bathed in this,
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ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœืš ื˜ื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืกืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ืŸ.
02:59
so your whole brain becomes insensitive to serotonin,
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ื•ื›ืš ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ืžืื‘ื“ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืชื• ืœืกืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ืŸ.
03:01
so it doesn't work later on in life.
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ืื– ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืกืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ืŸ ืœื ื›"ื› ืขื•ื‘ื“.
03:04
And I'd given this one talk in Israel,
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ื•ื”ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ
03:07
just this past year.
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ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”.
03:09
And it does have some consequences.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืš ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช.
03:11
Theoretically what this means
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ืชื™ืื•ืจื˜ื™ืช ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ
03:13
is that in order to express this gene,
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ืฉืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื”ื’ืŸ ื™ื‘ื•ื˜ื
03:16
in a violent way,
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ืืœื™ืžื”,
03:18
very early on, before puberty,
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ืžื•ืงื“ื ืžืื•ื“, ืœืคื ื™ ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช,
03:20
you have to be involved in something that is really traumatic --
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ืืจื•ืข ื˜ืจืื•ืžื˜ื™,
03:23
not a little stress, not being spanked or something,
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ืœื ืงืฆืช ืœื—ืฅ, ื›ืžื• ื›ืžื” ืกื˜ื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ืžืฉื”ื•.
03:25
but really seeing violence,
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ืืœื ื‘ืืžืช, ืœืจืื•ืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช,
03:27
or being involved in it, in 3D.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื™ืžื“ื™ื.
03:29
Right? That's how the mirror neuron system works.
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ื›ืŸ? ื›ืš ืคื•ืขืœืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชืื™ ื”ืžืจืื”.
03:31
And so, if you have that gene,
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ืื– ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืืช ื”ื’ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
03:34
and you see a lot of violence
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ื•ืืชื” ื—ื•ื•ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืœื™ืžื•ืช
03:37
in a certain situation,
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ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื,
03:39
this is the recipe for disaster, absolute disaster.
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ื–ื” ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืŸ ืœืืกื•ืŸ, ืžืžืฉ ืืกื•ืŸ.
03:42
And what I think might happen in these areas of the world,
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื
03:45
where we have constant violence,
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ื‘ื”ื ื™ืฉื ื” ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืช,
03:48
you end up having generations of kids
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ื–ื” ืฉืืชื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื
03:51
that are seeing all this violence.
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ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช.
03:53
And if I was a young girl, somewhere in a violent area,
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ื•ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“ื” ืฆืขื™ืจื” ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจ ืืœื™ื,
03:56
you know, a 14 year old, and I want to find a mate,
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ื‘ืช 14 ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ื‘ืŸ-ื–ื•ื’,
03:58
I'd find some tough guy, right, to protect me.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื—ืคืฉืช ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืงืฉื•ื—, ืฉื™ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™.
04:01
Well what the problem is this tends to concentrate these genes.
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ื•ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
04:05
And now the boys and the girls get them.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื ื•ืช.
04:07
So I think after several generations,
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื—ืจื™ ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ืจื•ืช,
04:09
and here is the idea, we really have a tinderbox.
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื—ื•ืžืจ ื ืคืฅ.
04:12
So that was the idea.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ.
04:14
But then my mother said to me, "I hear you've been going around talking
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ืืžืจื” ืœื™, "ืฉืžืขืชื™
04:16
about psychopathic killers.
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ืฉืืชื” ืžืจืฆื” ืขืœ ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ื ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืคืชื™ื.
04:19
And you're talking as if you come from a normal family."
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ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉืืชื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืžืฉืคื—ื” ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ืช."
04:22
I said, "What the hell are you talking about?"
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"ืขืœ ืžื” ืืช ืžื“ื‘ืจืช?" ืฉืืœืชื™
04:24
She then told me about our own family tree.
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ืื– ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืคืจื” ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ืฉืœื ื•
04:27
Now she blamed this on my father's side, of course.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืืฉื™ืžื” ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื ืฉืœื™, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.
04:29
This was one of these cases, because she has no violence in her background,
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ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจืงืข ืืœื™ื ื‘ืฆื“ ืฉืœื”
04:33
but my father did.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฆื“ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™.
04:35
Well she said, "There is good news and bad news.
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"ืื– ื™ืฉ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช" ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”
04:37
One of your cousins is Ezra Cornell, founder of Cornell university.
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"ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืœืš, ืขื–ืจื ืงื•ืจื ืœ, ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืงื•ืจื ืœ.
04:40
But the bad news is that your cousin is also Lizzie Borden.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ื’ื ื‘ืช ื“ื•ื“ื” - ืœื™ื–ื™ ื‘ื•ืจื“ืŸ."
04:43
Now I said, "Okay, so what? We have Lizzie."
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"ืื– ืžื”?" ืฉืืœืชื™
04:50
She goes, "No it gets worse, read this book."
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"ื–ื” ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ืจื•ืข" ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” "ืงืจื ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื”."
04:52
And here is this "Killed Strangely," and it's this historical book.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ "ื ืจืฆื—ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื–ืจ"
04:54
And the first murder
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ื•ื”ืจืฆื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
04:56
of a mother by a son
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ืฉืœ ืื ืข"ื™ ื‘ื ื”,
04:58
was my great-great-great-great-great-great-grandfather.
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื‘ื•ืช-ืื‘ื•ืชื™
05:01
Okay, so that's the first case of matricide.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืงืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจืฆื— ืื.
05:04
And that book is very interesting. Because it's about witch trials,
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ื•ื”ืกืคืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืžื›ืฉืคื•ืช,
05:07
and how people thought back then.
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ื•ืื™ืš ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืื–
05:09
But it doesn't stop there.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื ื’ืžืจ ืฉื.
05:11
There were seven more men, on my father's side,
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ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ื“ 7 ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืฆื“ ืื‘ื™,
05:14
starting then, Cornells, that were all murderers.
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ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ืงื•ืจื ืœื™ื, ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ื.
05:18
Okay, now this gives one a little pause.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื– ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœืื“ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘,
05:21
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:23
Because my father himself,
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ื›ื™ ืื‘ื ืฉืœื™ ืขืฆืžื•,
05:25
and my three uncles, in World War II,
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ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื“ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™, ื‘ืžืœื—ื”"ืข ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”
05:27
were all conscientious objectors, all pussycats.
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ื”ื™ื• ืกืจื‘ื ื™ ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ, ืœื ื”ืจื’ื• ื–ื‘ื•ื‘,
05:30
But every once in a while, like Lizzie Borden, like three times a century,
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ืื‘ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืžืื”, ื›ืžื• ืœื™ื–ื™ ื‘ื•ืจื“ืŸ,
05:32
and we're kind of due.
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ื•ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืชืงืจื‘.
05:34
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:37
So the moral of the story is:
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ืื– ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื•ื:
05:39
people in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.
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ืžื™ ืฉื’ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ืจื•ืง ืื‘ื ื™ื.
05:41
But more likely is this.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกื‘ื™ืจ.
05:44
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:48
And we had to take action. Now our kids found out about it.
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื.
05:51
And they all seemed to be OK.
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ื•ื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ื ืจืื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
05:53
But our grandkids are going to be kind of concerned here.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ืงืฆืช ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื.
05:56
So what we've done is I've started to do PET scans
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื” ืกืจื™ืงื•ืช PET
05:59
of everybody in the family.
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ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
06:01
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:02
We started to do PET scans, EEGs and genetic analysis
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ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ื‘ PET, EEG ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช
06:05
to see where the bad news is.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืžืื™ืคื” ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ื”ืฆืจื•ืช.
06:07
Now the only person -- it turns out
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ื•ื”ืื“ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื›ืš ืžืชื‘ืจืจ
06:09
one son and one daughter, siblings,
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ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช, ืื—ื™ื, ืœื ื”ืกืชื“ืจื•
06:12
didn't get along and their patterns are exactly the same.
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ื•ื”ื“ืคื•ืก ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ.
06:14
They have the same brain, and the same EEG.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืื•ืชื• ืžื•ื—, ืื•ืชื• EEG.
06:17
And now they are close as can be.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื ืžืื•ื“ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื.
06:20
But there's gonna be bad news somewhere.
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ืื‘ืœ ืฆืจื•ืช ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืžืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื.
06:22
And we don't know where it's going to pop up.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจืง ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžืชื™.
06:24
So that's my talk.
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ืื– ื–ืืช ื”ื”ืจืฆืื” ืฉืœื™.
06:26
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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